Grahagati Kramik Vikas

14
m A H G A T I K A K R A M I K V I K A S A
Wrighien by
SHREEGHANDRA PANDEYA
( JyoHsb Sahifys Sluistracbarya )
Bx. Pradhyapak Jyotish DporiieDt

Faculty of Oriental Learning
BANARAS HINDU UNIVERSITY
VARANASX
as?-,'
A C A D E M Y
i-
(g) KmmmA&AH academy
Oriental PubUihers & Book-Sellem
Post Brix No. 118
K. 37/118, Gopal Mandir Lane^ Varanasi-22I00
( INDIA )
First Edition
1982
Price : RB. 75-Off
Also can be bad from
Chowkhamba Sanskrit Series office

K. ^7/99, Gopal Mandla Lane
Foit Box 8, Varanaii-22100 (India )
Pbo&d : 6145
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S3..'l-^ o/: 'l.) yii.'stit ;vi'; ylly.'î 3.4?: o). 5 > 5 J t i v a b , l
D r . K . S. S H U K L A
ftSm PROFESSOR OF MATHEMATICS,

LUGKNOW UNIVEkSITY.
.aiv-io * '^. r-'-'^ * ; ! a^".irtT
"Orahagati ka Kramika Vikasa?' SM ^^chii^

Pande deal* with the giadual development of planetary artron-
omy and ii a unique publication in Hindi. It sets out a Oomp-
arative and aclentific itudy of the development in astronomy
from the earliest known timet to the nineteenth century A. D.
/ The boc^ is divided into five chapters. Chapter I is more

or less introductory. It throws light on the bgginnings of attron-
omyi the notions of ancient people regarding the Earth, the
divisions of time and the calendar, and the motions of the Sun,
Moon and the planets. Chapter II deals with the Sun and Moon
and explains how the positions and motions of the Sun and
Moon were known in ancient times. As regards Moon, the
corrections known as eviction, variation; annual equation
and reduction are dealt with, and the gradual development
in the knowledge of the Moon's latitude is traced. Chapter III
deals with the five planets, Mars etc. It explains the methods of
finding their positions and velocities on the basis of epicycles
and eccentrics as coneelved by the ancient Greek and Indian
altroDomcrs. Chapter IV rsplains <he mcdem theory ofplaset-
ary motion and tests the ancient theories in its light. Chapter V
Is devoted to the study of the theory of attraction and gives
Newton's proof for the lU|tler's ^m td tKÎon. Meteors, comets
and the discovery of Neptune Is also dealt with.
This book embodies the results of Shrl Pa ndey's comprehe-

nsive and deep study of ancient and modern astronomy carried
over a long period. Everyone who reads it is sure to gain from
it. Those who are engaged In research on ancient astronomy
Will be Specially benefitted by it.
There are printing errors at places but they do not In any

way lessen the Importance and value of the book. Every library
shbuld have a copy of this excellent book.
K . S . SHUKLA
I n i r o d u c t i o n
I have found it very interesting to read the book

"Grah-Gatiki K a Kramik Vikas'', written by Acharya
Shrichandra Pandeya. It is remarkable that the book has
been written in Hindi and the Sanskrit texts of the
contributions of some of the great scholars like Aryabhatta
as well as the appropriate verses from Vedang Jyotish are
reproduced at proper places along with simple Hindi
translation. The utility and the importance of this book is
very much increased by including the work on planetary
motions both by the great ancient and modern western
scholars like Eudoxus, Apollonious, Ptolemy, Kepler,
Newton and others. Thus the subject dealt herein has
gained general-value rather than being concerned
only with oriental Astronomy written by a scholar of Ori-
ental Learning and Theology. It is also important that
the writer has tried t o be impartial in dealing with works
of Indian as will as Western Astronomers, and as a very
useful feature of this book, he has given many important
modern principles and results in terms of Sanskrit verses
composed by himself. This will help the Sanskrit-Scholars
to include modern Astronomic principles and results into
tho Astronomic literature in Sanskrit throughout India.
The beginning of Astronomy in India dates back to the

Vedic era which has been estimated to exist about four to
five thousand years ago. However, no definite proof of
dating from that era is >et known to exist. In this book
the author has shown that the beginning of Astronomy in
( - )
our country goes back much earlier than this, on the basis
of certain Astronomical calculations. Similar evidences
are available in "Orion", the great work of Lokmanya
Balgangadhar Tilak. Whatever may be the true time of
this beginning, it is believed on quite sound grounds that
the development of this knowledge was much ahead
during the Vedang-Jyotis Period, and most of the Indian
Astronomical principles were formulated during this time.
The introductory account of Indian astronomical stu-

dies given by the author is very interesting. It mentions
certain legends which show how our ancient astronomers
observed the stars twinkling in the night-sky for one year
to another and how stories were built to help disseminate
their results from one generation to another, Emperical
astronomical estimation ss how that the legend of Prajapa^ti
(ORION) and Rohini might have been in existance for
the last 10 thousand years. Similar estimations have also
been made regarding the Mahabharat & Raraayana-Kal.
As there no written and other form of material evid-
ences of these events, above mentioned evidences are really
quite interesting.
In the first chapter the author has given a general

description of the Earth and Moon. In Indian Astronomy
a gec-centric system of Planets has been assumed and its
calendatic calculations are based on it.
In this Chapter the motion of Moon, the Solar year.

Lunar months etc. are discussed. A simple account of
Vedang-Jyotish with reference to the first Solar-Lunar
Calendar is also given here. In the last section of this
chapter the motion of other planets aud an emperical meth-
od of calculating the distances of moon and other planets
from the Earth is given in detail.
( ^ )
In the next chapter the author has given geometrical

methods of calculating the positions of Sun; Moon and other
planets. Here, a good account of how geometry came into
use in Astronomy and how Algebra and geometry were
introduced in Indian methods of calculations, is also given.
It appears that the technique of trigonometry was deve-
loped in this very quest. The experimental works of Tych-
obrahe, Ptolemy and Copernicus are also given here in
short. It is interesting to note that even the ancient astro-
nomers like Hipparchos made remarkable calculations of
the positions of Moon and other planets in their days
when either no instruments or very crude ones were
available. The historical credit of devising an astronomi-
cal instrument named "Astrolobe", for determining the
evection of Moon goes to the Alexendrian Astronomer,
C. Ptolemy (140 A . D . ). Afterwords a similar instrument
was also devised by Bhaskaracharya which was named as
''Sarvatobhadrayantra."
In the third chapter a detailed account of various

calculations of the positions of the planets is given. A good
description of various planetary systems assumed by the
ancient Astronomers like Eudoxus and others is available
in this chapter. The work of Ptolemy is given here with
special reference to his theory of epicyels for the calcula-
tion of planetary positions. Ptolemy has very accurately
calculated the evection of Moon, It is after the fairly
accurate calculations of Ptolemy that Copernicus could
assume the earth moving and proposed a helio-centric
theory of the solar-system. Copernicus could do no impro-
vements over the calculations of Ptolemy, but he rearran-
ged the order of the planets and put his theory on a firm
footing.
The author has shown that the Indian Astronomy is
very little affected by the work of Ptolemy, but more so
( )
by Apollonious, even though the former is more accurate.

He has shewn that the calculations given by Bhaskara-
charya (Suryasidhanta) also are not very accurate. A H
these facts have been very clearly brought out by the author
in this chapter. These facts show that the Indian Astrono-
mers have not simply borrowed the knowledge from the
works of Apollonious or Ptolemy, but the developement
in east and west went on in parallel and the coincidences
may be merely accidental.
The fourth chapter, deals with the developement o
Astronomy in the west, begininng from Ptolemy to Kepler
and Newton. A very good account of how Kepler, keeping
his watchful eyes on Mars, was able to obtain his famous
laws of planetary motions, namely ( l ) the planetary
orbits are elliptical, and (2) the line joining the Planet
and the Sun sweeps equal areas in equal times. A few
deductions to ellustrate these laws are also given herel
The author has shown that it was much more on the
basis of the important achievements of J . Kepler, that
Newton could give his great theory of Gravitation and
also, refining the various calculations, put the Helio-
centric theory on the firm footing.
In the end, the theory of Universal Gravitation has

been discussed in detail. Much before Newton, Acharya
Bhaskar, the great Indian Astronomer has argued in his
book that there is a centre of attraction in the Earth, and
all free bodies fall towards the Earth due to this force.
Thus he realised the existance of force of gravity^
but the credit goes to Newton for making Gravitation an
universal entity and for putting the theory of Gravitation
on a firm mathematical ground.
Acharya Shriochandra Pandeya has, thus, given a very
good account of the developement of the knowledge of
( u )
Planetary motions starting from the Vedic-era to the-

beginning of the present century. This book is undou-
btedly very useful for scholars and students studying
Indian Astronomy, With the help of this book the stren-
gth and .weakness of the old methods and calculations
can be well realised in the light of modern achievements.
Besides, it is an informative collection of facts for a l l
those who are interested in general Astronomy. I feel this
is the first book of its kind in Hindi where many actual
calculations of planetary positions are given and the
results are compared with those based on modern scienti-
fic calculations.
The present day Astronomy has reached far beyond'

Bhaskaracharya and Newton. This is the age of man-made
satellites and planetaryprobes when man has actually
reached the surface of Moon and he is trying to put his
feet on other planets also. India has also entered this race
by placing ''Aryabhatt" and "Apple" into space. These ev-
ents have created general interest in Astronomy, not only
in Astrologers and calendar-makers but even in the com-
mon men of our country, and in this context, a book like
this, written in the language of common people is natur--
ally very useful. I have no doubts that this book will
be appreciated everywhere.
Dr. Nand Lai Singh

VARANASI Ex. Head of Department
25 -12-81 of physics
Banaras Hindu University
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itT1T1T?5 ^>m^ 5?Tftl JFTiriTT: II %. fi.
sTTt^ ivT'ct ftT 1 ^1 ft T f ^ i f t i t t n f t ftT T f i T i f i ^ n t ft i r f t

I T f t I T i r q f t i i ft ^ T f t T T i r ft 55T f t ftt i r f f t f t | ( 55T f t t
T t i r f t fTITt ffTT ITT I ) I
TTltl I I T i I T t t % 1 S T I T I T ?TT1 T f t l f n ftft TT?? i t ITI 1S-

f q i ^ T f l T f t 1(T 3 T f t T f i n f?TT ITT i t t ?STt ft H f t f t t % f 1 ft
31% i n f n : i?5, | i , ^ f , g i , I T S , i f ^ f i i t t l f l tT% I ^^ft
l-'SIT i t t ^ i ft ^ t ? %T TTI i t I T f R ft I K R t % H T I i t t 31ft
1^TT i f i f l l f t f t i I, irtT T f f | ITft I t
f n Tt fi tfft t, f f i ITfTt ft I, H fiTT ft mtlflS

ft i t n T i f s c T ft I i T f i f T ? i t ft i f t i t s T i t inr iir ir, ff^
TTit % H T I I ^ T t f l f T T t ft i f t f f f l i T t % m T f ftrs f f I T f f S a l t 1 ?
% i m i t s I srtt l i t i ? % i m i t f t m % f r t i s s i t % s^s T t ft i f t
^ T f l i t fT I T f S T 1*11 f t I f T 1 I T f l f Tnt ft T f i t f f T TTT IT f f
^ f ^ 5 t l TTTlt T t ^ f t |t I I ^ T t f l f T l t ft lift fltnTtj H ITTTt
T t f i 5 f f i r f f TOT I f s ^ i t % =TTtt srtt f i r t r i i i r 1 1 i i f ^ t r
ftt sTTTTt 1 f t ft Ifgr I TT % i m ir% ftft ft i f T i n f?ir ITT ff
i f t ^ft i f n l i t f t i r t i ^ i r | t f t t f tTOTI'^?^ ft iqft TT
f i t t f T ? ! ft 1 1 I i i r I, n f s i T s ^ i t 1 ? % i m Tts 1 1
iq*3n?F1 snWTTstflRTITt^^nT f f t f l srit%: I
f i . ftr. It.
i r f ^ i irfi H T H F R t i i r I i r < a m f STI'I^ST^ i
g ? i 3 i q?2lfl i t i i fTctWci'-d^ itlTIT: q^tlfr-: 11
f i . f i . It.
sri'N^ i8fn-i^s f r I I T I l^ft i ? i r f r f t f i m t iff, ^ aiti

f t i r 1 1 1% ^ 15^1n t f?5rr ft m r | Ift %ft TOI-IOSS ft JTI^T ft
n Inr 1,3ftt H t t iTur^ f t 3 m I'îi 1 1 ?;i f^":^ fitsir T I I sftt
ITft i l l fT i t TtHTcIf sr^lt ftgr I 1| Ttl1T?1f ISTtI flT 1 WI
itHRIf ISTti % 5TtT i^Tt f t TftfT fT i t ITI ^ T T T IIT | I TTtff
iqft t i n ft sTiir^ ft 3^11! fr ftiTcif T T I I^TTI ft t , 11 fscr sr^qn
% srtT i>"it ft qftfl ft i n n Tfrt ftir 1 I^TTI % i i t ft Tf? T^SITT-
clf 3T5Ttl fiScI I ^"t ^ô ft TTT = g crf?;fT T1T1 I H IfTt ^ f t f T fT

m ITT H f T sTTITi ITII f t Tff f t i f l l t i t t l i f t fftlt fT i n ^^T-
ifH ft g f l l ft STTT ITT ir 1
TTf f i t t m ? i t % i n ^ l ft TTltl itTt ft f?Tt ft, T f I T-'Tt f T
TfTT^ % ft ftiT I T f ITcT i t i t f ^ f fllTT % ITTTt Tt f l 5 ft i t
i t 1 f i lift I f f i ^ i t % 3;qt ^.^ i f t l i t 5^ fq"^ s ^ i t % ft i t t
^ t l lift f i t t fft i l l ft f T U n T f 15T1 11% ITtt i t t TTft tfft I,
H f t T f f i B f T fifTST T T T f f i>it fT fq'5 g i t STTfTItT fqi^t ft ITtt | 1
ir^ftriTT ft T^m | f f : ' T t i 1 f f 5^ sriRr:' i i t i ^tt i t irfr-
i t T fqo^ s i t ft ITtt 1ft 1 1 Ttst ft l i t I f % i r i T t qt Tf f i s ffTT
ff i f ? U f T i t T fqi^t ft l i f t ITtt I it ir% f t i t t T i i t sjTTTt,
ff?5 STtfcrfTit ft H I f fT 'Si^l f t f?1T ITT S=iTt f t TfTT'i^ % ft
t i t f R ffTT I SSTt ft T f f?Tfl f ^ T t - T H H f t f l T ^ f ifffi % fTtT |
^ T i r i t i i r t i t i sitfcrfTit f r f i ^ i r i I T I îrfiTt ft sît qt ft i T f n
ft ift f q ^ fT sît Tt fitft fT f r t i s:it 1 f i i i r i i r f i i i f i i i f t
f f ? 5 i i r i t i f q ^ fT i i r i t i fqtj^ ft i t t ^ f r i f t | ^ i r i n r TT i i T f i i
% ^f^^ ft I T T I I J-^SI ft , i?:it ft ITfTI-fllT'cr ft ?TtfTt ffTT i t
ITtitT fl5T?1 fT I f f t l I 1
115rî i s i r I f f ITfTitT fqoit ft i t i f r t ft i f i ? f s i t i t ftit 1 1
q f T f i f l i 51 ft q f t i i ^ l f l i t t f i t t q f t i i ft g;T ft i t t 1 i i f r f r t i
TTT I ? 11% fsq ITtt tît ^ i i T s i r ( i t - i t ) ft ffqrf 1 i r i f ^ i r i t
^Ttfcfir iTT qfiilr fît l i t ft mtitT îftfiit srriis ft T | iirTT ff
SSiit RY iet TT BTittTT ft STTit ^ft T t T f ^ l ft' iJT ft i t t T T ITit |
fllft l i t TS,TT 3ftt Tf ^T ft T f ^ T ft aftt Hft i t ^ Tfft I, f f ^ Tf SfTTt
TfT ft STTfTI ft T ^ T I ft ^ ft i t t =TSft |, Tt^f Tf fTT iTt ft ITS
TTTft TT^ JtTit sftt TTTfT55 l l f ? TT Î^Tt ft ^ftfi ft ft55 Tft t'IcfT I l i t
^ri ?5tTt ft 11% f55iT I3.f Tf f^TTT Jif sr^fl ft ff snfTI ft tif TTf TTTf
TT5 I f5rT% STtT l i t Tf TOit fT TSf ft g;T ft q f t i i ft i t t
=T^ft v5T STTIT I I ff'5 Tf ITir l f l ft q f ^ T ft ft i t t isft I I STTf-
fftfejT, srqtitfTTi, 5f5s, TtTffifft, ETsit sTif? ft ^sit % siqit .^tt ft
T T i ft f ^ sTTqffTTf T ? f i ft | I Tf? iît T i i t | i t qit iqiT i t i s T
fft TTTft I W t ff Tf? ft a. TFT flTS I f ITfT^T ft Ifft t | i t Sît %
=T55ft ft ^TfT ifl55T ^tT 1ST H ^ T I l i t TfP: 1 T ? S STTfTI ft
i ? T q f t i i ft i t t irft f?^Tf qf'ft i 1 1 srît fT l i t ? 'ît u r s i t ft
ftqtfif 1 ft Tf f?TT ff s^sit ft %'?ri ITfi i ifi5 3;qt ft I5f ft srqft
I T T i t l i t iTftit, iifsq; 3ft srqTT ifisT qift ft ftf ffsTTt i f t ftit 1
R'^ô tl- sTftsTfT 3Ttt ?K i t igT5?t ft ftqtfTfi ft i:;it ft ?t ifiTf
n i r I qf it iqft I S T % 3;qt T ^ T I ft ^ ft i t t ^ T f s % iTtt i t t
?flf T F I i t t |1tt IT 1 ffT % ITtt i t t l i f t TTSt TTfTf l f l 1 H IfTt
S^Tt ft f l f l T l f l | f , ff?5 3TT1 fT fTITI 5it 1 tflf itt TTfTf ?tif
ifT IRTT I I
ITti fiTTit sTiftiTl ft ftqtfif 1 ft f^qiT ft I'TTT ^ Ift iit

ft f?Tt 1HT TTtff ftqtfTf 1 ft TSTit % TTfTf SITI % STtT i i t ft
TTfTf ifg f l 5 ftft fT TTT1 ffTT IT I I l f T ITcTT Tf | ff f f i t IT^ fT
n t ^ ffir fTTi H T qt 3 1 1 %i f t stf^rq 3rtt 3i% % ifrft % TT? l i t
ITT qt 3it cTT^ fT fItT ftl ftf^rq g> ?tTt l l t i t ft f ^ 3qS5T
ftir, TTtff s i t g;T % ITtt i t t Tift ITSt srqit fSTT ft qf^ ?ITI ft f i ^
t i T i qt iit i t t g;i ft |tt % |ft | t t q t ftit i i i f s q g-n t r T i ft i r t
f r i t icTti iqssT fsrr i r fit ?TTI ft 11% ^tsT TT i f r fTTif q t i r 1
n ?tif u t i t % i ? i t ft TOi fT irfTf sfTT f f i |; ff?5 I T f i s

sTiftirl ft srqft ftT ft f f i t i t t ft iff inr, n f s q nft if n
icfi ffTT ff 55sit f t i t I, ff?5 ^ irft xfRt i t t | i - ^ f - i f i - i i s sftt
p f t f i r f t |Q[ i i t % ITtt i t t ITS T t ft T l i n r 1 1 1 . 1 . i . giift
%ft?t ft i t i t r s n T T i f arrft Tn ft 2TiftiT|% n f t f t i n r |, ff^f
rifST % i t P T ^ ft i f t I T f 1 1 l f l 5 i t r fqi^ 1 ITf T l i f i i %
fiTITfITt g;i fT ? i t % ITtf i t t TITT f ^ S T f t f t ^ T 1 i f ^ ^ T
% I T t t i t t I f f fT T I I T ITTft T t 3TlftTT| fT 11 f l 5 Tft fTIT t
T l T f ^ T ft Itt % f 1 ft ? i t i l S ?Tfl ITfT itt f T % 1T 1 ft
Tf i r i t t I
I T f r i t T fqorf ft 1?51T f t l f l f t TcITIT I t s I, TTtff T f 3]ttt f t

iftSTT ifcTifST l f l ft 1 S 1 T I I I T f T l 1 q f t l l 1 ^ T f t i t t 1 5 ! l |CT 5Tf
% 1 S ^\3-^ f?Tt % ^TeTfTsft f t T T T i a ; ? S fT q f =T1ft STT ITST | I
fsg: s'st ft T f o' % ^VTT i s g T | , i i f s q ^t i l : ft f t i i %
?TR q f t i i i fT q i T I S ^ T i r | l T f ^ T T % 1'TIT f t ifcTTT % ^ ft H
H I fT qiT S T H I T t f f l i f t ?flf Tfi I I R i f f ftil I HfTI %
T l i t ft T f i t s n f c T 1 1 S H I i t t f ^ ft 3 1 1 f 1 I f 1 ft f i n f r Tfi
f ^ f i U i t t srfTf 1 i f i f xrx" f t i t 1 1
f ? 1 ft H t t % H f t T i g i f t l f l f t ^ f l 1 T f t f f H H I f H I ^ i t f f
g i % H T f t l 15T1 ? f g i t 1 t 1 f t f T H I ff?5 f HT qftii ftlfTI
ft f f i t f T T i H T qt IT ffit H t ft 351Tf ITTt H T i t t f a ! f?1 H ?
fft l i t H t ft ftlTcIf S ^ H f TTit I T I i t qf5=T1 f^rfcTI 1 3tr H ^ f t
IHI f i i t t 51 f ^ r f l l ft i f i f H H f t i t I I l f T 1T?TT Tf f t H ff ^
H t t % H f t T q f ^ T I ft ^ T f t i t t I S t f T I I f ^ f?1 Tt f t I'^l t f f t T t
T f ? f s i t i t ftTT f f q f t i i f ^ r f i i ft i t H t T ^ T ft i t i t 3;'=TTt q t I ^ T
IH H , T f 3 n f T ' H l T f t qf?tT I i t t ^ T ft i t H t T ftiii % q i i it'I
q f H H T f I T f ^ r f i i # f f t 3;qt i s T H t , srtt f i t r g r t r 3 i f T ? T R
T f T f t f S H I I l i t TfTt H l t l f T S ft H t t % H ^ S T ^ T f t Tfi f f T H
S H H TTT I s r f l f T I H t t % %1 ft H f T I 1 H t t % T ^ T ^[1 % H I fT
f u t t i i t l i t TfTt f i r I q t ^ ft i f i f % i T f T i t T t i R t % H t T i t H t t
% 1 S T s^T % H I fT H t l f l f f u t t i ffTT I H Itt 11 ( i f f s f c j f ) Tfi
H I H fTf?3f 1 1 R f T H ITT IT I H f T fT^TT T i l Hft f f H HftH I
^ S T f H f l fT 5tT I T f t 1 1 H ^ ^ 0 S T T T ^"S^K'â. f T l t ft f t H H| ,
f f T f i ? s H fr i f f i n f t i t l f l i f i f ? i 1 H 1 i f f ftit I ^ i t t fsrt
% H i t ft T f HT l f l ft H i T 1 H f i t t f T m t I H ^ p n t t ft i t s r i f i
ft, T J S l : <^ % ^mi ft T f ^ o f ? ^ ft ^ O - K " aftt TTT % Hmi ft R^'V."
TSTT I I I T f T TH'tT ITT TcTSTTT llftTT I
T f l f ? T T^STT l l f T I *r 3TTTT TTT TTSft | q ?feTI=Tt f T H | I ITfT

fKT TTT I I T T t fTTTt f t i fO; TTIITT fT=TTtf I T T^m T t T|% f f
=H5TT ft tTcT: T f T l T f t | ff== ^T % H t T I T f T H H TTT TH TfT^TI
t f H I i r t H 3TTH TTT ^^ % TTTft T f t f > H 3Tft 3r?TfTt W H t f H | I
3T% T f r f l c T TTT % Tfgf^T TSft TSft ?fST~tlt fTft fT fTtT Tf | f f Tf
g T ft T f T TT% t f f t i ^ H f t T t T f H ft?(T | I "TiS??: 3 T % T f T f H TTT fl
flHTT m f H t TTTft f > H | ^ ft fT |5- Tift | I I T t f > H I T T T t l f
f T f f t ft Tt t r s f f H I I
fTcTTT:?TtHHTtfTTtTt: f f t i TTcTS'j; i j
tT'WTHSJTTfTi fiTtftTTI-qtTtT II | . T. =T?5=TTt II?II
sTTtq; g;T ft Tt% f ^ T i HCTT fT STTH T T T g;T f t f f t i f ft T H Tfrfw

tfH I 3Ttt 3 T f t f r C t f ? H ft =T'5H fT 3iq?ft f t W H ft SfTH TTT Tft f t
f l H t f H I t f t ^T T ftTcT T | fT I
1 ? S H fT T f T l i : T t T t f f t H H | ,3T% fTTT ft T t T f M f t f 1% |
fsp ^r^TT =T?srH % :5Tt T f t f f ^ f t f f t W T^l T t s t s f t ^ f t tTT %
H T f T t fT H I f t i t I t f t Tt TfT f t t f T fft"T s r f l TJfScT f t f t Tt
f STJTt 3tr% BT^TfTt fT ft ftit I ( Tfly T f TTT^T H H H f f TTt
H f r i t T f'Vî T t I S TtT I 3Ttt I T f t TTft TTtt S ^ i t | ) I t f t :
T f s s r f t if^rfT t i i f f T t T T t ^f^H^Hrti^rj]; i
m q f f l ? T i t ? t f T f f H IT Tf'^t^TTH: 11 | . T . T ' S H t ^ II
ITft f T S I f f I T =T'3H 3Ttt ^T q f H T ftft IT T f ^ H f f t fe^Tf

;Tff T t r r , T T t f f I T f ? T H 5 H ^T sftt S i t % T^T ft ftTT, f i T f t I T f l
3Ttt H T ^ % H t T STfTflcT f > H i t fTTtt s j f i t ft itE55 t|TT I I T f?Tf?l
f t f T STHTT^H f f i I I 3 T % H T srfifTT T ? S H ^T ft ( n ' ft sifTf)
Hft T? H H f t H , f l T f t T T f T T f r f i T TTT f H t H T f t H H H ^ T T I Tt
UTfTT =H5TT fT ^ i S T f T f H TTT fTT^ TTTft H H f t H I ITft H5TT
Sftt ^ % T^T ft f H t t ftit I W ftTfi f t ^ f i H ffft I I Tt H=SH
itt ^ f t Tfnrt % a m t % 3Tfmt I ^ S H f i % qf itr ( STTTTTFH ) %

c;
IT? |;Tt 3T>I m ^^'Kfersrift | l tr^ ^firiT ft f l t t ^fHTT cff
i t IHTT f t m s n i T I I l i f t f l q? IT^TRT f ^ t I
=HsRT % ? ^ f t f ? 1 i^TT f ^ S T f l f ^ !<.V f?T f t i t I i t f i %

q? l i f t r??r i^nT ft f^ w ? ? f ? i '^î f t i t | i ^^^m srf^f i t t i i
% 3r?cr ft iT?3Ti ? ? f?fr ita? q f m r 1 1 firt a r i t i Tcfît ft i m f t
fiTftra i t t Ttfit % m iT^sTi f r m 3 = i ? T i ^ % f^q ^ f s r f s r m
f t f e T i T f t 1 1 i ? T i ^ s i t f i T ft i t t m f t f ? T mm ^ \\ i i r I T ^ S i i
f t f ? i mm I T l f t srF^Ti n f?i % i^t i src^f q t i ?i q t ^
ifiirit f t f e q i T f t 1 1 I f IT?IIT irtif^fit i i | i |t 1 1 fwm, fq;t
i t i g f t H i t i I I T ft 1111TT f r f i t i i i f c i I, ^ i f f f lir f t f T f e q t
I T t i t i 3iit%T f t i t i q i t I ft?T^ s i t f i T fT 111 l ^ i t 1^ 1 T I
51 ITIT I ( ft?T^ ^ i t f l T fT 5tT F1TI irft TITIT ITTTT) i f l l T I fT

111 ^ % ? ft i t I T I T I I 1^1 f t t g f l ft f f T ITT I f f
ft? iTiT^ "mm ST?W TITTCT: I

ftTT 1 ITITTft I) Tt, T t l f 1 5 II
l l f g r i t T W 11 f t I T t i f t f t TT% TITTTI (fTT TSt l l f ? I T I 1T^)

?^ I T l t f t i T i i r I srtt i t n I T l t ft "smm ftft TT^ (ifTin ) ft it
I T H T I I 11 T f T t I T t i ft n 1 t ? ? 1 T i t 1 T T fT f T I T I f t f t i t t i f H T I
HTft f t TTT Ti'ft? f r s ft =Tir I T t f t f l 5 ftit | I
q f ^ f f T I T f f T I f f 1??1T ^ ^ ' ^ f ? i t 1 1 T 1 1 f f T t i f q f t ^ T I
ft 1 T H I I ( l i r f s q i r t i t i sitf^T ft I f 5 1 T g T T I o ^ f t ^^3 TTlt ft
itST ITT I T T t f f 1??1T q f f T I ft q f 15T1 % H I t f H | ) q f =Tri51T1
"RVK f T i fT f t H 11 T f I I T msm i t t f T % q f I f I T t i ^ô %
IHt f t f f l l f t H I I q f 1T51H1 ft flflTt ftit I I 3TT T f ? f f i t
f i T I fcTfl f t 1 ? S H f n 1ST1 % H I l H H f t H H f t ôTt f c t f l f t T f
H 15T1 ft s m I H ?t I S n l i f t f t H I 11 T f T t n H^SHlt % H ?
Tf f5 f l 15T1 irft f t H I n f T q f t i n i f f t n f f ?^ H ^ n i t f t
i H f a % f r s ft =T7s-H % H t T i n i f % ? ^ q f t ^ H 51 ffq m 1%
ftft, f s c f : T?ftf M i ' s w i i f t f i T i fctfiit f t msm f i n i s r i f % H I
ft ? f s i t i t f t H I f i f i r t i t t i s n t % n f t i t i * H i f r T H f i r t ^ i i t
ft 3r?Hi aiMtifTs ft ft s H f s H m 1 fiTtr Tf?f n f f r i n * i H f t i t
i f i % ^ spfiTTi f i ^ r a 5.
ftlTT I I STPTtcm H T f 1 ft fs^T I f f 'TT f T TITTtTFTTTtTT TT t t f f TT

TTltft ct^TTTTTTtT' STTfq; iT T f T5TT'^ f t STTTTTtTT | T f ttFlit ft f T
ftTt I ITT 3I?TTTTT f t T T =TTffq ( 3tTt T T t I ft T f STTTTTtTT ^ftg f t
ITTTTtTT f t i t I) 1 T^fT f t STTTTTtTT f> =T'5TT 3 n t 3 1 % f 15 t t f f i t
i t i t f t ? f s T > T t I f t f>ft I nft f i r t T r i t i ^fTit % irfn-fitt^Ti
i t t T f l f l - T 1 1 T % f 5 1 I f f t T i t % f s q ff q TT S T c i ! fT T I T S T H | I
1 1 1 T % fTSTITT % ITIT'T îfTfTt ft lift % f T t I ft STTftI f t

