1 / 30

2013
n _________

(1) (2)
(3)
n(n 2)
3 1
4 2
5 3
n ( n 2) n n( n 2)

2013
1, 2, 2,3,3,3, 4, 4, 4, 4,5,5,5,5,5, 2013 ____________
63
n(n 1)
1, 2,3, 4, , n, 1,3, 6,10, , ,
2
63 64 62 63
2016 1953 62 1953
2 2
63 2016 2013 63

2011
0 1
1 1
1 3
,
4 4
1 1
1 0 1
2 2
n n 1 1
____________

k
k [1, 2n ]
2n
1
2 x , 0 x
2
x y y
2(1 x) , 1
x 1

2
1
1 2
2

2 / 30
 1 1 3 y y
x 1
2 4 4 2 2

n 2n 2n
1 3 5 2n 3 2n 1
, , , , , n
2n 2n 2n 2n 2

2013
A1 A2 A3 A4 2 4,6,8,10,
A55

A5 A8
A1 A4

A2 A3
A6 A7

55 4 13 3 (13, 13)

2013

3 / 30
 11 1 n 1 1 n 1 1 n 1 _____________

2013

l 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
l 10 1l 100 101 110 111 1000

l 2 3 6

A. 61 B. 62 C. 63 D. 64
26 1 63

2013
1 2 3 n n n 1 / 2 n
n 1 n3 2n2 3n 1 12 22 32
3
n 2
(n 1)3 n3 3n2 3n 1
n3 (n 1)3 3(n 1)2 3(n 1) 1
(n 1)3 (n 2)3 3(n 2)2 3(n 2) 1

23 13 3 12 3 1 1
(n 1)3 1 3(12 22 n2 ) 3(1 2 n) n
3n(n 1)
n 3n 3n 1 1 3(1 2 n ) n
3 2 2 2 2

2
1 3 3 2 1 n(n 1)(2n 1)
1 2 n ( n n n)
2 2 2

3 2 2 6

2013
1,1, 2,6, 24


A. 48 B. 96 C. 120 D. 144
1, 2, 3, 4, 5 24 5 120

2013
1 1 1
____________
1 2 2 3 2012 2013

4 / 30
 ( 2 1) ( 3 2) ( 2013 2012 ) 2013 1

2013
21
x, y 3 3 x y ( x, y) ___________
4
3
( ,3)
2
21 21 12 3 21 2 108 2 3 3 3
3 3 3
4 2 2 2 2
3
( x, y ) ( ,3)
2

2013
21
a , b 3 3 a b a b ____________
4
3

2
21 21 12 3 21 2 108 2 3 3 3
3 3 3
4 2 2 2 2
3 3
a , b 3 a b
2 2

2013
a b c, b c a, c a b, a b c
0
a 0 b 0 c 0
a b c b a c c a b
a b c b a c c a b
a 0 a b c

b 0 a b c 0 b a c a b c 2(a b c) a b c 0
c 0 c a b
abc 0

2013
x, y, z x y yz 1 x y y z
2012 2013 3 3

z x ____________
3

x y 0, y z 1 x y x y y z z x 0 1 1 2
3 3 3

5 / 30
 x y 1 , y z 0 2

2013
2012 2013
1 1 4 b a
_____________
a2 b2 a2 b2 a b
2 0
1 1 4 a 2 b2 a 2 b2 a 2 b2
2 4
a 2 b2 a 2 b2 a2 b2 b2 a 2
a 2 b2 a 2 b2 a
2
2
2 2
2 1 1 -1 2 0
b a b a b

2013

a
1 1 2a a 2 a 2 2a 1
2 3

a 1 a2 a
a 2 3 1
(a 1)2 a 1 1 a
a 1
a 1 a(a 1) a(a 1)
1
a 1 2 3 2 3 1 3
a

2013
abc
a b ab
a b c abc
a , b a b p p
p2 b a
a p b a p 2 b 2 p b b
2p
a
a , b, c a b c q
a b q c a b 2 ab q 2 c 2q c
q2 c a b
ab q c ab q 2c
2
ab , q 2c q c c
a , b

