Primary Sources

"Emma Watson gives powerful UN speech about gender equality." CBS News. Last
modified September 20, 2014. 19 Jan. 2017. <http://www.cbsnews.com/news/
emma-watson-gives-powerful-speech-about-gender-equality-at-united-nations/>.

The quote taken from popular actress, Emma Watson, when she was giving a speech as the
newly made UN women goodwill ambassador captured the goals and expectations of modern
day feminists perfectly. Her quote discussed the main issues concerning women rights today,
particularly focusing on gaining equal pay, having the ability to choose what happens to a
woman's body, and the wanting to have the same respect as men. These desires that Emma
Watson emphasized in her speech gave me the ability to categorize the main problems that
feminists want to change and the influence that Emmeline Pankhurst has had on many female
rights activists today.

Keen Ed. Militant Suffragettes Turn to Violence. In UPIs 20th Century Top Stories,
SIRS Issues Researcher. Web. 17 Jan. 2017. <http://sks.sirs.com/webapp/article?
artno=0000259187&type=ART>.

This newspaper article described the militant acts of the suffragettes. Keen described how the
suffragettes cut telegraph wires and destroyed storefronts, as well as planting bombs. Keens
description of the militancy acts was helpful to understand exactly what were the specific
accusations being pressed against the WSPU. The newspaper article also included descriptions
of how Cristabel Pankhurst and other members of the WSPU defied British authority. The
reaction of the WSPU, mainly coming off as against the WSPU, shows the point of view from
those that didnt side with the suffragettes. The newspaper article does not defend the acts of the
suffragettes and mainly talks about the destructive nature of the suffragettes, but not talking
about the mission behind the militant acts. The article also includes the dates that certain
militant acts occurred on, including the window smashing campaign and the day when the
arsenal of the WSPU was raided. This article gave me insight into the caliber of danger that the
suffragettes dished out, but also an idea of how those felt that were against the suffragettes.

Keen Ed. Suffragette Defiant as Convicted of Bomb Conspiracy. In UPIs 20th Century Top
Stories, SIRS Issues Researcher. Web. 15 Jan. 2017. <http://sks.sirs.com/webapp/article?
artno=0000259197&type=ART>.

This newspaper article, written by a London correspondent of the United Press. The newspaper
article described the accusations pressed against suffragettes of bomb planting. Emmeline
pleaded not guilty and stated that trials where women are founded guilty goes to show how they
are suffering inequality between men and women. Keen describes how after Emmeline
Pankhurst was found guilty that the other suffragettes that witnessed the trial started to partake in
more militant acts as protest to their leader being imprisoned and mistreated in prison. These
angry suffragettes also protested in less dangerous acts, such as parading down streets and
yelling. The newspaper article allowed me to have a better understanding of the family-like
connection that the suffragettes of the Womens Social and Political Union had with each
other. Through this newspaper article, I was able to see how loving these women were to each
other. They were willing to risk their own freedom to try and protest against Emmelines
indictment. Although these women were often seen to be mindlessly violent, I could see that the
suffragettes were only looking to show others how they were suffering and that they were
standing up for themselves.

Pankhurst, Emmeline. My Own Story. New York: Source Book Press, 1970. Web. 12 Jan. 2017.

Emmelines autobiography included insight into how Emmeline knew that from a young age, she
would be an active advocate for the womens rights movement. She also wrote about how her
daughter, Christabel Pankhurst, really made her to put her thoughts into action, causing
Pankhurst to create the WSPU. The autobiography also described the harsh conditions that the
suffragettes were put under when they were punished for their actions and Emmeline included
how she would never forget the torture that she underwent when she was force fed while she was
hunger striking in prison. Emmelines descriptions first-hand accounts of imprisonment were
filled with anger against those that had mistreated her and many other suffragists. This source
allowed me to understand more clearly the point of view of Emmeline and the suffragettes. Her
autobiography was helpful in understanding why the suffragettes were militant and why they
were very aggressive to the rest of society. Emmelines accounts of cruelty in prison was more
than enough to make sense of the destructive and disruptive actions that they participated
in. Emmeline also described how although their acts of protest were destructive in some cases,
they were in no means trying to harm someone. For example, Pankhurst brings up the bombs
that they had planted and she stated how the suffragettes were sure to place the bombs in
unoccupied areas. She explained that they chose to partake in some very dangerous acts because
they were looking for the attention of the public so that they could try and gain a larger following
on their end of the protest.