TTTt ft i ? f T TTTT % I T l t f t I t f t 1T^ I T I T I TTflfT ft 'TS{11 f c E : fTS8:
V R I ^ - H f l % ITtT I T ' S I T l t f t fTTi fsfTTt ft f 1 5 I S T i t % I T I ft
' 1 1 ' T?TT f t % fcffTTt f t T t l ^ f i i T T T i l l | I t f t : i f t l i t T8fT1 ft
f i ; f T f l fT ITI ' i T f t l i t ' i t t f i f l f T 15TT ft f i ; fifi fT 111 frfctft
ftiT I H Tfr?; ^TttTI TfH I c T % ITTTt T t Tc^f I T i t f t ' j f l l T l t ft
H s i r % iri i t T Tfft TT% i 5 T i t % TTI ft f t 3 T ^ f i i T s r t l l t l uit
fifiTt fT i n i t t T i T ITT I f'T;t i^ft ^ R i r i f % T i i t ft i * T f m ft%
m t % i n i t tT% Tft I inTTirfifi ft 'irfn^ T t i m i t V R I ^ ?
11 f T ft qtiirit TT% f g f i T t % i n ft '11' T?TT f t % m t % i T i t f t
i t i % f i g ffTT I I ift f i T T lafTT 1 f 1; T t f i i T i t fT TT1 l i t artt i i t
q t i i T i t f n m ft f t i t , i i f T I T I i i ftir 1 i i r T f T t fTir^T I8.71 ft
f 1; itiiTit T i T i r i t t t i r i t ^fuT TT^T I T I T I T T ftiT 1
flfl-15Tit % ftit 1 I T ? 1 f t i q s f s T STtT I T t i t T t ft 1 % 1 S T^sWr
i t t f T f t i f i T t % l^ftTI f t 5rffTT 1 T f l f l % f s q TTT T i t l ffTT,
T c f 1 1'51T i t t f T % T f i t % f i T f l l 3 T s f 5 T % f s q i t fTfl fTltftI
f t I i T f i ; f i f i - i 5 T i fT ftit mî i T ^ s m t i t t i ^ s i r f t ^m^fît ft
mftTI I I I T ^ S m t ft f?T i^TT H? TTT 'jfl f T T l t ft
T^TT % f 5 T f t i t I I T f t TSsTT ^VR 1?S tTf f f i T t itt ?^ t f l - H f
ffcTTt ft it ftit I it ? ^ IT ? o I f?Tt f t T^TT % f 5 T ftit | I ITtft
firit TTTT ft TttT (saros) ST^TTT T f l T f ffft | I T T ? 1 T n f T H l t fT 1 1
I ff H t t t l fT TIT TTftTTT i r f l T t ft ft STTTT IT, f f ^ f f g f l i f itt
isnt % ftitiifi % 11 i ? % T i ft 11% TIT srrft fT i i iTtitit ft
ft f i s T T i T f f 11 ITft ffs Tfnrti ft f;n-ii % m % fstr f?ft irft
it ftit 11 f T S T T ft T i m f i n ft f f T | ff Tfnrti
i m T t t % 111 ft
qf qgr 1 i t T f i t % sTft T t i i
f T s ft i i fT m fir lit fii^rtfri
imrtt ft ITT fTiT ff I f ^ ? ^ Ttnt ifrt ftft |q ftti-in>3it fr
g i f t TOT ftTTT 1 1 % f t 3TR % if TT fifl^ T l fT i t TT5T ftTT I H
?fJIT i t fiOTI ft T TT % TTH ftft T t qf T^T ft 5t T f i t " f> l ^ f t Tf
feTT ft fSTT f f 3IT TTTTf f T TTI i t H TTT | I T f TT Tt TfT
=Tf TTt % 5?T I I l i f t Tf ftnS I f f i r t T t T t ft T f T T f H I TT I TfT
=Tf f t T f f a ^ T H I f f =TT^ H i t ft f l T - f l T T f l H i t STTTTtHit
ft -HSH srtt f T % TfT 5;ft ftft, T f T I f ft ?Ttt 3TT|ffT ft i t 35=ft
H i t f t ^ f l T T i t t S T H T t H i t ft T'S cTTT t f T - T f T ftft I I T fcffTTt i t ? :
T ^ i t % i f f c f f r s % H I T % f R T Tf T f T T f fgfT-TS,TT-=Tf i t f f T H
T f H I I fT%T f l H f i t f t i T f % S T t f g f T H T T T i t f T ' H t T t HfTT T
TfSTT' TTTf f T T n I T H =TTffq I fT^Hf^T H f s f T ft T f l T f i t t fg'fT-
TSTT-Tf f t T T H I T I
R V ? H 5 H M 5 f g f T S = ^ V ? X R ^ * ? ^ U ^ ? = '5;K=^Vy.ôô?
H f S H T t fT f T S = ^ H ^ X ^-i.'J^zir^R^
H5-tT| T5fgfTS=z^V^XR\3'^n^^ =^y.t;mV3
ntfT-tT| = n X ^ Y V ^ rz'S.y.ciV^c;
TT U f?T = \^X^\rR'i%^\R + ll = 'iX=^V%Wi
s r e i f 1 ^ % i t T t f T - H ? % T f T i T t =TTcfTtî H f l i T T T2H%
f R i t ft H T f t % f s q S T T H i t S t f | I SfriT l i t f t T? f l H t T ft i t H T
? n T T H T T f H f ^ T f T I H T i t f f =T?SH i t t f T % T f i l fT f T t T Tf |
ff tTf srtt % g H T f 3Tgt =T?SH srtt f T T t sr^TfTt 'Sfft| f n i f t %
T f m t f f 1 ft Hft I I TSTI? ft I T f T T i T Tt ffTT TTT | I
T'5H fT ^TTtftHTH fTSTTTft: I
3T^fTf TTT 5'it ^ T H ' T i t T j : II i(. II
nTtrttT Tf?fS I TTH BTTtfeTtTiHH aTTTfq; I
T?f fT 1THSTT&T f t t ^ TfTH^fT??TfT: II \ II
H H f i i I T HciTT I t t H 3'itfTTH fTTTttg; 1

cT f T i t SifT T?TtTHtlt ftfTTT T ^ = T t T H II O II
TTsit TfTT ffSlTT: TTT^ f t f t H i H I T T t T f i S T ^ I
s r f i : f T ? T fTfT T^TTTq; t T T t T t t T H T T 3ff5Tfi; II II

T t f T tTTtfnTHsfTMHft: I
S T T T t c T T n f H T H i n i ST^TTfT^ II II 1 5 . T. ^.tVo
sriI f T Ift % fT tTTtf ( tTf ) ft f^l T T ft STTS^TT

ffTT g T m\ s t T arqft ^ T T T ft i^ | q i s i % TtT q | ii a, ii | !
IT 5% srrfll % Tt% f i t | f ?TTt5 ft TTTT fT TT1 ffTT TT s r f i ft
fttTTfT ( 5<tT T n T1- TTTT ) ft ^T ft f T T f fT ft TTT ffTT 11 \ II
I ! 5*^rt t f f t 5t|t STft 5 ^ TTft ft ft TTTT T T % fTtT f T T S
T TTT fT f T T ft, TcTTT ft fT sftt tTÎT T H fttt t5TT f t t II ^ It
TcTtt % ( TcTt frfTT H i t % ) TfIT ( t i f T T T ) 3ifT ft i T T T i t f t ^TT
ft% ( T?fTt f t f t i q ) 3 ^ 1 f t t t TTTf ( ^ T f T n ) H T ft TffB f t f t
|IT TTT % H t T ( ftT f t f l T T Ift f q ) 3TTfTl ft f T f t i t t s f s STTTt
itt tTf f t HTT fT T t f T ffTT II =: 11 f^TT f T f t t l | ft T T ft STT^TfTT
ffTT H 3Tf"t %TS 3TfT ( f S % ) i t T f t HH f t T % I H f t | TT% f s q
T T T T f> TfT II ^ II
ITT i t TTT tTS T ft f f t T f I I qf i t fTTfT fT f T t T , tTTtfHTf

S t f t f H t T #1 TT H T f T t ft f T f TfT5T fT H T f t H T t t TTtt s t f i i t T t
f H t T TfT % TtsT ft T^TH m T I T f ^ t H T f t T f f T 3 f t H | f f T T f l S
ft T f T f T frtT spTfTt Tt TTH TTT H f f ^ f T T % T T H t f t HtrfTfTT Hit
Tft H T f t i t I T T t t T T T i T f T^T f T f S g T | f f i f T T T f i t T Tt^ i t t T t
Tt TfT % H t t T srtt 3T?g f t SfTTi i i t t 'kX^V^ f ? T f TTTT H % TfT
Tf ft H i t T f T t f t TfT^TTTTt Tt f f H f t i ^ I StfT itT Tt I T f H H
ft 1 l i t f s q T t T i r ft i r T T f t aiTT f t T | | i H f f T f fTsrif f ft
TT
^ i f t r f t t T H fTT ft V o o o ^^ 5^ f>ft % fr^T TfTTf f TS HfT^t

T f T itr ft f t Tfft I I T T t f f T f TTf % f ? T fTfTTSITTf f H H HtTtT
H T I fr I tTT f f 3;qt fTTTTT ^T f f T | I T H t f. f f T t it H T I T ft
fgfT TS,TTt f f ? T t T I H T T t H H f t T TTTt f T T T Tft t # Tft t 1
T f T f STtfgT f T it ? T q fft i f f H Hit T Tqsssr | T H T T^TTt

fgfTTt, m^TTTt, TtTt fTTTT i t t itit STTTt f T T T T 3q^5sr | i t t TSTT
TTH f i i f T T^T ft f t T| I i t T T T T T TTH T^^TTT f T T5tT TT I T q -
ttT5 fTTTt fT TfritT ?T^q f f t I H ^ ^TtfTT ft TTSST ftH | i t TTH
% H t T fTfTTt, T8iTTf % H T ft H t f T f t H | I ftH'^ ^TtfTT f t T T T T %
TfHt X. TTt fT q f f T TTH T H | i t m S f T T f f f T 31T Tf^T | 1 q f
Ttt T T f T i f fT TTH T H | , I T f s q X Ttt TTt T y A = ^^ô
TTTT fTT ftft I I qf fT ft 5^^ H'5 T T T sftt ^ TTT ftft | IT TfTt
1f1% apFl^ ^TTRT
. 11 ft ^ i f l l T I ftft I 1 I T ^ ifllTIt' ft f g f l l f f t i t I I 51 ft
?;V3 TT5TT1T1 ftft I I I T I H S I T X = ? =;o^ TOlf f t TTt f t T T | 1
51 f T 3TrtT TrTtTTOT 3T1TT ?f5T1TT1I?1 ft f>1T | , 11 1'31T i t t f 1
i t i f TfTgT 1^1 q t ftft I i t t I T T I T I fT ITt'^l f t i T | I ift :
t r t T f ftft i t I T f t TTT I T f ITTtrat I
?TT1 l ^ r f l f i 1 T T ? 1 T : g^55tSTiW?f II % II ( T T ^ T SJTtfTT)
l l t f 3T1 I^STT i t t f T qf ITT i f T g T TOT q t I T f T I ft f t & | l i t

51 fT I T f ? ITT sftt T l t T T I fT I T t f l f t i T | ; i t f^sqs,T f T I T f ? itt
gqiti ftir 1 1
ftrr^ ^ i t f i T ft t q s | f f f i f T TOif f ITT %TS =T?5TT, fT % TSTT
i f T T f f t T I I T % TTTTt T t TTT^ Tft i f T T t T f T T T f % T f T T t | 1 I T f t

tqs I f f T ^ r i f itt faf^rif % iiicTf fiiiT I T T T T Tf i f t f f q Tft
ft I ^ T f f f . TT % TTTT fTlf f t T'sTT i t t f T f ^ i f f t T^TT fT IHt
ft% T T i qT T ^ T T T T T T I f t irf^Tf fsfTTT H T f t i f | ; i t t I T t TfTt
H?TT % TOT i t i f?Tt' ft T5T1 T^TT ft TTT I f t T5Tif fT TTT TTSST
f f T T |1T TTTT ftTT I 1 ITft f T 5 | f f TSTlf % f t i t T TTT fT f t f f T ? 1
1 f t I I ? T H T ft H t f t T f l T t , T T T f f % f?T i t t T f t % T f l T f fT f t t
Tc%T 1 f t I 1 i t f t f T H f ^ f T T T t t TTt % H ^ l f l f f ? 1 ft l l T ^ ft qfST
I T ^ S H l f i t t H5TT TTTf % H i t ft f S T T f t f t | :
K T t t ^^=^%rR'J.\^%RXX=K'='-RVR'='l^l fTT
%R m^?mm=RVX^,o'<%X%.R = l^^'^'^'^K f?T
=^\3 H5T1TTT = ^V3-^;^t\^X'5j\3= ?=;ô-y.i(.n f ? T
TfTTftqTEHT i t f I T f t feftit i t ft % H ^ îtf^T % I f H t fTHT-
: f f T TTfsfT i t I I
? f T ft t f T l i = . =tfTTT1
?fttTTT=ô gttfTT=?=:oo
=^STT1='5;^ =TT?S f T 1 = ? = ; ^ o
STlfHT =^0
H T T fTT =?=;ô
T^ritTi =?'=;^sc
HSTH
1T51T1lfT1 =?^^=;
q? i k TT i TTTT fTT =
=TFSfTT =^^^
TOitTT = ^^\3
q? i f s i t T 3fTT T T H
gtt fTT =?c;o
T T f c S =TF? i t t T3:=grT^tT 5JTTtTT % f s i r H i | q "TTT^fT f T i
T F 5 H T > ' 3ftt H t g f T T ; TTT TT % T t t fTTTt* i VAo'?.\3 ?T aTHt | \
1T?T H c T T T | | H f ? T I t T T H t W T % fTT T T T'STT f T q ? f T T f f T|f
i 3rTt*T ? t T T H f t f t T t T!=T T T % 3T?g ft T=TtTTHt*T fT fTT Vô<?.i5
% Tti5 f t f t H 3Ttt % 5TY % T H t T t T f 3THt S T T T q f TT^STTT f^T
3ITtf X-ô'?.^ X ^ = ^^'^Kt;R f t H ^ T I I T f s q ^ T f T % T H ft q f
TfTTTT T f T f f t TT&TT, i t T3=H^tT T t T H % f s q ^TT ftTT I TTtTtT
STtfTT % TT?ir S T f To T f t HSfcirr % TTTfHt TTf T
^y.'.|= ^ i ; BTfTTTT H H f f f t I ff^f H t c l T i | j X ^ y . = ^ . Tf^TTT f t
HH ft'ft I I T f s q %TT^ siftfTT % 3TfTTt "^X TT! ft T^f^fT TTTf f
BifTftT; ^ 3Tf?lTTT 3Ttt f f i | , f s i T f t fST Ift T t f t T H ^ t T 5TTtH
55 f t T f T t I I 3TT: T T % f l S ft ^ f T ft T f ? f T n TfTTTT
feTH f t Tt f S TfTHT f t H ^ , I T f s q srf^T '^K T TT ft q f
TfTTTT srtt f T f t Ift T TfTTTT ftft I T ^ T T t H ft fTT TfTTTTf
ft TfT ftft ft TTT 3Ttt fTT T f T T T T f fT cTIT f t f t ft T'| i f P T c T
( 5TTTTT ) f f f t ft I TtfsTT f T T f i t T T | ff s r f T H T T i t i t t H i ft T T
T T f t T T T 5 T f H f t i t i t 1 STT: T f feTTT T f T T f t H T T f i t | I
^TtfTT ft T l t T T T T t i T % f T T H T ft 5 f T T T T T t * T % f ? T T f
f t T T H f t % TTft T | fTT ( T f S T H T H t ^ T % fTT ) ft TTft ^ t ^ fTT
( T l t T T T T t l T % f ? T ) f t T S T f t TTft TT % H f t fTT f t TfTT ft ? f t
TTT I f t s f s T f e T i f T f f ? T f f s ft T S T T i t fTTt fT fTSTTT S T H TTT | I
f f ? f fTTTTTt fT STfHT H/^ ^^T | , STTtf TTft f ? T fT ^TtST TTft TfT
f?T |> I T f t T t T t TSt H i t I T f â. i T STSTTT f t f t T t | 1 Tlfc^TT fT
3imTitTfr|l ITfsq f ^ fttfTTT Tf TTTft | f f %H1=-îtfTT %
f T T H T ft TTTTTT T H T | , f f ' f T f TTTiH Tlffq ff ftH^ ^zftfTT %
TTT H T t fT f T H T T f T t - T H T T t H H H Ttt fTSitt TH TTiHfTtHT
ft H T f t fT 3t?f(tT TT I Ttt f f t T T f t T T T T t f l t ft i t 1 fTTS
11 filler
f ? 1 I T I I S I f I T I, I I T I S I f f % H t T f T S H H - f T f l % s i l f r t ft i T
f S I H t 1*11 I I 1 1 STfTt szftfTT fT f i T I ^ 5 I T t g t T | 3 1 %
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??f^grfif) TTH^TtTT^ HTfTS^Tf flfTf^^f ( H I 3 T T T \ )
i f T ^ T ft TTTT f t 51 fsrfTT ft 5Jft f q TSTTYft T T H H T l f f q I
%?tT3TtfTT "ffsg fT TfV | , I T f s q T5,T1t % sn"t fT TiS OTT T f t f ? H
T H I, f f f f H f t I S f t T T T ^ i t f g q ft f T T ^ r i t fT TiS l ^ f t | sftt TH
T H f l , f i q - f l , ^ T , H T f t , TTTf, T T , t l itt i f T T T ft Tt T H T ^H
T T 1 ft TTtJT f t TTSTt TTt | T H 11% TiS T t H T % fcT ft f | T^
I I IT T f R fT l i f t t f f SiftfcrT f T S ft T f i T q i f fST 5TtfTT
f t T s i t TtT T ? 1 f t Tt I
STt fT ftrrf ^ i t f T T ft T5T1 T T H TTTSt fT f l ^ T f t 1 % tI TTT

%TS T T H % HtT f t TT'STTTY i t t H S T f l ^ f l f T S % f T T T f f t TC=H
fTTtftT f t TTt I I t %TS TSTT T 1 H % ^T'CT fT ifcffTflcT ftTt | I
f ttfTTT f l S F T f % TTTTTTt T r f f T T l f ft f t T i f t T f ^ ftlHTT f i f i fT
Tlfl'SfTt ffTT H T t t T f i f t f i f i ( i f t f T T TTT ) % ^T T f TftcTf 1
fT i t t f T S - T 1 H f TFTT % ^ T ft f T ^ l f f 1 fT T H STTH H I Tttl
T T H T f l i f f 1TfT<:f i t Tt T f t f I H f t I I
ftTfTf TTTf f t t f T T T szrtfTTt ft ^Tt TTT f f t | f i T f t ^ T t f T T T I H %
T f T T T H T f fT q f T T H H f i f i ft f t T H TTtT f t H | I ^ T f T f fT
TTJST I f f
" T f T f t f t l f T fTTft ^TtfgT f fsq Tf 1*11 11TTT, ITfTltT Tft-

fflTt ft IcHT Its ^ T T sqT^^âp fTtTfflTf ft THH i t I i t H T
f T t - f T t T H 35Tt ft l i f t ft i f l T f l T f ? T T f l i t i t , T ^ f t f l t H t fsft T q
f T I T S T t f f t f t TTftTfT T TTTt f T l f l T T T T f S f t I f l T f T T H l f fT i t T
Tft f t i t , f f f f f T T f T T H l f ft f i T T ffit 1T?li f Tift I R f t ( f H t
) ST? f ? H I T?ftft f i T f T T T H i f f t H I f?1T I S T T I f t f t f T T T l f
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^Tft T t H f t H T t I, f T T f T i f T T T T | f f 5 T f t f T T f T T H T H T T f T %TT
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ftft t . <^^1^t q ? TTffT f T^TTf TTt TSTTT ^TTfeT f"tTt | t ^ i t f T T
% 3 F T fT TTT ? T T TT T f t f T T - f T S f f f TTT TTT f t T T l"
îf^fTl t Ecliptic-) ^^^j||5^^^
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IfTi I
T ? 5 T f T Y fT %T f t f t - f t f t S t T I T f T ^ f T T t T|% ff T?5TT fT T f T
fTT T 3 T Y % TTT ftTT | ft f t TTf TT ft f T % TTT t , T T Y f f |T'5TT T t t
f T % STTT TTT q f | T t ft S T T T X T T f T f"tT TTTft | q f 2ft | qT
TT% f I T T fT?|3TY f t t T f q T % 5 f f f t | I TT T t gfTTT t T f TTTT
TTtT f t T t I T T t ft H ? T f T % ? f g T t T t ftft f t TiTTTTT f t T t | I f S T :
t f T - T T T ft f t tTf sftt % 5 fT?|TY % TTT HSTfT ^ f s T t l t ft'ft 1 TT: Tf
fT5TT fTT f f ft TSTT T t T'^TfT ft tTf, % 5 fTr|TY T t ^ f S T t l t ftft |
% f T % ^TT-TT't % T T T S ft | I I T T f T t f T % ^ T T - T T T f t lTStp3f
TTTT l ^ s t n ( T f T ) fT TTT ( f l f T ) f f T TTT 1 TTtT ft I T f t TTT f T f ' T -
| T IT f s q f f f f f T f T f f T T f T fT ^fsTT TTTT T T t T T T I T t % H t T
TTT ftTT TT, f l f t f i f ' T f f f t | I
f t T T I T T f T f T % TtT ftft fT T f T t TftTTT f T f S T f f T T f l i t T frîf f t

T f T T f fT S t f - S t f f T T t t T f t T f T I f t T T T T f H T t f T fTTfT f t îftfTfTTt ft
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T T H ft T t TftTTT f T f S T , T f H f T T ft f T % TtTt T t t Tf^TT TTT ft
T t H T f fT f T T t t T H 1 T ^ H ^ f T S ft T f l f T T f T % T T T f t T f (z.o) f f
TTf S T IT f H f T Tt T | H H f f T T f T fT TfSTT ft T t T T T T f t H | TT
TTT f 5 T TTft ^ t H f t H t , T t t f T TT% TTT fsifTT ft T T t f t T t t TfTT
TTtfT f tcTT I I TT ft TfTf?T 1T% T^TTf f l f s f T T T f t T ft f f T H ftft
STTt I, sftt I T T f T t q f fTT ttTT TTTT | , T T f T fT T T T f t T TTft # H
^ H I 1 I T fTT fTT fT TTT TTft T?T ftTT T t t f T TTT: f T S fgrfTT f T
ft Tqft T T t T T T f t TtH THT f t ?f5TT f t T t t TSTT Ht^T f t H I I
m spfir^ fii)T5r
l i r f t TfelTHTTtH f ^ I 1 I T TtTt' % TST i q f r?T ^ 3TTTT | TT

f f fTT T k TTT % TTT TTTTT ftft | I I T f I S f > f T f T f f T S f ^ | , Tf
ITS ft Tt T K srrTT I I
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ft I T T t T f fTF|T>' fT f l T T c T f T ^ H T TTT f t TfTT f ? I T f T fT^TT T f t
ffTT TT T f T TT I S T t fT TtST ftTT ^TtfTT % fsq q f TTTTT f',
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TT^TT T T H 5 % ^T ft f T f T f | T f T fTTtTT ffTT TT TfT I TTT f |
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ft ftTT I T f t f T f T f | T I I T f fTT^ S T t T t s % f^TT T^TTTf f T fT
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ftft I, ^ fsrfTT f T ffft I I T f I T f s q T t s f ? T T t TfTT f f f 5:Tt fT
fqo^ TT % TTTT TTS | I T f t TtT f T f t t f T f TfT ^T ft T ^ T T f t TtT
f t T t I, TtT T f 1^ TT q f fTTT fTf| ST^T % TTTf TtT f t T t f I T t T F T
ft S^Tt % T T T sr^T % TTTft ?T^TTTTT | I fTTft TTf TTT TTT fti^f f t TfT
5T ft Tf^TT f t TtT ?fSTtTT f t T t | ff^^f ST^TTTTT f?TT ?^T ftTT | I
^fT"^ TT T f ! f T f?TT | TTft Ttft TTfTT ft q f fTf| f f t q T f T Tft

TTST (Zenith) ( STTfTT fT T^T ) f | f t TtT I T TT^T ft ^T^TTTTT ft TTT
|TT q f ffT T t T Tt i f t f T TfsTTtTT f T f ^ I T f Tf^TTtTT f T fsTfTT
f T ft T f f T T T fTTT ft fTS^T | TTft T T T fTf| TtT T f f TfsTTT ft ftSTT |
Tft TfsTT fT?f f | f t ! I T TfTT 35ET T T E T ft T T : T T M T f T s r t T T ^TT
ft TTiTtTT f T % f T s f t % f H | f t TT: T T S T f ^ I T T TfSTT T T T fT^TT
% 3 t f TST ft 5 T ft 5T f T f ftTT TtT T ^ T T ft T ^ T T f H | ftTT I I T fT,
Tf5TT TtT T t T f T T ^ T f T Tft | q f T f t f T ^TtTTfT f ^ I
TTfTTtT f q i ^ 3 ^ TTTT % TTTt TtT T f r f T T TTft | fTTft f f t T T T fT

fTTtTT f t r r I I S T t % Tt^-fT"^ TT T T T fT fTTtTT f T f t TTST Tt TTft
T f T f T I 3ft f T f T f | 1 f ^ I I I T f t T T f TTft TfT fTTT TTT Tt T f TTfT-
^ftJT filTflrT TT TiftfrT ffT llftnT I I l f T f T T k l STFTtl S>ff ft
1RT %t f t W T f ÎTfft TFTfT ffTT TT I fSTfcTSffTft ITTTT^ ^ Tt ftlT-
?Tf cBTTf t , Tft fT srsTTT ffft | 1 T T TfsrTtrTT fff ft sraTIT fcT f t t
TT TIT ff?! ft T T T T fT fT TTTTT ST^T fT ?TTT fTTtfTT frft sflr Tft
5frTtTT |T ft Tqft T T ^ T ft TSTtT-ftT |;Tt TT ^f f i f fT sft I
T T f ^ l TtT 5T qf?TT fT?|Tt ft TTT fTT ffT fftfTffT ffT TlftTT I fT
ITt fTf Tf f T ft TfTT TTT TfsiT q f fTTT ftTTcTf f f t T f T T T fTTT
I I ITfT TTT fft TTft T | TtT TTft frrt % TSTTIf f l f s f TTT f t r t
ft ft TTTT I I T T f TT TtTt f t i t % THT % Tift % f5T ft fT 'fTfTf'
fff % 3frT TTT Tf^TT TTTT | I IT TfTT fTT fTT T^TT^ fT TTTftT
T5TtT f5T ftTT I TT fTT f T TTfTffT ft TTTT | TtT TTfT TTT 5tf
5T fT?| ft ftTT t I IT fTT f t fTf Tf fTT f fft | I TTTT ft TTT IT fTT
f^T-TTT TTTTT ftft t TtT TTT ft fT fT TTT fT fT?| ft ftTT tI TTTTT
ft f t l Tt Tf T5TT Tt fTf Tf f T ft T | T T Tt TTfT TTT TTT Stf ^T fT^f
ft ftrr TtT T?T qf5TT f T f ft ftTT I T fqog % T l % TTTT Tt^ ftft ft
fft Tf THfTfTf qfTTTT TqssT ftTT | I '
Tfqo^ % Ttr ftft fT fTTT qfTTTT f?^5TTfTTt fT JT TtT qfrlT

fTTTTt ft qfTTTT | I TfT f t l STffB ffTt fTTT TTTT ft JT fT5TT ft | Tt,
Tf ?TTT TT ^Tfr; ft Stf T f ^ T T fTTT ft Tft ftTT I f f f fTf Tf f T ft Tf
TTT Tft f t i t Tf! TT JT qf^TT f t fTTT ft frrfT fTTT Tfit I TT^fTTTTT
ft ITt f t S5T f T % fSTT t f f :
cT^T ?IT1 Tit f^ Tcj; ?TTg;5TT=5Tt ^cT^cT^T ^ftcj; Srit=51T^ I

fTTÎ^TTfi^TW rr?iTT?srrTtsrit^t =T f r f i i i ^ II
TTtf f i g TT T T T Tft ft i t ?TTT JT ft ftTT T T ?TTT ft Tf q f ^
ft Tft ftTT; ffJf TertrftT T I I TTTT fTfTffT % Silit ft ^ Tft ftTT I
TTtq; Tft TT TTTT ft Tt JT ft ftTT Tf TTTT TTft qf^TT ft ftTT ft,
T T f TTTT ft Tcftf ?TTT % JT TtT qf?=TT f H f fTf TfffT ft ft ftft | I
Tt ffT fTfTfffT % s l i t fT i t j i qftTT fTfTffT ft ft ftTT I fTfTf-
ffT ft TTTT TTRt ft Tf? f ft T qf5=TT ft | Tt T ft f JT ft Tft ftTT I
TTtff T TT Tf^TTtTT ^ TTTTft TtT f ^ T TTfT JTtTT f T TTTTft Tt Tf
f % JTtTT ft fTH f t H I TTtf TTTJTtqT f T fTH-fTH ftft itT l i t
R Io
fsq I f R f i f i t l e f t ? WFT TT f i n - f i n ftiT, f f J f flTSST S i l l i 1^
sftT ifsn T , i f s i i i i sJr ftft i t T ft f t ifrr sftr T f s n f i f ffft i n
feq fiT5T TII ft 111 iTTc ifs?n f i f q ? f t ftTt jitrrfi it
frflf|1 ft ftir, H fsq iqftB ITTTITti ?11 I I I T its ffi; %
If T I I
iT5it sfir fT ?t i f l i f i t m f t % fsq i i i i i irritif ft ir^s-

m f ?t s n r t i m f T i f ft ira fîr itT Fff m s m t ft ITTIT ^
it s n r f m ir?sT f?iT i n i t ft^r^ n>fiT % TTTTI ft U T I T IT i?r

I; f?Tf n HT ft i f T m > ' ?r TT^gfT? m iff ITSST ft I?T, wfsq
H 5 i r itT f i ?t i f i i f ? T f 5 i fTftn n i I f l l 1 i t ITT I ftrtsf
fm strt ft f t u m fifi % irfHiTT % T T T i^sir itT f i % ftif %
HTT Î'S-Hiit' i t T i^TTT ?T i t 1T?ST fTH If HTlflfH % IcTH
f u e pTT I itHFTI f i f i ft l i m ISTTf?|S ft f T % Utit ?t
H n t l T f 1 ft STTT H H |; ITft ?H1 % l^tTI ( i t ITTitt ?t
^ i r f % f5T in ftHI ) ft 11TT H=TT H I ?Tft |, ift TfT 3iTfn
^ I TT? fT f i f TTf 1 ft n f i n % f ^ T ft i s H f ft i i T - T f n
f t H I 1 1 f i fifTT|1 ft I I T f t H i t IITTSilfn itT TfSTI ft f t H
i t Tf^nr^TfH ftit, f^^f Tf ^ r f n srfifTi TfTTiTits ftit 1 1
f f i t fTT ^ H H I H f? 3 i i H I I T ft 1> TSft-lsft I f 15Ttl % f n

T i t l 15T1 i t i t I l l t f ISHfTHS TT H t l i i r i t i 15Ttl % f51 ft
HftiT I H fTI 15Ttl aftT I T t i fT I H T ^ H ftH, w f s q Tfl3;i51
^ T ftit 11 I TTI it fifif 11 Tzftf? 11 f ? i f i ? T tfi?
fg?! spfft
I l l fT>pf f1 1 ft ftir I ^1; ftifi f i t i 5 ? T f T T f i it? f i i T f f i
? 5rfi=^ fTT| " R : f t f t i t I fî i m T I I n r T T , i m t i T | i i
f i ? r H t i I i t z T f T ? 5511 itT 1 f T f I f |i i h : n r i t w r f 1
f T i f H f ^ i I i i f s q ziT 1 1 mm itr | I T I^T Z T ^ 1
ZT f T, = Z T , f 1 = 11T Tfi ftfn I ^ft f t ZT f T ,
Z T f T = Z l f T , = T f m Tfi I f l f l f f?1 i Tfi ?T H t l
I s i T f ?T55 Z T f 1 f t i T i t 1 5 T t l % f 5 1 ftTT, i t T f i 1 f l f | TT f t i T I
11 f i q T f i ? T f T i ?T i m f t i T i t T T I fî f i i ^ T ^ T t n f i itr i fi
fifif f 1 % i ft ftiT i t T T f t i>T 1 fl fit i ICTT ? t ifT I
fT T f i TTi?TF=cr i t r f t i T 111% m T i i t Ttfi i f f t i t f n f T i T f i TT

T i t l IT i ?5t2T TTSSET f t T l fTT T S T t i i l l i t TST% i i t itlTcl?
m TTSsq f t I T Tf T f i T T 1 f Tf?T f t i t i t T i f t ITT f n f T I f T TT
TTti IT i TfT f t i r n i ft mm i t i s r i ft i t TTSSW ftit 1 n T T I
f T P l flTfTt i t TTTPT f T f ?fft | i t T n itit' i i m T f i f l i f ft

^ i 1 ^ 1 ? ^ 1 1 i f T T T T t i |T ? f f t 11 f i i ft f i ^ ST i T i i t T f 1 1 i t r
T m i t T 1 f l ft i t l Y l T T "?.o-"ôil % 11
T T f 1^ TTT i t HT^Tft % f s q creit i t IT % H T I m i T 1I15T? |

Tt TT^TfT? I ^ T i r f t fTTT i i t i t TS % f i ? r - f i i TfîtlT ?mt
ft ^ T T t t i t f l T - f l T T I T l T t ?T ? T T 1 TTRT 1*11 1 f t IT TT f ? T f i t
TTsfs^ i t f ? f f i t T m ft J T T f 5 i i i t i t T % T l i t ft eriTT^ i t ^ i r f
ft i f f TfcTT T f f i t T T T TT I TJST: f l i t T i r ? 1 T % S T I I H I % 1TTS
ft iît % ft ftfT TTft ITST ITIT TTT I 11% TTT TTmTlts ft
T t f l q f ^ft TTfTT i t s f t f^TTT ft T f l f l ft ^TF^TT % f s q f f t ifti
ffTT f n f r %?? f%?? ft f t f t I
giTTTT TTT ft TTTT ? m TfTTfTT Tfi fTTT IT I llfsft Tf TTTT
TIT f f STTTTTT i t T i i t % %TS f t f i s r f t TTSt ^TT % TTTt i t T TOI-

