내부 소개자료 - V2.0 PDF

Giheung Lab.
Reliability Testing Services SGS

INTRODUCTION
SIL
2014.06.11
SGS Korea Member of SGS Group (Socit Gnrale de Surveillance)
CONTENTS
SIL
SIL
RELIABILITY LABORATORY 2 www.kr.sgs.com

SERVICE SCOPE
Certification of SIL (Functional Safety)

Cooperation with SGS Global network
IEC 61508 : Functional safety of E/E/PE safety-related
systems
Other Functional safety standards
Software Testing
, /
Static/ Dynamic
S/W V&V

CERTIFICATION SERVICE
Certification of SIL (Functional Safety)

Cooperation with SGS Global network
SGS-TV (Functional safety center)
Scope
IEC 61508 : Functional safety of electrical/
E/E/PE safety-related systems
IEC 61511 : Functional safety Safety
instrumented systems for the process industry
sector
ISO 26262 : Road Vehicle Functional safety
IEC 62061 : Safety of machinery
IEC 62279 (EN 50128) : Railway applications

Global SGS
Global Network
For Functional Safety
SGS UK SGS TUV SGS KOREA
SGS KOREA
SGS TUV
SGS UK
SGS TAIWAN SGS JAPAN
SGS JAPAN
SGS TAIWAN
SGS (SGS TV) - Joint-Venture between SGS - Group and TV Saarland

250 20
2010 SGS CCFS(Competence Center Functional Safety)
ISO/IEC 17025
Notified Body acc. to Machinery Directive
IEC 61508, ISO 26262 and E-mobility

SGS KOREA SERVICE for CERTIFICATION
SIL
SGS TUV SIL
Coordination between SGS TUV & Customer S/W Tool
qualification
, ,
SIL

FMEDA SIL Parameters IFSP/IFSE : SGS TUV
S/W SIL / / :
SIL / / :

SOFTWARE SERVICE
Software Testing (Verification + Validation)
Static/Dynamic

CONTENTS
SIL
SIL

WHAT IS FUNCTIONAL SAFETY?
Definition of - Functional safety
Absence of unreasonable risk due to hazards caused by malfunctioning

behaviour of E/E/PE systems
- Functional Safety
RISK (ACCEPTABLE RISK) .

WHAT DOES ACCEPTABLE RISK MEAN?
RISK
=
Combination of
The probability of occurrence

and
The extent of damage

Example of functional safety incident
KTX 3
- ()

Example of functional safety incident

- 2010 4
- 490 :
- 11

FUCNTIONAL SAFETY STANDARDS
AUTOMOTIVE.
EN
ISO IEC ISO 26262
50128
26262 62061
RAILWAY APPLICATION.
EN 50128,EN 50129
IEC IEC 62278, IEC 62279
61511 MACHINERY.
ISO 13849. IEC 62061 : Safety of machinery
IEC 61508 PROCESS INDUSTRY.

IEC
STAND

IEC 61511 : Functional safety Safety
61513 instrumented systems for the process industry
ALONE
NUCLEAR.
IEC61513, IEC60880
IEC
62304 MEDICAL.
IEC 62304 : Medical device software
IEC 60601 : Medical Electrical Equipment
Others
OTHERS.
IEC60730, IEC66336 ..

What is IEC 61508?
IEC 61508 : ed2.0, (2010.4)
Functional safety of
electrical/electronic/programmable
electronic safety-related systems
E/E/PE
E/E/PE ,
Other technology,
Risk
SIL (Safety Integrity Level) 4


IEC 61508
IEC61508
Part 0: Functional safety and IEC 61508
Part 1: (General requirements)
Part 2: E/E/PE (Requirements for E/E/PE

Normative
safety-related systems)
Part 3: (Software requirements)
Part 4: (Definitions and abbreviations)
Part 5: (Examples of methods for the determination of safety

integrity levels)
Part 6: Part 2,3 Guidelines on the application of Parts 2 & 3
Part 7: (Overview of techniques and measures)

SAFETY LIFECYCLE
1 Concept
(End user/Consultant)
2 Overall Scope definition
ANALYSYS
3 Hazard and risk analysis
4 Overal. safety requirement
Overall safety
5 requirement allocation
E/E/PE system safety

Overall planning 9 requirement specification
9 Other risk reduction
REALISATION
Overall Overall measures
6 7 Overall safety 8 E/E/PE
Contractor/
10
End user)
Operation and
(Vendor/
validation installation and Safety-related systems
maintenance planning commissioning Specification and
planning planning Realisation Realisation
(see E/E/PE system safety lifecycle)
Overall installation and

12 commissioning
Back to appropriate overall

13 Overall safety validation safety lifecycle phase
OPERATION
Contractor)
(End user/
Overall operation Overall modification
14 Maintenance and repair
15 and retrofit
16 Decommissioning or disposal