Secondary Sources
"Britain 1906-1918." National Archives. 18 Jan. 2017. <https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/
education/britain1906to1918/timeline/g4_timeline.htm>.

This source gave a wide range of information concerning the time periods that each event in the
womens suffrage movement occurred. This site primarily focused on the time periods between
1867, when the suffrage movement first became a reality, to 1918, when women finally got the
right to vote in Britain. These dates gave me a way to sort out the finer details of the suffrage
movement and create a timeline of my own to indicate the historical events that led up to
Emmeline Pankhurst becoming involved in the womens rights movement. This source also
gave a very simple and easy to understand definition of many of the Acts that were passed during
that time period. This enabled me to gain a better understanding of the struggle that women were
going through and also gave me a way to talk about how the government really got involved
during the womens suffrage movement.
Emmeline Pankhurst. N.d. N.p.: ABC-CLIO, 2001. N. pag. World History: The Modern Era.
Web. 18 Jan. 2017. <https://worldhistory.abc-clio.com/Search/Display/315405>.
This source gives information concerning the early life of Emmeline Pankhurst and her
contributions to the womens suffrage movement. The childhood of Pankhurst gave me insight
into her familial conditions as it talks about how her mother was very interested in the suffrage
movement and used to take her on suffrage meetings which eventually influenced Pankhurst to
become a suffrage leader herself. In addition, this source discusses the marriage and home life of
Pankhurst particularly her husband Richard who also fought for womens suffrage. This gave
me insight about the reasons why Emmeline became so involved in the suffragist
movement. The article also covers basic information on the WSPU and the eventual passing of
the Representation of the Peoples Act which gave women the right to vote.

Griffiths, Jack. "Anti-Suffrage: the British women who didnt want the vote." History Answers.
Last modified October 22, 2015. 19 Jan. 2017. <https://www.historyanswers.co.uk/
people-politics/anti-suffrage-the-british-women-who-didnt-want-the-vote/>.

This source depicted the anti-suffrage movement, focusing on the goals of such movement and
the reasons behind why those people decided not to support womens suffrage. This source
showed no bias as it covered the good and bad of suffrage movement stating that although the
anti-suffrage movement failed, there were many people originally opposed to women suffrage.
This source also showed that not all women advocated for womens rights. In reality, the anti-
suffrage movement was created by women who opposed the notion that women should get
rights. Their main argument consists of the fact that women were not very educated, so
obtaining the right to vote was useless in that regard, and arguments concerning the physical
bodies of females, still considered weaker compared to men, was another reason why many
women decided not to show their support. This information enabled me to write about the anti-
suffrage movements and the reasons behind their opposition. These arguments also helped show
that the suffrage movement did not go as wonderfully as many people had imagined but rather
there were many setbacks that prohibited women from gaining their rights earlier in the
centuries.

June, Purvis. Emmeline Pankhurst: A Biography. London: Routledge, 2002. Web. 12 Jan. 2017.

This novel by June Purvis, describes the early childhood and life of Emmeline Pankhurst, leader
of the WSPU, a militant suffragette movement. Purvis discusses the active role Pankhurst played
in the suffrage movement, writing about the militant actions taken by the WSPU including the
destruction of private property and the riots created by the suffragettes. The novel also discusses
the role Pankhurst played at home as a mother and a wife. Purvis describes how her husband and
children became active in the suffrage movement and the influence the Pankhurst had on her
family members. This novel includes descriptions of the various actions of Emmeline Pankhurst,
particularly the hunger strikes, imprisonment of the suffragettes and the cruel force-feeding that
had taken place at the jails. Purvis also includes the reactions to certain events, however takes a
semi-biased standpoint as she does not include many bad reactions to the militant movements but
instead discusses the positive aspects of the movement. This novel gave information regarding
Emmelines childhood and her continued efforts towards the suffrage movement.

RHIANNON AND HOLLY. "The Five Main Issues Facing Modern Feminism." NewStatesman.
Last modified May 20, 2013. 19 Jan. 2017. <http://www.newstatesman.com/v-
spot/2013/05/five-main-issues-facing-modern-feminism>.

