(Ktyyana-stra)

Skt. Ktyyana-stra / Pli, Kaccna-

gotta-sutta

301

-2-

Non-dualistic Middle Path of

the Ktyyana-stra

Yao-ming Tsai
Professor, Department of Philosophy,
National Taiwan University

Abstract
Employing the Ktyyana-stra as the main literary source, this
article explores Buddhist non-dualistic middle way doctrine by rendering
a word-for-word translation and philosophical interpretation. This article
is divided into five sections. Section one offers a broad outline of this
articles argument and a breakdown of its individual sections. Section
two briefly introduces literary genres and textual themes of the
Ktyyana-stra. Along the lines of grammatical analysis and textual
comparison, section three provides a new Chinese translation of the
extant Sanskrit version of the Ktyyana-stra. Section four constructs
the doctrine of non-dualistic middle way in the Ktyyana-stra. Section
five concludes and summarizes the main points of this article.

Keywords: Ktyyana-stra, Kaccna-gotta-sutta, Sanskrit, non-duality,

middle way.

Ktyyana-stra -3-

Skt. Ktyyana-stra / Pli, Kaccna-

gotta-sutta
2

301

1
20141018Ktyyana-stra



~NSC 101-2410-H-
002 -072-MY3

2

Ngrjuna
Mla-madhyamaka-krikBhvbhva-park
Svabhva-park
-4-

()

Ktyyana-stra,
Chandrabhl Triph, Fnfundzwanzig Stras des Nidnasayukta
(Sanskrittexte aus den Turfanfunden, vol. 8), Berlin: Akademie-Verlag,
1962, pp. 167-170. 301
GuabhadraT. 99, vol. 2, pp. 85c-86a.
Kaccna-gotta-sutta, Bhikkhu Bodhi
(tr.), SN 12.15, The Connected Discourses of the Buddha, Boston:
Wisdom, 2000, p. 544.

Ktyyana-stra -5-

(1) http://suttacentral.net/sf168/skt#19.1
(2) http://www.jayarava.org/texts/Sanskrit-Katyayana-Sutra.pdf.

()

301

(1) bhagavn ndiky viharati gujakvasathe.4

3

4




nominative / accusative /
-6-

bhagavn: [-vant]
ndiky (Without sandhi: ndikym): [-]

viharati: 3h
vi
gujakvasathe: gujakgujak+vasathe,
[-a]gujak, vasatha,

Ndik

(2) athyumn sandh-ktyyano yena bhagavs tenpajagma.5

atha:
yumn: [-mant]

sandh-ktyyano (Without sandhi: sandh-ktyyana):
sandh+ktyyana, [-a]
Sandh, raddh, ktyyana,

yenatena:
bhagavs (Without sandhi: bhagavn): [-vant]

instrumental / dative /
ablative / genitive / locative /
vocative /
5


Ktyyana-stra -7-

upajagma: 3gam
upa

yumn sandh-
ktyyana

(3) uptya, bhagavat-pdau iras vanditvaiknte stht.6

uptya (Without sandhi: upa+itya):
iupa
bhagavat-pdau: bhagavat+pdau, [-a]
bhagavat, pda,
iras: [-as]
vanditv: vand
eknte: eka+ante, [-a]
eka, 1; anta,
stht (Without sandhi: astht): 3
sth

(4) eknta-sthita yumn sandh-ktyyano bhagavantam idam

avocat.7
eknta-sthita (Without sandhi: eknta-sthita):
eka+anta+sthita. eka, 1; anta,

6

7

-8-

sthita, sth

yumn: [-mant]

sandh-ktyyano (Without sandhi: sandh-ktyyana):

bhagavantam: [-vant]
idam:
avocat: 3 vac

(5) samyag-di samyag-dir iti bhadanta ucyate.8

samyag-di: samyak+di, [-i]
samyak, di,

samyag-dir iti (Without sandhi: samyag-di iti):
iti,
bhadanta: [-a]
ucyate: 3vac

(6) kiyat samyag-dir bhavati.9

8


Ktyyana-stra -9-

kiyat: kiyat

samyag-dir (Without sandhi: samyag-di):

bhavati: 3 bh

(7) kiyat tathgata samyag-di prajapayamna prajapayati.10

kiyat: kiyat

tathgata: [-a]
samyag-di (Without sandhi: samyag-dim):

prajapayamna:
j
pra
prajapayati:
3 j pra

9

10

- 10 -

(8) evam ukto bhagavn yumanta sandh-ktyyanam idam

avocat.11
evam
ukto (Without sandhi: ukta):
vac
bhagavn: [-vant]
yumanta (Without sandhi: yumantam):
[-mant]
sandh-ktyyanam:
idam:
avocat: 3 vac

(9) dvaya nirito ya ktyyana loko yad bhyasstit ca

nirito nstit ca. 12
dvaya (Without sandhi: dvayam): [-a]
dva2ya
nirito (Without sandhi: nirita):
rini
ya (Without sandhi: ayam):
loka.