GENERAL RISK REDUCTION CONCEPT
Residual Tolerable System

RISK RISK RISK
Required risk reduction Rising

risk
Current risk reduction
Partial risk covered

by Partial risk covered Partial risk covered
safety-related by safety-related by external
systems of other E/E/PE system facilities
technologies
Risk reduction achieved by all safety-related systems and external

risk reduction facilities

SCOPE & RISK REDUCTION
Example Safety-related Systems
1) Electrical/electronic/ programmable electronic safety-related

systems:
Emergency Stop
Key Switch
2) Other technology safety-related systems :
Safety Valve, Actuator
3) External Risk Reduction Facilities:
fire extinguisher
exclusion zone barrier

Example of External Risk Reduction Facilities
Fire Extinguisher
Exclusion Zone Barrier
Fire Door

Example of Other Technology Safety-related Systems
Safety Valve of ARI Armaturen

BS EN ISO 4126-3:2006
(Safety devices for protection against excessive pressure.
Safety valves and bursting disc safety devices in
combination)

Example of E/ E / PE safety- related systems(Industrial)
Gas Detector
Emergency
Stop Key
Switch
Magnetic
Switch with
Emergency
Switch
Flame
Scanner(Detector)

Example of Combination

CERTIFICATION PROJECT
[ SIL 1 ~ 3]
, DCS System
[ SIL 1~ 3 ]
ESDV, Safety related valve and
actuator
[ SIL 2 ~ 3 ]
Inverter
[ SIL 2~3 ]
,

Certification and Assessment(SIL Verification) of SIL
SIL ?
SIL estimation SIF(SF) SIL
SIL
Probability of Failure on Demand Average/per hour(PFDAVG/PFH)
Architecture - Hardware Fault Tolerance(according to the SFF)
Systematic Integrity

BASIC CONCEPT OF IEC 61508
What to do for SIL certification related HW (including System)?
E/E/PE
Random HW failure Systematic failure
Systematic
Random Safety Integrity
Safety Integrity
HW HW, SW
- PFD, PFH Technique & Measure

Safety Lifecycle
Architecture - HFT, SFF Safety Manual..
DC Diagnostic Measure
,


Verification for SIL Certification
Systematic Failure
Safety Life Cycle
Safety Management
HW&SW Technical
Requirement
Competence
V&V
Probability of Failure on
demand Average/per
Random Hardware hour
Failure
HFT, SFF, DC

HW activities for SIL Certification
?
1. Architecture - Hardware Fault Tolerance(according to the SFF)
2. Reliability - Probability of Failure on Demand Average/per hour(PFDAVG/PFH)
FMEDA, , Drawing, Circuit, Datasheet,

, Part list/BOM, Components
Safety SRS/SDS
3. Systematic Integrity
: SRS, HRS, HDS..

: Safety Manual, Operation/Maintenance/Installation/etc
Manual,
V&V : Inspection, Internal test plan/report, External Test Plan/Report,
Safety-related certificates, Commissioning test plan/report, Others

SIL HW related
Probability of Failure on Demand Average/per hour(PFDAVG/PFH)
Safety integrity level: Low demand Safety integrity level: High demand
mode of operation mode of operation
Average probability of a dangerous failure Average frequency of a dangerous failure
SIL on demand of the safety function SIL of the safety function
(PFDavg) [h-1] (PFH)
4 105 to < 104 4 109 to < 108
3 104 to < 103 3 108 to < 107
2 103 to < 102 2 107 to < 106
1 102 to < 101 1 106 to < 105

SIL HW related
Architecture - Hardware Fault Tolerance(according to the SFF)
SFF HFT
(Safe Failure Fraction of (Hardware Fault Tolerance)
on element) 0 1 2
< 60% SIL 1 SIL 2 SIL 3
Maximum allowable SIL
for a SF carried out by a 60%-< 90% SIL 2 SIL 3 SIL 4
type A safety-related 90%-<99% SIL 3 SIL 4 SIL 4
element or subsystem
99% SIL 3 SIL 4 SIL 4
< 60% Not Allowed SIL 1 SIL 2

Maximum allowable SIL
for a SF carried out by a 60%-< 90% SIL 1 SIL 2 SIL 3
type B safety-related 90%-<99% SIL 2 SIL 3 SIL 4
element or subsystem
99% SIL 3 SIL 4 SIL 4

Classification of Hardware
Factors - / (Normally Quantitative)

Architecture
Type A (well defined and known systems) and Type B (other
systems)
A hardware fault tolerance(HFT)of N (= 0 up to 2) means that N + 1
faults could cause a loss of the safety function.
Common cause failures (CCF)
Component and system reliability

Safe failure fraction (SFF) and diagnostic coverage (DC) of a safety-
related sub-system
Probability of failure on demand (PFD) or Probability of dangerous
Failure per Hour (PFH)

SIL HW and SW related

Systematic Integrity
Validation
Verification
V&V Testing
Inspection
FSM
Requirement
Docume Safety Manual
ntation
Other Manual
Etc. Tool Qualification
Organization
Confidence of involved person
Etc.



