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labs starting in the late 1960's by many of the same people who helped create the C programming
language. The Unix today, however, is not just the work of a couple of programmers. Many other
organizations, institutes and various other individuals contributed significant additions to the system we
now know today.
See additional Unix information and variants and information on the Unix variants page.
Linux ABCs
Developed by Linus Torvalds and further elaborated by a number of developers throughout the world,
Linux (lee'nuhks/ or /li'nuks/,_not_/li:'nuhks) is a freely available multitasking and multiuser operating
system. From the outset, Linux was placed under General Public License (GPL). The system can be
distributed, used and expanded free of charge. In this way, developers have access to all the source
codes, thus being able to integrate new functions easily or to find and eliminate programming bugs
quickly. Thereby drivers for new adapters (SCSI controller, graphics cards, etc.) can be integrated very
rapidly.
See additional Linux information and variants and information on the Linux variants page.
If you are able to navigate using MS-DOS, you should be able to quickly pick up on the navigation of
Linux and Unix. In the below chart is a listing of common MS-DOS commands with their Linux / Unix
counterpart.
attrib chmod
backup tar
dir ls
cls clear
copy cp
del rm
deltree rm -R
rmdir
edit vi
pico
format fdformat
mount
umount
move / rename mv
cd cd
chdir
md mkdir
win startx
* See our our complete overview page for a brief description on each of the below commands.
C cal | calendar | cancel | cat | cc | cd | chdir | checkeq | checknr | chfn | chgrp | chkey | chmod
| chown | chsh | cksum | clear | cls | cmp | col | comm | compress | continue | copy | cp | cpio |
crontab | csh | csplit | ctags | cu | curl | cut
D date | dc | df | deroff | dhclient | diff | dig | dircmp | dirname | dmesg | dos2unix | dpost | du
E echo | ed | edit | egrep | elm | emacs | enable | env | eqn | ex | exit | expand | expr
F fc | fg | fgrep | file | find | findsmb | finger | fmt | fold | for | foreach | fromdos | fsck | ftp
G getfacl | gprof | grep | groupadd | groupdel | groupmod | gunzip | gview | gvim | gzip
J jobs | join
L last | ld | ldd | less | lex | link | ln | lo | locate | login | logname | logout | lp | lpadmin | lpc |
lpq | lpr | lprm | lpstat | ls
M mach | mail | mailcompat | mailx | make | man | merge | mesg | mii-tool | mkdir | mkfs |
more | mount | mt | mv | myisamchk | mysql
O on | onintr | optisa
P pack | pagesize | passwd | paste | pax | pcat | perl | pg | pgrep | pico | pine | ping | pkill |
poweroff | pr | priocntl | printf | ps | pvs | pwd
Q quit
R rcp | reboot | red | rehash | remsh | repeat | rgview | rgvim | rlogin | rm | rmail | rmdir | rn |
route | rpcinfo | rsh | rsync | rview | rvim
S s2p | sag | sar | scp | script | sdiff | sed | sendmail | set | setenv | setfacl | settime | sftp | sh |
shred | shutdown | sleep | slogin | smbclient | sort | spell | split | stat | stop | strip | stty | su | sudo |
sysinfo | sysklogd
T tabs | tac | tail | talk | tar | tbl | tcopy | tcpdump | tee | telnet | time | timex | todos | top |
touch | tput | tr | traceroute | tree | troff
U ul | umask | unalias | uname | uncompress | unhash | uniq | unmount | unpack | untar | until
| uptime | useradd | userdel | usermod
Z zcat
* In addition to each of the above explanations, additional information about a specified command for
your Unix or Linux variant can be found by using the man command.
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