2011
x x y y x y
x, y ____________
y x 1
2

6 / 30
 1
x 0, y 0 x 2
y 2 ( y 2 ) y2 y y y2 y
y
2 2
y 2 y 2 y
yy y
2y 2 2 y y 2 y
1 2
3y 2 y y3 3 y 3 3 33 x y 2 3 3
x y 1

2013
x 2 1 y z 2

2
y 2 z x
2

2
z 3 x y
2

( x y z )( x y z ) 1

( y z x)( y z x) 2
( z x y )( z x y ) 3

ab 1

x y z a, x y z b, x y z c ac 2
bc 3

6 6
a 2b 2 c 2 6 abc 6 (a, b, c) ( , ,1)
3 2
ab 5 6 ac 2 6 bc 3 6
x y z
2 12 2 3 2 4
5 6
x
12
2 6
y
3
3 6
z
4

2013
2 8
x ___________
2(1 x) 2(1 x)2 8

7 / 30


2013
bc ab ac
a, b, c k
a c b
y kx k 5
A. B.
C. D.
bc ab ac bcabac
k 2
a c b acb
y 2 x 2 5

2013

x a a
A. B. C. D.
D

2013
1
OA1 B1 B1 A2 B2 A1 , A2 y
3x
B1 , B2 x OA1 B1 B1 A2 B2

1 1
OA1 y 3 x y x , y 1
3x 3
1 y2 3
A1 ( ,1) S OB1 A1
3 3 3
1 5 1
B1 A2 y 3x 1 y y
3x 2
3 5
5 1 2
3 3 15
yA y
2
2 S B1 A2 B2 2
3 3 6

2013
20 20
(a)

8 / 30
 (b) 8 0 5
(c) 0 2
4 5

a 13t/h
b 15t/h
12 8
c 0:002:00 2t/h
2
x y 13 x 15 y 2
15 y 2 2y 2
x y
13 13
0 y 20 2 y 2 26 x 14, y 12
4:005:00
15 x 12 2 y 12
13x 15 y 12 x y
13 13
0 x 20 0 y 20 2 x 12 02 y 12 26
x 6, y 6 x 21, y 19 x 21
0:002:00 14 12
4:005:00 6 6

2013
10
10 7 . y x
y [ x] [ x] x

x 1 x2 x3 x4
A. y [ ] B. y [ ] C. y [ ] D. y [ ]
10 10 10 10
B

2013
100 120 300
l20 l l0 l
30

300 10( x 120), x 120

x y y
300 30(120 x),100 x 120

9 / 30
 1500 10 x, x 120
x y
3900 30 x,100 x 120
x 120
( x 100) y ( x 100)(1500 10 x) 10( x 100)(150 x)
10( x 2 250 x 15000) 10( x 125) 2 6250
x 125 6250
100 x 120
( x 100) y ( x 100)(3900 30 x) 30( x 100)(130 x)
30( x 2 230 x 13000) 30( x 115) 2 6750
x 115 6750
115

2013
x x2 mx 2 0 x2 2 x m 0
m _____________
x0 x0 mx0 2 0 x0 2 x0 m (m 2)( x0 1) 0
2 2

m 2 x0 1 m 3

2013
xy x y 17
x 4 x 3 y x 2 y 2 xy 3 y 4
x y xy 66
2 2

12499
x y a, xy b a b 17, ab 66
a 11 a 6

b 6 b 11
( x y)2 4 xy a 2 4b a 11, b 6
x4 x3 y x2 y 2 xy3 y 4 ( xy)2 ( x y)( x3 y3 ) b2 a( x3 y3 )
x3 y3 ( x y)( x2 y 2 xy) ( x y)3 3xy( x y) a3 3ab 1133
36 111133 12499