Ta555 fT t f l f STH |1T fTTT | I l l f s q ^TTTTT i t T TTfTT ft TTft
f i T t f H | ( T 1 S T ) ft f t f T ^ f 1 fT T I T S STTTT T f ^ l i t l T f 1 HIT
T H I f 5 8 TT n U T S % ^TT f H l t l f-îsstT Tf^TlttTT ( T T * i t l T )
f 1 H H T H I n f t ?TTTTt a^T f % ' ? f t flSTft H s t t:TT f i ! ^ ft
Tft fTsit i t n ?TT1 ft HflT ^ ffT ITT I ft ITT H T T H ifSTI
?>ff ferrsff i t I i^Tft fasiftciiî tTT f t ?nTfs, ^ T f T srrf? iFft
ft f f T T T T I l i t ^ T f g % 3?rC S M M f%TSnTft T T T S f t iTf %
55 TT fr fTlTT|fr ffr T T T I TTfTT T t s ft l?ft f t T T t s t T f T l T T | T TTT
f?TT TTT I T i t T^TT i t ? T f t fT t f T f TFCITT l i t f T f T T f T % TTTTT'TT
f i t ft ftTT I fTTft fTSTTTT TSTTt i t ? f T % t f T f T f t ^ T i t % S^TT f t
3 n f T T I I ITftyq T f f T f T f f l fT fTTft f l S T T T T fT f S anTTT | I
ftTT^îtfg^ ft ? i T T T fT TTT fTTt f T TTTTT TTT | sftt fTTTTf

f T S T H ft TTft f 5 T ^^y. fTT n Tft TTTTT TTT | f f f ft TtTt f t T R
TT^TfTfTT ft f t I I T T t r f T f T t t T T fT T R T5TTt % %T ft f t TTT ffTT
TT TfTT I I TTTt tTT % T T T f t | TTtT T T n t T t f T T TTT Tt TTft
T f T R s t f T q , f f t TfgfTT TT% TT^TtTt f T ft Tift % TTTt ft l^ft
i f f T ftft TTiq I ^'^!<. T f ? T T f TTtT TTTt tTT T fTTft It TTT
TrFTttrtffT ft TT% T T T T T f t f S T s TTT f f t T fTT TTTt tTT
ft fTTTT T T T T f ^ T T f T TT*TtfTt f T ft TftT f t T T f t i t f s T stfTq (
T T TT T t i f T T T t f t i f f TtfTCr I TT T f TTT ft TT TTT fTT I T TfTt
fT T t T R TTITT Tft ^ ^ U . ft T t f f t T t TTTTT t f T T5TTTT fT fTTTcTf
TR f t r r I TfTTT I T T f K ftTT I TfT TtTt H T t t % T t T f t S ft T^t
f r s r t I Tt T T T TTTt f T S ft TTT ?
fTTftTT, T TT;^ Tf Tit J{

fT TfttTTfT I I f T SSr fT ^-"""""T
TFTtrt fcT I I T T^tTT fTT|
TT, T TTT THt fTS, T TT^
fitT T H t fIS I I H , H ,
qf fHT ft H t % HTTttrt Tftr
fTS fT THt ftH I Tf THt L
f T T n f % 5TtT f t HT ffTT
TT T f H I 1 H i t T s t i f ft I T H T f t HtTT T R % TTTT H H ft
fsH H I f T f T S T H T t f T ? TT T5TT fT H T fTT U TSt
TS % S T T T f f T TTT | I T T ^ f t T H T ft I T H T f t I'kK fTT U TSt
TS fTo TfT fTTS f55TT | I f f ^ f T^ftft I T TT fT T R fTt-
TT % ftr ft S T H I i t THTt % sr^Tt ftsift TTft % f T t T H T T TT H T
ft fffB ft ft m t 1 1 ffTf iT?ftTiTi fsf^cf l i m tfi ir^Tui m
f l 5 1ft ftiT I t ^ i it ITftft I f titfTt f f i I ff Wm ft I H T 15fT ft
f i , fTfn q t i ( i T i H m ) ft ftiT I I
STITitSllit IT ^15: ^ l ^ f ^ q T ^ ?1T^ I it. I
iTffif tfi iTen l i m f i f i S T r i t i l i m ft <TS % s m
11 sftt m i i i m ft s n u f u s isr 1 1
i T m fô qo fT
ftiTf sitfii o 1 o
fquiffisTTi 1 I
fifiî'T ^"kX 1 U I fiirftifT %
1 ?v I iriTt "Tt
IfTf"^ I U I
ftTHH ftrttifi
ITfflf
a r i t i i t i t ft tfT f t i s T n f i l i t l i m % STtT TTO f f i r IT \
TIfT T f q n ft t I IT^TIli f?1 i^TT ft ^^0 fisTT I i t q f f ? i
ft ITT ?
tfi l f l fTT: = y,Vit;"in" TTf? I
W TfTt tfi l f l fT m f> nft Tt 1F51T1 i t i m f T I i^TT ft

I f S l f l i t fTTTT f i f STit TT I f i t | Tltff IT^Sm, q f tfi IT?
i t i % i n f i ^ t f i ITS l t l fT H I f t i r 1 1 nft ^ o f i f i T t f t i t | i t
^ô" % f?T f t i t 1 1
1TTS1T1 fTI issTT ft ? ^0 fft^^gr | T"t q f f i i ft TIT ? l i f t sfsT
? f?1 m r i t tfi ITS T?TTTt % i i ftft 1 n I t ft 1T5TT f t t f l f
Tfi f H I T ft STit IT' I f i t I 1 TTTSm f t if? i f f i fTTi 1, i t t i t t 11
lOT f t 1 nft i t iTSTT f t t f l f l f l fT T i t f t l f i n t f f T f t i r 1
irsrfi
=(H)
)
nft ^Â^ FCR q? ivsj4fii f incWT ^ ^ x ' ^ K ^ ^ ^ ^ If qf i k -
l i i t fer i^T 11 srriTi arriigftt f i m T P T Tft ( i r s , | T ,
5^, f f , ?l1i ) it TSimfl IRT ftft fT Tft TfTt fi^T 11 tft
%frRfiitlTf^Tfît7|itlTc5 w f ^ ^ : I
^rfecrrmîtTTc^îim^j: ll ( T T T T O TtsTrr5itov)
fefrtfTTtTTfTfrnfT T T T T T Tf I f f f T I T T fTS ft fsjTfTTfT

ft JT fTf Ttt tfT %T5 fT ftTTcTf TTT TTT f t S 1 l i t ft TTTTTT
f # I I l i r TTTftTtstT fTftw fftfT ft tfT ft fTf^T fT TTT fTTT t
TTtff TTft | T sftt fsrfTT fTftTcTT f t l TSTtT fT f j ftTT sftt
Tft Tt TtstT TTftT fTfT ft STTT TTT f i Ttt tfTfi^ itft ftit TT
STfTTT ft ST^tT ftfe 5TT X 31TT =TTT ft ^TT = tfi fTf?TJTT ftit I tfft
3iTftT TTT ftftrt^^'^^^^rrtfT ITtT ^TT I Tf TTTT t f i ft
TtT fTTitSTT
f T 3 T T ftit I
STTtf ?sit Ttt fT % TtrftfT f r TTTT Tk fT H^TT % TtT ft
TTSTT fT TTTT TTT T^STT sftt TTtT Tft % TtT ft TTt TTtT Tft fT TTTT
ffJTT TTT I I irft TTSTT T k fT TfTTt fT TTTT TTfTT ffTT TTT I TTtT
Tft % TTTT TfT Ttt T K T Tft % TtT ft fft ffTT TTT | I ^ STTft
TTTift I Tf?5 fT irtstfTTT strt ft TTSTT ft fTTTTT ft ffT TfR ft
TTSSSf f ^ 5rT 3% TTST t| | I
ftitstfTTT % ^TtfTfTTt ft TTJTT ft TfTTt ft fTTTTTTt fT

TTTTR ftft % fscv qf T F T T T T flfT fT TTfTcfTt ffTT, fT% T T ? t ^ TTT
f ^ I I TTtt % TST TT5TT f ?TR TftTTTt Tt ?fSTTT f ^ ft Tf TTtT
ftTT I f f TTft tfif TfT TTft #2t ftft fTT: Tfft STTt | 1 itTf fST
Tf Tfit tfit I Ttt fft f Ti: ^tst ftft STTt | TTT fT: fTT: Tfft STit
I I Tf f T TtTTt TSTT tfTT | I ITft Tf f^fT fTfTST TTT f f T T J T T
?sit f =TTtt Ttt TTTT Tt ftT ft ft |, ffTf TTft Tfi Tft TTT #t
ftit I Tff Tf STt ft srfifTT ftt Tt ftTT f sftt Tff TTft Tfft TT-
ft SifTf ftit I Tft Tf Sit ft fHfddT ftt Tt ftTT t I TTcTT Tf f f Tf
fer | i ft l i a r | i^s sît ^ ^ ft iff | - ft i ^
ir srfftfH fft HST 5i%i it a n m ft Iir H H ? m qftifii ftir
tfH I > nft If fHf i fifTH I H Ff If ?H1 i t 1SH 11 Ffff 11%
isft fr ftl n n ft 1 1 srrit H H % Fstr m i H?>51 t^r i H i
qf mt ' H ? > i qti' q|=T ft Fft fitt H t H?>5i qt irft% m ft
s?Hf 11H Htr s i l l ^^3-.a.Ka.K FHT irft i | i t ir^Fif f s m i
ft it?t ft i F i f I I ^ i f k n stit ft n f r H I iT5iT5>iiti
( Anomlistic month ) t ^ | F f f i r t i t i ^JJtFTI ft If HS HlffS
HI ffr H H I \ litFf T T I HSH i t t Hs i?it=3T i f F i ft Fsiti i^s
Hit=5i igFT I f ^ô ^ f^ m HT%?s H I j f i fr frs H S H i t t
^ m > i it I F T I Y % H=Tt l l t l HT%TS iFi ft ft ftH I nfsq
n f t H T % 1 H I f f H ft i F l l I I n HT%TS HI1 j T T fTS sft? ^T?SH
% H I j f i fTst ft i t i F i f Htr iTSH % Hit=5i iFi fr m i H H H
I f H I I tft
Hs mit=5i iFi = xf?5ni fTS i5if fts
^ T f k i i stit ft H s H I îtFii ft H3[%Titi i r i t ft i^H ^vt;

FTI I H ^^'^ H ? %Tiri H i t f t FTHRHft^X.? 1T?gmit % 551 ffT
I H I I n I f l H ft HH H 5 H 1 %iitT H I ft fir i^H ^^.i(.5(.V.^^
I t i t 11 nFf iTfFif i'sH H^'..v.y.o 1 1
H i r i H 1 1 | ft n f i i 5 s t f ft H T s i n FTiif fr fî H I it 1^3-
i f i t % i H t F?iit ft F f H H I f i i f t I'SiFi f r i r m fftfi i n ftm 1

^ft ft H 5 H 3ftt Htr Tft % i t i ft ft H t r i f t % i m iftr % i m i fr
H f q i I f I Ff qf H t I ^ S H i t t H t r i f % i t i ft Fsiti irt i^sm sftt
HtTTf i t i I f % FTiit ft f i i irfiq i t t n FTiit ft ft w i Ift
H t m irt irtr i f f fr srHt H I ffm H i f H 1 1 n i t ft irtr i f iftr
8 T | I T Ifit I i f t
^^"'ymm^ ^^y^^-^^^ iFTfsT=TniRfST
/. =HSlfl f S T T c m t fST = in:T T f TfcT fST I

W f i f i ft TTCr Tft f t 1% STft % ftnx fTRT Tf % TTiTjfT fTS I f
Siftf i r a i T S ffgjTt fT H T 3r%f ftTT f>TT l ffTf fT% fstr grtTTf
aftt f T i t fTTttr ffTTt ft TTTT Tft fT TcTTTTT TtSTF JTf ft TTTT | I
srr#T f ( S % sitfrfTTt ft Tft i t TfTTt f t f f r T f K t t t ffTT TTft
ffITt TtTTT ft TTttTf | I TTTt ft TTT fTS STTT i t TT?TT f t fS^TTT
ft T T T TftfSTT TT irfstr ^^TfT Ttt f T f t TfTTt fT fT%TT TT T T T
fTT I TTtrtTt TTT ^ T i t ft fTT TT^STtt ^TtfTT f t TTTt f t fTTT
TTfT STfTfTT TTT TtTTfTT f t TTsfsq-if Tt TTTTftT TT, ffTf
T ^ ffT TT I f f I f f sittfTT fTTTTT f t TfTffT f f s T ^TtfTT f t TTTTTlit
f t TTfâ: f ^ % fsq |f I TfTTTtT ft Tft aflt fT%fTt f t ftTfft ft
TfTTT f t TfTTTTTT TTT f 5 TT^TfTTTt TTTTT TTT | I i f f TT TTTt ft Tf
ftTfr T% arftf TTTitr ^ r r f i t f t s t t ^ TTsrt Tf 11 Tft f t i t f n -
fTTt fT TSTTT ftft % fsq tT^T f t i t t ft ^TtfTTt fTfcfi ftft ft i t T f
TfT%^ tft ft f f f t r TTTf f T TftTT TTTt ft tfT | I f T TfTT TTTT
SttT ft tfT I I TKT ft ( f^, g f % TtTfTS ft f T f r T t T t T | I )
IT srfrît ft TTfTitT TftrrTfr f t TTtiffiTt i t frr^ TTrft atfT
f?TT I irft Tt TTT fft f i t - f i t TfTTfTT fkmi l i t i t , itifTfSf Sttfft
f t TqftrfT ft ft TTTft fTTfTTTT f t t T i T f 3 f t i t I f f t fTTfTTTTit f t
i t T i fsq TTTT Tft ftTT TfT I ffTf fTT^ 3?K ft TTT T T f i t ft Tf I
TTTft f ^ TfTTTTTTt fT T:p;T |TT I fTTft TT% fTTT ft TfTCTTTit i t
TtTTTT f f t TTH f f I ^TtstT TftTTTt ft fTTfTTTT fT tT^T Tft % T f fT
TftfTT fTS ( TTT ffTfTS ) | I fsrrft q f f t TTTfH % TTT TTt ft Te-
TTTq' f T : TfsT f t i t I t t : fisTTT ^Ttfrr f t t t t n f r Tft % gitr TtT
T f % TftStTTfTS fT TTT ft I I
f i srtt =TT5TT % TTT ffTftst f t TT TTT TTT ftTT fTTft t f i f

TTT TTtTT TITST+dlit % ftjq TfTTTT TT l i t f s q TTtT sftt ftitstfTTT
( s r f k T T ) ft siTT TTTsitt T3=Tr^t i t mm fT snfftEfK i t t i i t t
ft n i t T f f % TTT f f S f t TTTTT n f s q i t TtS ft IfT f f fTft Tfftif
1^1% w ^)fii? fii)T?r
it ferr q? it ( q f t i i ft j i i t i t t ) f t t f i t i t i n% fftrttcf
s m i f t f t l f l fen m ft q f i r t f i r t t i j i f t q f t i i f t i t t SR^T ft
TTTT f t i t it, f f ?5 n f fan K i t % tfft |q i t i t i f t s gf % n i t f t i -
tiit % artfff ft n i t fftTfTddiif % t f t i f i t i t s ft i t fTTT i
T ^ , f f t r f i sftt Tfft i t tTT % T T T fTtt TfsrittTt f T f t TK ftft
IftTlft 11 ^ f TTTt tTT f t fTT fTT Tf^TTtfTt ffT Tt TTT T T T T T fT TIT-
ft^ t ^ fSTT TTT fqRt fTTft fTTt % TTT ft Tf f f t TTTt tTT f t TfSTitTt
fT Tt 1% TTT T T T T T f t TTTT f t i t TTT I Tf T T T f T % TTT n Tft%
q f i f f i % TTT fTtt TffT Tf f t fTSTTfi f t i t I n f t tfTTfiffT fTS
f^ t I TItitT fftSTTT^TtfTT ft n f T TTT TftfT it5I %TSTTT ftTfIS | I
Tt Tf Tf^rit^ ft TTt ftft T T T fT ff^SitTt Tft ftft ( tft p

i t t ^ f ) TT% i t ^ T T T fTS srft f t ttfT Tf I f f TT ft Tf fT TT
Tf5TT f f i t q f fSTT ft fT ft TTtfTf ftTtTTHt Tt ft T T TTT fT T f i -
t T fsTT TTT I f f t |Ttt TTt TT T i t fTIT ft fT ft TTtfTf f t i t -
TTTTt f f it JT % fTS ft T T n TTT T f fT fTS f T ft n f t
i f f T TTTT ifsr %T3[ TTT ffT fT fTS ftTT I n it?T ^ T T T ffT fTS
Tt ft Tf f TTT ffr fT fTS 55Tft f f^r fTT T f K Tft ftTT Tt T^STT
f TTT ( tT| ) f t Tfr TT T?? T^TtsT Tfft Sift f ft^ BTTfT |TT | I TfT
i f % f n i^TT i TTT qf i t t TT f f n T^TT f t T TIT Tt Tf i t Ifif
Tftr fT T i t f tT fT*TTf^ ftTT I
Tf fTTTfT= ( A - ) ^ ^ o
^T T
q3=T fiSTfTTfT f 5fs?r fTST^T T TtTf f l f f t ft T ^ S TTfT Tft f f T
ft i f f i f?TTt % TTT TTTT ( civic days ) i f t Ttt itTt fTTtft ft fTTT |
fTfTtffT TTfsfT ft T?! 3Tt fT r i t fTTT TTTT t I
y i m f?T Ttt r<H STf fTf TTTT f n
io-
fo-
fo- ^"^^^
f 0
-T^
10- ^\3=;-o<?,^
HIT Iiti If fTS = fT
fei
1 1 itST H I fSTit f t ITTI i t t i t t ?T H i t ft Ift fT ITcqi

I f I f f ITITi ft i t t 1 1 fT f t l IT ITI T f i ffTT | 1 1 f > ItSIT JTf
STTT IT I f I q f i t t TT ft i t t f T l i f f t i^lT f i l l ftiT | I H
i f i f f i r Tf f t f i i f f i f TTTI f T T i Y ft ft fir f tlit ft t f i
i f f e f i t t f T i i t * ft i n fiTT ITT i t i t t TT f i r n f s i f f t i ^ i r
srr i r l i t i
f l H I jfifTs = ( i i L + )
= s:\3.t;=;fT1
n l i t ' ft f 1 i c i H i r s r i f i i f | i n r i ft n i i f f g fTiif i t
iHT f511T ft f t 1 1 n : n q t qs5r f i ^ t H ft srfr; i r s n i t t I T f
i m f T i i f f t i ' s T T ^^K-HK'=;U^?\3v i r i t | i fgiti irtftnTift
f l S T H f l t t l f l ft i r ^ l i t t IT f t fTI i^TT ^^X.*^V!.t;V^^3^ f s i t 11
ITf f i f f T f l H H f t Ifi^TT ^'k'J.-R'i^^X II ?q^ I f f TfTfn f
I f m t i T t f t T T T T ft iqft Hit" ft i t T f f t r f f t f i i i f f i f r s sirfT i t
l l f l j f f f t T i l T f t I 1 ift n f T TTTI I:
fir f5r<sît î;=i^riTifi: i
^yfîtfFi: s r f i c r ^ ? i ? t ^ u i : ii
l^f+f5^<l1i: ^l^ftn fit: I
fit ^nf^ i T T g ^ s ^ ^ ^ ? i i ? ^ s 5 = q i t : i l
Tff f H I f f i f t f i i tmr H I T fcT i i ^ r ISTT ? I iffi frst'
Tt 1 f i t i i f m i i f i r t i c m i t s i r ft s r f i r i f i t t f i ^ i r t f t r -
i r i ft t i i H i t q q f i f t q f f ^ i r f i i m i f t f f r | i i r n i f f i fîit*
fT 1 i t f i l l f t f f IT I i t t 1 l i f t Tft* f H I i r f i sift i t f f i 5 f t
mi I I H TfTT I TtTf W f t f Tf TTT f t fcT ffert ft TcTlft
Tiftf 3Tnf TftTtftsm f t t i m r % T T T i t T n i r T f i r t f t f s ft Tft i
TTtff 3nTT|tT % 3TSTTT3TSTTTT ft snft % T T T TT% JTTTf f T S m
^ % TSTTfTT ft Ttft ft TTfT itT T T ft TTT I l i t fTtT T R fft TT
ftramt % f t T tTT % Tft TTT TTH I i t T3=TfTlTTTfT ft i f f t T |1
TKT Tft % tfT i f f T fTS TTTT itT%?S TTTjfT fTS Tt ft i t T
%TS TfT STft TT% Ttt tfT TfT % TtTfTTt ft TfTfi % TTS5T ftft ft
t t f i fTftstr-ftTt-fTfT % 5KT TTfsfT fft Tf | I 1T% T f TK Tf? fT
TTTTT TTT Tf % jitffi Tf T?TTTTT T*THt TTTt ft fHTTf^ ^ T T Tt
TTfT ^ T Tf ftTT I
^ffritrif^fq; ît?|ilTT?5Rn>'T% i
l i t TTTT fT fTfTtffT fttT 5stf i t | I

^TTTTîtTTf^Tfc^ S R n ^ i t t ; i t ^ i t l T = 5 = 1 f i m i t t ^ : I
TTTT ft fTffTT tm TfTT % STtT TfTfi ft fTTTTTit ft T f S cTT^TT

ffT T f K ft Tft ITft TTTft ft fT fT TTtitT f5TTT STtT TTT ffTflst
Tt ft f i r s ft TTft fftTt fT ,TTT fft STTTT TTT, Tft TTlft | I i t T TTfe
Tfr TTtT Tft % fT % i f f T fTst Tt ft 1T% TTT ffTfTst i t t tfTf TfTTt
ft TTTT itTTfrr ft fft ft TT T f i t I, TTTit TT f f t | I TTT T^STT Ttt
fT % TTT ffTftS ?5Tft ft fTfTTf i t Tf^ ft fqf?^ ft TT f f t | 1 TT f T
Tf TTTTft f f Tft ft fftTt ft TTT ftft % fsq TTtitTt ft I^T TT fTSFT
TTTTTT I TKTtT TfTESfTSTH, fTfT^T'cT TtfT H i t ft TTT 5Tsit %
fHSfTST TTfT ft TTTTT TTT | f f Sîf TfTT^ % TST ft | , fTtfT Tf
T T i T K t Ttt TTT ftft I I Sît TTft f t f?Tt f^ft % fsq TfTTTfT TtT
TfT^TTlsit I I 5it % TTtt Ttt Tf TTft-TTft fTTf Tt TTTt ft TTTT fTS
ft TTTT ftt ft TSft I I l i t fTtT Sît ft i t Tf fTTTt ftt Tt | TTft
I. Tsft THTT T'StT TTtst ntf^T fT-sgf^ |

fTHir: TtTt TtT5 T f l i t TKTTfnfTf II ( f T fTo Tto To )
TT W T : tTf^Tf ( TTi TftT )
^timf ( mm^ ) t f i f Tftr iHft ft w 11 aftt i t Tf fsrait f i f f t
I t I n i t i t i T r i f ( fSTcif ) t f l f l f l n i t ft arfif 11
g i T 1 % ? 5 itsrft 1^:?T3[t ^ I
TJ^qiT i^T?i|f^ =1 'rar II
i T f f Tft f t TtiTTfnfT Tfg iqit-aTTit f r r i ITT H T T ftit |

ffTf f S r TTf? i fTTR i % TTT TTTT i t f f f t TTTt | I f l T i Tft f t
fSTTTt i TTTT fTS i TTTT TtlT TfT
% ftTTcTf TfTTt i TJTTTfTfTT f i t
ftTt I ITft f?^TT TTT I I i r i
Ts^q^l f T =TfTfTri TfT%
STtT q f fTTJ i T i t Tf |ft I T T =
TTS ^STT i ? fTTS i TTSJTT HtT l i t
Tt f f t I TT Tf TfT f5TTT % TTTTt
T =T = f T ffTf f 5T<f T T T T Z l
f T ^ o = Z f T T I TT T t s f l f t r
f T
fTfT i 5TT Z f 1 T =
T T
TT
gTT 3JTT Z T T 1 =
1 T
Z f T T sft^ Z T T T TcTTT
^tST f t l I T T : fT% STT TTT ft
TftT TTTft
Z f T T_ f T _^ T T
ZT T 1 T 5T ' ' T T
ffTf,
f ?r = T T
. Z f T T _ 1 T , Tfft T f r _ TTg q;i
* Z T f T " T T S Tfir TfTfi
i i t ft Tf f t f t t f t f i ffft I T i t f t T ft fTO I f f ^ ft TTSTT

i t t Tfr ^ f f t i t ft i t UTTT I ^ fTTT TTt Tft % flTT ft T f i ; ftlT
Tf f e r m r l i t f t i r ft %s | mftr'TTT"' ft T f t ^ TfftTt sftt fPcTt #
STT^ n t SRTt ft I I aTT T T T f f t T ? S i r i t |;<t f f i t T f K T T T f"t T T T
T"t TTft f T | T TTfT i t T T T TfTTt T t ft l i t T T t f t T % 5TtT T f t f t i i t
ft |ftTt ST T f f t I I
T?STT i t f t t i^Tt ft f f T T t I n i f s q fTf^rftTT ft t^T TfTT fT T t

^cPTt STTfTt T STTT T T T T T T f t t T f ftft % T T T f t T c T H T t S i t | t
Tto o q T tTTJ ft TTft T T f T T tSTT TTTf T?T ft Tft T F T T ffTT
I I TTft fs^rft ft T f ^ f T 5Tt f t T f t f T % STft f t t t f T fs!^ft | I T T t f f
T f t t f T ? > i t f t T f t f T T t t TT% 5TTTT5 T t f t TTTTftT | I
Tf^ TTTTT TT IfT | f f ^Tt-ît Tf^T TTt TSTT TTTT | ?TT TT^ f t
S T l f TfTf ftrt TTTt t I TTtff S^wt T t s | Bftt S T TTtT /^Tts % m
fHT % TTTft I I ITfsq f f t i t SJTTT^ f t 3 T T f fT Tt ftTTcTf T T T
ftTT I T f t T T tTTT fT TSTtT ftTT | I T f ? s t f T T t TfSTT ft f^TT T t
tTTTt f t f t t T T T S t T T T Tt s t r t tTTTt % TSTtrt % T H t T t t TTTt T f f t t
ft T t s g r J T f 5Tt f t TftfT fT TIT STTT TT TfTT | I ift
crftfsr = ^ ^ o X TtTt t T H t f t TTTt T f f t t
arqft TSTtit % TTTt % T T
TTtftTTTT'' ft f T H H f T t t T f T ft f T f t f T STft fT T f t T f T t f s ^ T | !
TT ^ TftfT f t S i T T f TTTft % T T T f T % STTTTS Ttt TftfT % T T H T
( V?V?^ ) % TfTK S^Tt % S T T T l i f t TTTT fTT | I TTtTtT
TTTTTt ft f T f t f T fT TTT TtTT TTT TTi 5TTT fT TTT
TtTT TTTTT | I TfT q f TtTT f T TTT . i t s TTTT T T T Tt ft T R TTf f T f

T R % TcTH TfTf 3 | I
?. fSTT: TTt: Tfq- fTfTTTt Tf fsntf^TTtTT: I

f^ 55E5Tt SffT TffT t f i f c T ^ T f s H T : 11
TtTTlft TfTT ffTTfTcT Ttft^T HTT: I
HHfTHT IT TTTtTfTTfH TT^T: f ftT II fT. fT. T . T f T ,
R. f t H t i f T T f T t ?HT?T^fT5?5TS^; T f t f f f f I
=TfTTfft?TfTTTfT?H f f f i FT^TB Tftft: T T T T f 11 fT.fT.TtsT. ^TT.
Ttffit T t T T T ^ T H fTftfT: T ^ H ^ T^HSTT: I V^^V3
T55HT: f f T ^ H T f f T : f T ^ t T f H f T f T : XXÛ^
1 ^ 1 % mr
srrfPif
f qftfer-v^^\3 T>5H
ITSIT f t |ft 551% % fsiT fft ITf Tfeiiftfrt t?TT Tt TxTft TTT sf^Tt
tTTTl f t ITTT =TTfftT sftt f f ft TTT ft %Tt % ITtT TTft TTft ftRtfTf ft
TTSTT % ftTTcTf ^fTT ( TTtT ) HTt HtT HT f t ^ H Tiffq I TtTt
tHTt % Tg-TT Tt fft Tf% ft H T ft |, TT TtTt tTTTt ft sftt f %TS ft
1T3TT % %T5 ff^ ^^TTt ft f T H S I T H f fTS ft TtTt ^TTTT^t ft T H
ftT TtTt tHTt f TT-tt T H TfsTTt TSTtrt fT TtT ftTT I
TT T t s fTftT fTfT ft H S H f t f t t fTfTtffT TfTt ft H TTTTt I
fTT ( V ) ft S , fr S:^ f igTT TfSTTtit |T | I f f%TS gm fT fTfTf
ftT srtt S f ^ t r t f l f r TtT f H | l i s . , TTtt TtHT % SST fT tTTT
T H S;^ T f ^ TtST^ % SH fT tHT | I T , TTT stlt TtsT^f %
SHTt % fsntfTTJ ( J^-TST fTTf ) | I
i . = H 5 t m fpqr f . "i. msm sriir ft =EF3TT i t |I
Z T , 5 , i . =ftsftqs3sr TTSTT fT n t r ( ^ f r r ) TTTC ntmift i
ZT:i s ^ i . = ftEr>TS5r ^rSTfrirr ? f e T i t s r s ft i
i s , = Z s , f f r + Z s , f f g r = 3 r ^ m TtT
ZSc, i . S:i=Z T , S , i . + Z T : , S:^ i . Z S , f =T~ZS:i f i
fff Z S , T S:i = 3T^tT TtT I
nft^ Z S , T S , = i:stTTTtT, +igtTTTtT:iT^tTTtr I '

= T,+T^(T,+T=, )
T T f T f t T fTfT ft I
^ T T Z S , T. f + Z S ^ T f = T T T i ^ T T X n T T , + T i ^ ' T T X ^ T T T:^
irfsft Z S , T . S;^ = T i . S^TTX ( 5TT T , + ^ T T )
^ ^ : . ^ - ^ g . T g ^ _ Z T , + ZT:,-3TTtTT'tT
3TT T, +3TT T, 5TT T , +STT T:^
3 I 5 v r - # = ^ ^ T T T _ ^ f cTTT (^TT T , +^TT TQ

T S 3TT TTtT T>TTSTtT T>T
I T T f T t TTSTT f t f t t TTT f t JTIT) TfTTt % T^TTT ft T T t T f t f t

fftTT mi T f Tt TTSTT f t f t t Sift fT T f TfTt fTffTT f T f t T f T f T ft
T f T T I f f T f ftT ft TTTFT T * T T T T T T f t Tt HSTT f t f t t Tt^TT ft ?TTT
f t TT T f T t t I
ft ^STT ft ftt T t T T TTTt t I I T f t TTT ft f T T ftft

Tt ^y.\3=;ô T t s ftft I, T t T T f f T f TTSTT f t f t t ^^^^ôo Tt^J ft S T T T
^%ooo T t s s f f T f I I T T f T |T f t f t t STTT T l f Tt T T f T T T t f t T ftTT
TTSTfTXTSTHT ^ ÎV l^^, X K^^^ ^ ^
fTTfT r u ^
fT f t f t t ftrt t
I T T f T t f T f T T T f TTt TTft T f T f TfTTTST TTSTT i^Tt ft TTft f T f S

Ttt TTft T T t t t T t f T TfTTT^ f T - f f-fT-TTS-ffFTfT T t t TfT S T t ft
fTT: TfTf f t t Tt f t T T f ^ | TTtTtTTTTTt^ f t t % f T ft T f t f t Tft
f TT TTTt I I T T t f tTTTT ft fSTT | f f :
^ft-: fq<i^: 5rm^5TTTfT'';fTft'3=qTf%T^5F^T-

1 r f f f f t m , TTf, I S , STTfTT 3T>t ftT ft fTfTT T | f P n T ( f T T : )
' I'STT, f T , f f , f T , T T S f f e r f r T k i f T TTT T5TT fSTT % f ? f f ft fTTT |
fT*TT%T TT^fT T T f f f t TfT TT% TTTjfTTTTT TTT fftTt I T feTTT
% Tfrn: if m f f i
Tf T1U1 j f T fTTT 5Tr ft f f t TtTTT
IT
ff
T^s
.oc;3o^?:^\3
i
TTT
Tf>' f f TfTT"t T k f T ft ffTTf fT TT?TfTf T T T T %TST % fTTTT-

