The Eye and Correcting Vision

The Eye

The cornea a transparent

window with a convex shape
and a high refractive index.
This does most of the focusing
of the light in the eye
The iris the coloured part of
the eye made up of muscles.
These control the size of the
pupil and therefore the light
intensity
The pupil the hole in the middle of the iris
The lens this changes shape to focus light from varying
distances. Its connected to the ciliary muscles by the
suspensory ligaments
The ciliary muscles when these contract, tension is released
and the lens takes on a fat, spherical shape
The suspensory ligaments these pull the lens into a thinner,
flatter shape when the ciliary muscles relax
The retina this is where images are formed. This is covered in
light-sensitive cells which detect light and then send signals to
the brain along the optic nerve to be processed

Correcting Vision
Short Sight - corrected with diverging lenses
- Short sighted people cant focus on distant
objects
- This is because the eyeball is too long or the
cornea and lens are too strong
- Therefore, a focused image cant be produced
where it is meant to be on the retina
 - Instead, the focused image of distant objects
appears in front of the retina
- The diverging lens with a negative power
corrects short sightedness by diverging the
light before it enters the lens so a focused
image can be formed on the retina

Long Sight corrected with converging lenses

- Long sighted people cant focus on near
objects
- This is because the eyeball is too short or the
cornea and lens are too weak
- Therefore, a focused image cant be produced
where it is meant to be on the retina
- Instead, the focused image of near objects
appears behind the retina
- The converging lens with a positive power
corrects long sightedness by converging the
light before it enters the lens so a focused
image can be formed on the retina