2011
x x2 (a 2) x a 1 0 x1 , x2 x1 x2 4
2 2

a ____________
3 11
(a 2)2 4(a 1) a2 8a 0 a 8 a 0
x1 x2 2 a x1 x2 a 1
x12 x22 ( x1 x2 )2 2 x1 x2 (2 a)2 2(a 1) a 2 6a 2 4
a 2 6a 2 0, a 3 11
a 8 a 0 a 3 11

10 /
30
2013
x1 , x2 x2 4 x 3 0 2 x1 (2 x22 5 x2 6) a 2
a ___________
x1 x2 4 x1 x2 3
2 x1 (2 x22 5 x2 6) 2 x1 (3x2 ) 6 x1 x2 18
a 2 18 16

2013
y 2 x 2 4 x 1 y 2 x2
A. 1 3 .
B. 1 3 .
C. 1 3 .
D. 1 3 .
y 2 x2 4 x 1 2( x 1)2 3 y 2 x2 1
3 1 3

2013
y x 2 2 x a a x1 , x2
y1 y 2 y1 y2 x1 , x2
x
A. 1 1 x2 1 x
B. 1 1 x2 1 |
C. 1x 1|| x2 1| D. | x1 1|| x2 1|
D

2011
y 2 x2 px 5 x 2 y x
x p y ____________
y 69
p p
2 2 p 8
4 4
f ( p) 2 p p 5 p 5 64 5 69 y 69
2 2 2

2013
y ax2 bx c x M , N R MNR
b 2 4ac _____________
3 3
yR MN 12
2 4a 2 a

2013
Rt ABC y x 2 x

A. h 1 B. 0 h 1 C. 1 h 2 D. h 2
B

11 /
30
2013
a 1x 2 a 3x 2a 8
f ( x) D f ( x) 0 D
2a 1x 2 a 1x a 4
a
15 16 2 15 16 2
a 1 a a
7 7
2 x 10
a 1 f ( x)
3x 2 5
3 2 7
x x7
1 2 2
a f ( x)
2 3 7
x
2 2
1
a 1,
2
x
x 2
2 f ( x )

2x2 4 x 6
a 1 f ( x ) f ( x) 2 0
x2 2x 3
a 1 x
x
3
2 (a 1)2 4(2a 1)(a 4) 7a 2 38a 15 (a 5)(7 a 3) 5,
7
1 (a 3)2 4(a 1)(2a 8) 7a 2 30a 41
15 16 2
7
3
2 0 a 5 a
7
3 a 1 0
a 2a 1 0
7 1 0
15 16 2
a
7
a 1 0
a 5 2a 1 0
1 0
15 16 2
a
7
15 16 2 15 16 2
a 1 a a
7 7

2013
x 2 x 1 0 a , b f a b, f b a, f 1 1
f x

12 /
30
 a b 1, ab 1 a 2 a 1 b 2 b 1 0
f ( x) cx2 mx n
f (1) c m n 1
f (a) ca ma n b
2

f (b) cb2 mb n a
c(a b)(a b) m(a b) b a
a b a b 1 c m 1
n 2
b ca2 ma n c(a 1) ma 2 (c m)a c 2 a c 2
c 2 a b 1 c 1 m 0 f ( x) x2 2

2013
x 2 (a 3) x 3 0 1 2
a ______________
1
f (1) f (2) 0 (a 1)(2a 1) 0 1 a
2
3 a
x1 x2 x1 3 x1 3 a 3 2 3
2