11

12


Ktyyana-stra - 11 -

ktyyana:
loko (Without sandhi: loka):
[-a]
yad bhyas (Without sandhi: yat bhyas):

astit (Without sandhi: astitn): [-a]
asasti3
t
ca:
nirito (Without sandhi: nirita):
rini
nstit (Without sandhi: nstitn): na+ astitn,
na, astitn,
ca:

dvaya
astitnstit

(10) upadhy-updna-vinibaddho ya ktyyana loko yad utstit

ca nirito nstit ca.13
upadhy-updna-vinibaddho (Without sandhi: upadhy-updna-
vinibaddha):
upadhi+updna+vinibaddha, [-a]
upadhi, updna,

13

- 12 -

vinibaddha,
ya (Without sandhi: ayam):
loka.
ktyyana:
loko (Without sandhi: loka): [-a]

yad uta (Without sandhi: yat uta):
astit (Without sandhi: astitn): [-a]
asasti3
t
ca:
nirito (Without sandhi: nirita):
rini
nstit (Without sandhi: nstitn): na+ astitn,
na, astitn,
ca:

upadhi
updna
vinibaddha

(11) etni ced upadhy-updnni cetaso dhihnbhinivenuayn

npaiti npdatte ndhitihati nbhiniviaty tm meti.14
etni: upadhy-

14


Ktyyana-stra - 13 -

updnni.

ced:

upadhy-updnni: upadhi+updnni,
[-a]upadhi,
updna,
cetaso (Without sandhi: cetasa): [-as]

dhihnbhinivenuayn (Without sandhi: adhihnbhinive-
nuayn):
adhihna+abhinivea+anuayn, [-a]
adhihna, abhinivea,
anuaya,
na:
upaiti: upa+eti. 3
iupa
na:
updatte: upa++datte. 3
d
upa
na:
adhitihati: 3
sthadhi

na:
abhiniviaty (Without sandhi: abhiniviati):
3vivi
- 14 -

niabhi
tm: [-an]
meti: me+ti. me, mad
ti, iti

tm me

(12) dukham idam utpadyamnam utpadyate.15

dukham: [-a]
idam:
utpadyamnam.
utpadyamnam:
pad ut

utpadyate: 3
padut

(13) dukha nirudhyamna nirudhyate.16

dukham: [-a]
nirudhyamna (Without sandhi: nirudhyamnam):

15

16


Ktyyana-stra - 15 -

rudh
ni
nirudhyate: 3 rudh
ni

(14) atra cen na kkati na vicikitsati.17

atra:
cen (Without sandhi: ced):
na:
kkati: 3
kk
na:
vicikitsati: 3
citvi

(15) a-para-pratyaya jnam evsya bhavati.18

a-para-pratyaya (Without sandhi: a-para-pratyayam):
a+para+pratyayam, [-a]
a, para,
pratyaya,

17

18

- 16 -

a-para-pratyayamjnam.
jnam: [-a]
eva:
asya:

bhavati: 3bh

(16) iyat ktyyana samyag-dir bhavati.19

iyat: iyat

ktyyana:
samyag-dir (Without sandhi: samyag-di):

bhavati: 3bh

(17) iyat tathgata samyag-di prajapayamna prajapayati.20

iyat: iyat

19

20


Ktyyana-stra - 17 -

tathgata: [-a]
samyag-di (Without sandhi: samyag-dim):

prajapayamna:
j
pra
prajapayati:
3jpra

(18) tat kasmd dheto.21

tat:
kasmd (Without sandhi: kasmt):
heto.
dheto (Without sandhi: heto): [-u]

(19) loka-samudaya ktyyana yath-bhta samyak-prajay

payato, y loke nstit, s na bhavati.22
loka-samudaya (Without sandhi: loka-samudayam):