1^7; ^ 3TTTT TTTT I I TTfT T T T Tift ffTT TTITT 1
^TTTt^1Tt^T5ITl: ^^ft^T ?rTft% I

i t ifftit i t fftiRitsfr % H T i H % FstT '^<afi<irmtf f t stiti I I T i i t i -
ftft I t i t 1551T # ifir i t fftnirSf n T i k i T H f t r i t ark: m r i t i t i
STTT i'<%Titi I t i f itT iTSiTTti i i i t % ^ ft i t i i P i T i i t r s r f i f i i
^ I S f l i f ft H T I R TtfT f T H ft Tfit, i t f f e l H I t i f ft l ^ l apift''
i f S T i t T T i f i l i t r itTtfiRT i t F i f i i t ft fsîft ^ T snm f i i t i "Tf%
f l I f iiTBfft f f ^ T H P t i t i f i f i i t % i r i t i % f i I ^ H T itT f i i t
n s i f i i f t iqsssr i t i T i t i t 1
Tfftf UTIT IT I f t I f f ITSIT f t Itft f l l f l Iff IT f t i t I I f t qr
i f iît ft ITft f T ftiT 1 1 n ? i H f t 1TSIT fT Hit^si f ^ 1 1 l i t
stfTT 1 T 3 1 T i t i f i 1ft ITft i f i f f t i t I ift m i i t i f ^ I (mit=?T ft
m r i t i I f nft ft I T S I T i t iTft m i %5iti m i f r i n s n r |) mit^r
i t 1 T 3 1 T f t fTIT ft ft I S T T I itT 11% f f ITT ft IÊTft T T T I f m i t s i T T
qfrft ft i t H I s r m | Tft mit=5i m m i r r i t i T s f i ft i??%?5ti m
f ^ 11 q f m i t s i i n ^ÂX-VKX. fTif f r f t n 11 n f s q srrft irit's:^
mft fTi |q I i ^ > i ' ' ^ i T s i r i t i f i itT
m i i n TT 1TS51 f t i t i t I I T : i t i t T f l i t % m T f t
?^-vsv9\3 fTif ft f n i i fT mit=si T T i t i T s i f i ft TfifiT i t f f T m r i t T
?, iTTitit ft i f i i % fm fm T i n t f t i t i i f i i i t i f f i r ft I T S S T
fcpm I T m t ft ift ^(snifii ft f i s f f i r i r i i f t :
sr''f'^ = ( i + f ) (i-ii)
( s r + f = sr''+:^3rf+f'*
( i + f (1f Y -
H f t i f i f i ft f i ' ' + ftfe'* = f i ' * I ITTitit ft n Tftl f t g^g-
f i t ft ftit T U T ft f i a f f m I T I
R. f t i t i i m f r fi4tn ftit TIT i n f i t ' ft i f i i 1 1 iTtfriit*
ft ^ TTf?1lit' ft I i ffT 1 1
^ 10
I f i r Tfi i t TTTT i t TTit i t I IT TfRiTlltTT i t mm T f i ?^'l?>'l
^X." |r TTT i t I TTTT ftft i Tf i t ITT TT f f mtfm TTI fT i t l T f
T i f f ô" 5?T TTT>31 f t it! T T W T T f T ^ ?TR 1 ^ 1 IfSTT ft
Tt^ i t r TTT>51 ft ^\9o f t f t r TT X.* anft TfTT TT, H f s q IT ft
TTSTT fT TTT T ! 1 B 5 ? 1 ^ ITTT SR I , ' '
fT f t i t m fnfft fT fftltTT l i t Tffft ffTT TTT TT I f T f t l f l
Tft TTft f T f t r t I T f ?TTT ( TTT>T ) STTfTI ft SFcTTT TTT^Tfl ft TSTT
I \ m fsq 1T% qfTTT TTT>5T TT T | T f T fTTt TTT ffT TTTT Tift %
TST fT T T T STTT q f T T T T T % fcT ft | I f S T : f T R t Tit T f f T f t
Tift f T itT TTft T f l f .'TfT STTfTT ft q f - ^ TTTT TT l i t TTTt | I
IP TT ? '^STI f t f T i i t ft sifTfTT ^Tlt TT STTT RVÔ fTTfTT f t
TTft f T fTt TT ftTT I I ITft^q ? %mi f t f T f t Tfft Tift ^tat srtT ^ ?
fTTTT f t TTft Tft ftTt I I ^ o - ^ ? f l T T T f t l i f t l f l T^TT l f l %
55T f t i t I i r f s q ? ^ S T I ft f?TTT T f f T f t l f l iflfTT T5Tt Tfit
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i t 31T itt itfejiT, 51 ft f i T f t f n : If itt q f i ft i n Ift i t
fsrf? f t s m f t 1UIT ft ^ 11T fsiti i t I T S I T if ifeftH "
f t i r u f f q I H ?ei fT 511 f s ft i t I f ffir f t i t \ ff^5 n - i i
H I T i c i - i t i % 511 f s ft i q f i ; f f i r f n f t i f t i f 1 i f n it i n r ft;
nfr t m n aftt ftir i
f>ir ( f - i . 1.) (tqs i T s i f e n ) = 51
^n ( i - f ) X5i=iTs { f ? ^ f s ( )
^ ft^TT ( i - f ) X 5 i = i T s irfi i t f R ^^5(11)
I f i t f r t i f n m i m r f t n f t m fttfe ( i r f i i t i ) ft f m f r
HcisT 1511 i m r t qt ffit n r l i n f t i r |, n f t i f ? HSIT #
i m i f e ft n w f t i 51 f n i r ffir i n f t n it i f s t s i t % =s5fe
qfe itt H f f t i r l i fefi i t f T t f s itit % i f n f s i f s f i icrrit ( s i t
ftft i m ) itt ff i H t ft ftir itt f t i t f i f i it iffe tî i f i i t i i q q f i
ft it wet in3=3[tii f f n IT i f i T I
1ft i f e f s i t f r t i fsq nft fctfi ftfs^n fr i q i t i ffir i i r | i t
n T n fT m : i r a i 1^51 f t n | ff sm"* ft ^n i iT?fift5f ife ft
arnt f i f i ft m f s i r IT 1 qt! ft H t f t m i ft i f t % ife f s % feî
ft n f T 1 f t i n t i f t i i r i inrfe i f n it 1
^ - ^ f^^ ( Variation ) _ _
s p m % i n r r t fr 51 i f t i t ftft % f r t i f i f i i?frt fr ? i n i f f
% i f i T I n : f f i r qtn ff arsit % S R T ^sffe i n r t % s r r f i ^ t % i n
?. s f i m ft 51T ftfs^n fT i n i n Tf i k i f i f e q n if f?ir ^

fiirt ft f f i t HT f I I T t i t i Tf ft 1^ T5ift fT? mft |, n f s q
m f j i f i q? ft ^ ' C I i i T f i t i i f i TT jft TWS T I ftn | I n t
sfTt l f l f s fsiti f i f i q i ft H11T I f i i n ft ? g i ftn 11
i^m^ % if*ra ^ ?vo o ii|,)t^?Bs ITS i t qfg % ?i:?Br i f*n^
m it anft ifift-ft ffft apfttpjrîftif irft anra farrii ;
I f ?ict;9 t o ftlirwrf ft i c f ^ f t i t S T O i f i q s s T f i p n T^'s^
^ fr i?fTt Ift <Tt i t ( f i f i ) q i m % i s i ifurdiid irsir ft ftitqsn
i T s i r n r f t i t f i r 11 i f f i m r ir i t fti mit i t i j i i r ir ftit i t
argfs i t i f s ftit i t i f f r f n i f iqftftit* *ift i * j i i m i t
f i f i t I f iinr H T it qf am f i i m t i i i f s |t i irsfjarr^ fii
irif % ?iTit fT i f l l ft% l i f t 11 ftitissT iitiT ft n i t f s i T f t i t
ift I f anrti fir f f q i t i r ft q?m i f i r s i r ' ITT îfidTTd t m ft anft
tfiT I' sftt q i f n ft qirî i f nft i t ^ i n f f t i s r fr itici q i r i IT
VK' I t f t i r | ~ i t q i f r i itt qim ft 551 ftt qt 11 an: n fiqnr
% frti m r ft i f i q i f f i ft i f f n aftt i n iir f i t i qrm ft in
ftitI I
sftTTi ft n f i m r i t i r f i i ftft % fsq m i t i t s i f i % %T3 %
snft i t t qtls ft itt i f a f i ft i^nr % iî t m ft vo'iô"' c m r i ft
Tcftf i t t i f i i ffir I If i s n ?in if^fi ft t i i ITSIT it i ^ n ifi
ft i m ^ ft snft isnr m r IT I i f f u s T m ifrt i r f s i ffir iir
IT fnft f f iTSTT qitn i t t q i m ft iqft i s n t m i t ft iirn
i t f R % q t m % H I q?Tt vx. i t ft i n f u s r % i n f f i fr in
fiiTsmt ( f i f i ) ft H I f f i fT sniT 11 l i f t fTH 1 1 1 ff21 %
arrfTl f i s m srtr ffTT ITT | i t irft u n r irftir 1
^ - \ S m f ^ ^ - H T O (Annual Equation)
iTSfir % i i f i f i n r t , i t i t f i n n fr i t anfisfrtf s f t i i t 11
Tf i f i f t m i r i t i i f e ft 11 f 1 i t fTTuraff f t itfe irsfw
T n r i t ITSIT f t ftife Tt i T i r f t i i f f I i
f f i t f i T i i n 1TS1T i t f t i f i fT i P n f t % ift ftitqsssr ? m
ft fisTft qt i f t m |3n f f fT^-?m i f n m ^ m ft m f anft t f i r
I n I f f i arqft m t ^ i ? m ft m i t i t m i f $m f t i r | aftt
f i t anft IT I f it% ft t f i r 11
i f t H f ft n itfTt f t 5Ti; ftft i fsq ffit Titi i f i f i TT sff^r
ft f m r i f f i t ffTf; fTS ft ft (t; i t o fto) X 5TT tfim%i"'
?. i r m ft I f t f i m f s m insTt 1 1
fn msFT #FfR f t % ' 1 1 t m w 1 ^ I H nHildT^ld ^
Ntqsssr =HS1T % ?rFr m imit ft mrr i -HSIT snit P5TT ft t? ffto
fto ft v" I nsiT 1 1 n f t m I ff m ft ( e feo
?^ ft ) X tfftm %TS, it?ft ft ifr f S ftiT i t ffto ?vfto %
ft v" I ô'" fr m m (?mrrf^) Ift i t (v' i ô'") x mrj
t f m ? %TS i n f r i 1T51T fT i f n m . i t l t l fTIT I H J 5 f t % 5TtT
^ i f T m I f i?fTt q f r f t i i i n IT I iTfffTf ftl % iTtT n f T i n
? r 1 \"' m f J m i l ft I f f i l m n f r t i n n ftit | ff ssit
W'^n i t i q i t irtt i f t i i i r f t f i i iTtt i t t i i i t 1 1 wm: snt %
1=31 ft i t i Tt 11T i t i ft 1 ^ r t nft % 1 1 1 I f i T s n ft f i % m f s
T n n t fTS ft i c w f m n fr ftn i f m i | ! n f T 111 nft n f f i f
ft ffir nftn 1
Tf^ m i T IT ffT I f f 1T31T f i % n i f Tfâf1 ft H t sfit

i f s n f t itt ITIT f t n 11 nfT m r i i f | ff n f n ft i^sn fT
iri fi % ni % m f t i mft |q i f t |n 1 1 n t f K i i?ftf
i m s F i r i t t srcftf j f m i t i f i iff ftft ff^f, tfn^s m t % f m
fiT| ( m ) i m m t ft i m t i r itt j f i n ft i f 1 ftft | aftt n f n
ft I f i t i q f ft ? m rt 1 rfft ft i f i t m ft i f T I T ft; i^sn i
m (tT| itt %5 ) i m f i f?iT ft f ^ i n fsn ft i n ftft 1 1
f f n f i ft iTSfsTT % I f n H i n t iti"^ ( r t u t ) f t x."!?" f i f ^
?. f t t m ( Horrocks ) X\^% fo ft 5 f t % ^TfTt ft ft ^ m T ft^

nn i f r n ft; v"iô" % îftf n i STTT n n i n i f f s n'tK?"" 1 1
(TlntStT ( Flamslccd ) ft g i s m n i^fTt ft H I % ^ itltif ft
a|15 f f n I ( Lunar theory by goadfray )
R. ITtiti n m t ft i T S i t i i t vîô* mnr | i iff Miifn

f t H I ff ITtiti s i t f i i firfiit fT i f f t i 1 ft f t n i l 3F%<n
f?T i f t m 1 1 ififfT aftt i t i t ^ i f i it f m T ft i m fr ftn n n
i f n n % itlft itsnrit% m i fritiff i f i m ft m : ftn
ftn ft t f n 1 1
ferr % ftriw ^f^m nft wrfî^ ft im smir iftn ft f t r a
% tKT fift H n i t f t f IRH % ft? i l n (rra<aiKH-) H T f t r o s ft

^ r r f k n sitfftferit % m ft | q sfftrar i f i t i t ? i t f i 5 ^ ft ^
n P T ^ % f i q i f n ffiT f i i m T fT <ntr (tTf) W T f n f i ft fftiti i f ? ^
55111 l i tfttrf H I ( ^ô*) j t r ftir 11
sftirl ft f e w irit fti ^ n f s r t r i f a n f t n ffir f f i^sir %
M<ii< ( S T f i f i % i n iTSf?H % ' g f n f T f t l ) f T m x''\V f ? i t
Tft 11 %r f f f f q r i i ft i m n ff^f, nfr i^n m K'I^;' |
i t t i g % ?tif i t t "^'1^0" Tsn i ? n t f n | 1 nfT q<ii(?mM
v'lXtj'iô'Tl f t n I n m q i m ft f t n 11 f f f n f r qtirfif
m .i?vs'iô" m i f t n | n m q n f i f t f t n | i nft i f
it qn m n f f m it f i i t i i f i i t m qf i t i f f t f r t 1 I E T I
i t t n s f ? i f i j i m i i r f ^ i t ( ^ i i f i n f i f r ) I T ftit | n ft ( m )
qirfT n qim ft ftft 11 f f 5f q i i n qt i t fft ftit 11 i f
I t % iTffif TTf 11 i f n i 15^ 11
iTSfsrr ft qftiTiits f n f i ft nt5 sftirf ft tfTtrf
ftft % f i q
i f f i m n t fTS ( ^^%A'R) f s i i i r f t ft I f m f t nft q t u t i t
lEin f t i f e i t t m f t i f i ft qf sfi^r grtr n^B f^ %feqfrntffr
^ - i # 1^1 if i t
f n n ft* f f f i i ( ^ ) ft f, 1, fT, 1, f, 1, 1 frfHf 1 i t t
i?sf5TTfi % ^ i t ft i n f i r ( f ? n f i f i n i t i ) f 1 11 fT, qr,
f, qf f r f i f i 11T1, n , 1, i r ' HsfSTT|I | i f frfnf 1 fr srî
( f m ) 11 f f i f ft f 1 IST1 q t u t ( ) % mmi ft
1, % 1,1;, 1 qf sf|fT 11 i f i f l 1 f t i T S f ^ fr IT 1 i r f t i t
i m ftl ft i f ? T ft f ^ t i fTn 1 1 1 ft n r tfT 11 m 'ir' i t 1 itt
f itit ft ^0 q t frfifer ft i r m m i T i m n f t n 11 itif f i t f r
I f n f t l ftit ^ 1 f % i t n t f t n i fef 1 fm% q t i i f s t i fr
1TI mft % i T ^ f m r i t f f 1, ss, 1 , 1 ; qf s ^ |, fgnfr siî f i f
1 sftt n m s Viô" I ift If i t irft* f f i ? s f s r T f r e r ^ i m i t t
tfTifi % i t i it f i t l f l ft n s f | i ft n TfTt i f i i t s | ^ T I m
tfi ft "^0 n ^v3o f f f f t Tt f t n I it I f f m ft i f n f f t 1 I T
'XT.
ftcTT t I TTT TTT f T t T TT TST ( V!< ) ft ^ T t TTT fgTtT TfT TT

TST ft T ; f T f T t ftTT I 1 I T TTTt ?V3^ fTTf ft Sf|tT ft TftfTT ftrt
I I I T f T %TS 'T' fTTf, I T TTfT ft TTT f t T^TTTfr ft fTTttT fTTT ft
TScTT tfTT I I I T t t f T % T f T T t T t f t f?TfT ^TtR f t f t % f ^ fTT-
fTT?fgT>Tt itTT I I
TTT fTTT TTTH ft- TtTTt f ^ = ^ i = ; ' _ V l ^ o " = vl!<=;'l?.''
" T T TTTH ft Tfi
" TT T ^ T f t f ^ = f T 5 = f 3r = 0 = i '
TTT f t TfT % T f T T t f T , T T, fT 5T^TfTf TT | I I H T TTTT ftTT

I f f TTTfs T t t TTFT ft TTT TTft T^TT tTTT T t ftTT | 1 TTT T t t
V Io
?lîrf^ffTpR^ff flffT5r
f i t i rif % if sTî f i f IT ftir 11 T l m irft ISTI t i n ft

f 1 % i ? i Itft i t i r 1 1 ^ i T Z ^ f 1 = , , =^TT
31T ( H, It; )
srk m r ft i t ^ I f f s i t i i f t i f i r ? i s i ft f t i r 11
I f m i t I f f i i f i t u r stf i i t ft I ^ ff i m f i it ^ i ^
ftft i fstr fVrtfifi ft ^ i ^ t f f m ft 11 n smt Iftirl H s i f i
% i m r ft fTfl, i r f T f i t t r t n t f i i s T n i t i i t f i f T ? i t fr
IffT^fTtf 11
W-T^'^ (Reduction)
Tf fft ITSTfl 1f1?it i?fTt iff I f f T f TTSTT i t irit f5TT i t
TTfTiti f t i f i ft 11% f r f T T f i f i t T n ft r f t n f ^ % fsq ? t i t
f ^ i f % i r i t f t iT^rt i n 11 rf% f f r TT f f r | f f iTSf^rr i i t
U T S 1 Tff I fuft frfTTf^r n f i % i s f t fr TFT '| f i i f t ff i f f %
i t l t i f f t n n f t i t | \ I T : T f ? q f ft H T S iTTTrfr i t f i t ft f f n
ft nftit i t T f 3TT?T ft f i T I f t TTftit I
f n n ft' ff f i i ( ? o ) ft
TT, i , 1 , T T ' TTSf TT aft?: qr, i ,
1 TT' frffT t I 'f' fTfTcifT fT
ST.T ( f ? n ) I 1 I T ifT TTTt
f STT ft ftTT ' i ' TTSTT I t Tft f 1
i " f T n TtitT ( f TfTcif1 Tt s n )
f 1 % HtT TTft 3 1 1 TTI ft i itt
f TfTTf 1 T i ' ft i t i r i i t t TTT'
i r i t fT T T ^ fetT T f t i f i ffT
T T f t n 1 T T TTi i t t H i ' f H T ,
? ^ o Rô ^ ^ o 8 t i f T t f F 1 ftft 1
T ! t f THf? i t t THTTf ft nft f t f
HTt iff ftn I f f T f TT 1 S T ft
5 1 % l i t H I f i i frft I ( f i i?o)
ITSf^T ft H i If HT itt 1TSTT fT ir^, H i l' Ttsti
I T f t l f i f i T f i I t T H fTfTTf 1 T H l ' f T | I i i ' i s i t | I
Z i , H, l ' 1T?f^T 3ftt f T f T c t f l fT I f T I f t l T T H T t l l t f I 11
n t i f ft iffsfir f i i f i r f i f c r ft qt, i ' n I F T i f i i STTT S T T T I T
I f T T I, n q t ft ( q T i - i T i ' ) f r m t it i r i it i r f t i r i i f ? qr,
i = : f , qr, =fi, z i qr T'=:qT i r f t it iriti f i i t i fifct ft
4r = ^ I -I I T Ttimt fmfn ft
f T3TT qr n fT
\ - f ffnr qr _ ^cr g ^ _niJ^-HiJ

?f>JTT qr tq ftq fi ;JTT (ffi)
.-..TT ( f - f T ) = ^ Z I . ^ I ^ X ^ 1 T ( ? + f l )
t+fWqr V4 ^
n T ^TT (i+fT ) % t T f ; q ft ^ T r f i TIT f t ^ i r f i i t i n t ft
itiri f i f t i i f i i ft ( f n - ? o ) i H i i t ft q f t n ftft qt qftifr f r
i | t m ftiT 1
^^ ' ft^TT T T-
i l ' f t l i ftft ft ( t T n T I t ft TfT ftTT i T ' = ?, T I T
5TT ( 1-fT ) = f f l lift' ( T i f f f f - f l i t #3T1Tq I ) i t
f - f r = ^ q t n t t c f 13TT x ^ i r ^ ^
.*. q f t T f T = 4 q t i T t t c f l ^ T T X n T ^ ^
I T t i t i TTTTlt ft f T S T i t f t l i feitl I T f t l T ? T P T t f t l i t TfTt
STTT t I n f T f T ? f T f l T t T T^TT i t t t q g f T s i fT%TTft Tift ffTT TTITT I
witîittiîiir: ?rifq% i
fgST^Î flTfTttsf^1^?ftitsiT^fsitlff: II
T T S |T f f E q f l f f i t t T f i ft q f i TTtTTf f | TTft | I T T t f f ft TTtt

i f t |t TTfTt ft i t T q?ft I I TTfTT ft f l I^STT f t T t f l T K t % 1 S T
I T f t TfT q f T T I ft f i i r T t t ITT qf ^ ft S f s i t l t 1 f t f t i t 1 f f Tf
TT51TfTtt n ft ft q f 3 1 1 ft f i i t n i t T f S t l l f l ft f ^ H T % fsft
i ? s Ift I T t t f i s t i f T i r ( f t q f t i T f t i t t ) ft f ^ f t i s f t fft
T T l t l f l c^Tf f t î t I l f l fTTT i qftiii % IIT it ITt ^ itt
TIT % fsft n f f T T ( i f T f t i ) i f T Tfft I I I i i q f t n ft ^T f t ?TTTT-
flf l f l f t T f s t l l f l TT T T T T f l i t t ^ 1 ft q f ^ l T f t l f l ft flstlTfl
m i ^ c f f f i 11 s m t i f i s % TTtfEwf % S T T T I i i s n Tff i f
3TFI
fsfrr TfTTf; f T f r ^ T T T ? | T ffTT TTT FfTf TTfm i n% m TTTrf %

FTTST % Fsf Tforatr frFiTt i f TtfT i f T I i Tf f i T ? T T ff Tfr Tf
TfTT amTT ff TTfT ffTT | I
% TfiTTfTTt FTTi nffTT % Fstv q f ff TfT, Tff % STTfriTT
qftTTTf f f T2TTT i f I i f TTSTT ^Tf fTTt STH f f TTTf TfT i f T ^
T | I f S T : 3 1 T i iTft TT Tf TTT fft T F T T F T T fTTTf T?Tf Tf F T T H T T ^
5TTT T T S 5 T FfftTft Tff % F T T T S Ttfff f f T T F T T F T ft TfTpT ff fTTFT^TT

ff fT T T T T T ; Tf3 f T FTTT I fTTFTTTTTf f f fft ifTTT Tff TfT, FfTf
T T T ft T T T ft fTTt: 3 m ST i f Tf I TTffft fe! TfTTTTTif f f H T FTTT I
TFTTTTT ff STTTf TTT fT FlfTfcTf T m ffrf | I i f t i f t Tff TfifeTf
n f f StTT fT Tfi^T i f iTSTTTf f f fftfTS fTft f f ?TTTT TTH fT %if t I
TTfsfT F T ^ i f TTfTifT F^FTTf % TFTTTTf ft FTTFTTTT fT t T T TTfT
TSTTTS TFTSITTfTS ft | I F T T % q f T R f t TTTFH % T T ? TTt ft TSTTT
fTTFsT f t i t f I TTT TTTTTff % T?TT TfTFTSTTf fT T R FTT TTTfT
TfT%Tf ft T T S 5 T |3TT TTfT TTT TTTTT TTTfFTFfT f t T=lFT3TFTTfT ft
FTFTB I I
F T T TfTT f T TfT TTSTT % i f f i FTTTf ( T T J T T T FTTTf ) ft T T S T T
% T8^T-Tf STTfTS f t T T T T f t Tf I TTt TfTT TTTTTff % i t f T T

i f f e itT FTffe ( FTTttT fFT ) % FTTTf ft IT% T?TTTf ^ T T T fTsf f f
FTTtftT FfTT T T T , ITft FTFT TfIr TTTf T T I f f | I FfTf 1T% T ? T , T n
Tf, T T T TTFT i fiTTf f f i t TcT^ T T T % T T T T T T T ft iFfT FfTT T T T
itT ITft % STTT T F H T ft IT Tft ft T^ TFTTT IT TSTTSrf fT F T T T FfTT
T T T T TfT I i f t f f % T T T % F T T T ft T3:=TFTHFTTfT?T ^ F S T F T ^ I ' T ft FsTT
I Ff"* : f f , f i % q f TfT i T T T ifT \o (?c;o) F?Tf ft T T

l- ^g?rftT ITTFR T T fTtTTTTHfT ^ I
3rTTS%T THTH?iTfFTTFT: TTTTtTf II ^ II
TfTTfTTFlFT 5f T ^ F l t i TTtSTTTTTFTT: II
?TFT: TTfF T T : ^TTTT^T T s i t f FTHf H T T II Y II
sffTft m f f : TTTTHTtTftcHSHf 1
TgTtsi T^THFTFHHSTTTf f f ?'5T: II K. II
T ^ i s F T H f H fT 5Fs?rFT;sfTTT
HTTSHT: I
1S?[T I I n% TT? f5Tf ft \3^ P n TtT fer ft ?^ TT T S f t , Tfft
ftTT I I Tft f f n f?fff ft FTTttT F?9rT ft - R " T S f t F f t Tt=T FTTt ft
- Y " TSft TF^TT ft T t T ftTT t 1 F f t ? o FTTt ft-V T T T S f t ^ ft
T F T T ftTT I m % TTT FTTT ft TT T S f t TTTt ftTT | f T :
FTTf ^Ko T S f t f T ft T t T ffTT t ( F f t ^ FTTf ft ^X. T S f t f f
TftTT ft TFTT ffTT I 1
ITt TfTt IT Ttrf T f f f T f , TTT TTT T t T , f t FTTT T ^ T T IT T?T
ft TFST I I T^rFTSTF^TfT % TfTTt TTtTTff % tFT TfFTFTTT fT TftT
ft F?ft TT f% I Tft TTft TTTTf3TT fTS Tt fTfTi FTTTTfTTt TTT
f t TTFsfT ft Fs^ FTft Tft I I T T f f t Tf TTTTT | F f IT Ttfff Tt ft T t
T?T5T ?TT % TTTTt Tt TFTFSFTT ft, FfT TfTt ITft TFTTf f t FTTfTTTT
fT TJftTT tlTTFTitT FTFTTf % 5TtT FfTT TT TfT I
T f i TcTTTT TT IfT I Ff TTtTfT TTTTTf ft STf f f T5TT TiTS % T^T

ft FtTt fF?TT f t Tft tFTTTS f f TTTt TTTt f?TTTf ft TTTT fTS ft TTTT
TtTTTcTf ( TTTT|tt TTST ) TFT Tfs TTTft IT Tflf TFTTf f f FTTTTTTf
fT t T T T F T i t T FTFTTf % STtT TrT3:TtT TTFT^ FfTT TT I FfTf I T f t TTft
T f s n fT t f ? T TT f T TTSTT ff TfTTf % TtTTeT ftft % tTTT Tt 5^Tt
ft TTft TFTCTT ftt ft t T t f F T TTT TFTTf % TtTTFTf ftft % t T S Tt
gTt ft TTft TJTTT f t t f t TFtfcTTT I FfTf TT Tfr Tff % FTTT ft Tf
TTT STf ft Tft ffTf Tt 1 wfFf f T HSTT ft Tff %TS Tt5T Tft TT? Tt
ft TFTTT Tt Tff TTft f T T : i f f TT?, nFiTT (^^TT) F f t T f (FTsfT)
Fft fTq- fT: TTT (TfsfT) Fft f T T : ^TTT TffTt T T F T W. TfTt f t
TfeTT T f I IT TFTTf f T FT^?5TT qf FTTT TTtTT Tf; Tf fT TFtf?TTT %
feft ITf Tt i t TTT TfTf Tt I ^Tf Ff T f f I T f t TfT ^Tq- ffgt Tf T f tTTT T
Tf ^ i t ft T T t F T f ftt Tt Tt i t t T TtTTFTf T f e TTST tTR ft ? n f ft
fTfJTT ftt Tt TT I FfTf ^Tt FTTTTT?TT % TTTTTT % Fsq tTTTfTTtT
f f i ; f f g's FTfTSTT TTTrTTTtTT f t TttTTTSt TTsFsTTf fT TTtT
T?Tft T I I
TTTT %TTT TT FfTf TTSTT fT TTTTTT ^'fft i ferf T?Tt ftrt | Tf
TTfT q f t T ^ FTTtFtT f t ft ^ | I IT Tff f t IT FTTT TFTTf %
TfHT ft i t f T TTSTT f f TFTTf % Fsft fFcTT S f TFlftT ft TTTTt Tft I
?TfTFctTfT FTfST TTTT TTTTtT TTT I

itTT i f f TtT %FT TfTTTT^TTFT: l! f . fe. tT. ^f.-^-^
?iî% ffT fffiff fiffT?r
f T f n i f f f f 'Tfeit % 5 # T f 5 e arfiftiTf ( a r t f f f ) %srfirt f i

i lift i g f i % r ? i m f srarir i i r n f m t % i f t ft i T ? nft
n sr'tirr ft i s F m F f n i Fsft i t q ^ ^^r 5rFTi:tT fF?n FfTT TTT
FTTfT f % ? s ft 1^ TSTT T f % %T5 sftt f f > FTSrft TTSt Xm ft

ft I FfTf n TFtfHTT f t fSfT TTTTTT T f | F f T f fT T>tTFTf FT^^T
f f ^ft S f 1^ f t TFtFf ft TTTT I FTTfT tTT f % T 5 ft J j f f t T^TT

|tt (FT^TT) f 5 T 5 T T T T : i ft i t f t Tft f T f t TFtFT ft TTTT | I FTT SfftT
ft T f F T T TTTT t Tft TTtTtT ^TtFTT ft i t f Ttlt'^T ftT TT iTTTFTfT
ff^ I Ttt FTT ftT f t TFCFT ft iTT;frTt=5TfT fT TTTT t Tft f H
f T f f f t I I t T ^ t Ff T f T F T f t n TFf TT ft f % T S ft ^^ft q-^ ^^vT f t

TFtFT ft TTTT |TT T f TTft ^'^0 % = T f 3 T T f T SftT T S T T F T Fft f T T : -^TT
TTT T f r ftft ^ T T TFT Fft F T T ^ T TFT (Tf TFT) Fft ^TZT TFT ftft TfstT
T F T ( T I T T F T ) TTST T t T t ftTT I n f t F T T S R T T t f T FfTT TTTT | i
ffT sfsfiff f i f f r a
f i T ( U )ftm ^ f f f fH| T t f ) f SST. I 1 f l frnT ft q f I f f

f T T T f T f t fSTT ft TtTT T H | sftt TTft f t T fef ^> %TS T T T f t T T , T^^
T.^ Tj^ T , ftT T T 5TTTT5 ft TtTT TTT | I T f t f friT | i t I T ftT
f t TftfT T t TTTT f T S ft TTTT TTT T T f T H f t f t |ft T S t f T | I T fT'^ T
f H f ft T S f t T T , f ? T H T TTH Z T T T , f c T f t T S f f t T f t T ^ Tt f
f H | f T SEST Tft Z T f T , f e T f t T TTTT f T fT^TfTft T T f ? T H T H T
f t fSTT T T T f T H f t i | q l % H I f f t f fTf ft S f ftT f t t q i t T T f T^
T t fri^ TTft ftT ft Z T T T^ ( T T:^ ) f 5 T f t T T T f T H f t H Tt f fTf
fT ^jft Z T f f^T f T T (TTft T H ? S f t T ) T T f T H f t f t fft I i T T I
T f t T t fti^ tTf*TT ( f t T t ) TT TTT TITT 11T% H T T fT"^ T T STTft 5[TT
ftT ft Z T T T^ f ? T T ^ T i t f f T f fT 5<:H Tft T^ f i fftZ T:^ f T^ f 5 T

f>T fTTttT fen T H f t T S ^ |ft |%TT I f f t i t fTf T t T T Tft"^TTft ftT ft
T i t TN f 5 T 1^0 fT f t T T T f T H f t H T t T f S H f T T t t T f ? H T T s f t f q
Tft 5T: T fTf T t l % H I T T t f f fTf ft T f Z T , f i t f ? T f t T fTTttT f?TT
ft T S f t |ft ^ f a i t T t f t H I l i t T f T t T ^ f i f T t T^ f T^ f 5 T f t T f T s t T
fTTT T T%TT T H f-f^ ft f s i t T t T T t T T T f T f T t T f Z T ^ f T ^ ^ feT-
f t T f i s t T f ? H ft T ^ IT H fTf T t f f t f t T t ^T ft ih T>Tt f t f t
f f t T , fTf T t Tjj f T^ f 5 T f t T T f i t T f T H ft T T H TTTTfT ft tf^
i t T t f t H \ STT I T f T i T T f t tT^S f t TTT f f T f q i ^ Tj^ ft Ty T T:^ f 5 T TTT
T T T f Ti5TT TT T f f fH| % S^ST f t T f 3If 55tT fTTT ft T t t T^ it
T f % H T ft T S H f H T f f T s t T TfT ( T f T f i ) ^f^STtrt f t H I
TtT H t T T f t % T f i t T trf^TT T t t T f T f e i t % ?f^ T t l t ftft fT

Tft t f t T t I ffff I T T f t % itTitT>5T f T f t T t tTTtTT f i ^ S ft
T t i t H T T t T f t T t T f t f t TfT T^T H t l f f T T Tffftit; f f H i t T T f l f S
% STTTT ft T f t T f T S T T Tfi"* ft T ^ I 1 1 % H I l i f t l f l f 1 1 : f T f t i t
H T T t T t t q f fTTT t H T T t T f tTfPTT H f ^ l i f e l T S T ff^S i t i t f t H I
Itit fT i t . i t . 1 T H H ^ STTTTTt % s m t l T i t f l H l t T H ^ i t f i i f
S l i t s t f l T I ft I T i t T f T f t f t T H T t f T f t f f HtTTft fT H t l f l f f U T
qf ^ S f f t T ft T T H t f n f T %T3 t l i ft T f i t TSTT f t tftT t ^
i f t f^T f t T f t f i ft T T H 11 f n S f f t T ft T f f n i f I H | i f t i t r i t i t ^ i
?. f S m s H f l l T t T T TfTftTIHTft I
siitHfi: t T H I t f S T T l 5 t i II f i f i . îfrfifTt ^ t f ^%
ftT (Paralacial epicycle) f ^ | aftt f n ffT ft ^M^ ft s f f ^ fT %TS
naT I 3ftrtfi^l^tlflfrT qj (deferent) arfrif ffft | I TTtitT n t f i T ft
Tf f^TTfET ffSTTT | I 1 ^ fcft ft T f i t TfT |ft TTft TTtTfTf
TTfTTtT ItTfr TTf%T ftTt t I TftfcTTT ft TfT fT tTfT Tf | ff fT
T k TTtTTf ITft fTTit TfT Tft | Tft TtT^T i t t fTTft TfT ^tst | Tft
Tf f ^ 11 p i k f f f t TfT fT f t TfT ft Tit f t i t |; iTfsft IT itrt
ft TTTt TfT itit^n TfT Ttt f T f t TfT TTft T^TT TfT f t i t | I
TTS IftTfT T P T i t TfT fT f t TfT ft ^tst ftTt | I i r f s q f i f t TfT
TTft i r i t S T TfT i k TTTt TfT T^TTTfT ftrt | 1
IT Tftf?TTT % TfTTt Tf ff TTTT f^T Ttsft^ST TfT ft il^fitit'ST

f 1 f t qftfT ft TTTT TTTT TTT | i k TTT ft i t S f i t i t ' T ftT % i^S f t
TfT ftft Tffti fSTf?r ft TSTTTf TT itSTitTt=5T f T fT Tf f t TSTT
TfT ft Tit fTTTftT f a i t S ftTT |, fTT fTTT ft i t i t = 5 T , it5ritTt=5T ?T f t
TftfT ft I fScf: f %5T ft ftTT SST f t Tf fT fT^T itSTTtTt'ST TT f t TftfT
ft (irsft=5TTfTTfTfT) aTTTTit5I%TS TfT ft TTft TfTT TTtT ftTT I TTT
f^TT^ ft Tf (ititTT TfT-itT%TS Tfe) TSTT T f i ft TSTT tfTTJ f s g ;
f ft ftTT 5ST f t TffT*T (itit=5TTfT-tTS it5r%TSTfT) ft Tfeits
? f ^ t T t ftTT 1 TTtftTTTT ft Tf f t tT^STfT fT Tft t m TTit ^ T T T
ft fT5 ffTT I I ffTf TTTTT arrtstfTTTft TSTT TfTfT-tT^ itT%TS TfT ITft
tT^S Tfe TTTT t I i t r t ft tTKSTfTit fT f S f?T ft | I %TS tTES 5ft5f-
%TSTfT % tT^TftftTI I fTft T f TfT i TTTTftfTTVTT TTTTT I Tf% fT
TTTT i t t TRitT TSfTTt ft TtTf S f T tT^T fTTSTft | I
fTT (XR) i f f^TSftf f fT^TTftf T T T T f fTfHTTitTTTCTT|TTT
T i T 3 ft T T fT3TT ftTT SfTT itTT TTT | I f T t T t^T S f TtT % T^T
fTT| T ft TTTt I I T Tf, Sf TtT ft i t r i T j TfT ft TSf t T fT^f Tt T|=TT |
T k T i t TTT TSTT TfT ft T S f t Tf f ^T TtTftT fTT| Tt T | T T | I T T

tTT f t frsTf t f fTTfftT T i TTTTTTTt f T tTT TtTT I TT A T f T Tf
f m ' s r ft T fTT| ft itT%Ts TfT ft TST f t r t i t itTitit=5Tffr ( s f srfT-
T T ) ft Z T T T % f ?T Ttr^TS I t f 31 tTT f t T^T tTT f # | I TT Tf
fft f fTT|ftZ T f T f$T ftT Tt SftSTtTt ftTT I i t T f T ftT ft T f T
ftT f?T #5T I I f i t T f T i t T ft i t f f s aftt z T f T f t trs i t r i T s
?i|ir%ffT3JFTff fiffi5r
ffi I I m i t ^ f 5 5 % STRHT % fsft T f ^ l ft f T t l T It T T S T