2
1
a 1 a a 3 2 3
2

2013
y x2 2(m 1) x 2m2 2
m

x 2 3
(m 1, m2 2m 3) m y x2 4x
m y x2 4x
x A( x1 ,0) B( x2 ,0) x2 x1 2 3
x1 x2 2(m 1)

x1 x2 2m 2
2

( x2 x 1 ) ( x1 x2 ) 4 x1 x2
2 2

12 4(m 1)2 4(2m2 2) m 0 2

m 0 y x2 2 x 2 m 2 y x2 6 x 6

2013
a 2 2ab b2 | b |
y ax 2 (a b) x b
a
_____________

13 /
30
 ba
a 0 b 0 0 b a 0
2a
a 2 2ab b 2 b (b a) b
1
a a

2013
Rt ABC A 90, AB a, AC b AC E BC
R BE EF AE x SEFC y yx
ax(b x)2
y
2(a 2 bx)
DF CD DFb
F FD CE D CD
AB CA a
DF DE DFa
FDE EAB DE
AE AB x
b x ax(b x )
b a DF
CE CD DE DF ( ) CE b x b a bx a 2
a x
a x
1 ax(b x) 2
y S CEF CEDF
2 2(bx a 2 )

2013
OABC x y OA 10
OC 6 P, Q O, A P OA
OA Q AB AB P
1
1
Q t
2
CPQ Q
COP PAQ Q
Q a a OCP, PAQ
CBQ a Q

14 /
30
 1
SCPQ SOABC SOCP SPAQ SBCQ (t 6) 21 0 t 10
2

4
t 6 SCPQ 21 Q (10,3)
1
OC QA t
1 2 2
6
OP PA
t 10 t
1 2
t 6t 60 0 t1 6 2 39 t2 6 2 39
2
6 10 t

1 3 t 1 t 7 t 6 2 39 7
t
2
7
Q (10, 3 39) (10, ) COP PAQ
2
P, Q t OP t , AQ at
OC PA BC 6 10 t 10
1 3 4
OP AQ BQ t at 6 at
4 8
t1 2, t2 18 a Q (10, )
3 3
1 3 5 CPQ CQP 90
OC AQ BC 6 at 10
1 2 4
OP PA BQ t 10 t 6 at
5t 2 36t 180 0 0
1 2 5 1 PCB 5 a
a OCP PAQ CBQ
4 8
a Q (10, )
3 3

2013
500 60 70 A
B A 3 B 2
_____________
60 3 70 2 320 180
60 x 70 y 180
( x, y ) (0, 0), (0,1), (0, 2), (1, 0), (1,1), (1, 2), (2, 0), (3, 0) 8

2011
a, b, c a 2 2ab 2ac 4bc 20 a b c

15 /
30
 ____________
2 3
a2 2ab 2ac 4bc a(a 2b) 2c(a 2b) (a 2c)(a 2b) 20
a 2b a 2c 2
20 (a 2b)(a 2c) ( ) (a b c) 2
2
a b c 2 5 2 5

2013
1 1
x, y xy 1 , 4
4
x 9y
2 5
A. B. C. 1 D. 2
3 4
1 1 1 2 2
4
4 2 4 4
2 2
x 9y 9x y 3x y 3

2011
min a, b, c a , b, c x, y
1 1
M min x, , y ____________
y x
2
1 1 1 1
x y M min{ , , x y}
x y x y
1 1 1 1 1
x y M min{ , , x y} min{ , x y}
x y x y x
1 1 1
1 x y M min{ , x y}
x x x

1
x y 1 1 1
x x x x 2
x 2 x
x y
1
x y M max 2
2
1 1
2 x y M min{ , x y} x y
x x
1
x y
x 1 1 1
x y 2y y
1 1 y x
x y 2
x y
1 y y2 4
x y x yx 1 0 x
2

x 2

16 /
30
 1 1
4
y y 4
2
2 2
x y 2
2 2
M max 2 M max 2

2013
x 2 n
5 n
x n
1
n 3, 2 n 1 4
3 n 4 2 2 n 1 5
n 4 2 n 2 6
3 n 4

2013
a 0 1 ax 2 2 ax 3
a ____________
1 2
1 ax 2 3 x 3
a a
1
b b x 2b 3
a
2.5 b 3 3 b 3.5 b 4
2 ax 3 2b x 3b
b 4 8 x 12 b 3.5 7 x 10.5
3 b 3.5 6 2b 7 9 3b 10.5 (2b,3b)
2b 7 2 1 3
4 a
3b 10 7 b 10
2 3
2.5 b 3 (2b,3b) 3 a a
7 10

