EL TEXTO DE CHEMICAL ELEMENTS PUESTO EN PASADO

Elements made up everything in the world. Elements were the basic substances that
we could not divide into simpler substances. We grouped elements by the things they had in
common what they looked like, how they reacted with other substances, if they conducted
electricity, etc. We grouped elements into nine official groups. The element, Hydrogen was
in a group by itself. It was different from all the other elements.
Hydrogen was a basic substance. 90% of all atoms in the universe were hydrogen
atoms. Hydrogen atoms were the lightest atoms. Hydrogen got its name from the scientist
Lavoisier. Lavoisier noticed that hydrogen atoms were always present in water. The word
root Hydro meant water. Therefore, it was intuitive to represent hydrogen with the letter
H.
The second group was the alkaline-earth metals. You could find these elements in
the earths crust. They reacted with water. This group of elements contained elements such
as Calcium. Calcium was a basic substance founded in substances like milk and chalk. It
was a member of the second group of elements. Some other members of the second group
were beryllium and magnesium.
The third group was the alkali metals. These elements reacted very strongly with
water. They might even explode if they touch water. This group of elements contained
elements such as Sodium. Sodium was an element founded in table salt. Scientists
represented sodium with the letters Na. Some other members of the third group were lithium
and potassium.
The fourth group of elements included metals. It was the largest group of elements. It
included iron, silver, gold, nickel, platinum and titanium. Elements in this group conducted
electricity. They were hard and shiny. Members of this group were called the transition
metals.
The fifth group of elements was the actinides. The elements in this group were
radioactive metals. Most of the members of this group were synthetic elements. They
were non-natural elements. They were made in special labs. Some members of this group
were uranium and plutonium.
The sixth group of elements was the lanthanides. Some people called this group the
rareearth elements. Some people called them the innertransition elements. These metals
were silver or silverywhite. They conducted electricity very well. They tarnished when they
came into contact with air.
The seventh group consisted of the nonmetals. Carbon was a member of this group.
Every living thing depended on carbon. Oxygen was also a member of this group. We took
in oxygen and exhale carbon dioxide (which was a combination of carbon and oxygen)
when we breathed.
The eighth group consisted of the inert gases. They were called inert gases because
they did not react easily with other substances. Most of these gases were presented in lighting.
When a current of electricity went through neon, it glowed red. Some other members of this
group were argon and xenon. This group was sometimes called Group Zero or Group 0.
The ninth group consisted of the poor metals. These metals were different from
the metals in the fourth group because these metals were soft. These metals melted easily.
They also mixed well with other metals to form alloys. Both lead and aluminum were
poor metals.
The last group consisted of the semimetals. The members of this group were like
metals in some ways. They were also like nonmetals in some ways. Some semimetals
were arsenic and bismuth. Depending on which other substances touched them, they could
be conductors of electricity or they could insulate, or protect, substances from electricity.
Some scientists called the semimetals double metals because of their structure.

Presentado por: Alejandro Crdenas Aristizbal. Cdigo: 9.738.237