This source gave a brief introduction to the many issues facing modern day feminists and the
reasons behind why such issues still exist in society today. The main problems seem to stem
from media influence such as magazine covers and social media sites which create unrealistic
expectations for women. These expectations seem to degrade women and judge them solely
based on their outer beauty rather than intellect. This causes prejudice against women to rise and
ideas of gender equality are thrown out the window. In addition, the idea that most women are
not in high positions in the government gives an idea that many people think male politicians
would be better solely because they are male. This source helps explain that many people judge
based on gender and that social inequalities are still found in our everyday lives.

Ross, Philip. "Women's Equality Day 2015: 11 Empowering Quotes About Gender
Equality." Identities.Mic. Last modified August 26, 2015. 18 Jan. 2017.
<https://mic.com/articles/124399/women-s-equality-day-2015-11-empowering-quotes-
about-gender-equality#.XPlfkazcc>.

This quote by Malala Yousafzai centered around the fact that women should be equal in every
aspect. Malala, coming from a very gender-biased country has experienced sexist actions her
entire life and has undergone terrible experiences in order to fight back against the
patriarchy. She spoke about how every woman who has the ability to speak up, should speak
since there are women out there who cannot raise their voices. Malala said that success is not an
option in the world if only the males are able to make decisions and be educated.

Ridley, Louise. "UK Gender Inequality Is Chronically Underfunded Despite Rise Of Feminism,
Unequal Nation Report Finds." Huffington Post. 18 Jan. 2017. <http://www.huffington
post.co.uk/2015/07/15/gender-inequality-uk-women-feminism-young-
foundation_n_7800388.html>.

This article discusses the extent of gender inequality in Britain and how the gender pay gap is
slowly, but steadily rising. The site states that the wage gap in Britain has stayed at 19 percent
which helps me understand that, even though suffrage for women has been allowed in Britain,
there is still not complete equality between men and women. The site also states that gender
based violence, particularly against women, are reported to Britain police almost every
minute. The article also states that about twenty seven percent of women are paid less than the
living wage. This means that many females still have to face that they are still considered
inferior to men. The article also talks about how many feminists are pushed aside and not
listened to which made me understand that gender equality was not taken as seriously in
developed countries, such as Britain, as it is in underdeveloped countries.

Trueman, C. N. "Women's Social and Political Union." History Learning Site. Web. 15 Jan.
2017. <http://www.historylearningsite.co.uk/the-role-of-british-women-in-the-twentieth-
century/womens-social-and-political-union/>.

This webpage gave insight into the formation of the WSPU and the effects militancy had on the
suffrage movement. The website also gave information regarding the main causes of success for
the WSPU, stating that the 3 most influential actions were the disruptions to public meetings,
which attracted attention, the militancy and the attacks on private property to those opposed to
female suffrage. Trueman discusses the divide that the militant actions had on the whole
suffrage movement, primarily talking about how it encouraged some to join the movement and
how it had pushed others away. The website discussed how Christabels, Emmelines younger
sister, actions had actually had a bad impact on the suffrage movement as many were taken
aback at the violence that the WSPU had shown. This website gave information regarding the
opposing sides that came forward due to the WSPU and how that affected the movement
altogether.

Stockport college of Further and Higher Education, "Overview of Gender Equality

Issues in United Kingdom." Gender-Equality. Last modified 2003. 18 Jan. 2017.
<https://www.gender-equality.webinfo.lt/results/uk.htm>.

This source helps explain what the government plans to do in regards to gender inequality in
Britain. This source focuses on explaining the things that stand in the way of gender equality
saying that not many people believe that gender inequality is still an issue today and that there
are many companies who simply do not hire female workers for no apparent reason. This
information tells me that, although Emmeline Pankhurst did improve the lives of many women
by bringing up the issue of womens suffrage to the public, people today do not believe that there
are still things wrong with gender equality and do not try to fix it because of their beliefs. The
website also discussed issues regarding maternity leave and the equal pay act which gave women
time off to take care of their children following birth, and the equal pay act was supposed to get
rid of the wage gap, but in reality, had no immediate effect. The source explained that, since no
one has enforced the act, no one made any move to fix the gender wage gap. This made me
realize the importance of feminists, such as Pankhurst and others today, who strive to draw
attention to these issues and fix them so that everyone could be equal.