TTfti I SfftT fT STTTTS 1 1 ( f n ft T 1 t T T TTSf TTT s ) , sftsiT-
THfiSTtT f f T TTTTT I T T T f T f T ft :
T T = T T . STT Z . T T T = 3rf ^ T X T t %T3:3TT = f T f S
TT = T T . f t TT Z T T . T = 3rf SZTTXTt %T?f>TT = ftfef^S
f T = T T T f T = ^ T T - ' + T T ^ = v^(fT + f>f2 f s ) ' < + ( f U f S )^
i r f t f T fT5TT t I TT T f T f ft f T TT T T S T TTST I T T f T T sftT

f T T TTf>T fTfT TTTTTT | I TT:
T T = ^ - l ^= - ^ ^ J X f T ^ ^ . ^
T T TtSTfT
T t ? T f T STft % f s q f t f e f 55 TTT TtT T f T TT ft fT^TT ft TT ftTT TTT

fSTtT T I T f i t T TT ft ^ T f>TT I
TtSTfSTTTT % I T T T t f TT ft 5 f t T f T q f TTT5Tf TTfTT | , fTTft
TTf?TfT T t T f STTTT % fsft TS?RT ^TT f T T t I I T T : T t T f T % STft fTTT
ft T t T f S oiTft fT TfTT T f t f s T T TTTT | 1
f T T ( ? ^ ) % f T f T T T f ft T T , T^T f T f T T : Tf?TfS^TT TtT
f T ^ T I T T T TT TtTt f T TTTTTt f t T Z T T f TTT | I
Z TT f = ? ^.o T T T = Z T f T = : T^TT Tt5l%T5
Z T T T = Z T T f + - ^ T f T = ^TOTrT%TS + T t T f ^ I
TT TTS fTftTfTfT ft
{ ( T T - T T ) _ tr ^ ( Z T T T - Z T f T )
^ ( ^ T + T T ) T - T t 5 ( Z T T T + Z T T T )
TTTT
^ f fT - at f TT ) _ ^ (TT T t % - i t . f s )
^ ( tT + T f 5irT TT ^ ( n i t i + i t , f S )
* FT ^ ( C T i t % - i t f ) = 5 ^ . ^ ^ - X ?T n T ^ TSTTitST^TS
fT+TTi TT
Tft n ^ iTT%?S sftT i t T f S fT T t r T^TT i t T i ^ S | I
.'. i T T f S = ^ T S T T it5T irST5S=TTT | f T f t ftTT T f f T | 1
fTJTTtfSTTcTfSTtfrfTtfTTtit ffTTTTtfffTfiffTfTTTT^ i
irsT^TTSTfir wfT^T TWTTTtT%TSTTlTT f s TTTf II
i t T f S STft fT ;fTTI smx. W T n I T S |, i T T f t T f f t f T f t f T T ft f t f e
111% ffT fffiff flffTÎ
fT I T I Ift T t ftfe % I f f T f t l f t CT5F51T f t i t 1 I T i f ? fltim % f l

ft I T S I W S T T fir IIT ( %TS f>1T + sffSTT ) = fYs I
:^ ir. STT
i t . % f > T T + 1 f SETT
,'. i t f f S = ? T ^ T S M T^TIfTS I
nf f s q fttT f T I
f I T f ? f f t f i l fTSftfsSTfT fitTTTcTq^tT i t s T t I
ftTtSIT TT|lflf3=TitlT 1=51TT1TfTtfTTt f S IT II
T T T f ft ft i t f t ^ i s f t T t ''.o" ft srfTf I H t ftTT | i t T f f f f f ? frS"
T I T TT ^VSoft s r f T f TTTt ftTT | Tt T f fTTf? TT T f t T f ? fTS f fSTTT | I
T T f q T t f tTTTT ft i t l T f ? T f t % tT^S t T T l t % f s q T f % H T f 55 f f t
i t i f S i t f T t f t f t f t STTtTT f t I ffTf i T S q f TTt f t 11 ItfTtt %
i r t r TTfTT ft T f t i tq^s t i T i i q s s s r ^ f t T f , i i f s q I T s f f TTfti i t -
11 t i ^ q n f i t f T i t TTt i ? f T t f f i r ITT iJlTf^ i^n i f ft itsTfs f r
STTTT i t f T t f t f f t nft T T T f S f T STTTT ItfiT f t , 1 1 Tt ft f f t I T T f S
S i f t 1 1 f t T T S f S fT TSTT ft i t f T t f t T l TTTtq^ Tf ft it^T fTS
HTft itSTfS f T i t f T t 1 1 ITTtq^ ft ftft qt f f ^ 1 tfKSTf
1 1 eft
f t i r 1 1 f i fisTTT ft i f t i f f IT f s i t 1 1 i f t :
isft itÎfStTT^ TTTTTSfS TTT I
TSTTf TTTfS T f S i s f f t r IT It
i r t f t n r i ft i f r f H i t i t f i % srpTt smsi; (Tftfirt) ITT^?? sftt
i t s T f s fr i t f R f f T 1 1 I f i f n i t t n i t s r r f r i t i ftifi i t H T T i
fsq srftr; i r t T t i s m r i ! ft i ffti% s r t r n fTir ft t f ? i i m f f i r 1 1
nft ifTfH, i n sftt n% f^ T i l 1 ^ f r T H fT%T i ^ T i t i 11 i i i
i n ft srqft Tf i m ft q f f i t i i t f i f r srr^n jm\ | i _ j 3 i i s r f m
q^ T s n Tf ft i t i f s fT smt i t f T t f t fq^t m t ft m f s s i f t
n ft m f s ft 1 S H I f ft i t f i ft n i r m ^fti t r ^ T ^ ?5Tft
n I t ft STft ift i t i f s f r i t f r t i r m ^ ft ftft qt t q ^ i f f t i r 1 1
n r :
srr^Tft IS fsti TS f i r s i n f
Ttim mnfTs fftriti i ^ i
sTfii^sfTi fTsfmî iiif
ii 1 n fctîti i f t f t^st s i t i i ? it
n f i f i % i r f l T T f STTffTf T f f ft T f t f t SF^ftT ftft I 1
T f TTTT f t I T f S T t f T t TTTSt ft fT^ | f f TttTTft % f s q Tfi5
T t T f ? 5 i ^ T t f t % f t TTTTtTt ft T^Tf^ TtfTT fT TTfT^fTt ffTT TT I
TTTTTTTSt Tt lift fTT T f t f f t TT T f T t I TT% f S TTTT TTt^t f t
i T f t ft T f n^ I I
^ S T T t i t ' l T t T fft f l ^ T T T i S T T t - T f T f t fT^TT f t TtSTT^cTfSJITT

ffft I I T f S T f S T f t ft 5fT5 T fT^S | ff Tf Ttt Tl5Tt=ST f T T H t
tr^T t r s %?stT T T T f t Tt ^TffT; ft Tt5TTT?T f S ^ T T fT TTT T t S H ^ T f f t
TTTTT I T T t f f Tt5Tf5?, t T S %TStT T t t T S T T %TStT fT H T t f t ftTT | I
TT I T T f t % TTTTSn T t T f r t T t t f T f T T H t f t %TStT f t H T T T |T
f f % f55ft TSTT f T ft T t T f 55 f r T t f T t f t IT% T t T > T t f t T H t f K%
5ff^%T5fT H H f t H I T T f T T ( ft f T t ^ N t f S 55fT H S g t f f S T t t
TTT T T f V r f T f T t ft T H T f T H f t T t I T T t f f / . S f f ^ Z T T T I T T i
TT = ^ - ^ 5 = ^ J ^ n T X H c T f S STT ^ ^^^^^
f f fTSH
_ ^ _ T T X T f _ T t T f S STT X fTSTT
^ T = ^ ST^cTf TSJTT =
f S tT. Wr. % . siTT
TTTTT T T t s t f T T T ft TtSTTcTfSSifT STft % fstr ;3TfrB H t T t T TfTt ft
T t f T f f H H I T f t f f ^ % fsTi 3TTT f t f T H T TTSsT T f t | 1
TTTTT TSTfSTT STSTtft T T fTTT TtTt T?t ft 3l?cTfSsqT f t TTTT TTTT
I I f f f TTtTtT T T H T , TTTTTH f t TTcTf SSTT f t T f t T t t fTTTTHTT f t
STT?TT5SSTT f t ^ t s f TTTft | 1 I T f T fT^f T T f | f f H t T t T TtStTtrt'STf T
ft TtTftTTfTt HTft t I Tt HtTfTfH % f T f S f I TTtff 3n%TT ft
3ft5TTtTt=5^|TT ?sTt f t T t T f ' m f T t f ^ f T f t T f m | I T f TTT f T 5 f f H
H f f T I I nft t r s I f f n fTTT ft H t r f T t f t TftfoTH HSTt f t
Tff tT T f t f t t T H T T^ftTT fT TftTTT | I
n Tftf5TH 5RT TfTT ft STft Tft T f f aftt T T f t STTfTTtT ftTfTTY

ft ftr f t f t T t T T STHt T f T Tfft S H Tt TTHTtft n H T fT T H S T T H f f
T f T ? T t arrfntr ft f f r f f i r r t H T ft f P T f ^ r f t T T S S T f t n 1 1 T t t i r t
Tft* % f s q f r n fTIT f t Tft f t H ftfff f r i f T H t H T t ' ft H t ^ T T t
ftH t I n f e q T f fT?=TT f f H T H ^ fT T T S H f t TtfT f t n Tft' fT
T t f f m^ f l T f T t 51TT TT | f T T f t f ^ l t Tff | I 3{T: T T ^
mf =51^1 afTftT fT %T? m
,feiTT TTT i k n i iV Tf %
3T?gt i f s it
TTTT TTT 1 f f t TtTf f i t%
f T T T i TTTT f f T | Tf T f f t
TTf TTfT r?TfT TfTTTTT T f i
TTTT TTit s f e T f f I
TTT f S , iFftfq;55^ TTfTT

i f f t ^TT fTTT tTTT Tft |
Tff i TTTT fT TTtfT ffTT
TTT I f f T f T f i T S fT itt
T f % TTTt i f t T?TT?r f 55 f I
ffTf lTflTtTfTTTTT%T?TTTf
fT f T i TT?f=5^ f t f t TtfT
fTTT tTTT I T i ft TT?f^T
TTT fSTT TTT I TTtTtT TTTTTf
i TT?f=s^qTT % f T T t t T i
fsiT f f t T f S fftB Tft T t f T (fTT n )
f t I I f f r f TTTTT S T S i t 5TtT I T fSTT i ffTT TTT TTcT t f ? T | \ Tift
Tft T^fT ffTT TT t f T t I
^-3 m % T?#^ T??"5^
TtT TTtTTff i T??>5it f T T f H T TTft T^TT TfT ft TcTTT Tf T t i f
% I f f T f ftTf H t T I T T f f f t T T f T i t T ftTfTTf T^TT i t T f i t % T ft
TT553-T T f t f f r f I TTtTtT H H T f ft H t T T f f % HTf=5Tf ft TTfTitT
ftTfTTf f s i t I f f T f T T f t H T f t f t f t tTTTfTTtT ffTJ Tff T t f T f t | I
T T t f t T H T ft TT?>5Tf ft TTTTT TTsfsT ft f S f % HtT fcTTTf
( v^Rooooo ) ft n i TSTTTf strrf % nft % fsft i%T T I T f f H 11
ffTf TTTTT T T s f s f T i t i t T | T T H T f f 1T% ftjft f f i t ftrfftfT fT Tcftl
Tft ffH I I ftTfrfT fTTTTT aTfTTSfTHit % T'kT T T H T THfTTT I

<
f9ffr ft 3TfiTT^r Fiêgr aft^ %^ 'mx TTHV^ fvir i r STT

M^ ft sMt vt ^ qifsmviFcift TFT vr i t v t i f r v i ft 51% T??>5it^
vt arrvTiti f^sTfcT VT arrv^sr fvir rr 1 3 1 frfsr % ^ i t r ftft % vrôr
i t anffftv f^vtiT % 3 q v ^ vr ^qitT VT 3ft gitigr: ^ ft TÊÎ vrft 11
^xj ^ff vt snvTitT ftqftr fft T^JTI ft i t f i m i i f ft srrciki

^T^JasT f t i t 11 itTV55 rPT ft 5rW fmcTT VT ^^tii'^ ft fVT 11 i t g i
itT % sFcTT ft 3 q ^ r ftit 11 i f ? n f m r n ft ^ f p irOTf ^
f?Tf?r fft 3q^5sr f t i t TSTT ^f ft i t ^TVT f i ^ r ftm i f fsitT
fmT?T ('T??'S55) ft itrft I Sra: % ^ I7?V55 ft 3ITgft?r I f vt 3q55f5!T
%feft f3r?r ?iH T?: ?ff sftK ^ i % sp^t ft 3 c q ^ f ^ ^ m (itsTqiî) vr
STTTT ftm 3ft f t OT^Jsq- ^?;rT 3rTT5STV | I ^^jm 55Tft Vt ^ 1 T U T ft
? ^ I fv 3:it 3TTT ?rf fgf^ n'k i t i t ^^T ft f> i t it^^55 vi
3Tmi ftiT sfitfv wft I f 3iTx ^ i vr s i v ^ f>rT i fv?^ fsr s f k gg;
VT g ; i ft sr?^ ft VT ft ftm | i STCT: ft i t i ! T f itsiv?? ft T f p
fft TfTITf T>Tftfr ft T?ft t I 1^55^1: TfT T fj f i ft 5T% T T i t ' T VT
VT f l T k T sritT | i l I I STTTli 2T55it ft ?T% TTTT??V^ aftr Tit=5T
f^'l frTfTT, TfT^Tf ITTT^T V>T ft ft fVTT | 1 5TVT ToffT f T
srrft vTft I f r TTT ^^^fr % T?it^Tt vr fTTf^r si^gi vr^ | r
^T^ ft Xm % TTT g i BTIX ? i t % ?fTT fTT<t?f gf^T ft ^ T ft Vt
f<t 'TT qv ^^T ft ^fSTtTT ftft I I fv 5T% it^fqs^ VT STflTT
ftcIT I I
STît ft STTitTTT % TTT 5T i t T 1 f t Vt f l T T t l ^ f l ^'f^'tTfT f f f ft

1T% Tft9i % TTT ( I T f t i r vt fft ^ T ) 11% T ^ i t ^ l % f i i k i
vt gf^B W srVTT TcT55Tit | fv i f ? i t i ITT vt ^T ft f i T T t i gfcflt VT
STTV?51 fVTT TTT i t 51 I f f % %T55 3c^?ijyi W^ fTT^T ( T?? ) ft f t
srtvr^r ft ??T ^f, T^TT ^f ft 3r?^?f f t n itT i l i f m f ft i f f vt
TTSJTJT r?Tfcrif 5rTcr ffit i I T ftT JRT 51 i t i f m f % ?Tff ^ m STTVT-
i t i ftrfiJif i t ftr ft ft ?ni ffit I ^ni 7 ^ i ! % STTT fivtT fif^r ft
T;it=sit vt f^^rfcf fiTffT?r vf Trit 11 3n=^TT sT^Jit % TTI srft? T I 51 vf
Isftq'^sT fT"Tft^ gfctir VT m% TT i ?Ti 5'ffft % l i t % STJ^TT^J ft figf^Tf
vr %T fVIT IT 3 ' ^ % Tfl^ 3?ffft f n i f f v i &T TTTT T^^cT vt t I
ITT 5#R> f i l T m
f^T(? ^) ft m ^ ft ^ , srsf^ viPrrf^ VT %?? I sftx: rîTri^?? ft,

ft, ftirf? f i ^ I I % ^'-^ 5rfg|TT 3TraT 3?%T?fTT VT 11 v 3 fT^TT
ft 3r V n 3c%'S iqr 1 1 ftit TTT ^^rm sniV TTct% m î
ft fiq-crcf gf^r ft # T ^ff ft ft^t vr ftq- ftjrr TTT I ^ ft^? ft zi
ft ^ 3T g5!T f^V TT 3T F ^ l TT iTf ?f2T>TT fSTT I fVT f l T T t l ffcT ft
T| ft ft Z ft ^ V 5?!T |Tt TT T?T I fT5T f d^T f^TTtl ^f^ftWf
ft FTÎ ft z f t ^ 1 v"t"3T TT ^'ar TTT t 5 1 ST^TT i t i f f i T T t i 5%if %
3f??rfT?T v t q Z 3 r ^ V i t T z . V ^ 1 i r ft ?rT^ ft Tft I a n isipT ^f v
Tf^rif vt TiriT V V?? TT rft vfif ft ft ftit i v^sr: i f m firrti gfi
ft 31 ft T55VT fsraft fcfif ft I^TTt flTTta5r?r ft 1V?5 ft Z3T ^ V
Vt"^ TT tm, 3 l f t f t f ? i f ft l E I f t i f ^ ft I f 1^"tcV73 frT ff i f T f l
ft 3T V p i TTT sTsmr AST % V v>T t l i t srvR f i i t i f i g f i
ft ^ i t i f i f f i I V ftgft f ? i f ft I f i%^s ft Z . V ^ 1 p i v t r TT
f>ir, 3crft f 5 i f ft l E H I f 1f?5rrgf rT ft V 1 ITT STSTIT 3 1 % %75 ft
Z V % 1 p i v t i arrvTî V ^ T I ST ^ ^^T V> sfrft i t i ft ISTIT i t f
vt TFTFI ft r fTî TT | i sfivi, v i i k 1 1 ^^Tif vt
fl55T^ I m ^ ^ T l f t l ftZar 1 V = 4 TTT arv, Z V I I ^ ITT
VI i t T Z3T 1 1 = 4 ITT (3f^ + V l ) = ^ ITT 3T r I Sf? i f ? 1 T
TN VT T H ma f t TTT it sr V n ^ I N VT T R ?rra f t
TT^ 1 fTTft St vt ^TF^Tt 5ncf f t T T i i t srfT I T ^ %, srtT
T??>c%r5ftT%%?5VT3[r?rTit5rTTftTTiTT13TT?;T3r^%V>r VT?rR
VT T?it=5=^fl?| vt Tt T W T ^ V TTH fVTT TT TVTT f I m TT^T V T T
i Z V T T, T H V T VT SfTTT ftft ft 501 f t f I V T STIT T T ^TTTt Vt ^TIT
VTTT I I f T l T VlP|;Tft Z V ^ T = 1^ - V ^ 3r = ?rR
Z V T ^ = ^ srv
/ Z ^ V T = lô-{ ZV ^T+ZVT^ )
3T ^ vtrTgrra ft
^;T= I'TX^TTZV^T
STTZ'^VT
^ f t T ^ T fT5T ft
^TT^T- ?co-( Z T ^ V + Z V j ' i r )
Z T T ^ = (Z VT ^ + Z V ^ T T N (STV+VT)
/ v r q - r - 1^0-{ ZT^T+ZT TT)
JT =T- ^ TX^TT Z T T T
SZTT Z T T T
STT V T, I T g ^ s f t sr^T 3TVt T ^ q - ^ f ^"tw V T T % ?rrT ftft ft V T
TT T fTÎ ft T 3 T ^T?5VT T 55 srf T 55 TTT V 55 VT T R 55TTT TT
TV^ I I
.'. TT ?5 = nrX^TT Z T T 55
/ . 55 r = T T X V t ^TT Z T T 55
STTTT A T T V ft ^ ^ ~ X?T3TT Z l - T T V = FT^qT sr

VT+TT
T V T = Z ^ Z T T V - sr
BIT f;T^ SrVTT ft
/V 55 = V r - T 55
JT 55 IT 55
.;.FT 5!TT Z-T V 55=
V 55 V T - 55 r
A ^ Z T V 55 =
T r X ^ T T Z T T 55
TTX.TTZVTT_^^^^^^^^^
3irT Z T V T
iTfi?r 1 1 % iFff ^ ^ i i m f e 3ih: f T ft i r % i n %
M y H ft ?T 5qTZ_1 V T =
1 V IXÎT 1 ^ IXÎT ^ V 1
~ 31T 1 1 1 . V11- 1 1 1 . XÎT 1 V r. VI 1 1 V
^ 3tn 1 V T = .
3JTT 1 1 1 ^11 V 1 1 -V
= vr ^TT Z _ i 1 V
5irT 1 1 1 , SJTT >T ^ r ,
31^ ^ 1 3ftTZ.1 V 1 VT H I 5 m ftft IT ôf 5qT SI 1 VI H I T H
ft T T i n I 51 qr ft 31 ?r % 3i^v fk^ sftr i vr SI^T TTIVT I %1!TFC1-
S5!5iTT sftr Z.ft 1 3 i??>Ei VT i t H I Tig ft TTHI I T^T V ict=5ii-
m V 3?TfTiI ft IfFIS ftlT I
f l 311=^11 ^ i f e l l Smrft % gTTT U H f e l I f ^ vt flTTtl gfe i l ? i t
i t i t ftif% sTmRTT 31% i 5 i i t ^ S^T 3?%?SOT (TTH?? V55ÎI) VI f r ^ k r
51 5ITT VTft 1 vtqtivi % sipiR ^ figfcr ?^H<> % ^
fo[iTiT v> i?i 51=^^ 51P: i f i % ^ fTits % si^^T ^ T i i r t 1^
vt f t i t I i t f i l l Tifti % 3i?i qr i t I vtqfivi ^ F?IT ftî? ft
fsitifigfgr ^^Ktît (Fi#q3=Tti% srisi qjigit % f 1^

f 5 i ) snitTH ft i t i i ^ 51 f i f Tifti % R^'lxo' TT i t i i t ftîfe ft
?v^7?o' qji Jif I ^gtJT figfii fo ft fiT^ft q3:^rf % u ft m
5itvi| % ?^ i f fcrfii v> snit xm ft i m ^ i t ^^ qf^ '^^'iiftr % ^/^v'
qr i t I i t ftiT ft^? ft qr ^fait^T f t i r i
51 i t i t figfait % siggK srsw S^T feitT ftrgfe ft T ( f i ? i t ^ ^ )
% srîR V TI fei R% i o vr 3T^T | I i^fi
fsiti sftT îtT f T j f a i t ft l i f?1 ? T% VT STfcTT | I STTI
fgili F^gfciit % 3f?^TT55 ft ^f vr iitq^JsT T^^T q i i f vt ^tfVT
^vs7.' ffel I I TTI fsitT sftT gitT flgfcTT"! ft ^Tf VT iitq^JST 3l?crT
l i i f v> ^>fVT '\'^l~^>s' ftgi 11 sjm mÂ^xx^ 5f ?if v i T^TT TIT
l i i t v t ^>fVT 'îfj-^' gTT fsitT VMRtTI55 ft ^X^JR^' TI I
51 3q55f5TTt % ST^giT TTT % fv f T T (?^) ft 31 V T T tiV 3c%^
TI H ? srftfcT I I f3(?r^ %'f5 %, T%?3 ^ ft ftI?fT | I ?If Vt ^f^ TIT ^ f?TI
ft I I SIci: STTT sftT feitT fTlfcflf % iT"tq5555T fg;:| JT sftT V VI V>it-
TT'TT Z T T V = 'k^'l'i.o', fjC^ZT ^^JT f^qfcT ^ vtitTI'cIT Z V T 31 =
sNT VT^nsTTTr^r v i f v r i s n 111 i r i v 1 = s i ^ ^ i w
feltl TFT v . 3 r = ^ K R ^ '
firfi 111ft Z i i i = \ô''-{ =p i ^ 3 r + ^ v w J T )
Z l 1 T J ( i n V l + I H V 3r) = (v\9lVV + Vol!(.^) = t;e;''|^^'

A Z I 1 1= |ô-(^c;|^^'+ ct:, )^\3ô,i^^.
A Z i V I^Z^r 1 V - Z1 1V- VolVYc^v^'lo '
T i l l 1 1 T ft 1 1 = ^
1 1 = .^ô XI r
31T( V85?:;' ) î^^t^vy^
Vl^m V 1 1= Z 1 1 V
51T Z ^ 11X Zv 1 1
51TZ1 tlXÎIIVI ^^^^'^ ^
3an V o - I K ^ '
iti {IRT ^ 1 ) ( v )
51. 5. 311 V?* I = "^'=;o^<?.^v?

i t i ( i i i ^ ) = ?^'^K%=:'^v9v(5a)
S U V ^ 1 ^ 1 ( V ) ft ( ^ ) vr si'TT ( TTTCi ) VT^
5ivt i5qTvnv^'
sir v o I <\^' = o-^3X^R^v?
i t i t VI sifiT >= VV^SJYAO
..51^11 Z l V 1 = = ,
T f , 5. fT ?o-Vi^^=:^'.
ST'TT = <?. R o m n = 5TS5qr ^T^q-i Z. 1 V 5T
%m TTT VT flT T 1 = ^ ? I
IH 3^f??Tr ft sTHit ft m r q VT TTT ^ R I V? ^rwr 1 1 i t firrt
ft =; VTT 3rrr^ I I Hi:VTT I Tf T K # Vt 5TTTT % VTTljr ft t T I ITft
STTTTq V T H r T t f i T T T F T T VTT-i:^3\S I -^1 i\V =r. <i,z; \
VK' I TFT 3T T = U I
Voprf^'TTsr ^ ?r= RI-s^^c;^^
5 n ST r = oS:=;?,^vî!
în'^TT TTT T T =
TTX^q-i^JTT X 3!TT'5^* I
. . tl n =^
^q-T T T T 3zrr I
T. g. T T = o->;(c;^c:^
T. 5. 3irT I ^^îoV.Uo
T 1 T ( TtT ) = ?o KVL^^VVs;?
T . 5 3irT t - ^ - i ^ ^ ' ^ ^v^\^^-,?
T . 5 T T TTT (3T?TT) ?<>,
% sqr ^ TI<T sr r = Vt STT ô' | ^vs' Vt. =
?q/W % q = _i: _! t;t;\o

%q -^^R^^^K
A Z . ^ V q = v?* I ^ o '
ST^rrt ft 5T f\J^ VT TIT itK' fTST | Tt ^Tfgj IT T T i q % TIT ft
^ ' *t srfTVTi % vpcîr I I
T^?5 ft T f ? afT^xI TV T % vt %ti ft TTTT'^^TiT Vt?!T V> 3cq?r
VTTt'l 1 sTci: 5T% grrr 3?%5STr TT q w ir??VTJii vi TTI ^rift 1 1
^ TO ft sr T ^^rfsirr ^ i ar^v fT?| q | i
TTvtEjrÂ T % q ft
% qX vt 3Tr Zsr % q
sirr A % vj; q vt STI i i T % q
^ 5 q T = : o I 3=;' ITT\'' \
spt 3TT V ? " I ô' 3q-r V=; I
: 3ZTr Z?!}" I - TTT V T 3qT 1
TCF: T T T VT T T T T?? V T JTTTV % %T ft U * M ^' 3<TT5T fTT I ^TfTITfT

V T5TTT TF I R VTT I Tt ? ? M TV T^TT TFTT | I Hx
LIT 3)T ft TSVT 5 i T ^ FT TTTT | I fv?5 I F F5T% TFVSTL V FITT
?1^q SFTT T??itTt3T TFT^^xT v t V^TIT V VTT^Tr | I ^TTTTTTJTV^T
VT VETIT ft Q^-T T?5VT VT ^T^'tE T^q 5TT: ?q? FT TTTT | I
FTT (?^) ft 3FV?5TT ' T V ' vt itit ITT ISFT i t 3CV?? T?T ft
T fsTri ft H ^ QTTTFTV |FT TT TIT '"J Tt QTTI^Q %Xt TT FTTT I T^:
3 TTfit^T f l f | TTT i t f^'l T-'^TtT f l ? | VFT TITT | I vt^T ^ ^ T
TT1T vt?JT TT V V V TTI FT TTFT T v"t?J[ Tt V V ( ^- TTT T T ) ft VHIT
i t V V TST ^ft QT vtjJT 3T V Tt, T fgr?f ft i t ITTFTÎ VT F/RJTTfTV
|TT TIT FT TTJITT TTT LIFT ^ O TTFft TT 3 3=3T fT?| i t TIT FT TRTI I
TT VTH T V V ITT i t V V V TT^ FT Tfft TT Tt ITT 3 f ? ? | i t VI
FTTTFTQIF?ftVTIRRICTV TIT TIT FT TIFTTI I FTT ft T FIÎ ^ I f^^FI
TFTQ-TFTQ-LF?ftTRTLFE TT ^ I ^ * M V QT SIT I
Z T V Q - ZTT V v==;'>*' I - >>r I = Z T v 4t=\^' I 3^'
SITT fr^Rr FTTT ZFT*(T VTTTT ' a I Rl' | f v ^ g ZFT V T 5{TRO| ^Y'
I I ITft 3 T VI T T T = Z T V TT + Z T V V X V V T - - ? t ; O
?Tft ^ Tlo I ITFFT TT ? TTo^ \ I W |Tf I FVT LIFT ^K'' I .?'

