Name : V TH M ANH

Class: DH14AV
Code: 14128007

1. WHAT IS A LEARNER?
- Learner is a someone who is learning about a particular subject or how to
do something
- In my opinion: a learner is someone who remembers and understands
what teachers said or taught, he or she applies the knowledge which are
learned at school to the real life, they analyze and ask for everything that
they dont know. They might create something new by following the way
their teacher taught.
- For example : after being taught the simple past tense at school, the
student can make other sentences that are used in the past tense.
Or after learning a cooking course, learner can make a meal that is taught
at school by following their teachersinstruction.
2. HOW TO BE A GOOD LEARNER?
- Be organized
- Be prepared
- Pay attention in class
- Avoid distraction in class
- Take notes and review in free time
- Do homework before school
- Work hard
- Review the lessons after school
3. WHAT IS A TEACHER?
- A teacher is a person who inspires and encourages students to work hard.
One that teaches at school or one whose occupation is to instruct.
- In my opinion, a teacher is a person who has a good behavior, they
always help students to solve their problems . They take care of their
students. Besides teaching at school, a teacher might be a good friend
who shares the feelings with the students , always listen to their opinion.
- For example: a teacher will call home to message machine over and over
again trying to get through to the parents of the child who has been
missing from school for days without any reasons.
 A teacher will tell any child good job for any simple or complex
achievement.
A teacher can make students laugh by telling jokes or make them ask the
questions why if they dont understand.
4. HOW TO BE A GOOD TEACHER?
- Good behavior
- Sense of humor
- Help student to solve their problem
- Knowledgeable
- Good teaching skills
- Hard-working
- Understanding
- Responsibility
- Enthusiasm
- Patient
5. ATTENTION:
- Attention is the process of consciously focusing on a stimulus ( page 248)
- In my opinion, attention is the taking possession of the mind , it allow us
to focus on something specific in our environment, take the information
in mind and remember them.
- For example:
elementary: call out a word or phrase, students respond with another
word or phrase. I will ask : are you ready?, Ok. Lets count from 1 to
10 with me, I will say 1,2,3 and the student will say 4,5,6
middle school: do something unexpected or humorous, show the
students humanity. I will show them a series of pictures about items in
the kitchen , and ask them what it is by calling out all my students
6. PERCEPTION:
- Perception is the process people use to attach meaning to stimuli (page
250)
- In my opinion, perception is the way you think about or understand
something ; a state or process of being aware of something.
- For example:
elementary: I will show kindergarten students some pictures of fruits,
such as : apple, orange, lemon. And I say the name of them in English
and say again for the students. After that, I will ask can you show me
which picture is an apple?. I call on several children for their reactions.
 high school: I am teaching the simple past tense and I make a sentence
in the past tense, and ask the students to analyze this sentence ,then ask
them to give another example in the simple past tense.
7. ENCODING:
- Encoding is the process of representing information in long-term
memory.
- For example: in an English course, I will ask my students to remember a
favorite character that they have seen on the TV . I ask them to play a
role , descried the way they use the body language , their facial
expression , the way they act and their spelling.
8. PIAGETS STAGES:
SENSORIMOTOR(0-2):
- The baby just learns how their body works to then learn how to interact
with their environment.
For example: sucking, looking and grasping.
- The baby create habit or repeat interesting action or that bring pleasure.
- From 8-12 months , staring to imitation
- Object permanence is the awareness that an object continues to exist even
though the child can not see it or hear it
- From 18-24 months, staring to understand the world through mental
operation
PREOPERATIONAL(2-7)
- In the preoperational stage, perception dominates childrens thinking
- In this stage, children have a rapid growth in their vocabulary and
grammatical structures
For example: we goed to the zoo yesterday
- They pretend to be someone else
For example: a boy pretends to be a power ranger, and uses his
imagination to act as if he is fighting a bad guy.
CONCRETE OPERATIONAL(7-11):
- Children are able to see things from different points of view and to image
events that occur outside their own lives.
- They are able to:
order objects by size , color
understand that if 3+4=7 then 7-4=3
understand that a short wide cup can hold the same amount of liquid as
a tall thin cup.
understand a red square can belong to both the red category and the
square category
 FORMAL OPERATIONAL(11- adult):
- In this stage people develop the ability to solve problem more abstract
and logically
- Piaget used a test called the 'third eye problem' to determine one's full
transformation into the formal operational stage. Piaget asked children
where on their body they would put an extra eye and why. Children
around nine years old typically answered that the third eye should be
located on the forehead. However, children in the eleven year old range
typically suggested that a third eye should be placed on the hand for
seeing around corners. This answer characterizes the abstract thinking
and reasoning which characterizes the formal operational stage.
9. MEMORY:
- Memory is the process of maintaining information over time
- Memory is the means by which we draw on our past experiences in order
to use this information in the present.
- Stages of memory: encoding-storage-retrieval
- Sensory memory:
For example:
elementary: I speak one word at a time and ask my students to repeat
that word before speaking the second word.
Or I will show a picture of animals at a time and then ask them the name
of these animals before showing another picture.