Watts, Tim. "Woman Suffrage Movement." In World History: The Modern Era, ABC-CLIO,
2001. Web. 17 Dec. 2016. <https://worldhistory.abc-clio.com/Search/Display/309420>.

This source, describing the womens suffrage movement in both Britain and the United States,
focuses on the two main suffrage movements that were created in the early 1900s. The
NUWSS, National Union of Womens Suffrage Society, which was a peaceful suffrage group,
and the WSPU, womens social and Political Union, headed by Emmeline Pankhurst. This
source gave some insight into the early life of Emmeline Pankhurst as it talked about how
Pankhurst was once part of the NUWSS, but then broke away once seeing how slow the progress
of such a group was. She then went on to more militant tactics creating the WSPU and
increasing the amount of public attention that the suffrage movement had. This source also
helped me understand that it was the WSPU who gave the major deciding factor of the suffrage
movement. This was because they aided Britain in the war showing that women could do the
same jobs as men. Emmeline Pankhursts decision to stop the revolts against parliament and
instead aid the military made parliament decide the give women the right to vote.

"Women's Social and Political Union." In World History: The Modern Era, ABC-CLIO, 2001.
Web. 29 Nov. 2016. <https://worldhistory.abc-clio.com/Search/Display/312235>.

This source gives information concerning the WSPU, Womens Social and Political Union,
which Emmeline Pankhurst had founded and led. This writing piece shows the militant actions
of the WSPU, and gave me understanding as to what the reaction of the public was to such
militant reactions. This source talks about how the suffragists went on hunger strikes and
destroyed private property in order to get parliament to notice them. This resulted in them being
thrown into jail, and force-fed food. These horrible things that happened to them helped gain the
sympathy of the public. This helped me understand that Emmeline Pankhurst, with her
suffragists, really caused an uprising in Great Britain resulting in parliament finally giving
women the right to vote. Had it not been for the WSPU and their militant actions, the parliament
would not have cared enough to discuss the mere possibility to womens suffrage.

Pictography
ABetterMN. Gender Wage Gap No Where Close to Fixed. September 22, 2014. Illustration.
Web. 19 Jan. 2017. <http://abetterminnesota.org/2014/09/gender-wage-gap-no-where-
close-to-fixed/>.

This image shows how in the wages of women were 61 to the mens $1 in 1960 and how the
wages of women were 78 to the mens $1 in 2014, meaning that the wages of men and women
are still not equal. Yes, the wage gap has closed since 1960, but the wage gap has not closed
entirely. The illustration was helpful in visually showing how men and women are still not
equal, even in the workplace.

A racecourse stand set on fire and destroyed by the Suffragettes. 1913. Compton History. Web.
17 Jan. 2017. <http://www.comptonhistory.com/year9/whowerethesuffragettes.htm>.

This image depicted a heavily damaged racecourse. The damage was caused by the suffragettes
of the WSPU who started a man-made fire. This source added to the list of destructive acts that
the WSPU participated in. The image gave me a broader understanding of how the suffragettes
protested for the right to vote. It ties into how the suffragettes can be misunderstood and were
often labelled as reckless and violent rather than women that were looking for better societal
treatment of women in general .

Adela Walsh. before 1921. Wikipedia. Web. 18 Jan. 2017. <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adela_

Pankhurst>.

This portrait is of one of Emmeline Pankhursts daughters, Adela Walsh. The source gave me a
better idea of Emmelines family, those that influenced her to be the strong suffragette that she
was.

British Suffrage Postcard. 1910. N.p.: ABC-CLIO, 2001. N. pag. World History: The Modern
Era. Web. 17 Jan. 2017. <https://worldhistory.abcclio.com/Search/Display/436315?
terms=suffragists+protest+british&sType=quick>.

This postcard depicted a suffragette, holding a Votes for Women sign, being carried away by a
police officer. The text, Are we downhearted? No! written on the bottom of the postcard
clearly shows how the suffragettes were trying to sway members in their society in their
favor. This postcard represents how the suffragettes are imprisoned and mistreated while in
prison. This source shows how the suffragettes also made use of posters to try and get more
public attention on the matter of their protest for their right to vote.

