Professional Documents
Culture Documents
GUIDELINES
FOR
IWESTIGA TION DA TA
CARRYING CAPACITY OF
SLNGLE PILES FOR
DESIGN OF mDRED AND
CAST IN-SITU REINFORCED
CONCRETE PILES
Published by
'Savsiripaya'
C o l o 07
~
I hope that t b document wiEl help the pmcticing Geotechnical E n g k a s in designing pile
foundations.
This Guiddine was published by the Technology DtvtIopment Division of ICTAD and
was draaed by a p d of experts &m Sri hnka Gsotdmical Suckty. under the
@- Of W d h$
Of~of;essi~d ZnduSty.
Cbn~tnrdOn
DISCLAIMER
Whilst all care and efforts have been made to ensure the proper productibn of this
doument and its contents, neither does the Dtaftiag Capmittcc nor the ICTAD aaxpt any
liability for problems, lX&ultie8 or Conmmny arising from the usage of these
guidelines.
Estimation of ultimate value of end resistance per unit area of b w (Q
Estimation of ultimate &in friction cotfficicnt per unit s u m a
m of shaft (Q,
Despite the considerable progress that has k n m e during the Lsst few decades in
understanding the interaction of a pile and the surrounding soil, the design of pile
foundations is still very much an art with empirical methods based on experience stiU
being used in estitnating the M n g capacity of piles. Therefore, the methods given in
this dwument for. the interpretation of site investigation data should merely serve as
guidelines, and the actd carrying capacity ofpilw should still be confirmed ushg pile
loadtestS. *
When such piles are founded on sands or clays, the behaviour o f the group is different
from that of a single pile. Therefore, in such W, group effect should be considered.
Therefore, from a static analysis, the ultimate wrying capacity of a single pile can be
obtained as
General
The skin fktion that is devclopbd on a pile shaft is influenced considerably by the method of
constnrction. Therefore, the wtimtes given in this &on should only serve as guidehus for
hign.
fUf,&xp(d)tan 6
Fof botad and cast in-situ piles, K, is related to the 1K, value as follows:
(KJKJ = 0.70 to l
I .
, Pwwff(nc)ndy~tedclaysluad~,d=l
,Itis m m m ~ ~ d to
c duse
<
-
1
f,, 2x N w/rnZ,
When piles are founded on sands and clays, the ~ m c n t that
s take place are those oi the pile
group and not of the individual pile.
4,2
The settlement (S,) af a single pile under working load should be first determined.
The settlement (9of the pile group is then given by
The set&lementof a pile group in clays should be determined using mnddation theory assuming
that the pile group behaves as an equivalent raft which has dimensions in plan equal to the
overall dimensions of the group and which can bt assumed to be located at a depth of (2/3) of
the length of the piles.
When the soii is setting 'downwards relative to a pile, no suppott for cumpressivc loads from
skin friction can be assumed over the length of the pile shaft.
On the conrrary, the settling soil taus a drag down force on the pile.
caluw.on t h m g n w e o f the:negativeskin friction is s cbmptex problem in which several
facms are ulved. Calculations can be done either.using Effective S- Analysis W Total
-
whcrc
This is appropriate for clay A s , and the methd given in Sec. 3.3 can be used.
.&l
Using the notations given in Sec. 1.4;
W3 '1sa.L W dI!d 8 WmJ WWWP
S! % u r npua U!, pm1 almu!qn JI
d o w ~ t ~ ~ W i n a s h i n ~ e f J @ b ~ & t ~
of a &gle pib.
uaod in group, (the n m k , diPmcCr
Md spacing & p w g 0.
;rhe~arhouldmMh~~tyofthtpihsefoo
0 bad-alimitiag HtkmaltJ*