21

22

- 18 -

loka+samudayam, [-a]
loka, samudaya,

ktyyana:
yath-bhta (Without sandhi: yath-bhtam):
payata.
samyak-prajay: samyak+prajay,
[-] samyak, praj,

payato (Without sandhi: payata):
pa
y:

loke: [-a]
nstit: na+ astit, na,
astit,
s:
na:
bhavati: 3bh

y loke
nstits na bhavati


Ktyyana-stra - 19 -

(20) loka-nirodha yath-bhta samyak-prajay payato, y

loke stit, s na bhavati.23
loka-nirodha (Without sandhi: loka-nirodham):
loka+nirodham, [-a]loka,
nirodham,
yath-bhta (Without sandhi: yath-bhtam):
payata.
samyak-prajay: samyak+prajay,
[-] samyak, praj,

payato (Without sandhi: payata):
pa
y:

loke: [-a]
stit (Without sandhi: astit):
s:
na:
bhavati: 3bh

y loke stit
s na bhavati

23

- 20 -

(21) ity etv ubhv antv an-upagamya, madhyamay pratipad

tathgato dharma deayati.24
ity: iti.
etv (Without sandhi: etau):

ubhv (Without sandhi: ubhau):
antau.
antv (Without sandhi: antau): [-a]

an-upagamya: gam
upaan
madhyamay:
pratipad. madhya, ma,
m.
pratipad:
prati, pad,

tathgato (Without sandhi: tathgata): [-a]

dharma (Without sandhi: dharmam): [-a]

deayati: 3
di

etv ubhv antv an-upagamya

24


Ktyyana-stra - 21 -

madhyamay pratipad
dharma deayati

(22) yad utsmin satda bhavaty. asytpdd, idam utpadyate.25

yad uta (Without sandhi: yat uta):
asmin sati:
asmin,
sati, as sat

ida: idam.
bhavaty (Without sandhi: bhavati):
3bh
asytpdd (Without sandhi: asya utpdt):
asya,
utpdt, [-a]

idam:
utpadyate: 3
padut

asmin
satiida bhavati
asytpdt
idam utpadyate

25

- 22 -

(23) yad utvidy-pratyay saskr iti, prvavad yvat samudayo

nirodha ca bhavati. 26
yad uta (Without sandhi: yat uta):
avidy-pratyay:
avidy+pratyay, [-a] avidy,
pratyaya,
saskr (Without sandhi: saskr):
[-a]
iti:
prvavad (Without sandhi: prvavat): prva,
vat,
yvat:
samudayo (Without sandhi: samudaya):
[-a]
nirodha (Without sandhi: nirodha): [-a]

ca:
bhavati: 3bh

samudaya
nirodha

26



Ktyyana-stra - 23 -

(24) asmin khalu dharma-paryye bhyama, yumata sandh-

ktyyanasynupdysravebhya citta vimuktam.27
asmin:
khalu:
dharma-paryye: dharma+paryye, [-a]
dharma, paryya,
bhyama (Without sandhi: bhyame):
bh
asmin dharma-paryye bhyame:

yumata: [-mant]

sandh-ktyyanasya:
yumata sandh-ktyyanasya:
an-updya: d
upa
an
sravebhya (Without sandhi: sravebhya):
[-a]
citta (Without sandhi: cittam): [-a]

vimuktam:
mucvi

27


- 24 -

Prajpramit-strasVimalakrti-nirdea
Sad-dharma-pundarka-stra Mah-
parinirva-stra


Ktyyana-stra - 25 -

28

nirita

28
astit/nstit,
atthi/natthi, NgrjunaMla-madhyamaka-
krik Bhvbhva-park
Svabhva-park asti/nsti, bhava/abhava: ktyyanvavde
cstti nstti cbhayam, pratiiddha bhagavat bhvbhva-vibhvin.
- 26 -

29

upaiti updatte; updna adhitihati;

adhihnaabhiniviati; abhinivea
a complex of grasping
upadhi anuaya
vinibaddha
tm me

dualistic codes

29
David KalupahanaMlamadhyamakakrik of
Ngrjuna: The Philosophy of the Middle Way -- Introduction, Sanskrit Text, English
Translation and Annotation, Delhi: Motilal Banarsidass, 1991, pp. 1, 5, 7, 10-16, 25, 26,
29, 31, 63, 78-81, 232
exist-ence/ atthi-tnon-exist-ence/
natthi-texists/ atthi
does not exist / natthi his view of
existencep. 14

Ktyyana-stra - 27 -

30

npaiti
npdattendhitihatinbhiniviati

avidy /
saskra / jti / jar-
maraa /

30

17 20127
3-33;
64201335-29.
- 28 -

etv ubhv
antv an-upagamya


Ktyyana-stra - 29 -

kolpama-
- 30 -

dharma-paryya

(1 03 11110 31 28 )

Ktyyana-stra - 31 -

1. Guabhadra
2 99 1 -373
2. Bhikkhu Bodhi (tr.), SN 12.15, The Connected Discourses of the
Buddha, Boston: Wisdom, 2000, p. 544.
3. Chandrabhl Triph, Fnfundzwanzig Stras des Nidnasayukta
(Sanskrittexte aus den Turfanfunden, vol. 8), Berlin: Akademie-
Verlag, 1962, pp. 167-170.

1.
17
201273-33.
2.
64201335-29.