2011
ABCD 1 E F AB BC
____________

3
DE , DF AC M , N M , N AC
1 1 1 1 1
S DMN S DAM S DNC S AME S DAM S NFC
2 3 6 2 12

17 /
30
 1 2
S 1
3 3

2013
AB CB 1 ABC ABC
A

C (B)

A B (C) (A)

1 135 270 3 1
SBAC S BCC ' SC'CA' 2 S
4 2 360 360 4 2

2013
AB O CDMN DEFG C , D, E
AB F , N AB 10 CDMN DEFG
_____________

CD a DE b OD x a2 (a x)2 R2 b2 (b x)2
a2 b2 (a b)(a b) (b x)2 (a x)2 (b a)(b a 2x)
a b b a 2 x b a x a2 (a x)2 a2 b2 R2 25

2013
ABCD 2AE BE ABE , DEC BE , EC
D ' E ' A ' 15 ECB _____________

18 /
30
 E
A D

A'

B C

D'

37.5
AEB A ' EB DEC D ' EC
D ' EA ' BEA ' CED ' BEC (180 ( ))
2( ) 180 15
97.5 60 37.5

ABCD A B B C C D 0
84
A B B C C D x 0 C D x B C x D 2 x
A B x D 3x
A B C D 4 D 6 x 360 2 D 3x 180 B C A D
D 84 x 4 C 88, B 92, A 96
C 84 D x B 96 x 8 D 72 A 108
B 84 C 96 B
A 84 D 96 A
88,92, 96 72,96,108

2013
P D AB PC D C APC
AC Q PQC
A.30 B.45 C.50 D.60

BC PQ D ACB 90
PQC A APQ PCB CPQ CDQ PQC 45

19 /
30
2013
ABC O E , F BC BF BA CE CA
O AEF
B 40, C 30 EOF

OB, OC , OA, OE , OF
O ABO CBO
BOAF OA OF
BA BF
OE OF
O AEF
ABC ACB
AFB 90 70 AEC 90 75
2 2
EAF 180 AEF AFE 35
EOF 2EAF 70

2013
ABCD ABDC DC 2 AB 2 AD, BD 6, BC 4
SABCD _____________

DC E AE
CEBD AEBC

AD AB DE BC BD
AE BD
BDE ABD ADB
BDBC 1
S BCD 12 S ABD S BCD 6 SABCD 18
2 2

2013
ABC AC 3, BC 4, AB 5 DE AB BDE
ABC BD _____________

20 /
30
 3 ACCB 3 2 16 4 3
BD x DE x BDDE x 4 x
4 3 4 3 3

2013
ABC AB 2, AC 3, A BCD 45 BC BDC

2 6
C CEAB AB E CE AE AC
2 2
6 4 6
BE 2
2 2
BC 2 CE 2 BE 2 BC 7 2 6 6 1
D DFBC CB F DF=CF=x
DF CE
BF x BC x 1 6 RtDFBRtCEB
BF BE
6
2 x 3 2 6
x

x 1 6 4 6 2
2
1 1 3 2 6 9 6
SBCD BC DF ( 6 1)
2 2 2 4

2013
ABCD AE BC E AF CD F EAF 45
AE AF 2 2 ABCD ____________

C 135 BAD BAE FAD 90

AB AD AB AD
FAD D 90 BAE ADF 2
AE AF AE AF

21 /
30
 AB AD 4 8

2011
ABCD ABC BAD 90 AB 16 AC BD
E E EF AB F O AB FE EO 8
AD BC ____________
16
B A(0,16) C ( a, 0) D (b,16) O (0,8)
1 1 1 ab ab
EF xE
EF AD BC ab ab
16 16 16a
BD y x y E xE
b b ab
a 2b 2 (8a 8b) 2
OE x ( yE 8)
2 2

