Activity 4.

1 Name:

Unit 4

Breaking up is hard to do: Nations, States and Nation-States

The Rise of Nationalism and the Fall of Yugoslavia

Pp. 367-392 Kuby (Human Geography in Action)

If you dont finish today, you must complete this at home using the following
websites to assist you

Christian Science Monitor: www.christiansciencemonitor.com

North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO), Kosovo Force:

www.nato.int/kfor/welcome.html

U.S. Department of State, Building Peace in Kosovo:

www.state.gov/www/regions/eur/kosovo_hp.html

Questions

A. History of Hatred (Refer to articles by Goodrich and Karaosmanoglu and

Figures 13.6 and 13.9)

1. What cultural trait, language or religion, divides the Serbs and Croats?

2. Name the religion of the Serbs and of the Croats .

3. What historical development is responsible for this religious divide between the
Serbs and the Croats?
4. How did Muslims come to this region of Europe?

5. In what century did the Muslims defeat Serbia in the battle of Kosovo?

6. What other outside empire next dominated the northern parts of the region in the
several centuries prior to WWI?

7. A country called Yugoslavia (Land of the Southern Slavs) first came into being
after World War I. Which of its member nations dominated Yugoslavia at the time?

8. What happened during World War II that further increased Serb-Croat hatred and
added to the Serb sense of victimhood?

B. The Pre-Break-up Session (Refer to articles by Goodrich and

Karaosmanoglu and Figures 13.7, 13.8 and Table 13.1)

9. Which republic was most ethnically uniform?

10. Which republic was least ethnically uniform?

11. Prior to its break-up, was Yugoslavia a nation-state, a multistate nation, or a

multinational state?

12. The pre-war state of Yugoslavia referred to its component regions as republics.
What would a political geographer have called them?
13. What form of government did Yugoslavia have in place prior to its break-up?

C. The Break-Up (Refer to article by Karaosmanoglu, Figures 13.7, 13.8

and Table 13.1)

14. Did Yugoslavia break up because of ethnonationalism or irredentism?

15. The second war started in the spring of 1991, but in Croatia. What were the two
warring nations?

D. Bosnia (Use article by Rosen, Table 13.1 and Figures 13.7, 13.8 and
13.12)

16. Which was the dominant nation within Bosnia in terms of population?

17. Name the second and third most populous nations within Bosnias borders.

18. Why would the break-up of Bosnia worsen the refugee problem?

19. What message would the permanent break-up of Bosnia into two or three
separate states send to other ethnic groups in the Balkans and around the world?

E. Kosovo (Refer to U.S. State Dept. articles, Karaosmanoglu, Goodrich,

Figures 13.7 and 13.8, Table 13.1)

In 2008, the Republic of Kosovo declared itself an independent state. It currently

has partial international recognition. Only 108 out of 193 states (56%) recognize
the legitimacy of the Kosovo state. Keeping the above in mind, answer the
following questions regarding Kosovo.

20. In what state is Kosovo?

21. What two nations cohabit Kosovo?

22. What nation is the majority in Kosovo?

23. What is the aim of ethnic cleansing?

24. List five methods of ethnic cleansing:

25. Is there still a state called Yugoslavia? If not, what is it called?