Cat and Mouse Act. 1913. N.p.: ABC-CLIO, 2001. N. pag. World History: The Modern Era.
Web. 17 Jan. 2017. <https://worldhistory.abc-clio.com/Search/Display/436322?
webSiteCode=SLN_HMOD&returnToPage=%2fSearch%2fDisplay%2f436322&token
88EA628B75E08AA00069B1FA8174C22E&casError=False>.

The Cat and the Mouse Act poster illustrated a woman limply hanging from the mouth of a
cat. The cat in the image represents the liberal government that let the suffragettes on hunger
strikes to be released from prison until their health was restored. Following their recovery, these
women would be forced to be rearrested. The limp women represents the suffragettes that have
been forced to be rearrested after they have been tortured once before in jail. The image is
another example of how the WSPU has utilized posters in their favor by using pathos and
invoking empathy in order to persuade members of their society to support their cause.

Christabel Pankhurst. 1900s. About Education. Web. 18 Jan. 2017.

<http://womenshistory.about.com/od/pankhursts/ss/Christabel-Pankhurst.htm>.

This illustration shows Emmeline Pankhursts oldest daughter, Christabel Pankhurst. Christabel
was really what caused Emmeline to reignite the womens suffrage movement. This portrait of
Christabel helped me to have a visual on what was the motivation behind Emmelines decision to
create the Womens Social and Political Union in an attempt to reunite the suffrage movement so
that these women could fight for their rights.
Coloring Pages: Paper Drawing. N.d. 15 Jan. 2017.
<http://www.coloringpages101.com/school-coloring-pages/44675-pencil--paper-2-
coloring-page>.

This source gave an image of a pen and paper which represented the more technical aspects of
this project. This image was used as a link to go to the process paper, and helped make the
website, altogether, more organized and efficient.

Damaged Thomas Carlyle Painting. N.d. Compton History. Web. 17 Jan. 2017.
<http://www.comptonhistory.com/year9/whowerethesuffragettes.htm>.

This source shows a picture of Thomas Carlyle that was slashed several times and had the
protective glass broken around the frame of the portrait. This image shows how the suffragettes
were not afraid to break into museum and destroy works of art to gain more attention from the
public. Once again, this act of protest was seen to be mindlessly destructive by most of the
population, rather than seeing it as a call for help by these women. This image was helpful in
that it added to another way that the suffragettes protested and the fact that it provided a visual
aspect to it so that I could see the amount of damage that was done to the painting.

Deanna. Best Magazine Covers of the Year."Kitsch-Slapped (blog). Entry posted September 11,
2009. 19 Jan. 2017. <http://www.kitsch-slapped.com/2009/09/best-magazine-covers-of-
the-year/>.

This source is an image of a magazine cover of Vanity Fair showing popular actress, Angelina
Jolie, posing on the front. This magazine cover illustrates the very biased outlook on
women. The cover shows that, most people, prefer outer beauty of a women and do not care
about intelligence. This is a problem in todays society because many women are put under
pressure, since media portrays women to have a certain look which is unrealistic.

Emmeline. 1909. Daily Mail. Web. 18 Jan. 2017. <http://www.dailymail.co.uk/femail/article-

3264674/Suffragette-Emmeline-Pankhurst-s-secret-legacy-revealed.html>.

This source shows a portrait of Emmeline Pankhurst, the founder of the Womens Social and
Political Union. Emmeline was in her later years of age when the photo was taken and she has
appeared to have no emotion on her face. The image was helpful in providing a visual aspect as
to what Emmeline looks like.

Emmeline and Harry. 1893. Bill Greenwell. Web. 17 Jan. 2017. <http://www.billgreenwell.
com/page.php?id=56>.
This source, showing a table of Emmelines familial relations and giving a physical description
of Emmeline, helps me gain a deeper understanding into the life of Emmeline when she was
younger. This source also gives information regarding the children and husband of Pankhurst
and how she had influenced her children to grow up supporting womens suffrage just as she did.

Emmeline Pankhurst. N.d. Wikipedia. Web. 17 Jan. 2017. <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/

Emmeline_Pankhurst>.

This image of Emmeline Pankhurst gives insight into her attitudes concerning the suffrage
movement. Her posture shows that she holds herself to a high standard and has a firm belief in
her convictions. In addition, her facial expressions show that she is strong in her beliefs on
womens suffrage.