CONTENTS
SIL
SIL

SGS SOFTWARE TEST
Consulting
Tool Qualification
Consulting
Software Code
Analysis orTesting
Static test Function,

Performance Test
Function,
Dynamic Test
Performance
(Unit, Coverage, etc.)
Test
Module Test Test bed
Quality Evaluation

SOFTWARE TESTING
Code Review(KOLAS ISO/IEC 17025 In preparation): test automation

tool
Provide a SGS Formal Report.

SOFTWARE TESTING
Code Analysis
Complexity
Quality Review :Complexity Analysis, etc.
Is your code well structured?
Is your code too complex?
Is the code maintainable?
Which are the problem areas?
Dataflow
Call graph

SOFTWARE TESTING
Code Analysis
Quality Review : Metrics Assessments
Clarity
How easy is your
system to
understand? Quality matrix
Maintainability Testability
How easy is it to How much effort is
maintain your needed to test your
software? system?

SOFTWARE TESTING
Code Analysis
Design Review : Data analysis
Data flow anomalies(Variable anomalies)

UR Undefined but Referenced (uninitialised)
DU Defined but Unreferenced (set but not read)
DD Defined and Defined again without being referenced
Pointer Analysis
Strong Type Checking
Array Bounds Checking

SOFTWARE TESTING
Unit test (Black box & White box testing)
Coverage(Statement, Decision, MC/DC) , Unit test
Source Code

SOFTWARE TESTING
Dynamic Test
, .
Test case, Test result, etc.
Test result
Test case
Test Matrix

FUNCTIONAL SAFETY MARKETING
Benefits of SGS
: SGS & TUV
: SGS Korea
: , , /
, Tool Qualification, FMEA
, /EMC/ /
ONE-STOP
Training Consulting Analytics Testing /

Certification

Thank you

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Giheung Lab.

Reliability Testing Services SGS

RELIABILITY LABORATORY 2 www.kr.sgs.com

Certification of SIL (Functional Safety)

RELIABILITY LABORATORY 3 www.kr.sgs.com

Certification of SIL (Functional Safety)

RELIABILITY LABORATORY 4 www.kr.sgs.com

SGS (SGS TV) - Joint-Venture between SGS - Group and TV Saarland

RELIABILITY LABORATORY 5 www.kr.sgs.com

SGS KOREA SERVICE for CERTIFICATION

RELIABILITY LABORATORY 6 www.kr.sgs.com

Software Testing (Verification + Validation)

RELIABILITY LABORATORY 7 www.kr.sgs.com

RELIABILITY LABORATORY 8 www.kr.sgs.com

WHAT IS FUNCTIONAL SAFETY?

Definition of - Functional safety

Absence of unreasonable risk due to hazards caused by malfunctioning

RISK (ACCEPTABLE RISK) .

RELIABILITY LABORATORY 9 www.kr.sgs.com

WHAT DOES ACCEPTABLE RISK MEAN?

The probability of occurrence

RELIABILITY LABORATORY 10 www.kr.sgs.com

Example of functional safety incident

RELIABILITY LABORATORY 11 www.kr.sgs.com

Example of functional safety incident

RELIABILITY LABORATORY 12 www.kr.sgs.com

FUCNTIONAL SAFETY STANDARDS

IEC 61508 PROCESS INDUSTRY.

RELIABILITY LABORATORY 13 www.kr.sgs.com

What is IEC 61508?

IEC 61508 : ed2.0, (2010.4)

RELIABILITY LABORATORY 14 www.kr.sgs.com

Part 1: (General requirements)

Part 2: E/E/PE (Requirements for E/E/PE

Part 3: (Software requirements)

Part 4: (Definitions and abbreviations)

Part 5: (Examples of methods for the determination of safety

Part 6: Part 2,3 Guidelines on the application of Parts 2 & 3

Part 7: (Overview of techniques and measures)

RELIABILITY LABORATORY 15 www.kr.sgs.com

4 Overal. safety requirement

E/E/PE system safety

Overall installation and

Back to appropriate overall

RELIABILITY LABORATORY 16 www.kr.sgs.com

GENERAL RISK REDUCTION CONCEPT

Residual Tolerable System

Required risk reduction Rising

Partial risk covered

Risk reduction achieved by all safety-related systems and external

RELIABILITY LABORATORY 17 www.kr.sgs.com

SCOPE & RISK REDUCTION

Example Safety-related Systems

1) Electrical/electronic/ programmable electronic safety-related

2) Other technology safety-related systems :

Safety Valve, Actuator

3) External Risk Reduction Facilities:

exclusion zone barrier

RELIABILITY LABORATORY 18 www.kr.sgs.com

Example of External Risk Reduction Facilities

Exclusion Zone Barrier

RELIABILITY LABORATORY 19 www.kr.sgs.com