V TF? V T = Z V T 1 = ^ I n TTFFT QT if TT M I V - ' |3IR,
Î?! V 3=3^ v t TFT SFILT FER^VIR | l TI SITTT V TTT U\ F5IT
ft ST^V TTTT ?=:KO TT FTFT F T l f T ft TTT v t T=ST TPT I
vv 1 FTIT I 5TFT >f TT. I ^ I vR TTFFT q r v TT I TF T;?>5T
fTT I TT^FTV ITT VI T?ITST Y I U" i | I TT: SITTT VT
FTTTTTST T?it5T TfiTT TTTT |I
CITTITFT % QTI T?? TiT TTT 3?TV TÎT^^t V FLTFTÎF V TF? TTFT
feft TIFT LIFT FGITQ ICVIT TI ITTTJT v t 3CQFE V VTTJJLTLT TTT ITSIVT
v t ^ vr 32II 3IT1I f a i t T TfTTag vt fk^m v i TIT VTII TIT^JIV 1 1
n% FGIVT I ? V R G I SAT I F V SR^TT 3r?T VTIIR ft GI^FFTI 1 1 IIFI^
^ T SFTT I F VT T%ITT V 3T?CN: ft IGSPV T ^ J M VT TIIV | ARK L A IRTFIT

VT TTSRVFSJIFT V ^ 1 1 ^ AR^T CRITHFT ft FTIVT n f i GFR FTCFT |
3FT 5RT5ITSTF ^FFT I AR^T 3 I V T 1 % VL 5ftsft=3^-TFCR VFFT 1 1 I T SVTT
T V T TF?Q% SRTT 5rfT ART I T ft A(F?T Tfr TI% T, TTVr 5RTSFT'5T ^ T TTR
I T S I F R % ^JFTFCR FTTT 1 1 ^ FT f T SFTT ^v I T ^ ft ARFRV TfT TIFT-
T 3rvt T<TRT Tr% 5rt5rt=5T-TFT SFTT T?RVT TSTTTFR ^T VT TSJTT TIT
FTIT I I TTT ft 5TI AIQFT ITSTT'T V | TTCT | I TT^CTT ft STTSIVT
GEIT VT G I VT T?FT'NT VTFT ^TTT TRVT TITT TTT TT I I T V^TSTT ft
TTT ITTII TFIT Tf, ^ T VT H^FSTIT V^ft fl? TTFT TFT ft I G IftTFT
^ |TT AFTT ITT VT its ft IT TTT?T I , TF FRRFT VT?IT fs FTIT T
TFT FT TTTIT^TVT AFTT 3TVT ^^T VT ^FTETT'CTVTSTT VFT TTT TT I SiV
VT FTTT TTTVT QTT ITSTVT^QT VFT T T | TT TVIT | IFT ^?ITFT STTT
51? FVTT TITT I I
Tt
fTT-?V
fTT ( ?V ) % %f5 % Tfcr: T. T. i t T'?Sr%f!T ^ T T TTT | fTTft
q : i t - T f T ' i ITT i t T f ? i t T f ^ ? | ( perigee ) | I ^ | i 1 ft
ftirf^TT ?r, ^%?S ft ^^rs ft r t 1 1 ?R f v i t M FTW
vTft TT ( ftirf? ft ft 1 T vtîr 1 fT?| i t ftr vTft <TT ) ?rf
ffeitiT fsrr sftT T i t T I T iT??v5r ft ft^fif T^^srift f t r ft i
f l ' l IT fr I fsraft Z T % i T??%?3 TTT ZlB[ ft % Tf^'BT TRT | I T T
1 T t ^ r vt 5r f i ? | ?rv T?rTT i t T i ^^r % TTRT'TT i T ^gr ^ f i r i
T v t fTTTTT I TT Z i T T f t itSTVT Vt^JT ftTI r Tt
Z ft 1 i - Z ft I T % p T ftTF I ft i t i t f t V t ^ TIT I I ITtfTft
i t s T V T Tt TTcf f t 1 1 sr^ f^^sr ^ % i ft
i ' a r + % ft'i f ^ sp X %. T X vt 3irr Z l % i = T^^V?;!*

( f r v t r r fftfft ft)
^^ft ?r % T'?r??TVT3irT, % i = fT^Tr i Z i % i = Tf?%?3

TTT fT^T ft Z i T T - ZT T T - ZT T T
T ÎIT T I T T : Z l T T --- Z i T T =Tt5I %f5
Tf f Z ^ r i T = TtST %-r5 TTF Z i T T = itSTVT TIT ft | I
T T^ô "'^ I T F Z ^ F T , T
3Jn Z ^ t T T
^ v , ^ ^ -r T??V?T 'X TtsrVT^TF

^qjTtsrV'S^qr
I T srVFT T f % it5F%?3 % TTifVFT ( TT^rrs^fcT ) TV TftV ?TTt
TT ftT % gFTF T f vt T T V l i t T f^T^ TIT VT TT TT T T i t % T???qS

T f t ft TTVT 3n=cfT ? i ^ T grt^rvT TFVT vfT?r f r f r ft Ttsrr^cTVT
3err vr TFT TFT fVTF TFTF | I T R i t T TFTFTf Vt WTft TcftV T f v t
-5rtSTF??JTVT3TI Vt f g i t l TtT T 5 T T?T^t Vt TftSTT SITT sfliT f i t T
T?r"-Tt ft f-3! fTTTTI TTTST f f I ^'fftST'T Tif? T^Tt ft 51% fTT
f w TIT 1^ Tft fl fTT % ^^ft ft f t 5T frfT^TTI VI VIT^ ft
TFTf I I T f vt VTr ffllVIT ft TITt TIT, Tt it T??V^ T?ftV
Var % ^ft ?TT ft fT?T ftTI sftr 5Tft i t itSTPTVTîn ft 3TCT51 TfcTT
^TI I f%T ft Tf i t I f v Tf VI itST%fsE TI ^ T f I ^ T T ^

(fTTft 5ft5T V T TTTr TJTI |), ^ ^ ^ ^ s r k T f VT Tr?ITT'T V t ^ T ^ T
ftTT I Fv?5 sirrtT TiTfTf ft Tszrir ^ T s i k iTf??<TEj ?rf % TfTT ^
5ftr%r5 ft f t TtSTV^r Vr TTTT fVTT | I VTSTTI Vt TTFT T f |
f v fTT ft T fTÎ ft T g ÎT ft i:t T TtSTr'rqVT^TT % 5?T T^TT TT
T V ' S TTTVT T T fT^TT ft Tt^TSfcffrT TTTIT TTT TtT TTt ft
TtSTV^STfT ft TTTT fTT Tr?5T^S T f TT^T TTT TtT T V?? ft Tt T T
fT^TT ft f t f ^ ^ t T Tt Tft V5TTJT VfT TTTT | I TT TtSTSTf^^TT ft
T f t Tt I f f t TfF ft T g % TTITPIT t^T # f T f T f t TfF VOT
T g f t Tft TT fTf| v t V?3 TTT VT *t T FR^TT ft q v T T T T T '3t% I
BR I T T T T ^ it^TTtTt^^T?! TtT 5ftST5rf5rTTT VT TTtT 3ig5q- |V
sft5TTfiTtT5T T f ft ftTT I fVT T VTS ft itSTSrlT f T 5 T T f % %f5 TV
fTTIlft I f t TtEfvrf V ^ t I f*ET Tt^TTfe f^T^qr % cp?5 ^ ft
TF fTTTlft I T I 5 T fT5TT TtT TtSTV^LF ft TcT?T vt^JT T t ^ T W
FTTT TtT TTVT TTT TTTTT ft f t TTTT 11 TtT T F vt 3 ^ 5 T f T %
TTT Tf^STT SKT TTVt mtSTT'cTVTSTT VI TTTT f?WTTT TlftTT I Tfft
fT TTTTT sfTTfeTT 2ITTt % STTT TlfTT TIT T f ft TtSTTrcTTiT^Tr
v t T 5 5 T VTft t I
g;TSR?fTT ^ t T TfTTtTfT^fr % TTT T ^ i t ^ T fTf| ft T T T VT
TtTtT 3ftT T??%?5 ?VS?RV rT I 5T% TtT f?T ITT TTTt
TTT ft ^ TTSETT T02T T ^ TTIT ^ f?T R\ T?"e TT ftr fVTT TTT i t
r s T T TIT ft I T fr^TTRFR 4 X'*\\^' TT TT TVT T'nTTjTTfTft
TT IFFESRTTT |TTI ^ fk^ R% T% ft T T T VT T ! T T T T T
TtT Tt5r % ' 5 VT T T T ?* R ? ' |TT I
A nX\'kV + = I W TFIT=5T ft TtTtT I
TT ffft TTVT?5rt ft T f ? V T TTft % FRFT STTTt 5TTT V^TT
T^T^TIft frT ( fevôj ) ft LFG[T>T TTF TtSTVT % ? T 1 ^ TT ft

^^n^^î vr i n T w r Trar | i f r i ( U ) ft \ *rv?3 i i r v fk^
T f t T'^PcTVJRqr p i |fV 11 T f i ' f 1 V % srr^ IT 11 T fT'|
^ VS TRVT ? T fT3Tr ft TV T T TrT TTTTT TTT |I

LAFT ^ IT??)^ cTTT Tt T ' ^ T t T f T ' | | I T T V ? 5 ft Tf^^L^s |
TTT Z T T qs *R?VT 11 V T, ? T, T T V> FTTTTT I T T ? TtT T
FTJFTT ft "IB T TT ? T TtT T T T?T TTTT I T fT5| VT V ! 5 TTTVT
T m ( i t m ? c T VT^JIT) aqrsrrs ft ^ T T v ?tt5TfTT^ (mtsrritrtsTTtr)
'StTT I IRFT ^ fk'l V T % T | TTT TT TTSTRFTTAI ft T ^ T ' G | I ^ T
TTT ^TtT % f T ft Tt5rv?3 | , ^3 T TTT TT% TT? ^ f i T ^ t TST TT
5ftSTVfS I I T T T V T T ft %TtTT5T T f fTFT | I
TT: Z . T T T R F?T TO ^F 5Tt5rV53 TIT | I A TT T T

%TtTT3T TTR JT5| ft T f VT TÎT V t ^ | I T T TF!T F L ^ T ft Vt^JT
T T T TTT \ T ^ T vr TTT TIT f t TT VT'UTITTT FTTT Tt5TT5?TVT3Tr
VT TTT TTT f t TTftTT I
;?Ti"tB FT^Tt % T J T T T :
T F ^ Z T T V T = t';**^ - r V l U ' - V ^ O | v V
? V - i \'^=l T5?ffc1 lJW3qT = ^ 1 = '?
? *r= 3 1 - i ' 3irrx3JTi v^^îv-?.'= x'^^s^^^^si--o^vd^W
V 1 = ^ i . sf. V . s i n x v t ^ i r r y ? i v ? / = -? x - ? ^ ! ^ = ^= ,O\9<^K^^
3irr iT=-^-5->= - 5 - 5 1 = . ? i T - - < ' ^ ^ ^ K ! ( ,
A Z ? TT - sO|\i'i'c"
IT T = VtîfT Z ? T T =
TT . . r Z T T T -5.5- = 1 ^ . -L^^^:^ . -u^.^
TT T T .'^^>fJ^^?
/.rfV T T = Z T t V T + Z T T V = YR|V\' - f - t ; R R ' l ^ r i ? '/

fv?5%T% z Tt ^ T - x r r - ' . v '
Y Z l T T ' ZTt T T - ZTt T T y KV' - !( U ' = ^ " IV^'
T ^ Tt5fl=3=? ft i f I sftT Z ^ T T f itTfTifT % TTT
vr TtST%?5 I TTF Z ' T ^ T R f^T 9 ? T'^: v t TfTT Tt5r%?5 T^
I, T TftT V r ^ V #5T %?5 | I
A Z ? r ^ ? r = ?v3^'iYV
/ . Z T I T = Z'^TV- ZT 1 V==:R^'-vs!W"
Z T T T = Z T ^ T -; Z T T T - Rm' + fi^'
=:=,l-i-?'= ^ t ; c . - Z . T T T
sra fTSJT T T V ft Vtljrri"TTT ft
^ ^_1'T>X^TT Z 1 V T _ Tr?T?fTVT3qT X 5qT VÎV^'
3!TrZTTV " '3!TT'5RR'
fvT fT^T T 1 T ft v t ^ r ^ n r ft
TT^jrrZTTT T T x s i r r ^"iv^'
T T^
3JTT Z T T T 3Tr \ \X\'
..TT= . = *tô^V^
T T
= 3an 4\n <TKT5ft5TVT3TT=>3irrV?Rri^f
fT
snTTT smsfV ft i l w ?ft5Tr?cJra5r3qT 5?|Tf T q v w t ft f i ^ q r ft
STTfT v t I I 3ft q v f r ^ i n ft, ^ K ^ r %pT f I
f^raft v f l?o'|:^:?" % pqr "TTT i t S T V T ftcTf | I a r r i r i ffRTt ft T f
T%cr TtT T ? ? v T vt 3jrr qr FTSZTT ft ?^ TTTVT f v i r 1 1 g i * -
fT^rfT ft Tt flTTT?r?T ft T^T WJÎ'cT T f c f l \9^, i f s T | I Tt^ô
fT3TT ft % p T f t I I T?rfT T f T'?r??TVT3TT ^ T TffTT ftrtTTST
T?TI??TVT3TT ft V T |, fv^J lit T!=?r?fTVT3qT ft T5??Tf
-TTTtTt v t T%T1T T ^ TTTST fTT TT I
TTTTT eiTTt ft ^TtT f r ^ f l % TTtl TTfTT l i t Ttsn?c3TT!T3TT
v t TT?TfTV TTTT | , fv^T ^ f T S T n T ft TtT vt TTT TtSTTftfT TT
flTTT?T?Ttft TSt T f | fTT% TIT SRTT: VOÎVK' aftT
'ô"!'^' ftft f I Tf SITTt ft ? ^ VTI V T |, I
r ? -Sl^nft ^^W' ( f ^ - ^ l ? ) T f T?T | f v TITtT VJTTT-
5TIT I f ft f Tct t TtT TTVT l%i=? T f t ftTT, ft Tf^TT^JIfT
( TfTT'iTT ) VT %r5 fTTTt %tf TT ftTI | Tft T f % T T T T^^VT v t 3in
V ^ t I sfTffv TTft fT^qTfT ft fTTII TfT TIT fTTTI | T T % ^Rt^ f ?T
ft g f HSHH ft TTT TfTT TT ftiT | 1 ITVt ^ vt ^TjtVT^rrflfT ft
TcTIT TI I V I 11 fTtfTft 1%'5 TtT TfVÎT % ^ ft p T fT^qrft f?f ^ T f t
TT T f TTTT TTT fV T f TTft V5TI ITT T ^Tft ft^ tsiff f?sTT f t , Tf? TT
T%?? TtT TfVTI%f5 ft ^Î f T T I l T I I T i t i t ft IffT^T ft T ? T T VtlT
f t , l % f 3 TtT If ^?TI % ^ ft S?JTTf v t ftTltT f^TfTTt ft sricfT
ftTT I ^ 5 ft T f v t |Tt Tt T a t % T J T R f t r t , f v ' ^ T % T VTft TT T f
Vt^ntrPTT TI?TfTVn VI TTlit Tft TTT5T |TI, T T TKTtT TFTITt*
^ Vtsf ( ^%f3 ft T f v t ^T V5TT(i;nT %ff ) % TJTTT ft TiSt Tft V t ^ T
3I?TT v t îrfci: TftSTI V T 5t I 3?!% T J T R T??>3T TtT T f VI T^TT T??
I TTI T'Sf^s^STT vt T'?T'?TVT3qT ft VTft TT fTTft vtsirr
v t 3<TT f t ^ t - 1 ^^ Hf^VT ftrlT I I
T ' ? % ^ 3iTI X JT'^TTIVT ^q'l
TT<-?VT>TT =
fT
fT>T Tt T f T ' 5 V T TT^clfTV T ' ? V T ft VT f t TITT | I TTTTT STTTt
ft 5T% fTft i:r^ T I V^T^TT T ^ ^ T v t Tt TT5TT ft Ttft f t T^lfTT Tt, f v ? |
Tft V^TII TflTTtlt Ttfq- %TTT % ?tTfTtTV^T % T^SVT
% fT* Ttr?TV ^T ft TTT^T |f I T ^ f T f^SJct | fV 5TTTt v t f^TJ^S
V5TTI f v i i t TTÎTTT | I
irr5%f5 = v f i T v V 3irr = ''hî^xx
%1TT ^ fTfr ft Tf^q^T^Ti =

R 5 X îTT ft % 4 ^ 5 ' X 3arr ^ T Ir
?ftT T V3q-r = ^ X . ? X A'^^^V,K + ? x ( 0 ' x \ < ? . v ^ ? = . ? ^ K \ ^ ^ - f -
i t T T^^VTR 3qT = 5 = ? I 3TcT:Tf?VT = 3qT.-''?'o5.^^ =
CTTTt vr Tf? V T = ' ; R ^ '
I fv Tft m T t vr T^SVT IT^^T T-^TJT ft ? > VTT V T
I 3ftT TTTitzr T?3VT V3 VTT VT t 1
T
fTT 1%
TSf 5T fTT STTT f T Tf?VT"t v t ftTfcT f?STrft | I fTT ( ?^)ft T T
Sq-rT % ^TT T ? STTT ft T T T f T # T r TJTT | I ? %?3:iTf| ft p T
%Xt TC 1 3ftT V i T f | _ ^ t fTTft 1 ? = ? V - 3zrT ; TTT T^^VT | I'
grxi^T ^ = 3JTT-TTT T. V. I TT STTTI % T J I f T T 1%??, T T ' ? > T
fTfI sftT T TtT fT?| I I T TT-'I f^TT | fv^^ ? T^T V ft <tTt f t TfTfT
% TTT f t 1 fT?! % T f c r : fTT VCft | 1 T T fvTV TTT T TfTT^^t
(feTJôj) f T T T T ft T FTÎ ft T^TVT T feff TT T | ^ | I Ti ^ T^T
1 T vr FiTTTTI TT Z . T T> T T^^^fS TT:T Z 1 T V Tf T^^VT
ftTT I TIT FTFT^ f v T T ff^Szrm TT T T T T ?t^*f^ grTTI
TTI I, FTTVI T l 3!TTHI3 ? H | I 315 T FTÎ ft 3T f f ^3Jira TT T T
TTT TITI IITI I Tt i t i f r l v t TFTFT ft T fT?| TT fTTTI | I 1 T Vt
FTTITT TT I T ? t T f T ft V"t?!j 1 T V T ' ? V T ftTI I t^HlFTIT ft FTS |
Fv Z 1 T T! Z 1 T V ft TfT ftTT ! l i f t ?TS | Fv VTTT V i t T -
f r l t T T??VT V FTft eiTTt VI FTVÔJ f t T I T K | I TT TIT ft Tf I
TTTTtT T f ? V T VI 5T^T Tt T I
V T VI T T v t TtT ft T FT'^ TV T|TTI T t t f T, 31 ^ FÎ^qT V

|5T TITTT I
T 3 1 T V A f t vtlJII^TTT ft
, , ^ 3ZII Z l V T X W V
3TI Z 1 T V = ^ =^
T. V 3tIT X 31 V 371
T^^VT ^TI = = 7
fT
T f I T T V fkft'Z V T f ? V T Z T T V ft sfrffl ftTI I T TT ft Tfe

Tf?V^ TITVT Tt5TVT fS TfFT V^jrfj;TrT ft T??5TVT ft T^^^T
TTIT' i r T f TtT Tt ftTT I ITFTIT ^TTitT TITITT ft T^^TST V FTIT
VJjjfjTiT T f f F v n I T f t srftji sn TI^ ft T t i f T ^ ^ v r f v i 5I^T Tisvt v t
4%fE V FTIT Fg:TT T^fi | i
f T TtT i p ; VT g i ft VtrrtTI^TT SPTT: R\' SltT v=;'?o' ft

T f t ftTT I VT^: ft T f VTt Tt FiTTtT îT ft T f t an ^^ft F T ^ ^ r V
TTT Tf?T>T VT FTTfT^T TtT Tif? TFfTff v t FTFT ft T f t FvTI TI TVTI i
arfrvcw mn v t SJRT: artr a r i n z f f ft TTHST FVTI I i f ? ft i t i t f t
vt^jftsTFciT 3rTTr ^ T f i t s T v f J fTÎ sfHivtîr { Alon^*ation ) rnr
ftq-f Tirr I i p T f f i t fT?TT f t i r i t i f i i i f ft g i v t TSJTTT f5T% ^
sri^ T f i t ^ t ^ r f t i t i ^ i t f v T f c w siTvtîr ft aPcjift v wtsrvT
Tf^nr ftft i t T i f ? sTTvtcir g?jr t i t T'^VT i t i t i f sftT ^
ftir I iT'it^T FT?| V H i t T V ^ r r i f ft i f r W sraTvtqr TTr i f s c i t r
-fw'-| V H i t T ?rTvt?iT sr^ssrrFT i ^ ftft f , iir i f f T^^VT vr STTT?
ftcfi 1 1
a r m i s i T i t ft fftsi^T?^ f?rvf?fTiT % n % i 5 r (Theo) f i i t sTTt

\3 T T i f vt HfSiTT TTT fTft Tft ^SP T f % %T Vt SlITr sTmH
'TT^T I fVT TTft T T i fTTFTT TT ?VR f o v t VI ^T fvHT I
SS^^ { f T i t ) % i T ft ijsp VT TI?ST T^tTVlTJ SftT TSq-JT
= l i ftTT ftTtf? ft ^VVÎ^V TT t r i fgitq-ftT ft ^ V VT Tig". VTfTV
TTTvt^jr vf m' TtT Tstrrgi f^^rT TTif? i ^RK'IVK' TTI
TT iTft -TTg I -fv Tfit=s^^^r IT itit sgit % Tsirfi?!
^ :^^VL|oo IT TtT ITft T2rft TT Ulo^'
TT fTT I TT?^ TT % RX" TT T'=it5=r TtT ff^TV ft ^^.^ TT

T?? TtT ftTT I 5T SVTT p T SfTTVWf % TTT ft Tg5 % T ? i t ^ TtT
T??TtT f^f|Tt VT fTTfT^T fv^T TTT | I T?it=5T ^ T % flTfT^
% T^TT^ ? r T??TiTf % TTTT^TTf TT f r f t Tft % TfrlT TTTvt^T
grrr T f T T T^^VT SitT T'it=3^ ft ^rg; JTfef^ % srtT T f T T
litsTVT vt fTTtFTT Vtft f I 5 9 TTFT % TJTTT ^ 3 ! % T f T T T?ECVT
TtT T f T T itSTVT SfTTt ft TT"^ TTT % f T % ^'<. TT T!=?t=5T TtT
fr5TV % % JTf5TtT f l f f i t TT ^ Vt ftTfft ft ^35 % T f T T
S a T ^ ^ i t VT ftr ftTI TI I ft ftT f T i t TITV TfÎTTT 5TTI R f ? T ^ T
f 0 WIT: VIT % 1 1 fTTft Tg; v i TgTvt^jj VYI?S(.- TT TtT g i
f T TlfT ft R'C\R^' TI I J I T i t ft R\3 f??rP^ T?TT TTJT
VI SlfrVTT T^TVtrrr V R R o ' qnn TI T l f V TSSTT^T f f N v TlfT
ft TT TI I" 5Tft Tt ?T^S f t TTT f v ^ V VI T?it^T fcr ft ^Vt.
TtT T??TtT l f ? T V ft TT I I
sr%fT (Eccentric circle) |,ftsjrft^sp vr ^vs srf^fxi ( Ttsr i t i t ^
frT ) VF %?S fTcTF | , fsTTVF STFT T ? T^Tt 3FtT V f 5 5 | I T ^ f -
v?5 I i g f t 3 fT?| ^^ TFftr ft R v." T=ST TT?? | i TFT T ' f t T T"\T, Tt
fTf|T"! ft ?t TfTfTT îtft Tft f I
1 ftfi ft 1 T TtT 1 V ? t ' ?qT t^FT 3rfrfat TT ' a t i t T I 1 1
T I Z T 1 sr, 1 fTfI TT T f % T=STfT?| TT f^TTT T T T V t ^ VYIV=;'
ftTF TtT ^ft f t Vtisr Z T t T V T f % TtTpT?! VF TfrTT T^TCVt^JF.
V a R o ' ftFF I
T f a f ^ iJT fr^ro
/ . Z T T sr = srtT Z i V T v = V\3R O '

m TTVtÎT f T f T T T 3T Jf
^ ^ T T X sq-f Z T sr T ^ T TX
sqrZTTsr sq-r VV**Ut;'
f t TTVtTT FT^T T f r V ft
r i t = i ^ ^ ^ ZT"t V ^ ^ Tt V X TT
3rr Z T t T ^ 3irr w s ' i R c
T f t T sr = i t V
. T T ZVV3I^' _^ ' ^ n ^ o ^ o
"Tit~ 3iri ZVY|Y=:' VSoV^tSVR
TTTr T T = \93(3o\o ^> ?T fft = 'vsoy^^Y^

A ? T = ^ ( I T + T Tt) - ' ^ U ^ ^ ^ ^
T ? = [ T T = or<3,?^^v
T T T T V t ^ f T ^ T T^ T ST ft vtljjrf TFT ft
Z T sr T F^
^ ^ itsTr'cJTVTsq-r = ''"^^^^'^ = '^Rvova,

3? 'vs i!5..\3?^
TTT itSTTiT = Y ^ R '
T f r l T T'^VT
srrTiT errrt ft i t i t T f T T vt?it % i t T % sri^ % p T TfTT
ifrtsTTT srtT i t i f % T^TT % srr^ % p T T f T T T ? T R I | i 5T%
-STflTT'
T f T T i t S T V T ^ 5 ( V\3*Ro' + YV'lY=:' ) =
T f T T T?3TiT=-- ^ ( W R o ' - VV1V=;')= ? I t ^ '
TrT fTTT f v fTT ( ? ) ft T % i t T??srfTfT V V ' S 5 ft T ? Tt 52TTT

V T % TTT ^TT TTr | , 3rt f t l ^ TfrfT T V fTf| TT fTTcTT | I V
fT?|ft V T TtsrrfcTVT^qr 5?T sqiar^ ftTT TtsrsrferfT ifTTirr
TTf I TtT 1 fe'l ft TTTT T T a^T T ft i t TTT 'itit i f | I
^8.
T v^s ft ? V i\ \ T T^r T | 1 1 i H v t fefTTf^ ft T R i t i r f f i ? I

11 Z i I T sfnT i | T i sraTvtn srtT Z T i T fgiTT T ^ T T Tg^vt^j
ftft TtT Z T 1 T itTf VT TTT friT I 1 V ^SF Vt FTTFIT i t
Z T 1 V = Z T 1 V I T T TV5TVT VHir I
z TV ?= U ZT1 T - Z T IT) =fU^'l
TT TTVllir T V ? ft V T - ^^ - ^ *
^JTF Z V 1 ? Vtsqi^^K^'"
f l X ^. ( f l ) I Tsr TTV>C!F A 1 V T ft
^ JT = T ^ X 3irT Z V \ T = F ' X i ( r I )
Tl5rifcTVT>jirF - = r: ^-. =
V? fTXil(ri!^')
3?TF V ^ 1 X ' X V>JTF ( r i U ' )
51VF VÎI - if^"!^' - ITT TtSIVT
i t i t TTT VTut V TtT VI TITF i t v f iv' ft | I ^ i f t ffts |
f v f l l T t l f?TF ft Tît^T TtT T ' ? i t T TT 'ST v t ftlfl ft TfrTI
T^TTVtirt VT T t i r e I f T l l TtSIVT TtT T1VI TÎTra ITT T??VT
ftTT I I TITtT S I T l t ft T'it'ST TtT H ^ l t T ft 1?FfT {1 ) TT
TSTT g i v t ftTfl ft f r i T t l F?TF ft T ^ V i t Tf^T SITVtîrt VT
i l VTV T T T T ' ? V T TtT TTTTtSFVT vtît VF TIT i n fviT | i t
Hft TflV I I
TfTT T T \^ VTaiTt t" 111: VTT f v i l TiTI q i ftgft ^

TfTT SITTVt^ V^|VC3' STI TtT ftT T l f r ft UÎ^^K' TT TT,
q i ^ i VI T T T TTFT f ^ T TlfT 1 TT Wl | Ejg^ i q ' ?\9
VTTTt ?Vo f ft fspiri TTI, TT Tî TF?Tit V itfTTTT V TTH ftl
TlRuft TT TITtT T 1 T ^ 1 fTTTlfr ftâ.lô' TT TTJ
lift SgTVllTjr ^ ^ " R o ' 3T5T5KI |3II SITI H f t T f T T Tt^TVT i t r t
TTT Vtît V itllS V Tt^T TTI TTT T ' ? V T itTt V 3rf?tTt5 V
TITT T i l l TITT T i f f I
TT; TfTIT i t S I V T - I ( V ^ " r a ' +V=:IHo' ) = Vil|V^V9'|-io"

T f t i T T f ^ T J T - I ( V ^ R o ' v f I^V ) = ^ " R R ' l ^ o "
^* fTT ( ?vs) % Z 1 %f5 vt ^ l ^ ^ ' l ^ o " ITITVT % T VI VtTTT?TV
TTI ^ i fTIT ft T?%55tT f l ^ i l l ft TfT^JT VTft TT Vi.lKV' ^TTF e i T i t %
SfTT mm TTT T f TTT V!<IVV9*!.' | I l i t V T W TTTTT SITTf ft V f F
I fe 3c%fS %5S VV ftTRr TpCTTTitT I TTTT Tt vFfCr fsp qîr
Tf^TTTSTT TfTTTTTtr | I t^Tftr TTTTtSTqST Tt T?T T f f | I-
?<T? I fv % T t T TtSTVT TTft Vt T f fTfT i t TfTT f t TVTt | f v ? f
TTT Tf5T5T % fwft q f f l f T ^ T : T T V T | I Tf? T f t VT ^T?ITTT fTT-
V R f t ftTT Tt I T fTfT v t TVTTT TTf??'T f t i t fv?5 T f t VT ^T?JITT
i t i f t t l V K I I ' I T T : 5 T fTfT ft TTTT TTT TTTT??VT VT TTT TT^TITV
T TfT I
TfT% vt TTiETfrV Tf-T5TT ( gi%f?SVT5TT ) % T?^T ft SlTf^T

Vtft T ^ JTTtit vtTTfTVT Tt STTit Vt TTTfsTit TV f t TtfTT ^ ,
5TVT VTT^ T f t % rT<!J TT Vt fxTtT TT^T ft TTtVTT VT^fT f t STT, fTTft
VtTfTVT vt TftV T f T f T t % TTWT ft VTTT Tff I TJicT: ft SITTt v t TT-
TfsTTt ft TfTV i t TTft T T? T% I TTTTtT TTTfT nf? T 5 T r T r i % TTTVT
v t ' f T g ^ ' T f t ^ : ^ ' sm?^ Tf? SfTlrT TtT VOTfT % itT^TTT TT T f t
V V T t VT TTT^T ftTT %, I T TT STTT f ? i ftft Tt 7TTTt % TTT T!=?VT ft
5 W T f ? V T TTH VT T% ^ I ft Tc^TTTIT VT VTT TtÎVT % TTTcT %
fTTT grerfTV Tft I I 5T% fTiTTI?VTTTli v t '^^TT^Tî- ^ ^ i ^ ^ T Sffi"
TT ?n^T i2W '^^ m^Sm' vt TfT) f t TTTTfrv t t
T ^ % T5TIT T ' ? V T v t ^ T T # I T SVTT | I
fTT ( X^) ft M % f S f t 1 T fT^JfT ft T , T i t , T VSTTl^ TUT |

TTT % %f? ft % T f^fSZTT ft To T i t o T T f ? f T TT Tc^^S f T ^ T T
TTT I I i t T t f i t VT i i t T T itT T ?t f2:?|Tt TT ftTf | I ^ %
?tTt f i t VT %55TFTT I I TITTtT TfTV^TTT % T5TTT ^ %/% T Tf
TTT T f ? V T v t 3q-r f t i t I T f f % T T f ? ^fTfT Vt T^^m | I 3T^:
Z % T 1 Tf TTT T??VT | I fv^f T ? T I T t i V ^ | f v VefFfcT
TtT T f ? T f T f i t VT i t T fT?| T ft 1 TtT % fTf|Tt ft fTTt T itT
% T fT^qrit ft TTT V t ^ Z ^ T % T f t TTT T f ? V T vt?3J ftTT I ^ %
^ cC fgfI TT TTTT VT% T % ^ i t T=3T I ft T , sftT i t ^ fT?|Tt TT
? T , = ? Tt = % T VT5 fTTT ITT T , T i t , IT i t T fTf|Tt ft TT^TTTT
T , T T% T S ' f T ^ T T fVT l i t T V K i t i t f n t % fgrtT TtT fTr| T TTI
T , T% f r f f r t ft Tift TITT f T T i T i t , 'i'lTI cfT Tf?T5T TITT % fTtr
?tTt T S f ^ t ft TTT TsP, T , T T% T f t TTfT5 ftTI I fTft Z % T ? T f
ITT T??q;w vr srrsri ftJir artt g-avr ^qr % ? / % T f t i t srTt^ ^qi ^ TTT
IT?? tT55r = % ? y %T
3o
w '
s T r i r i %TTT v t itifiti vsrr i Tft T??VTrT v t ^m 1 1 1

Z % T ^ z:% T ^ ?r Tfr ftTI T f % T ^^r % TS'V f^?? vt JTRVT
^ % T sq-rgrs* ft I T J^TVT ^J^V T % ^ ft f e s fv^r ^TT g^rrr | \
Z % ^ T = '?.o ^gf^rcr q-| f a ^ f T f | ft TFTTF I 3T^: TRcftq TrTfqt
ft fTTT T?r?T ft TTT Tf^TJTt Vr TIT ^tSf TITI | I TfTIT S I T l t ft ?
^'1 vt %'S TITVT fr^TI STITIS" ft feV^'S ( T f T f T Tift ) ftT TTI^T
Tf?V5I ÎTT fVTT | , fvf^ TeTITIT Vf TTT T'?VT TTft TfT | TtT
TIETFTVTI % STftTV f T V J | I 3IITIT VITFTVH Tt T?T v t I T TfTVeTTI
% T'^TiT VI TITT T f t VT ^% I
^ To
s i i t T iTTftTjff ft TtTif? sr^T Iff % FTIT 5TVfT Tftv^TTisrlf grtr
T ^ | T v t i f i v t siri'sTr VT1T srrtTTT f v i r i t arcTfer f m TFT-
f5Tfi 31^51 |f I 535 vt-flffer | i % f^-tT i t T W iT?o[VT i t t itT
i f s T V i TTtT jTiT ft ^fr% sitr i i v t arrvritT ftifirit vt w i : v t ^
ftitTT5sr ftlfe ft T T fTTTTT TTI i t T f TTVt T T l i t T|t Tt I Tff TV
T ' ? i t T ?TTT It | T v t Tt i f T TTT5T i t 3 1 % ^0 Tift sftt it5
T i f t Tt T f t TfcT ftitTTsT %i \ TTTTT STTlt ft ^^T fV I T l i t T t T
TJTTTt v t <5V T t T Tc%'3 f ^ ( T?? s f T l T ) gRT litT^ljf Sq^TT I f f
f t T V i t i t 3'ftft T %TT tTtVTt fVTT f v 3?%?^ f T I t Tf Vf TTT
TS% %'5 % q f t r : Tff f v i t TTfT %'5 % i f t i : ftcTT | I f f 1 Tf| TT^T
f t V t T f i t TTTTT TfT f v T f ^ r f l f T ( Tf^Ttil'STfT ) VT T f T VtftTT^rr
T f Tc%fS ftT, tTf 3r?T T S f T ft ^ % ' ? % Tftt T t t T ^ i t l ftlT | I IT
TVTt i t i ftr I Tf^rpTfT Vt T f T VtftTT^f Tf%;g frT ( Tf^SffffftT)
VT %f3 T t t T f l f T p T T f f T VT %f3 T t t V S T f T ( Equant ) VF V'S
fTT% TFtt i t t Sffftt VF V'S fTTF | I fv?5 T T ^ t f f 51 f^TftT^TTF ft
T f T % v t ?TPsTF TcT'T f l T T ^'SrifTTfT i f ^ T F V SftF i ^ f t i t I ITFTI^
Tfftft T f TFT fTTF fV VTFf T % qftTl ^Tft % TPlfttfi sffTftT fTTflT
ft srtt V f t T f t ^T3F I T I t i t T TFTFTI ft I f T l T v t sqreTF ft f?TtTF
TFft % frtr TfTftl i t t Tt5T TfTftI itTt% %'St vt VSTFfift f t '^Tft
|q TFTF I TTfq VSTfT (l^ft'H) VF %'S i t i t TFT Vît ft f l T TF TTlfq
T i t TFTFTt vt T i t v t qftfT ft T f T f T t % i^st VF fIFTF fTT^F f t v t
TFTTF qfF I 51 TT1# | | T f T f l STF^TF ft f T v t TFT ft T t t TfTV
TTT;T q5i v t fg:TT i TT% T^^VT VF TF^TFTV 3TFV5TT T ftft % VFTÎT
TFTIT SFTit T f TFTft % f^Tir f^g^F f^r f v f T crv TTT ( =T5P^T?IF ) ft
i t ^rt Tf?t^T q t TFTF I 1 TFTFT V t l f T V I ft 5?rvt TFTtTTF v t | T t t
TqfF ^ T T ^ t ft T f f ? ' 3 l i vr STcT fVTF | f v f T % T^^FfTfT v t qFtfT
ft tr^ sitt TfTfTfT VF %=S ^TcfF | f^rgft 39% Tf?VT ft FTTTTF 3 7 -
T5T f t i t I I cTFfqi T f I f v ^T % qf^rr: | T % ^TIJF TIT VF %f3 ^ i
%'5 ft FTT ?TFT ft I, T^t ft g i ft | T v t ? t t % STFTFS' ft tr^ f T
'itTF TTT Tt 3ft T ' ? q % f T vtJt, f v t T?? i F ^ f T % %?S T t t ^ i v t ? t t
% ^ i t l t T FT5TT ftfr^ siFTfT Tfit=ST FT?I %f5 q t ' i t ^ it 5 T TfTfT
VF TIf ^ iFcTf3 flTF I JIVFt T?? TpTftl VI i t TFTIT FTFl^rVt
|rT% v t v t T f I I vtqrfTVT ft T f f TTf T v r t v r T f T f T T i w r
I TTf f v 1'3Tr V Tf^VTft=5f 1% TTVft ( E v e c t i o n ) % f^rcr 5Tf? ifTt=3^-
fT vr trv T\t T f T f vf^TT fVTr | I TISvt Vt T^STF % SfSTTTft^feT-
f'T Tf f^?r ^^TT TrfftT I fv^T TfSTI VT TtT T'^TJT Tr^cfTft^zm
TSrr tfTT I I ITfTCr sptTfTVT ft V^TTT T f t Tt Tr^TfrV^T v t T^TV | I
fV^T f T % T ' 3 V T % fTTT ft Tf V5TTr T^TF^T | 1 TTTTT ft |T VT T??-
VT SrTTt v t fTfT ft #Sr TTTST fTT | Ttt VtTfTVT Tt TTft TcT^T
? f e VtftVfTt V?TTT STTcT Vt T% f I f T f?^TTqT Fv ^Tt |T VT
sTTTt % grtr ^HT TT^rsT fTT Ttt T s v t TT?<TFTFV F^TFS ^Tr I I
TTTVT TTTTTtftfT % T^ft^T Ttt T^^TYT FT^^Tt % FTTft^J %

