ELECTRICAL INSTALLATION SYSTEM IN THE BUILDING

SINGLE PHASE OF ELECTRICAL SUPPLY

-the distribution of alternating current electric current

-using a system in which all the voltages of the supply vary in unison.
-Single-phase distribution is used when loads are mostly lighting and
heating, with few large electric motors.
-A single-phase supply connected to an alternating current electric motor
-does not produce a revolving magnetic field;
-single-phase motors need additional circuits for starting

Single phase transformer

THREE PHASES OF ELECTRICAL SUPPLY

carry three alternating (of the same frequency)

reach their instantaneous peak values at one third of a cycle from
each other.
Taking one current as the reference, the other two currents are
delayed in time by one third and two thirds of one cycle of the
electric current.
Delay between phases has the effect of giving constant power
transfer over each cycle of the current
makes it possible to produce a rotating magnetic field in an electric
motor.
Three-phase systems may have a neutral wire.
A neutral wire allows the three-phase system to use a higher voltage
can simply be connected between phases (phase-phase connection).

Three-phase electric power transmission

Three-phase transformer with four wire output

Properties that make Three-phase it very desirable in electric

power systems:

The phase currents tend to cancel out one another,

makes it possible to reduce the size of the neutral

current and so can be the same size, for a balanced load.

Power transfer into a linear balanced load is constant, which helps to

reduce generator and motor vibrations.
 Three-phase systems can produce a magnetic field that rotates in a
specified direction, which simplifies the design of electric motors.

DIFFERENCES BETWEEN SINGLE PHASE AND THREE PHASES

ADVANTAGES OF THE THREE PHASE COMPARED TO THE SINGLE

PHASE ELECTRICAL SUPPLY
ELEMENTS IN ELECTRICAL WIRING

3 TYPES OF ELECTRICAL WIRING:

Open wiring

Hidden wiring

Conduit wiring

Open wiring

Hidden wiring
Conduit wiring

USAGE AND FUNCTIONS

Conductors

External forces such as physical rubbing can force some of these

electrons

Respective atoms transfer to the atoms of another material they do

not move between atoms within that material very easily.

There are many materials that have insulating properties, including

glass, rubber, oil, ceramic, quartz, plastic and air.

Insulators

With some types of materials, such as metals

The outermost electrons in the atoms are so loosely bound

Under the influence of electrical fields.

There are many materials that have conductive properties, including

silver, copper, gold, aluminum, iron, steel, brass and bronze.

Electricity Protection Wiring

Wiring systems in a single family home or duplex

relatively low power requirements,

infrequent changes to the building structure and layout, usually with

dry, moderate temperature

Heavy industries have more demanding wiring requirements, such

as very large currents and higher voltages.

facilities that handle flammable gases or liquids, special rules may

govern the installation and wiring of electrical in hazard area.

OUTLINE THE STANDARD GRAPHIC SYMBOLS IN WIRING SYSTEM