Five Suffragettes holding a broken window in its frame. N.d. Compton History. Web. 17 Jan.
2017. <http://www.comptonhistory.com/year9/whowerethesuffragettes.htm>.

This photograph depicts a group of suffragettes holding a window frame that they broke. The
window frame had the glass broken so that the only thing standing was the frame of the
window. The fact that these women were willing to take a picture of them holding the broken of
the window frame shows that they were proud of their protests and that they werent afraid to
show their pride. This source was helpful in seeing the pride of the suffragettes in what they
stood for.

Lydia Becker. N.d. Wikipedia. Web. 18 Jan. 2017. <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lydia_

Becker>.

The image of Lydia Becker, the woman who dished out an address on womens rights and
inspired Emmeline further, gave me a better understanding of who really was the woman that
became Emmelines inspiration to reunite the suffrage movement.

Gender roles: Men and women are not so different after all. N.d.
16 Jan. 2017. <?http://www.news.iastate.edu/news/2015/01/29/
genderdifferences>.

This source shows an image of the Mars symbol, the male symbol, and the Venus symbol, the
female symbol. This image of the symbols aided me in organizing the website as it provided an
image for me to use as a link to the page of Gender Roles. The gender symbols were a great
representation of the different roles that are used in society.

Manhandled: A Woman Is Arrested at a Womens Social and Political Union Protest. N.d.
England. The Telegraph. Web. 17 Jan. 2017. <http://www.telegraph.co.uk
 /film/suffragette/suffragette_timeline/>.

The photograph shows a suffragette being arrested by police from a protest by the Womens
Social and Political Union. The suffragettes facial expression clearly shows distress. She
appears to be manhandled by these policemen. The image was helpful in that it shows exactly
why the suffragettes were fighting against the policemen, because they were always treated
inhumanely by the police.

Meeting of the WSPU. N.d. Spartacus Educational. Web. 17 Jan. 2017. <http://spartacus-
educational.com/Wwspu.htm>.

The image depicts a meeting held between Christabel Pankhurst, Jessie Kenney, Nellie Martel,
Emmeline Pankhurst, and Charlotte Despard. These women were all suffragettes of the
Womens Social and Political Union. The women appear to be hard at work, planning out what
they would be doing next to lead the militant movement. The image was helpful in that I was
able to see what a cohesive group the WSPU was. The women look at each other with love,
which goes to show how the WSPU was a family in itself and that they were more than just
women that were working towards a common goal.

National Women's Social and Political Union. N.d. Labor Uncut. Web. 17 Jan. 2017.
<http://labour-uncut.co.uk/tag/keir-hardie/>.

This source shows an image of the WSPU, Womens Social and Political Union, rallying
together and fighting in unity for the right to vote. The image showed women, unafraid of
protesters, who were willing to go out into public and fight for a cause that they believed and
supported in. This showed me the dedication of those in the WSPU, and also showed me that
they were willing to do anything to gain the right to vote. The image also showed that they
enjoyed and felt strongly about what they were fighting for, showing again how brave those like
Emmeline Pankhurst were to fight for womens suffrage.

NUWSS Pilgrimage. N.d. Web. 17 Jan. 2017. <http://www.naomipaxton.co.uk/blog/archives/07-

2013>.

The source depicts a pilgrimage of the National Union of Womens Suffrage Societies. The
Womens Social and Political Union used to be a part of the NUWSS, however, they left due to
slow progress of the NUWSS. The image was helpful to have a visual image of the NUWSS in
order to get a bigger picture of the relations that the WSPU had with other in the past.

Pearson, Catherine, Alissa Scheller, and Hilary Fung. Gender Inequality Index.
Illustration. Huffington Post. March 8, 2016. 17 Jan. 2017. <http://
 www.huffingtonpost.com/entry/international-womens-day-gender-inequality-in-7-
charts_us_56d89e25e4b03a405677d462>.

This source depicted an image of the entire globe, using different colors to represent various
amounts of gender equality. The image shows that places such as Britain and the United States
had a decent amount of gender equality but other places around the globe, such as the Middle
East, have little to no equality. This made me realize that there still needs to be feminists, like
Emmeline Pankhurst, in the world in order to make those places that do not have complete
equality have female suffrage and female rights. In addition, the chart also shows that there are
almost no places in the world where females are completely and totally equal to men. This is
seen even in Britain today. This source made me understand that the two genders are not
completely equal and that there are still things to change in order to have an equal society.