FT^ ft FTFT VT ^ 3TTtT FVTt | I T f t f T TTTTT % SftT
TfTi T T V t ^ t ft fT % Tf?t=5T FT?! VT T'ftT?T Vt t|| I 51% FT^T FTT-
ttcT F?TTTt % pT i t TTtVtljrt Vt ftT % gTtT TTT5T V t 3T% TST T
T??t5T v t F5T% artt TTft ?=;o sf^r =pt ^tt TT T'îtT v t F?TFT TTT ft
TTTTt I fVfg 5TVT FlTftTT %TT TTtftT Vt% V f T R % t i l ft
VtTT TrFfiT 1 ST^jftftV9 ^ 5 n f U = : f o v t K T% TfSTT TTT fT VT i r
FVTT Tf, TT Fv Tf VT TfTT TTtvtlJT ^^lô' TT, TT Tf VI FTET V V
tfFT ft TT Tt TI Ttt T5TT ^ T - ' - F T ^ T tlF9Ift?o|3o' q^ ri I
|TtI T^JTf fflTTt ft f o ft <3 TIT v t TIT; TTTT T% FVTI
TI I TTFV T f FTI^T T v t t i F i ft ? fl 3 o' It ?ri srtt T^TT g;i f I^T trfT
ft ô<^ q^ qr I Ttt I T vr SITt VtjTT JT: ^f |3 O ' TT I TT TFV ^T V
irsJTJT 5TITfti t T t sftt TTtVtljr v t TtTIT 5?T f t i t f TT: T f tT? | Fv
I T v t Tfil=ET 5T i t i t ?Tlit % T^q-ft^ i r t l STCT: JTTT ^ i ^ tl.
?o|So' ftFgitTTT ?o tl. ?o|j' ^pt T3lft Tt YtI.|o|3o' |3ri 5TV
TI^ ^ tr. l o ' t U ' vt ^ tI.?o|3jo' ft TSlft Tt TT VT T'it-T tl^TlF?
o| ? ol ? V |TI Ttt T^TitT tI5TlF? ^1 ? ol?y.' |3TI 1 SIVIt STTit ft
ftT tiFT % ? 0 Tt |T VI Tf?t=5T TIT FvTI | rTTI Tf i t FT'afl | Fv
T^T ^TTifftTtV iftl Tf TT V ^ Tt i t arifri t I
vtTfTVT ft i t CTTTt Vt TTTfcT-Tt VI f t TTTT FvTT | I qV TT ft
S I T i t v t T T vt Ttt Tt i F ^ FVTT | I
f T VT T f T T T5-5T;T TITft % FT^ T f TIT5TV | Fv STTTt % T J T f t

f T % j p i t ^ sftt T'??ftT >TT ^ i v t ftifi ft T f r W sratvtirff
VT !ITT f t I JT^PT T f ftlftr TT^rfiv TTftW 1??V5r STfB Vtft ft TTTT
H I T T f t I fVT i t 3flH5r TTT % fTIT l?r^T T T i t n TfTT f t | I CTTTt
% f T 5 ^ % Tfit'TTTTT v t TTFT Tt TTTtTfTV TTT T^^T Vtft ft TTT
T f t I I mT TH% HTH 7fT?!JTT Tt TTT^cTT f t t TTTfT fTSTT sitfTT Vt
TTTFsrif % STrST TIT % f T ^ I T fTpTTt VI TTTtT TfTT f t TITTT
T i f f I? I ^ i f f v ^ft TTT TVST %?3 "^0 ftft ft 5ft5IVT Tt T f t t T ftTI f t
f T % TTf^t^T ft T f T V |T ftft % Vrtrr ITft T f S V T T t TtfT f t T?T f t H t
rIT Tf? f T vr fT5:T TTft T'?t=5T TT f\ sftT ^T ft f T VT T g T v t ^
T f T T f t Tt ^ i t fTTfT ft TI^TfTV T f t t T TF?VT VI TIT T5:TT | 1 TT
f T f T % i t ftitTTST TftIT STTVtTrt % 5ITT TT% T f T T TtSIVT T t t
T f T T TTf^VT VT fTtJIT V^T I ^T? | Tfil'ST ^Î Tt Vt ^ v t f5'fT
ft fTTT TTI T f T T Tatvtlir T t T i t H V T v t TT f?TfT v t ?ftf3T V^TI
fTTft T f VI Tf?V^" fTSTIfT T??If?TVT3TT % |eT ftTT T t t T'?TtT
t^gi T t ^T v t ftTfT ft fTTT TTT T T t v t T Tf?TffTVT3TI ft t f f T
fT^TT 5?T ^ ft TTfTT itETVT Vt sftRlT V^TI I 5Ti%tT ^tTt TTtvt^lff
% i t T VT TITT T f tlT i t s i V T ftTT T t t %t T t ft fTVtitjrfTfi % SltT
TtT T??VT VI i t TIT f t TITTT I
SITTt ft ?3, fo % R\ fTTTTt Vt ^T VT T f T T TTtvtljr \ ^'

TITI TT I TTt TT T S T TIT ft f T VI T H t v t l J TTTT TTI TI t
5 T i t T t % TtTIS ft T f T T i t S I V T R\ \ %' STIcTI | I T f Tft^JTlT TI?^-
f r v ft V T t I 5T i t ' l l f t T f ? V T VT i T TTTTT ^T ft 3TI?I TT V T TST
|TT I, ITtfV i r f t T t T Tr?<5T R [ T I T l l Tt ^ ^ * T : TTI^clfTV | I
S i r i t ft | T t l ftT n f o V TT^T v t T?STI TTT f T VI TftIT
STtvtjrr ^^t" I U ' TITT TTI ^ TT TI? 1 f o STT^cT v t f T
VI TIS: V l i t T T f t l T TTtVtiT I U ' TITI TI I I T itit % Ttll^
T?T T t T itsiTvT ^3 I sinrT I fv^S T f ? V T ^ f t TITT | k
VtTfTVT ft TTft TTT % TTt gJtl TftffT Vt% T f fes fVTI % fV T t T
Tt5I<^T VT TIT ^3 I VI.0' SfTTT | I TT Tfe |ft ft ft CTTTt VT ftTt-
T T T T=5^^T STtvt?!T t V TSTT' i t TtTlfTV TTtvtilir ( V0 |
V o ' - . A I a' ) = I ^\3' 3IITT | I TSIFT T l f f T V ftit ft f T VI
T=STtT TtTr?T STtvllII TV TITT fV^T T f t fiT \\ I V i t f
:^t; I 3A3' ^r|t ^ t i t ft T t T 1 ? ? - ^ VT Tf?!JT f?^TIlTi' I
^ v ^ t?Ft f T vr it TSTT, l i i t i t r r I I 3rrfg ttbtt l i i tt
% ;t??vt i t t TtsTTJT vr T 5 v r t v t i t t t t vr ?tj?tit TrvrT ft
S5!T ft^r I I TiTcf: TT TSTT f i , TT % T'it^T TT ftTF i t ^ i ft TTVT
JTfTTT aTTVtFTTTTTT?3V7 p T f f T TTT it5iqB5T ftTr, TtT TT T f
I T % T f ? i t T TT ftTr TT T^Vr T f T T SHTVt^T TTT T^^TJT ft f T i
TTTTfSTVT 5^T ftTr I TTTtT TITrTt ft l i t srrTfT TT ST^ T t t TT
vr TTTTtsrVT TtT TTTT^^TJTt Vt TTT ftTT Tr I STT:fevîS% TJOTT-
TTT itSTVT == I ( TtT T f T T THTvtT + 3^T5T T f T T TTTvtm )
TTT T'TTJT = ^ ( i t T T f o TO vt^Jf - T^T T f To ^t^J )
^^^?T Tf^Vjf = fT3Tr + fT^Tr ^ TTT T'TTiT
TtT?T Tf ?V<i = - r^rSTT ^ TTT T??VT
fTT ( ?\ )
Tff f T fT = ? TtT 3TT 5 T^^VT = % T l f t i I TT: fTTTTf^T fTT (t ft
T Tt Tc%?5 T T vr 3TrT T t t % %'=5 | , T i T ' i t ^ TTF Tt Tf?TtT
fTf| I I T^ H%fS I Tt fTTtr fT5| I, T T t t Tt TT'I % 5?T TTSTlfT-
T T TTr^ TIT I I ST (t?! ft T'TTtsrrfTTtl (TtHTtTt'STTTT) Vt TTT
T T TTT TtTtT itSTTfTfTT v t TTT T V ^ T t T f | I T TTT Tt
fT|Tt V W T ^ ^ i t TT sfiTT: T T artT i t V TTf TTft Ttr | I
TT TTT T f v T'srfTrf TTTT STT: VTfTV T f T T STTVtlir 3 S^T

I TtT i t T f T ' l TrTT THTVtT Tt T V | I
.*. Z. T T sr = n I ^' TtT Z. Tt T V = I ^\3' I

TT T T T srtT i t T^ V i t TTvtlJT ftlit ft,
;j 3r= i t V I t t : i t i t T5T TITSrt vt TTTfTg TTT % ^T ft t?V

f T T T TTTTT TTT Tt TTT frvtÎTfTfT ft
T T ^TT Z Tt T V .
- ~ = : ^ TT VPTTTTTTT
T Tt 3TT Z T T T *
J fT + l - f T _^3Tr Z T t T V^3TT_V
fT-i.fr 3Tr z T T V 3Tr t
A = !?L5 1 sf^r f T v t T t T I ^ f T ^ ' ^ ft
?- 1 3TT T
^^.TTV-^TTT ,
R 3TT V 3TI T
^ ^ STT ^ (V - T ) Vt^TT ^ (T + V)
^ 3TT ^ ( v + T)vt3Tr 5 ( v - t )
= ?T ^ ( v - t ) x vt?T ^ ( v + t )
^ TT - t ) ^ ^T ^ ( Z T t 5 . V - Z T T sr)
~ TT ^ ( V + t ) t t 5 ( Z T t T^V + Z t T~V)
^ TT ^ ( I 3V3' - U*^ I V ) _ ?T V" I V^'
*^ TT 2 ( | Y \ 3 ^ f ^ " 0 I V'T ~ ? T R ^ " I iô'
5= , =
3Tr""'*5= I '3-
t t : % T T T % srjOTT T f ? V T = R X ( ? I K^' vs')

= Rl I it? V
fv?5 T f i f ? V T SFTVI STTTITT % mfm iTf?V5r ft T f i f i T a r f i v
11 i s v r vrtJir m | ft T f vftsir??^^^^^! fTîrr ft TSTT farr |
TT: 5TV> fT^q-r ft q f t T T V T T r srrTWvl I:T% ftt? %, TT T T
pq-f^Strr 5TTTT^ ft T T T T f T "at^ i t t TtTrT HTTTV % TJTTT T
fTf5TT % T vt fSTTi VT TtT % ft?? ft % T TT % T TTT TIT Tt Z.% T-
? Tf TtmfrTVT^TI ^ T fr^TI ft II'?TJT VI TITI ftTT I TT TifTT 5
VT TTT T f ? TJTIT Vt TTTTTT ftTT I
5 T f ? V T = ?T~^ 5 = TT~
^ M'^^^ = ?olVV' ei^nft V TJTIT
^ T f ? V T = ? o|V ^TTT % TJTIT
Tff t T%TTt VT sqi^r TffT^crf gfT Vt TYT PTTT ^TI
TIT5TV TT^TT f I STTTT SITTt ft Tt i f t Tff I f r i ? t ft T 3
TtT T Tt Tf?V?Tff ft 3rt TTTfT | T f T TtT Tt fTf|Tt TT ftit Tt
TTIT STITf^ ft TtT ^ fq'fg ft ^t^q^ jyf ^1^91 ^91 SAT T T
1 Tt Tf3Vl!jt ft TcTT TtTt vt^ft v t 3TITt ft ftTT TtT 5 VtiCJ VT TfT
% ? / f T v t fT3TT, 5?T f t ftTI I VTT: T f i Tt TITT Tf?VTI5* v t 3TT
TtSTffcTVT^TI TfTÎfT | I I T v t fT^TT STITTS ft TFT^FT fTCTlf^T
T V K ft ftTt I T Tt Tf^t'ST ^TI TT % fTf| ft % T T T T ^ T f T T TtT
T T vt FTTITT I TT Z ? T % TtsTfffTVT^TtT Tf3VTI5 TtT Vt^ST
? T % fT^TI ftftT T f ? V T r S |TI I TT fT^T ? T V ft
IT V Tto sfo qjo 5TI
T? =
vt^TI Z T T V vt^TI ^ T o V o
SltT fT'JT T T T ft
^^^^^ 3TI Z T T ? X TT ^ ^ ^_5lJ_^_5!21.*L?

TT fT
ITft T T V TIT v t TTITITfTl ft
3TT Z i T T 3TI Tfo ^0 X5Tto sfo T? 3TI

VtsTT T V X f^
, Tq x-qT ^ ;f.Ti. X 5Tt sf.qR.^qi

fT
fT3TI fTitT TfTTiT 3TI - =? 3TI ?O|YV' x^TI R^V<o'
Tf irfi W'^m f^^^
A T f ? V T = VR^'|3V*V'
VTTT v t TTTfeT ft T^?"?JT3qT = o'^tj^â x o'voV? = o'o\3\%X^
Tf?VT = VR5'|^^"
sra T f TSTT I f v I T i t T t SIVK V T ' 5 V T t ft I V ' 3 ?5T T f
iTv ^ srrftTr Tr fTT i | f v i t T t vr TTVTT T i T t fTfT^s V?T ft
Vtft Tt T V?3 f9T T f T?T?7 TTTr ft T^TftT TTT^T ftTF I T f i t T t
i ; T?vrc fTf^rif v t fTrrr v vitci i f T Ta; v f ^ T i ft gf? TTTt
SrTTt T t t TTTt VtTfTVT Vt TftV^TTTTt Vr TTTTTT fVTT TTT i t f T
T ^ V l i vf'=3V TtTTf^'ST TTT T r i Tt^ ?o"|Vv' VTr TTT V t
TRJTT V t V T f f i r T VT TT^S TTI^^TTT Tf?5T>S3 TTTT TTTT ftTT, fvt
T V f S ft l i f T T ? TV Vt f t t Vt f^^q-r T f V TT^S JT^^VT Vt
5ft5TrffT!ST3Tr TTT fT^TT T t t Tf?V^f ft TcTT vt?!J vt it^Tvrs
TTTVt T f vr Tt TT^ TTTT TTTT TTTTT T f t E I T i t V T i t fT^TT f i t T
T ' ? V T ft Tt TTT ftTT I 5 T V fTtr f^W ( Vr fTTtS5T ÎSTI T i f fIT I
TTT t 5T ^ ^ TT^ i r ; ^ T T^ fefiTTTrif srTTt ft i T
% TftTtTTt ft T f TTTT | fV f T % TTT5T Tf?V?r ft tf^VTt Vtft T t TTVt
TTVTTtT f?TfT TTTcrfTVcTT v t TTTTTt T f t f t i t , fv^T T'TTtT ft ^t
^tt Tt TT% T^TVT ft T f s 3TT5T f t i t | 1 r.^ T f s v t TT$lf5T v f t | |
ITVt T?TI%5e ( ) ft TTTTT JTTTt fTTft | fv | f TTT % U T TT
TTt^ ? n f o ft I T % i t isTTrt ft |f I T f T t ft T5T5T ^ tT I \o
I T v t fTTfT ft TfrTT THtvtIT U ' I ^' TT T t t ^Ttt ft T^TTtT^T f i
v t fTTfT ft T f T T TTtvtljr I U ' TT I 5 T ftrtTTST TftîrrT ft
Tf?T>T T t t itSTVT TTTTFTV Tff TTT5T ftft I I T T T T f s T i f ft STTTt
ft T f Tft^rrrT fTVTTT f v T'T TfTTtT VT it f^Tt | fVf^ TH%
TTtt T t t 5T1TTT fTTT | fTTVT T f %?S | 1 fTVtTT vtTfTVT ft T^T
SffiTTI % vt TTT Vtft Tr?r ^ T f T T Vt V5TTr v t Tt TtTfTf|
v t srtt T^TVT v t f f s VTTT | 1 fv?5 3^T v t Sitt ^ i T T T 5 T T^T-
T;T vt TTlfTTT f^TT | , TTT f v T'STF % T^STiT ft =5ffTT5Vrt v t
Tfr^PTI vt fTITTTT TTI | I fT^T fTTI|Tt v t VITl fff^fT^TfT^rrTT
ft TVlfTT vtTfTVT v t J^TV VT T^TIT ' T T t i t T fToit VI TftgJT^H' VI
{X-R<^ ) S V t l J I^TT TifftT I
5H% VIt?if ft T f T t TIT i t T f I f v | T VI Tît^T S'lTit % Tjgrt

tl5TlfT ^ tT I ?o I i t TITTFTV Tff I I T TTT f o ft f T ^
q?5>oT ^tri Rfiô'art?: TTf?itT T T ^rfgr ft Ro' fsm
^rrifV ft T T T fT'ir | ft ftT ft ?o ir'^TtT sVv T f f i ft?| TrT^fTV
ftTfcT TT TTVTT ftT VT 1 % sr^T |T VF t r v ' T T ft Tt TTT T^Tt'T TT
TTTT TTtVTT VT fTtr 1 5TT vtTfTVT T t Zimt v t TfT>ST"tTTf5T VT
ScTf^TTT T VT T% ftfg SrTTt% T T T ft ^ T ft TTft T T T TV TTI
ft f T % TfTt'ST v t TFT I \o' TTTVT 5c^V T T ft II^V T T ^ ^ T
Tfit'sg TfT TTT ftft 1 JI^TTt % T T T ft ?^V3o TV ?^Xo T T ftft f TTft
Tf3tt^ T % 3 I ^ ' ^ I I grcr: ? TT I I ô' ^T^TTtT ft ^ I 5.'
Tirft TT STTTt % T T T f T VT T^TtTtT TT5TTfT U T I | ftTT | I
I T TtT ft TfTVT TTVT T T Vt TIVTTtT fTifT vt T^TTT v t T | ftcft Tt
qjfq- ft f T Tt TFT TfTt=5T TT 3TTTT | I I T V?TTT v t 3TIT9TVTF T f t
ftTt TTTF %":TT v t i t T T T t T V5TF ft ^ T TFFTT T ^ T V T ft T^TCTJ |T
v t TIIITF VT TfTVtrf TTVT TTJ TfTV^jif TTJ f T T-TV^rf SftT I T TtTt %
TSTTT? TtST%;3 ft 9ltSTVT TTTT TFT Tt T t SFTTt V 3TT5T THFT^^T
VF TTFTFT f t TFTTF I vtTfTVT ^TF ITFTTT TV Fv ft gT%?5tT
VTF ft f T VF T f T V T IFFTT T f t VT T V ft I
TT?? ^ ^ ^ ^
Tf I T FTSF^T SITTt %<^T (TFfFTV)
|T y 1 r
? 1 Y i ^ r f 1
^ 1 ?o-ic'
TtT 1
1 i'
TFT ^ 1 %V ^RY'
* TFTTFFTS % TfTFT TT VF TTTT^TVT TFROFt ft R\%V | I
Tf I T Fa^P'T EFTTt TFfFTV V'^TT
fT
V^R?'
TtT VoR^' V^R?'
?oOl V Ui t.'
TFT ^RV' ^l c
I T fTlTT aTI^rTV
TT
a
2^
5lfT
i
fTSSft T V W f ft TTTTTT TTT | fV i T t ft TRTTff Vt TTVirtT f^TfT

T'TVT T t t TtSTVT IT Tt TFTTTTTtfTTTV VTt V T T V W ft TfT^T ftTt
?. TT^TTff %t q f r T-T ^ f T f t ^ T T T TTTT Tft % Tf^rtT fTTtT

TtT TfTTt vt STI^TT TfTIT fTTIT % TfTT ifTflT % TIT |3rr | I
TTTT TTT ftrtTtT ( TTffTV f TIV ) ft fTT ^TtfTT VT TlfTTT^l?! t f T V
fT TTI <Hoo % ft |3tl, ^?IT;I T T ^ T fft ftTIl^
STtfTT, fTTITf fTSUT, TflTITT TtT J^TT ft TIT i r t T t T t TffTt
ft am ftTI I I 5TVI TT^T ^ ? T T : TftriTIfTV | I T^STI TtT fT
% TT TIT TTT fefTTt vt T?!TTI STITflfTV TTTTt T T TrTlfTcI
I I TITT Tft vt T J T t T TTT fTTtT TfTTI fTTat ft fTTt TITt
Tt TTI TTft srfT'SSTiT vV ^TTI Tt TITt Tt I iÎTTT T f IJTI^ ft tTfr
T f cT5[<if l^TI Tft % TTTVTT TTI Tf K I T TTtfÎT % T'UVIT Vt | f
^T =TfSTI vt TfTTt ft TI5TfTV T^TfT, TT VT ^T % TIT TTT TtiT,
55 WrfT % T T T V m t VT TTCI fT?T TTT T5=T % SifflTV ft TftfSTT % T5=T
VIT VI TTT ( XWi ) TT " T ( TI 7,^-^-^% ) Tft % Tgi TIT %
^TI^^ TITt VI T^JITft TIT V % T sqtfTT % TJT fT^TT SHrrrit TTI T f
T% % 15T T'ftT?!! ^ 3Tti; VTTt | I IT 5^1^ ft Tft VI ^T ft T^TftvT
11 ftfg arRwit v t fi^ftir nfir v XTTTT % ftir s n i r i srii^ftfTiS %
%T5r 5ft5rTtit=3TfTf qfrfT artt isftsiV'S vr TTTti' fvTi 1 1 i t f i
TiieiT T | V sTfTTTfTVt^ % TcT'T i i T T T;r ÛJ^;^ % i t^^ m sftt
^TTT i TTTr T r F f f v Tf^q^T TCTFfsrT T-it^T vr i sriTr fTTT
5TTT I I T f i t - T TTIT T n'Z^^Ê TFT TTft 3T?qr ftcfV | I fv^f

Tf9T^ ft sn^r ftTI TTI TlVm ft 5T% fTTTTT TF^TT ft ^T V> TITI I T
fgTI T f TfT vr T?!TT fTSI^T T?Tt vt TTFT f t | I THVTITIT ft TITTTtT**
TTTI vt ft 3ITTTTI | I l i f t TT^S | fV T^T % T f T T V ( ^ Tto ^to }
VIT ft *nTT ft Tf TfT VI STITflfTV Tf^JJTtT TT^T TIT f t fVT TI TtT
VfTT 3qtfTT ft TTÎ TTTtT ftTI TI I TfT TV fV vfTTJTtfTT V TTT
f r r t T t T t s Tt VfTT^TtfTT % fl^TtfTTIT TT T^T fTJ^ft ft I TITTf:
fTffT ft T%T3TtfTT ft TTTT TITtT TTTITt % TftV T t l t VT T^^T
fVTI I I
ftTtitfTTI ft i t I T TTT TV TfTfT % STTTflfTV T^JIT VT ?T^T
fTTtfTT ft f V I TI TTI T T I ^ i t TTft ft I TTlfT TITT SltT ftTtTtT V f t
i t ITft sriitT TTT ft T f T f i % ^TIT%TtT STRTI VI v t f fTTT TT-
T5T T f t ftTT I ftititfTTT ft T'STI vt fTTW TfTTt vt STRTI % fTtr
q v Tfit=ffT TIT v t V5TTT Vt Tf Tt i t Tf?TI % T?T%fSTFT ( T?S TfT-
T=5T TRI ) % qV TTT VI TTT ftTI | I ITft ?fTV T^STfT v t fTTTTI
TT% TfT%;5[ TfT TTTTTt TfTVTt ft TICT V t TT TVTt | I TITT ft
TITri TVTfT TtT TTTIT T^^TT TTT ft 5 5 ftfi vt TTT: T^TIFTT V ^
TVTfT TITlit TtT fTfT fT!=TITf?TJ T^T VI fTTtlJT fVTT TI I ft T t i t T t T f
TFT v t TfTfitT aTTlit TT TTTt V fIT T i t Tt ^fftft TTTt TfTT
^TITf^TfT Vt fTfTTt % 3TTtT gl^l Wf TfT STRTI VI TT35T fVTt I
Tf STfrfi i t TTTTT ^T T^S v t fTTT TfTTt vt Tf^rtrtT ffriTt ft
3TT5T fVTI TTI5TT fTTTTt iitTTT, ( E u d o x u s ) TI I
t TTI f TTTTîrr ^TTt Tf ^TTT TTmTI^Trt fTTtfTVTitTT TfT fTfTT

ST^rfT^TTTTTTTTfTI^ TSIT TlfTfTTfTTfsi^T VIT^sp'^rr ST i ft^ =T
TfTTJ?rTT TfTTITTt T f TfTTITTITrTt TTITTHJlt ^TfitTt TfOTI TfT"
T^T TSTTIfT^ TIîTfT^ TtTT^TTITcTig ( -'R? )
TPTt T T ^ TTjiTrTI %JI? T^TI TT TtTTfTI
fTIT TgJ^fT TIT TcTI TTît T vtSI 5T TI^TITr: 11
( fT fT. TtTI^TTT ) I
mtfiV^ 5 m ft 5ft5rw5s JTRT i T f t Tft ftcfV 1 1 i f ^ i t T 5 m ft
ir??ws irfei l i f t ift f t i t 1 1 ft'? i t s r i t i TTTT ft it^r ^^nf'^
asrft Tft fTTtTTRr fTi> t i TtsT^qEsirfer T f v Ttsrt^T TTIT ft TSTT
TIT JTfT TV TSTT TFT ft Tft fTTt | I fv^g T'TW^S TfT
q-f?t^T ?TTT ft TSTT TfT TTTT TV T^TTTFT ft ftTt | I T^T^T'^S
f i t T T T cftjt ( T-^JfrgiT ) ( n v . |o 50 ) TTT VfTS TfTtTt T t t

TTST TT I laft gfTTT vt ^^tTfqjT V K , TSTTTt Vt fT3r TT I TTft
^TrftrrtT TfTt vr ^TT^T v t g-î TT a t t T^^TT v t fTTT TfrTt vt
STT^TT V fTTi: IT Tgt vt ^ft ftT ft fTTT mTT, fTTVT V^S ^ V ' 3
Tft TT I ST^T T f f vt fTTT i f T T t Vt STT^TI V fTtr ITft TTTfT fVTT
TTT 1Tt V TTVf'^V 51TrfT T t i t vt V?TTr STtf TTft TSTlfTV TTTT
vt STfTT fVTT I T?;fT T f fftST^T TTTTt T tfT, ftt Tt T f T^T fTglTt
% TT^'^ 3555 f t TTT fv ^TrT%T vt fftSTt ft Tft Vt TfTTt vt
fTTTTT TTT5T ^t Tf TVTt | I
srftjrVTfitTTT ft I T TTr T^STT V srrVTt ITT f f t T t vt TIT
Vtft % fTtr ^TtfTTtT fTfTTt VT TifTTfT fVTl Sltt ft fTpTTf arft^JIVT
( ;^r;o |o cjo ) ^t TTFT f t I ITft T f fe^T'T TfTTlfTT fVTf fV T5TT
T05T vr i f T V ^TT^T i T t % TTft T5T vt Tf?:35Tr % VftTT f t | TTT
^ T t GffT TTt T f IT vt ^ TfC3iTT Vtft | I TTfT ^T ft f t TTTt
TTtT Tft % vt^ntT T^Ttt ft TTvt T3; TIT TfTTt Vt TTTfsT Tfft f t
ft fTfTT Tt, fvt Tt 5T fesr'T vt 3 3 % TTTITfTV fUTt Tt ^TtfTTt
ft Tft TTTT 1 ITVT Vltîr ^?Tr TftiJTtT f fTiTt STtT TTft fTST^T V 5TJ
TfTTTTT VT TTTT Tft fv^f TTTT Vt TTTTV T T t f ftT Tt I f T t t TTT
T f Tt f v TT TTT VT TfT Tffts TTrfTV TTVfTitT | T T ^ T ( R^^-
R ? ^ ) ft IT fT3T?T VI TTT f T t t T fVTT I
^ T t ^ f r T ' S r ( Apolonius )TTt fTTTat TTtTtfTTT VT T^T

(R^^) Tt" i t o ft fsrr TT I T f i f f g i ^ r sît {TT, TITTT, TTTTT, T f r -
T t T T T ) % fTTT ft fT% T^ T5=Tt % fT^ it 5rfT3 f t f ^Tt^T ft Tt T f
TfTTt % VTtlit vt Rmrft % fTq; TfTTTt itt Ttit'TTTlt % fsSTTt
VT TTTV I I TrT Tt T f | fv ITVt TftV^TTT ft i i t Vt fcTt TTTVt
i t f^r^ Tt'TTT ft l i T ' 5 TTI TfT TRT Tff Vt TfTTt VT fTTTT fVTT,
f.T% fTft 3JrtfTT'TT?T TTT TTVT ITlTjt t|TT I %TTt TTT f f J T ft TfTV
TTTTT ?T TTTTT vt fTTTT T i f ftr | f?|f % HEnglTt ft TltlTft % T3)
T f TfcT T?r TTRTV TT?T TTT^T ftcft | Ppff T t 3 tTcsqfcT TTTfTV
( TTTtT ) T t t ^(JTcTV TT fT^ftT 5tfft ftTt | I ^TF Tift ftTT | TT^T
5"T? fVTT TT TfT I I
TTT TfTTt v t TtTI VT fTTtTirr fvTT TTT I TfT TTtrTTT Vt TfTVeTTTT'

