Speaking

REPEAT SENTENCE
TRACK 122
1. Studies suggest there may be a correlation between educational
achievement and family size.

Describe image

1. Model answer
The table shows last years export sales from Japan of motorcycles in terms of the
region which imported the bikes (overview). North America was the largest
customer and both it and Europe each accounted for slightly over onethird of sales
(point 1). Asia, South America and Oceania were a long way behind, each taking
approximately eight percent of the exported bikes (point 2). Africa, Central America,
and the Middle East took fewest bikes at under five percent of sales (point 3). The
table also shows that sales to North, South and Central America all increased while
all other regions have declined, especially Europe (point 4), but overall there was a
2.3 percent increase in exports of motorcycles from Japan last year (point 5).
Retell lecture
1. The lecture is talking about the history of salt and its value (overview). In the
ancient world salt was valuable because it was used to preserve food (point 1) and
it also meant food could be carried over long distances without going bad (point 1)
and it also meant food could be carried over long distances without goingbad (point
2). In fact the need to transport salt is possible one reason why the Romans built
roads (addition to point 2). Salt was so expensive because it was hard to produce
(point 3) and it could be used to raise money by raising its price (point 4). In the
ancient world salt was also important in other places such as Africa (point 5).

Answer short question

1. index

READING
Multiple choice, choose single answer
1. C (Cathedral staff were reluctant to act too quickly.): Conservative nature
an idea that would need to prove its worth.

Multiplechoice, choose multiple answers

1. A (the nature of the climate there): wood is not a very durable material
in tropical conditions

Re order paragraphs
1. E,B,C,D,A

Reading: Fill in the blanks

1. Skies, principles, describe, fields, confirm

Reading & writing: Fill in the blanks
1. From, what, showing, than, each
Listening

SUMMARIZE SPOKEN TEXT

(Model answers)
A
The speaker says modern economic circumstances have changed the nature
of loyalty. People no longer work for the same company for life, and
companies today must adapt to a large employee turnover as workers take
up new opportunities elsewhere. People will be loyal while they are in a given
job, but may move on. However, companies do function better socially and
economically when they have a core group of long term employees.

SUMMARIZE SPOKEN TEXT

(Model answers)
Extract 1
Some say that giving money to developing countries isn't the best way to
help them in the long term. There are two main types of aid for developing
countries, the first of which is longterm aid to countries with problems that
money can't fix, like drought or poor agriculture.

MULTIPLECHOICE, CHOOSE
MULTIPLE ANSWERS
A: 1, 2, 4
3 is incorrect because the writer says that individual gardens expressed their
owners' political affiliations, but this was not an influence on the English
landscape garden. 5 is incorrect because no mention is made of gardens
from classical Greece and Rome, only of classical Greek and Roman temples
and statues.

FILL IN THE BLANKS

1. Relatively, influence, manufacture, quantities, financial

HIGHLIGHT CORRECT SUMMARY

A: 2

SELECT MISSING WORD

A: 3

HIGHLIGHT INCORRECT WORDS

A
When the European Economic Community was established in 1957, its aim was, in
broad terms, to move towards closer political and economic cooperation. Today, the
much bigger (larger) European Union has a farreaching importance (influence) on
many aspects of our lives, from the conditions we work under, to the safety
standards we must adhere to, and the environment in which we live. In order to
achieve the free flow of goods and services, work (workers) and capital between the
member countries, they needed to establish mutual politics (policies) in areas as
diverse as agriculture, transport, and working conditions. When they had agreed on
these policies, they became legal (law). Now, though, the EU is concerned with a far
wider range of issues.

WRITE FROM DICTATION

1 Hundreds of scientific papers have been published on global warming.

WRITING
SUMMARIZE WRITTEN TEXT
(Model answer)
Closure or privatization of inefficient national services may have shortterm
economic benefits, but can cause longterm damage both socially and culturally
because some services are social provisions, not businesses.

SECTION: WRITE ESSAY

(Model answer)
An important point to remember here is that these opinions were voiced
when computers were in their infancy, and now, with the passage of time, we
should have a clearer picture.

It is not simply a case of either/ or. These days most of us find computers
indispensable, whether at work or at home, and they do speed up certain
daily routines for example, doing your shopping online. On the other hand, a
lot of time is wasted on such things as playing games and unnecessary
personal communications this time could be better spent. On a larger scale,
in terms of big business and industry, computerized manufacturing and
automated assembly lines have greatly increased production.

However, this too has its downside, as many jobs are lost as a result.
Whether computers make us smarter or happier is, again, not easy to answer
definitively. It is claimed that playing computer games improves certain
skills: this may be so, but there is no doubt that spending excessive amounts
of time alone at the computer can damage your health and relationships, as
well as take time away from other beneficial activities such as reading,
socializing, playing sports, and so on.

However, there is no denying that using computers does make at least some
people happy. While I find it hard to give a definite opinion on whether or not
computers make us more productive, smarter and happier, I agree entirely
with the opinion that information is not knowledge. Given that it is so easy to
turn to the computer when we want to find something out, we no longer feel the
need to learn things. This does seem to me a loss, both at an individual level and for
society as a whole.