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Machine Coolant Types Advantages vs.

Disadvantages
Straight Oils
Advantages Disadvantages
Excellent lubricity Poor heat dissipation
Good rust protection Increased risk of fire
Good sump life Increased risk of smoking
Easy maintenance Increased risk of misting
Rancid resistant Oil film on work piece
Limited to low-speed, severe cutting
operations

Soluble Oils
Advantages Disadvantages
Good lubrication More susceptible to rust problems
Improved cooling capabilities Susceptible to bacterial growth
Good rust protection Susceptible to tramp oil contamination
General-purpose product for light Susceptible to evaporation losses
to heavy-duty operations Increased maintenance costs
May form precipitates on machine
Misting
Oily film on work piece

Synthetic
Advantages Disadvantages
Excellent microbial control Reduced lubrication
Resistance to rancidity May cause misting
Relatively nontoxic May cause foaming
Transparent May cause dermatitis
Nonflammable / nonsmoking May emulsify tramp oil
Good corrosion control May form residues
Superior cooling qualities Easily contaminated by other fluids
Reduced misting / foaming
Easily separated from work / chips
Good settling / cleaning properties
Easy maintenance
Long service life
Used for a wide range of machining
applications

Semi Synthetics
Advantages Disadvantages
Good microbial control Water hardness affects stability
Resistance to rancidity May cause misting
Relatively nontoxic May cause foaming
Nonflammable / nonsmoking May cause dermatitis
Good corrosion control May emulsify tramp oil
Good cooling May form residues
Good lubrication Easily contaminated by other fluids
Reduced misting / foaming
Easily separated from work / chips
Good settling / cleaning properties
Easy maintenance
Long service life
Used for a wide range of applications

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