Punch Cartoon. A Double Burden. 1894. N.d. 15 Jan. 2017. <http://www.bbc.co.uk/history/

british/victorians/womens_work_01.shtml>.

This source shows a woman placing the food out, doing domestic work, while the man,
presumably the husband, is reading the newspaper and not making any effort to help her. This
source shows that, during the late 1800s, women were not allowed to do the same things that
men did. Women had to clean the dishes and do the domestic work while men had higher
positions and more important jobs. Altogether, this limited the amount of respect that women in
that time period had.

Office for National Statistics. Gender Pay Gap. Illustration. DailyMail. August 8, 2014. 19 Jan.
2017. <http://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-2719704/Gender-pay-gap-SIXTY-years-
Women-earning-80p-pound-men-paid.html>.

This graph shows how as of 2012 and 2013 in Britain, men still earn 12.86 to the wage of
women, 10.33. This shows how even in modern day Britain, there is still a large wage gap
between men and women. This is one of the reasons why feminists are still protesting to this
day. Although modern day feminists are not fighting for the same things that the suffragettes
were fighting for, they are still using similar tactics to protest. The graph was helpful in that it
showed how the there is still a large deal of inequality between men and women despite all of the
steps that have been made towards gender equality.

Richard Pankhurst. 1879. Wikipedia. Web. 18 Jan. 2017. <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/

Richard_Pankhurst>.

This source shows a picture of Richard Pankhurst, husband of Emmeline Pankhurst. This image
gives me a better understanding of her family and personal life. The facial expressions of
Richard Pankhurst show that he is firm in his support of Emmeline Pankhurst and that he, along
with Emmeline, were deep supporters of womens suffrage.
The women's suffrage movement. 2014. Image. 18 Jan. 2017. <http://www.bbc.co.uk/bitesize
/higher/history/britsuff/suffrage/revision/1/>.

This source depicts a picture of the NUWSS, the National Union of Womens Suffrage Society,
and their leader, Millicent Fawcett, leading a campaign on the suffrage movement. This source
gave me information on the other suffrage group, NUWSS, which Emmeline Pankhurst had left
due to the slow progress it was making. It helped me realize that although the two groups
differed on their tactics to womens suffrage, one group being very peaceful and the other group
being very militant, they both share the same desire of womens suffrage. Both groups are
united in their fight for equality, showing their dedication and the hard work that they have put
into the cause.

Sophia Goulden. N.d. BBC. Web. 18 Jan. 2017. <http://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-isle-

of-man-36609125>.

This source shows an image of Sophia Goulden, Emmeline Pankhursts mother. This image
helps me understand the early childhood of Emmeline Pankhurst as her mother, in the image, as
determined and interested in fighting for the cause of womens suffrage. Since Goulden herself
was a suffragette, she influenced Emmeline Pankhurst to be one as well showing that, growing
up in a very pro-women household, influence Emmeline to become active in the suffrage
movement.

Studio Zoo. Clip Art of writing a letter. Illustration. 19 Jan. 2017. <http://www.fotosearch.com
/IMZ199/szo0432/>.

This source shows an illustration of an ink pen writing on paper. This illustration aided me in
the organization of the website as it serves its purpose as a link for the Annotated
Bibliography. The picture of the pen and the paper represents the writing and planning of all the
sources used in the website.

Suffragettes Protest British Government. June 1914. N.p.: ABC-CLIO, n.d. N. pag. World
History: The Modern Era. Web. 18 Jan. 2017. <https://worldhistory.abc-clio.com/
Search/Display/1767872>.

This source depicts the suffragettes holding up signs in response to the illegal sedation of one of
their main suffragette leaders, Grace Roe. This image shows the unity of the suffragettes
movement. These suffragettes rallied against the British government with placards in French,
German, and English. This image shows that the women were willing to do anything in order to
support the suffrage movement. In addition, this image gave me a sense that the suffragettes
were determined to fight back against any injustice that was done to one of their own and that
they were determined to gain respect for women, even if it meant going against the government.
Suffragists Protest. 1908. England. N.p.: ABC-CLIO, 2001. N. pag. World History: The Modern
Era. Web. 17 Jan. 2017. <https://worldhistory.abc-clio.com/Search/Results?q=448379>.

