Enthalpy

Enthalpy is the measurement of energy in a thermodynamic

system. It is the thermodynamic quantity equivalent to the total
heat content of a system. It is equal to the internal energy of the
system plus the product of pressure and volume

Boiling Point and Concentration

When a solute is added to a solvent, the vapor pressure of the

solvent (above the resulting solution) is less than the vapor
pressure above the pure solvent. The boiling point of a solution,
then, will be greater than the boiling point of the pure solvent
because the solution (which has a lower vapor pressure) will need
to be heated to a higher temperature in order for the vapor
pressure to become equal to the external pressure (i.e., the boiling
point).

The boiling point of the solvent above a solution changes as the

concentration of the solute in the solution changes (but it does not
depend on the identity of either the solvent or the solute(s)
particles (kind, size or charge) in the solution).

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1. Hypothesis: The higher the value of concentration, the higher

the boiling point and enthalpy.

Basis:

Typically concentration is measured by the ratio of the amount

of substance divided by the volume of solution. One way of
expressing concentration is molarity.

Molarity= (mols solute)/Liters of solution

Mols of solute=Molarity*Liters of solution

 And thus, by increasing concentration (Molarity), the amount of
substance (mols of solute is increased.Whenever a non-volatile
substance is dissolved in a solvent, the boiling point of the solvent
increases. The higher the concentration (molarity), the higher the
boiling point.

Boiling point is expressed in temperature, a unit which refers to

the kinetic energy of particles due to energy (enthalpy). And thus,
analogously, the increase in concentration increases the enthalpy of
reaction.

2. Quantitative Observations

Amount Mols of Boiling Amount Mols of Boiling

of Liquid 1 Point (in of Liquid 2 Point
Liquid 1 (Conce Kelvin) Liquid 2 (Conce with
poured ntration poured ntration Liquid 2
*Volum *Volum (in
e of e of Kelvin)
Liquid Liquid
1) 2)

Trial 1 10cm^ 2cm^3

3

Trial 2 10cm^ 2cm^3

3

Trial 3 10cm^ 2cm^3

3

For enthalpy

Enthalpy = mc*(change in temp)

Where m is the mass of the material

 C is the coefficient of latent heat

Change in temp is Temp final - Temp initial

3. Qualitative Observations

Amount Mols of Qualitat Amount Mols of Qualitat

of Liquid 1 ive of Liquid 2 ive
Liquid 1 (Conce Observ Liquid 2 (Conce Observ
poured ntration ations poured ntration ations
*Volum *Volum
e of e of
Liquid Liquid
1) 2)

Trial 1 10cm^ 2cm^3

3

Trial 2 10cm^ 2cm^3

3

Trial 3 10cm^ 2cm^3

3