ab
E

EF OE
ab a 2b 2 64(a b) 2
8
ab
64(a b) 2
a b 64(a b) ab 8(a b)
2 2 2

a 2b 2 64(a b)2 ab
8(a b) 2
a b 64(a b) ab
2 2 2

ab
( a b) 2 32ab
2ab 8( a b )
ab ab
a b 16 AD BC 16

2013
P AB OP P PC OP PC O C
AP 4 PB 2 PC
A.2 B.3 C. 2 D. 2 2

22 /
30
 CP O D AP PB CP PD OP CD CP PD
AP PB PC 2 PC 2 2

2013
1 ABCD A B, C AEF
EF BC

A. B. C. D.
6 4 3 2
60
AB AC BC 2 1
360 3

2013
ABC 1 M , N , P BC , AB BM x
CN y AP z x y z 1
x, y, z MNP
MNP

1 3 3
S BMP BMBPsin 60 BMBP x(1 z )
2 4 4
3 3 3 3
S CMN CMCN y (1 x) S ANP APAN z (1 y )
4 4 4 4
S MNP S ABC S BMP S CMN S ANP
3
(1 x(1 z ) y (1 x) z (1 y))
4

23 /
30
 3 3
(1 x y z xy yz zx) ( xy yz zx)
4 4
1
( x y z)2 3( xy yz zx) xy yz zx
3
1 3 1 3 3
x y z S MNP S MNP
3 4 3 12 12

2011
PA O A APO 30 AH PO H PBC
HC HB
O B C
BC

OC , OB B OP HC Q HOCCOP
HBCO HQ HB
1
HC HB HC HQ QC QC : BC HC : PC
2

2013
AB O C BA C A
OC M O D DCB M
E
CD O 1
1
EF AB F 2 EF OA
2
E CB CD N NA O
3 EOC

1 2 3

1 OD OD O
2 OC M
CDO 90 CD O
OC M EF M P OD

24 /
30
 1
EF CO EF PF EP, EO PO
2
CE DCB DCE ECO DE OE, OD EP
1 1
OD EP EF OD OA
2 2

3 OE CD K OF=xEF=y OA=2y
NE//CBEFCBNA O A AFEN
NE AF OA OF 2 y x E OK
N CK CO 2NE 2(2 y x)
CF CO OF 4 y 3x
EF AB, CE EO Rt CEF Rt EOF
y y
EF 2 CF OF y 2 x(4 y 3x) 3 1
x x
y EF y
3 tan EOC 3
x OF x
y
1 C A
x
tan EOC 3

2013
ABC CA 5, AB 6, BC 7 A ' B ' C ' A ' A B ' B
A ' B ' C ' ABC A ' B ' C ' A ' BC
3 B ' AC 1 C ' AB

A
A'

C' B'
B C

A ' BC l1 B ' AC l2 M

25 /
30
 1 21 1 5
S BMC BC 3 S AMC AC 1
2 2 2 2
CA CB AB
ABC p 9
2
Helon S ABC p( p a)( p b)( p c) 9 2 3 4 6 6
S ABM S ABC S AMC S
6 6 13BMC
1 13
M AB d S ABM ABd 6 6 13 d 2 6
2 3
l1 AB, AC D, E l2 AB, BC F , G
l1BC
MECG C EMG
l2AC
A ' A
C ' C
B ' B C ' EMG
C EMG
B ', C ', A ', M
A ' C ' MB '

l2AC BFG A C ' MB ' BFG
A A '
C ' M BA
13
C ' AB M AB 2 6
3

2013
_____________
3
3
8
2013
5
1 1 1 1
A. B. C. D.
4 6 9 12
4 1

36 9

2013
1,3, 2, 2, a, b, c 3 2
____________
a b 3 1 3 3 2 2 c 2 7 c 0
(1 2) 2 (3 2) 2 3 (0 2) 2 8
2
7 7