This image shows suffragettes lined up outside of the home of the British prime minister. These
women chained themselves together and demanded the right to vote. The source also features
onlookers, as well as police officers who were trying to unchain the women and evacuate them
from the property. It was helpful to view this picture because it gave me a greater sense of how
these women stuck together even when they were at risk of being imprisoned for their actions
and loyalty to the Womens Social and Political Union. This also exemplifies how all of the
suffragettes were set on doing what they could to protest for their right to vote.

Suffragist Hunger Strike Poster. N.d. N.p.: ABC-CLIO, 2001. N. pag. World History: The
Modern Era. Web. 17 Jan. 2017. <https://worldhistory.abc-clio.com/Search
/Display/436319>.

This source portrays a comic titled Torturing Women in Prison. Vote Against the
Government. This image features a young woman, presumably a suffragette, held down by
government officials who were force-feeding her. This illustrates the force-feeding methods of
the government in response to the hunger strikes done by the militant WSPU, including leader
Emmeline Pankhurst. This source helped me understand the dedication of those fighting for
womens suffrage, and how they were willing to undergo torturous acts in order to gain their
right to vote.

Sylvia Pankhurst. 1910. Wikipedia. Web. 18 Jan. 2017. <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emmeline

_Pankhurst#/media/File:Sylvia_Pankhurst_1909.jpeg>.

This portrait of Sylvia Pankhurst, the daughter of Emmeline Pankhurst, helped to give me a
better idea of Emmelines life outside of the Womens Social and Political Union. Emmeline
had five children, which shows that she was a hardworking mother and one of the strong leaders
of the womens suffrage movement.

Votes for Women. N.d. 15 Jan. 2017. <http://infinitefire.org/info/emmeline-pankhurst-shaking-

the-foundations/>.

This source depicts an image of two men dressed in tailored, fine suits, holding two women back
from voting and from creating social reform. This shows that men were holding women back
from voting and becoming part of society. Instead, women were told to do domestic work, while
men held higher positions. This source helps show that, in order for women to gain their rights,
they had to fight against the patriarchal beliefs that most people in parliament held.

Votes for Women. N.d. Wikipedia. Web. 18 Jan. 2017. <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki

/Suffragette>.
This image shows Annie Kenney and Christabel Pankhurst, two suffragettes, holding a Votes
for Women sign in Britain for the Womens Social and Political Union. This source was
helpful in that I was able to see the WSPUs use of posters. Posters was one of the more
peaceful tactics that the suffragettes used to protest.

Women's Suffrage. N.d. 15 Jan. 2017. <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Women's_suffrage

_in_the_United_Kingdom>.

This source depicts WSPU founders Annie Kenney and Christabel Pankhurst, Emmelines
daughter, standing in front of a sign saying Votes for Women. This image gives me insight
into the dedication of the suffragette movement, and how Emmeline Pankhurst had greatly
influenced her daughter to follow in her footsteps and be a leader in the fight for womens rights.

Women's Social and Political Union. N.d. 16 Jan. 2017. <http://historicalinvestigation-

modernhistory.blogspot.com/2015/12/womens-social-and-political-union-wspu.html>.

This image shows suffragettes in a carriage with the sign National Womens Social and
Political. The appear to be waving at the camera with smiles on their faces. This photo was
helpful in showing how the women became a family through the Womens Social and Political
Union.

Videography:
"Clip of the Week - the Suffragettes March, New York City, 1915." Video file,
0:29. YouTube. <https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Be9w6WjubkU>.
This video shows a peaceful march of suffragettes on Fifth Avenue. The suffragettes were
accompanied by by a band and were watch by thousands of New Yorkers. This source was
extremely helpful because I was able to see the suffragettes in action. The video was also
heartwarming and inspirational in that seeing these women march for their rights was very
empowering for me. The women held banners together in a peaceful and calm manner, which
was very different from what they were infamous for. Usually, these women are always seen to
be carrying out militant acts and conducting violent or dangerous acts of protest.

Number of Sources: 50