2013
4 5 6

26 /
30
 255520

A. 4.9 B. 4.95 C. 5 D. 5.05
4 25% 5 55% 6 20% 1 2.75 1.2 4.95

2013
3
27 l

_____________
0 1 1 6 6 2 12 12

12 4
3 8 8

27 9
2013
8 7


A.l B.2 C.3 D.4
[log3 8] 2 8 3,3, 2 2 3

2013
25 5 5 #
______________

1 4 9 4 1 19

2013
n n ______
4
5 5
5 5405 108

4 90 4 2
6
3

2011

27 /
30
 x ax 7 bx 5 x 2 x 12 a , b x 2
8 x 2 ____________
40
a27 b25 22 2 12 8 a27 b25 26
a(2)7 b(2)5 (2)2 (2) 12 (a27 b25 ) 4 2 12
26 4 2 12 40

2013

x 1 x 4 k
2 2

k ___________
x
a, a, b, b a b 0
a b b (b) a 3b
(b2 1)(b2 4) (a2 1)(a2 4) (9b2 1)(9b2 4)
b 4 5b 2 4 81b 4 45b 2 4
1 7
80b 4 40b 2 b k (b 1)(b 4)
2 2 2

2 4

2011
A 10 B
30 10
C ____________ B

60

2011

a , b, c d
a b c S a b c d
abcd a bcd a bcd
3 , ,
a b c
S S S
, , d
a b c
2
d 2a, d 2b, d 2c
S a b c d c c c 2c
5
c c c

28 /
30
 c
c cc 5 S
ab cd S a bcd 2 5 5
2 2 c
c c c 2
S
34
c
3 4
S a b c d a 2 a 2a 2 a
7
a a a
S a b c d b b 2b 2b
6
b b b
S S S S S
4 4 5 6 5
c b c b b
S S S
7 5 6 S 4c 5b 6a
a b a
3 6
c a, b a
2 5
3 6
a a ad
S abcd 2 5 37 d
6
a a a 10 a
23 S
d a 2a d 2a 3 S 3c
10 c
S S 3c
7 6 6 c 2a
a a a
S S S S S
5 3 5 4
a c b a b
S 3c 4b 5a
5 5
5 5 a a ad
c a, b a S a b c d 4 3
3 4 5
a a a
13 13 13 13
d a d a b c
12 12 15 20
a b c d a b c d c a 99
k 13
12 15 20 13 12 15 20 13 8 8
k 8 a 96
k 10 11 12 a 144 c 200
k 9 a 108, b 135, c 180, d 117

2013
a, b, c abc bc ca ab a b c 7
_____________
3
a b c 1 S
4

2013
p x 2 2 px p 2 5 p 1 0
p

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4 p2 4( p 2 5 p 1) 4(5 p 1)
5 p 1 5 p 1 n2 n 5 p (n 1)( n 1)
5 (n 1)(n 1) 5 (n 1)5 (n 1)

5 (n 1) n 1 5k p k (5k 2)
p k 1 p 7 x 2 14 x 13 0 x1 1 x2 13

5 (n 1) n 1 5k p k (5k 2) k 1 p 3
x 2 6 x 7 0 0 x1 1 x2 7
p 3 7

2013
n x y
x y 1 x n 1 y n 1 n
_____________
n x y n 1 px n 1 qy x y 1 px qy
( p 1) x y 1 x 1 ( p 2) x 1 p, x
p 1 x y 1 x
p 2 0 x 1 ( p 2) x 1 0
p 2 x y 1 2 x y 1 x
2y 2 2
x y 1 2 y 2 qy q 2 y 1 2
y y
x 2 3 2

2013
n 2 2n 1 n 2 2n 1
n2 41 16 n 15
n n
n 2 2n 1 0 n 1 2 0
n 2 2n 1 1 n 1 3
n 2 2n 1 1 n 0 2
n 2 41 16n 15 n 2 16n 26 0 n 8 3 10
16n 15 113 48 10
n2 2n 1 16n 26 2n 1 14n 25 137 42 10 0
n 8 3 10 8

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