TfriserVT vtSTT %i ftTt Tt T f I T %n=3T Tf T5TT % TfTTTTT if ^'tT:
TT5T f t TTT ftTT I fTT% fTtr fT5T VtTfTVT ( ? V V 3 ^ - ? W f o ) vt'
T T ^TT I I
^ r ^ f * r i t 3 T f t fTTfT fTTTTt f | T T ^T {R^'^-R ? R ) 5TVT ^TFT
VTT I I TTffTvt TTT ST TTfTVt ft ft TTT Tt TTft fsÎfTt .ft TtfTT
I I TfTKJrva v t I T %f?5V TfT^TT 5?ft % fTTtT % VITIJ fTSilTt ft
5TtfT T f t | | I I f f t f t I T Tf STT, TTT TTT TTTT T f t v t TfTTt vt fTT-
fTT VTft % fTtr T f ^ f TITV q V ^ft T^TVI fTTtm fVTT TI Tt T^TflffT
T ? i t ft TfTTlfTT ftft % VTTljr T f t % TV TIT TlfT TfTTt v t 5T^3 =^T
ft TTfTT VTTT TI I Ifffft i T t ft T f t v t |fTTt % fTt? TTvt T ^ % T f -
TIT f t TTTTTT VI fT'tT fVTT I Tt T f fTTTt f t TfTV TfTTITI TI T f
S^Tt ft TTTT f t fTVS | I T f fTSI^T 5?ft % gITT ufTTlfTT | I VTT: |Tt
% 35T ft T f t v t ffTfT I T TVIT | :
T f J , f T , Vl^, I T , i T T , ff5TfT TtT TfT THIf % fT^t % TIT i t
l i t SET v t T f T5TI ft T% TIT t I
f f T [ ^ ^ f t fTTT fTfTfTTI JIIfT % f T T l i t ft I f 5' (Ut-t^^)
?TVI VITVIT I I ft T t i J T gtT ft TTTt ftTTITI TTlfTT VT T K t % Tftv
ftT TTTT fvcr ft I fTTft TIT Tt TI9TTTTV ^ f s T i f TTTt | I ft TtT
VI ^ô srT% TTTVT TlftTfT TtT TITTt^T T^T VT fTTtlU f v ^ ft I fîgft
Ifftft m TTJT TITt TtT T f t % fTTTITf TtT VfffTTt VT ftT TTTT fVTT I
fTSITt VI T l f T I f v vtHTITT VI fT3I?T ftitTtfTTTt % gITI Tfft^
ft TifTGfT TI I ffTIVT ft ^.o TITt vt ftT% v t ^Tt TTT| I 5 T TTt
vt fTTfTTt vt STTTt ft TTft ft'^pTTH TITV T^T ft ^qt VT fTt f T T
fTTT I ITT ^Vo griTt % TlTTT TtT TT v t îf^TTT % fTTTTT
T| Tft t I I T TVTT Y a ? TITt % fTTITVt vt ^Tf^TT TITT TTI | , fTTVt
l^TTI TIT Tt TfCTfeTT | I ffTIVT ft f t TTft ft ^TTtll ftit ft TTT5T
TTTt % T t r i T t ft T f fTTtfTTfVTI f v 5TVT TTTf'TV TTTIT (TTft îf^TfT'
TTTTT) fTf| T T Tfi I I TTtfV TITtT ftrt ft TIH TRt % TT Tt ffTTVT
% TTt ft sriH TTt % 5?T f t ft fv?5 TtTIT,. g;TTtTt5lt ft TfTV ft I fVT:
I T TfSTI STTTF TTTRTf fvaV Vt i t Tf5%fS 1 % TSqif irfcT ft ^"tcl
f t i t I I 5 1 % ^ TTVr TfTV^r TTT TTIT T f r ft ^]Z\ ftTI I I 1)TT:
TT% fTTTtrt sftT SJlffTat ft i t 3r?TT fTT I l i f t fT^9=T^=r |3ir ft;

TT^T TfTIT Tf5TJT Vt sfiT T? TfT | I 5 9 SIVK TTT TfT % TlFT^vrf %
SJI ft f f TIVT vt 5T5I TIH I I
ffTIVT V> f t Tirar 3TtfTT % fTIT ^cfiftTft fTTT TTI TIST TtTt
T^Tt ft TlfsiTt % TTTTIT"* VI srifTSVgf vf5TT fVTT TtTI | I 5Tft T f
fTS f>TI I f v Tt TttTTt % i5?T ft TfTT Tt^ftT fTTtTVt % TIT % fTq
ffTfVa % Tie stftf?3T TtTtT flvt^TtfrtfT VT TIT TI T f STT TIT TiT-
V t ^ TtTtT fT^Tt TV f t i t f T T TfT I HTTTt ft Tt ffTIVT VT f t TfVTÎ
VT %TT TtTtT TTVtqj fT^Tt % TTVTClt VT TTTtT fVTI | I
v t fT^TI TTt KRo sq-tg ft fgf^rr ^tqttT ^TITt v t TITInt ^fff
vt TTtt I fTft SITTt ft f ^ T;TK VT ft fTTT | I fv^f STtT ftTI | f v
TtTITt VT TIT ffTIVT ft Tfft VI | I TTtfv 5T% fTTT TTtTtfTTT T f t
% T5P TtT TIT TfTTt'% %f3fTt VI fTTfTJH T VT Tift ftft I
T^^lf^T'ET S r ^ l f t S I T T t TITTT ft f T ^ % TTT .> o TTI TV TfT-

-TcT TTlfTT fVTI TI I TTt T T % fTT v t TIÎTITt fT^^Tf^TI V TIT
TTlf^TT SITTt ( ?oo-^^^q f o ) ^qtfTT TTT V fTir SfcT'T
TfcTTITt I 1 l^ftft ft |o TV Tft VI ^T fVTI I ffTTVT V
TITTttlT SltT TTft T'Tt V TfTfTTi l^ftft TtSTtTt TITI Q[V TTtTTtTT'T
tT?5tTtT' VI fTTt^T fvTI I fsiTV T T ^ T ft STtflitT f T i f f V TtTT5lt
SttT TTt VI TTfT TIT ^TTTI ft f t TITI VTTI TT I STTTt TtTtT fTVt?rr-
fTfT VI ^TI fTVIT Tff VT Tift ft fTTft f v TTft TtT TTTTtTT T?if ft
TIVITtT fTO^t V fTTTtTt SltT gJiPTTt VI TTT VT TTft TtTtTt T t t TTt
VT TfT VT T V I TTTTtTt ft Tt VTTIVT T J ft Tfft f v i t ft %E T f t ^ f T V
TtTtT fTvtcrfTfT VI stlfT^VIT Tff fVTI Tf I SfTTt T fTV^TfTTI ft U
T t T ^T %TtTT T T t ft TTTt STIf ^ =Tt5rtT TT ^qtfTT TI5T v t ftTI ft
fTTITI I 5Hft Tf^T^TtfTT VI TfIT T'T fTTI fTTVI fTTTt TIT
?~TTIf fTfft % fTTTITT: fTJ^Jf TIT TTtT T T^' 5T

T?Tft T r l t t TT^T % TifTTt % 3TTTfT ffTIVT % f t | I
ITVr TT^T T f t I Tt TIT TftJT ^TtfTT V T 5 f T w i f vt TTITI
3vt TEirir JTfi ft Tsrft i t i V TTjifT TTRirv f t f t i t i iHvt Tf?
^TÊ T%T)T % aVT^TT ft TTS fVTT TT fVT | I ftrf TTTfTff Vt fSTtT
T"3^FTTT ( Syntaxis ) sftt TTVT SSlfj STTTF? TTfTTTTcft | I Sft'T

TfTT ft Tf TcT 3rf?ffr%55 ( Almagest ) ft TTT | I siTTt VT ^jftiTT
ft fT5TT TfTfTTT TfSTI Vt Ti% ft fgitT fTTTTT ( E v a c t i o n ) | I
( fffit ft i f t T ' 3 fT^T 5ffT T?VTt TTT TTTT ft f?TTTTT fTTT TTT |)
1?|t% TfT TItTTft % TfTt^Tt TTT T f T T T?TVTt sftt 5(tTVTt %
TfftT^TT % ffttT ^ c f T % T t T 3TTi%Tf T^fT vt | I vtTfTVT %
srf^rrt TfT>5Tt vr TfftTÎT STTit VT STTTT TJTTTT I I TfTVT TTft %
fTtr JTTTt SrtT TfTJ feTJôJ T5|T: TTvt V^TTTTFT^ VT TftTTTV
I I TtfT %TTt % Tft % TtT TTtT ^TTT TIT Vt TtTTT VT T t V ^tT Tt
eiTTt VT Tft fsv'toE I I l%ff5V T f T5TT vt Tft^?TTT ft Tft % TT5T-
ftv TfTVTt srtt TtTTiTt ( E q u t i o n of, center a n d P a r a l o x ) ft
TTTf^ T?5T: ftTV vt Tf^TT Tf^T TfT^TT vr i t T V j I STTTt ft ffTTVT
TTT 5TT % TfftTTft STtT ^ o ^ ' TTtt % TTT T t TTTT sPfffT Ttt fTTTtT
fTTT I I SrTTt v r fto^fTTT U TTt TV 3ifli%T 3TTT ft ^V TTT
TfTS5r?TT tfT I I qv VfTT ^qtfTT VT ^^rfTTTT TTTV Tt TT STTTT ft
fTTr TT i t Tff FTT vt TffT TTTT ft g;5T tff I
SrTTt vr To'^fTTT Tr?TT ft STTft ST VT 3TVTT TTST T^T | I fTTft
îTtlf T i t ftTvt % TfTt v t 3 i t TVTt TSTTf TT TTT fTTT _^fTT TVK
TTtT ft fsTtT TTtVtrTri vt fH;g'r'TfTtlTf?ir % TTT ^TTtll ft^Vt %
TTt TfqTT TTr fT^JfT ^TtfTTtT fifTTf I SflTTT fTvtTT vtTfTVT Tt ^T
v f 3V Tf TTTT V?TTr % TfTftTJ SfTTt Ttt TTtitfTTT Vt TTTfsTTt
ft TfTV Vtf Tf Ttg Tft I TV 1 fVff STTTt vt TTTfoTTt vt ft ^T
vff^V i^TT ft TTTftl T5|T V t T V I g i v f J ft Tft vt |ftTt Vf Tt
ÎPTfT VtTfrVTft fTITTTT | , Tf CTTTt V TffTT itSTT^T^Trif ft fT^TT
ft TTT T t 3TT5T ft Tfft | ! i f t I T TfT ft ^V TffTVT ft fTTTTTT
^ t TTT I I HTTTt ft STTft oj^TTf Tftv ^TV^ttTt V TTt VT TTTtT
STTTt f % ft fVTT I I TTft fTVfTftTf fTTTTt fTTt VT ITT fTtfT T T T -
TtT I I fTTt eCTTt V TTTITfTV ftTVT? | I f T Sltt V Tfit^Tt,
TfTVTt Ttt itSTVit V TlftTJTT ft SITTt ft f T V ftit ft TflTTI Tt | I
( ? ) i^Tt vt ftTtTI TTI IvffJV T f T5TI VT fTÎ'T I

( ? ) 2CTt V TTIT ft Tf fTlit Vt i t TtT TtfTV fT"^ TITTT I
TRI fTTTTT ( TtST TfcTVT ) ft TTT Tflf | \ TTTTT Tq^TtfTTTI
% TfTêTTIfaiT T f vr TI^TfTV fTTT q v ^ft T f f T v t TftfT ft
( ? ) sPlf'TTT 8T\T TTtTfT fTTTTT vT f t T f l VT fTTk^TI

( v ) 5jftl%T ft îrrfTfT TTT fTvlqrfTf^ vr TTT^T I
("\) Tt5fVT f T v W T f T v r TtfTEVrt TTT TtTtT fTTTTV ( TtT, TT,.
f T T T t r TTT VrffT ) Vr TTfT^VIT I
( ^ ) T f t v t V ^ 3 f f TTr TfT'^T TYT TtTTiT v t V?TTI STTT TTVt
TTVITtT fTTfT VT fTTtT^ I
WT=TIT ^ 'ST^f^s^TTTfTTT T T T T S ft TITtT T l T i r f
vt i r M R o fT^TI ft Tf3T 3TI3lt ^ T^ST VTV f^^TI VT TIT %f^TTt
^ ^ - ^ - - ^ ^ = (^^^'.\3Y) ft T5I 3ltT fSfqr 3TI V TTIT TT ST^^qi
VI 3TTtT fVTI I ^TTt TIT T f | fV TITtT TtT TfztV T f VT ^'t TTTVTT

fTTT TfTqff ft f T l " i r I T I T T ? ft 5^fTTt ft TfÎT V?T TT ft TfTTT
vt fTT T?TI vt 5^1 VTt I
( I^KRKt^R X V ^ ^ o o o o o ) ^^cr ^r^^"^ ft T f V TTTt v t ijot T^J^r
TSt I TTT TTTTT VT ^ V ^ft TTT v t Tt fTTT VT fTTT fTTft TIT: T i t
T T T T f t v t fTTfr q v TTIT TT Tt I TTVT TIT TTI v f T f T l f T I Tt^ i
TTt fTSTfTVRt ft i r t v r T f V r q j fVTI I T f f TV f v TITtTTT ^T
fe^t'T ft Tt ft f t T T j q ^jltf i t TTt I TJTT: l i f T S t T VI STlitT TT^T
f T i t TITft ft ^ T t f f T f t TTT I 5TIT TfTfT T^T^T TITJIE ^ STTTT
atlfTGVIT I TT ^ ^ f T T t VI i f t TT^S T f t VfT TI TTTT I f V ' f 3 T V I T f
^TfT n = 3, ^ 311 I W I ITft Tt ? . UlX^ TI I '
fTSIfT 3TtfTT ft TTTTtT sfvt VT TTTtT T R T ft Tft i ? r ^ ^TtfTT
I T fftsI?T snfT TTt TfTt ft TT I ftff TTT ^ i t ft ft i v T I T r i TfT^H
% Tlfr^^S fTSIfT % TJTI? % g i T T|% I 1T% Tfft TT Mi ft sitVJ^TV
sivt v t T R ^ T sngiTt T T f r r i t i T f t TV v t era i t vt TfT TfT sfî
TTTTtT VTT fTTTI ftTI Tt ft TTTTtT VT v f T ' ^ VT% fTTft i f t {X ^
+ U ' + = ' ) - ( ' ^ + r + r + 5 0) I I Tv TTT ^ i t ft fTfT
VT 3191 q V TTVT 5^-^^ TTTTt ft T^JTI VTft v t SqitTt STfTT Tt I
f T i t TTTST TtTTTTIT Tt ititfTTTt % SRI v t T f ftTT^ ^TtfTT v t
TITtTTT ft TTlfTT ftVT f t fTTT | fv ftTHf ^qtfTT ft ^ q i t ^ T I T V t
vt T5TT fTfTt % i t f f t TSrft Vt T^TT Vt vfST TITVT f t fVTT TTT | l
frar I fsrevT %fs f i i r %?s % 15 ft ITBTITJ^ fi^qr % T y % i q
f^vt iftftrft f u r l i fti 9rffaJf I f f s r c i f i i r l T f t t f f l s T i t -
i t ' i f ar IT 9ftsTrfif 1 v ^ t sftt fsra f?r vt iPcf^ ft ^ftsrititî ^
VT %?S f ITT I 3ft V5JTlrT V ^ | I^flf i t f TTI ft I f ifft fft Tivt
IT^lflV BTTVTitl ftlfl S?f9T3r v t i t | I qftvÎTT ft i f l V T ' W f i q
I f I FV TTTHTf i t t l i 51ft Fsrivt 1% l i t | 3ft itsfiâr TIT i;it
vt I f Vfft 1 1 | i srtt ^sp v t i f T g i vt IFT ft 1 f t f t i t I 5Fwq
f l , i s p v t sriTt ifir itsit'BT IFT i t t f i v t 1F1 3 i v t l e n i f i
f t i t 11 attt i i 5 T , ?f 5IFT, 9TFI *t i f i l i vt i f i ft ^ t i t ^ t |,
5if5Tq ^ i vt 1F1 ft i i v t it5T>iiF?r f t i t | sffr s r i i t i f i I B H
ifir I srr: ITVT ariiT F u r J i t s r > i iftr ft ^ftsTititBifrJ ft f i r r ITIT
TITT I I I T I f t i t E T i t i t 1 f ^ % %f5 v t I f i VTft 11% VWfrT ft
I f % it5TTtl>31 f?I vr %f3 I f vt 1S11 1% ft 3 i t f l l T f t lfl9ft5T
flTT I Fsra F11T ft i t s T t ^ , 5rft5iTFif^ vt IFTFI ft 1 v i i : i j ^ s ft FTIT
s?T v t I f VT FaiTT 9ft5fTtitî ItT v t IFTFI ft ( i t 5 I > 5 1 l f i i f i f i )
ariiT 9it5r%fs iFi ft arrft i i i i s F f i t i r ^TT | TIT v?STTitTft i f
aiTIVI i t i I f ITlft I fv i m ft i^lTsft VT T1T11T1 H T VT

3 q i t i i t i T T T t i i v iTFTTt iniriT I, f ^ i t i T % m iirsTt ft.ft
s r f t i c i ft TTf Fv^g iTitFiiTt/% T I S K ^ ? it. i t . ft T F H f i i w gi
ft 5];fJT VT i s i T % ^ q ft T i i t i , T T ^ 51 TIPTTT v t FT^TTT Fg^
VT %TT I I ( ^frft IT. f l T I ^ T % STTT T^FTT FfffjiTTTFsV ft.
^r. A N. f^ff V. B.TtT)
(\) I f qfriiT VT ^ m r F5iTii%f5TFiiiFiv | i%-'SiFi5rTFivift 1

"TT ? s i t l i t I f f % I T I f t 11* % ITTt i t T IFTÎT VTTt | I
{R) srrftV I f 1 1 V TTTt i t T U T I vt^jftl i F l ft W1W VTIT | " i
Fv^g T i v t firvTT vsrr vr v ^ i i * v^s ft Fi?i ftir 11 f r i f t i??
VT TclfT ^ t I
(^) g i vFfsv v T ft ^ T ft T f t vt ^^FTTI VT IT?TFTV TTVTT fTift
- ^c^TT $ 5 i t T FTTT vt FHF?: |f 1
( Y ) ZTTTt ^ 3fT5 ft TfT ft 1 f t Vt ftirtlfît' IT ft i t ^ V ' S
11^5 ?f%VTT TTT T 1 1 % VT lOTTTVTÎ If i f i = TliTfl+.Tt?T
V^S i f i I
{X) 1ft ^ T5P, TTT Tfrit VT ^ T STTT TTTTITV T i l l I
{%) ft i t i TfTTt VT TTlfTTT I
To
( 5pfEfiiTlT5ftEi%f3ir% ) 3rR7 TsqTT i f f t ft m r 11 *nroftT
srnmff ft 'TtETtsîfft9ft5i%fsnfe' ?^ft '#5itTTfft-w??ftsj%?5nfe'-
v> fV I f v t TTgnfft % ^ 7 ft ftjs fvTT I crrr fTjsrtsr^fSn^ vt
9rt5mfftV5f i m feir 1 1 itEwfftvi Ttitî ifr % ftii
it I f v t Tfir ^fJT ftit, s r i t ^ T f ?TfTw ^ ft s F s i t r t f t T i i q i T T
T t r n l l V T 5lt5Tt=5TnTlft ft TTT ftTT TT T f 1?t T f r TJi5 TTTT fTTtT
f l i t I 5ft fft^TTfeW % TTgtVT^ ft TI?VTTTTT ft TTTTfiv fftftTT
FVTT I I 5TVT T^JT TTft fiPTT TTTTT I T ^ f T 5TfTT VTT VT TtST
%3tfr TTT Vtft % FTT? TTTTT TTtTtfTTT v t f i f T Vt TT^T Vtft t I
? f t 5 T i t T f B ^ ^ %fj i k I T TT q v tTT ft f l f t ' t TT TTT t f i
TfTfTt V t ^ TT Tt5l%fS TfT ^ ^ I TT TTT T f Tfe i t s f t ^ fT?f
T t ^ i t TTft TTft ?tt?T i t ^ t ^ T T VT %?2 "VSTTTT ft ^ v t i t t T f
v t T W T TFT ft T|TT i t TfFTTT ^ f t E T ^ f s T TT v t ' TFTFT ft i t ^ f t f S
3j
FTT
T f i ft TTft feiftr FTTT J T ft <TF?TT v t srtt T f TT f r r t ^ r r , Tf
qFtV^TTT % T J T R F T S I I T T V?7TT V t Fv I T T (^<) ft-T%f5 ft T^ T ,
'T, I 3 1 ? ^ ^'^^^^ sirars ft V83T11 t V i t i i t | i ftaft I0
^t5fi=5i IT 1 1 1 i n I0 ^ ^Î'f? 11 I0 11 9ft?n"ciT>i34i 11
ftift I0 sRt %f5 i T i v t 9 f V ^ i H > s T i i n r 11 5Ht srvR 1 , 1 ,
I31^ it vftET%fsifi ft ift 11 % ? n i t i k 51 f i ' | i ! v>
1 , 1 , 3TTf? it5TT5?1'T)5r31T ft ift i t ^ T i l i l ^ I t i f ft 1 , 1 , I3 1y aTTfe
T f % fiTi I l i f t 1 , 1 , 1 3 l y 3TiF? i?ftv ilsnîvTssn T , 1 , l i t
T I3 3TTf? i f i t ^ ^ % H T I T f l t I I 3T1 i f i % f i f f 1 , 1 , T, I3 it^T
5J%1tl VT %fS ft i t 1% T!ftsrr?c1V133TT V pJT ftIT I 11 tTT1%1
ft Z i % 1, = Z . 1 . 1 1 , - Z i , 1 , T , ftiT I l l f i q ^ Z i , 1 , T, Tf
1 , I f VT it5T f a n i t T , 3 ^ fef? ft 1 , I f % I0 1- IT To 1 ,
vf f i l i t i F?iT ft i f i % vrcir s f s i t i t ftiT 11 ^ft ff Tt?T i ^ ^ g ft
I f vf i f r ft i i i ?ftsr %f5 t i ^ t t u f f q i q-f i f vârii ft f t i i t s t t
Tf5l%fS5T To I f ft 9ft5rTf?11)T5ilT sqTTT^ ft i q T ^ Tft TfST
S%T^ % i t i ft ftTT I I H T V I T I f , Tf ST l l T l t r T f i f | ft i f f l f f
TV ?ftsftf3lfft ft fTlft H I ft t^ô" T i l 1 % I3 TTTT | Tift
^ VTTIfTtTT ft 1 I f i t i t ^ l V f S i f r % V51 TT ft TTT 1^ T I3,
lô' ^ p i r T^TTT I t 1 , vf f f l f l ft I f , Isq-T it^tV^S Z i , , IT,
ft Z i , 'J^T, 5?T i t ^ t f STTTT I \ T f t Z i , 1^1, Vf T t ^ V T VfT
TTIT I iVt Z i o 1 1 , vf t l ? i t e r v^s ttt j ^ i , vt itsr v ^ vfr
TUT I I ^ft^'BT fm IfST TTT I T ftiT | T I TfSTVli TtSTlf-
i t T Tft 5^ 519f ^ ftTT I I ît ftrll T T , 1 1 : ^ ^ fTTTTTf T i f
I I l i f t 1 1 , tST 1 To t i T It T^ I ik Tf^rsrflTtT ft T , f i f g
It friiV I I H f i ' l vt VTT TKTTfcTTiTTSrfTTTHIITfTff V ^
t I T|f Tt I f Tft ?15lfT T S T H f l V 5?T f t l f t i k Tift^T 1 f 1
ftir t I T T T V t n T i ft TtTTBITT ft ift ?qB fVTT | I l i t f v 11 TTTIT
frrg ft V feff (?ftsTafT ^fppvs) TV t ^ fftmr i t A v i i , Tf ttvIû
f l ^ T ftTT, fTTft V 1 , T f fTSfTT f?T Vqf 1TT.V Tf^TVT^TT g?T
Vtfs ^ i t I V H : f l ' ' i . T J STT'' ) V ^^T 1 1 i t S T V l i ftTT I f l T
ft 1 fl?^ ft V 1 , V ITTTTfTt 1 " 1 , # T T i t V5ITTT ft T , ft?|
T t fTTTf I I T , T , v f fTTTTT I T f t 1 1 , = ft^TT I l l f i q V 1 , i k
1 1 , I T i t ITTTTfcft 3ftt3?T ^ r s r f v t flTTft TTTt V 1 i t t T , T ,
i t l T T I T f l t T k 551 |f I TT-.ZV 1 1 , = Z 1 1 , 1 , = "ô" I TT T ,
fTf| vf VfS TTTVt T , 1 , STTTlg ft ^ % ift f ^ Vt ?Tii ^TT 1 1 , f t i t I
too
Z. % 1 , W= ^ T? = WtSTOT I % T , jfefg ft aV IF
amrr^' ft ^^t wTf^vr ^ i f i i f c r vt gffi; ft FTO ftir TF 'gvr | fv 9ft5T-
xrfiTfT^T T f f w ^ ft, V sftT 1 fT?|3ft ft ft^rrit ftit trraff ft 3?<T?r v t i t
ft Z v T , ' ! ^ T T f t i ? r f > m jrîft s r k v t i f i v i ft ift^TurfttjcT
v t 5tTTt srfVTT ft f l S fVTT 1 1
TTfVTRPf ft l i t I f vt TTgT^ T m i f i ît |, 11%
r^q 5ftsT irfftVT vt TTcvrfTV i f i ( d . c . ) ft sifTtii i t ^ i vt | ;
T i v f f 1 srrft n r f t i i fv^g i f f 3 i v t sqîr vt t T F r f ^ i vt fftu ft
f v i T TIcTT I I f i i 0 i ITI fTIT IV fv?ft H T ^ftSTSfftfTl ft
I f 1 fl?| IT t > 1 T sftT % 1 ^TTTt vt fTTTTT I Hft % 1 ifTfTT Vt
fr^TT T T T - 1 1 i t s r v c f 1 1 i frff ft%iqTiT T T sftT^ T T T
1 sr T * 1 i t l T I T T ifTfTT % T T l f t Tt5T%*STfT 551 1 1 TIT VR:
fTTT I TTT TcTfT #eT ftft % ViT^T T f T %TT TT ft f l l T I fVT T fTff
ft TtST V l i TT TTTTTT T T TT T T TTT 'itTT I T T A TT Sf ft
Z T T T - Z % T 1 ftTT I T T : Z T I T îtSTVT 55T gTr I
Z 1 T T = e.o I ( i r f r q z i T sr T f sot^TvT vt vtfs % 551
fTT I A 1 T T ft Z T ST T = 5.0" an? vt^TfTTi ft
' 1 TX5TT Z T T sr i t % T X ?ftVT VtSTT
^ 3T ^ ' ~
3TiT Z i sr 1 fl
T f f 1 1 T f Vt^ 8T 1 1 vt WT3TT 'PT ft fes |3rT | I fv?5 TflVTr
i!! T 1 1 3r?TfT I I T T : H v t 3TI VT TIT T19f3TT TTT T H Vt
151 TITft ft vt^ T f r j i t T srnrffi T f t 1 srr: J-f-^^vrrevTiTTTv^

11
i t f T T f l V T H T f i t flTTlf^T ^T, TTTT |3IT I
. T T t g i t ? T V T v t Vtf53TT ft i t s i % f 5 TffT Vt fîJtVT T i f t S!lt5IV?!f

VT TIT i , V T V> T t 5 l t ^ T f i ft TSlft TT TTf 1fT% ftit | I Tfi
5t1VT f l T ^ T ( ^ U ) f t Tt T s P l f l f l i t I
A TT^ 1 % = itsft^T I f i ^ ^ L ^ ^ , ^ ^ - ^ ! ^ ^
9ftTVir
-= i t T T - TT^S i t % T
STT i t e r VTjf SltT V 1 f T % i t i fTf| 1 ft T T % IITITfTT T T
T t l T I TT 1 1 T SltT 1 1 T f T ^ t % TTTTcT ftft ft, TfTTT ft
T = 1 ^ _ l y x fir
l i f t 1 sr % ITT ^ wirrft %
a ^ % 1X 'iftV'W X fl _ % 1 X vfV. T). vtgJTT

?fmii!f x f r " 5fV. V,
== i f E T i f f t v i 3rnr fTg^fVsi^fff i f i
^ 5 S51 Utnrff 51 51^5 IF1 I T I f l f TIES it5T%f5r^'% T11
ft 5ft5Tvivff23q7, vrfsTvif % 551 f t TTI i t Ti^ i t ^ f s i f i isin
lit^r 1% % 151 f t T T l i t 1 H I f v t TTE^lfl I f vt I s z T H f i %
551 f t i t I ^ i t f ? i i i vn%f5 ft itsftî^TT IT TTT^Tr i t T itsr
i f l f t l % ITcnr ft f t ftlT I, TIT fv f H o) ft % 1 1 , TTVt?!T f l ^ T
ft fiTTTTI TTT I I l i f t
1 1 % = % 1% - % 1 * = f l ' * - i t T.V.STT^
Avt^TT'' Z. % 1 , 1 f l ' ' - i t . T . v . ^ a r r ' = T f T T i t . v T vtîrr'
fv'T l - T , - itSTV^S I T i : Tft itSTVT VtTT = TtSTVî \ T i :
Hft n.VT - i t . % T I TT: ^ i f fcS ft T f t TT^STfr, TszTTTfr % T5T
f f I TTtfV
i t . T . T. - i t . %. T. = i t . T. T . - ( i t . T. T. - TfTÎTTfT)
= T f TSTTTfl I
l i t f l f t TTTVTTTli ft VfT | ft:
WfT?Tn^rT<.Ti-5r^[tTT^*7r^ T
IT1T ^TST I T rr5r#?'ET II
T l t g VSSTIfT % %fsr ft itit=5T ^TT TT T^T '^T i t T i f l f T % TfTTT
ft T f v t T ^ I T T i i f t TTseifr f t i t | TtT T f f T f VT V T I f T I ftTT ^ I
TTTTflVTT I f I ft f i r (^ o) ft srsfÎT T f f T f v t it5T%f3 T f iftT T T

^fivrr ft T?FIT vt T f i f sift Tfr 51TT: vT5TfTv 11 51ft T f T f i vr
TT^lflV TTTT i t f t TTTT | f V T ?ft5T%fS TmtT-^f^VTT ft I f TTit
VJfllT ft TTTT i t VtiT TTTT | fTTTT TTTt T^TT ifft ft TTTT I TTI #
ft f r r f t 1 I f TtSI%f3 TTT VTT ft l " ft T , TV TTT % l i t TTf^ ft"1f
VI 9ft5I>3^ Wo" + 1, TIT 55T T%TT l i t 9ft5ft=5T i t T T f % H I
TtT ft f g i t i i t T TTsrft ftiT 1 i r f r q if ( i t T . 1 - i t % 1 ) IT
^ T T | T T ( ^'Ô" T O - ^ ^ O ' =1O 1^3^^ ' i t VCTfl
ft Z T O % ItTr < f v ' 5 I f ( 5ft T T - T O i t % T ) % ^
1% ft I T vrrrfTtTT ft T f i t T , fTTtTTfeif vt i t r r vt i t I R TIT V T
f ^ r r I VTT: itsritrJ^Tfti arîtTTfT artr f r i t T T ^ TTi?it i t TPff ft
fTTTv ft TITT I I TTTTT TititfTTT ft ^ft^TTtit'ST ft ^ Tt^T %?5 TfT
ft I f vt TlfTT V t ^ it TITt VT T T ^ f T ? T VTTTTT | 1
V5TTT Vtfirq ftftT( ^? ) f t % % f S - f t % T BiTTTTS ft T T T T T

V it >T V ita-TtirsT f T ^tTI TTT | I T f T ' l JPsai VT TTTT I I T fTf| ft
fTT
^ V T T f V fTfg TT ftft |q T fefI TT TfTTT | Tt, fT'gTT J^Zf fl

"ST ^ T f i TTfiTT i t r T?Tt | I TTT TTVt TfT fTTtT ftit | T t t
ftr fsRTft m ft If V ftff TfTTT I TT TV TTvV TfT f r r f r f f
SffeSTTTT ^Tf I I T T f q V fT5| fsSffT T% 5TTTT VT fe'l | I I T TVIT
Tf?TTfTf=3a f T ft V fr?g ft T fT?| TV vf T f Tf% T J T f T TTT T f T f f ft
; V f r f f TV f\ T f r f r r f T f t r f i TT: TtsTTfTt^Tfr T f r t T sftT frrlT
TfT V %rit ?f T i r f ft flTT) ff TTTI | I 1 fTf| ft TTftT Vf 1 T 5T5f
^TT Tf% TTI V T Vt fTTT T 1
sra TfT
1 % Tf 5T%faTlT
TtgrifgTTiT 3TI ^ T f TTSim Tfgr
fT^TI T'BTTfr-T TTTfT
TT TfT vft fTTTTV ^TI ^ V T ft Tt ^ Tf^ ft fT5 | fv
Tt 31 3TT 2 V T
ftTT I
fl 1 ^
^ V T T f T fTf I TT g-T ftTf I ITFTIT îg gTTfT VT TIT ^T
ft gft 31 5Tr- T V ftTT I sftT tmj TfqtT ft ^ T ' - T V X T T
IT
atg f T m I f v T Tfr iV fTf|3rf % T T V f f TT
111 T f TBTTTfft ,
^ 3TTfT-TfTTTTfe
Tf? T f T T T T% = T, T ^ f T = T , V T = itSTVSf 51 Tf
3 V T T
T T-T
5rXT
VT = -
T-T
f V f f ^TITftflT ft
( VT + T ) T = 1.VX1T
^ TXT
+ T 5T = 1 V X I T ^ = 1 T'
T - T
^^H'^ = 1 %^ - |J T * = f T ' - 3 f ^
T ^T-Tjj^^^
T-T T- T
T+T
awt 1 % V ftâr i i r % , % a r k ^ V ft efti s p r i TRT f t I f I
m: TTT ffPFtrsT f r f r %
"Pt^TT Z v ^ % v - ' ' ^ ^ ^ 4 ^ Z J 1 1 ' '
fT*+3T*-T*
= Vftaf '^'^ * TTTTIlft ft
(fT'-iM"(T-iT)
^WZ>i%V
= ( f l ' 4 - T ' ) ( T ^ T ) ~ ( f T - ' - T ' ' ) (3

^ f T X 3 f ( T + T)
^fr'^T af'T
" fT. sr. (T ' T )
Tft T f % T ^ TTTTT VTT ft Ttsi %fS v t Vtfc^TT | I TTTVTTTTT
vt TfagfTTT % VTT VT Tt Tft ^rtsft'S ftTI | 1 fTTtT TfT ftft ft
Tfft TfTTKETIT ^ " T % 55T ftrt I 1 WTVTTTTT % TfTTC
c , 5ft5rVT vt^TT X TtsI^fS TfT

TT5TtT = T'STTRT- ;
TtST V?!I
A TTJ T% " o Tt
irfr = ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ TtgT%?gTfT
5ft. V ,
fTT ft ffTT TtfTCr fv TtT f l ? ! Tt ft TtV TIT ^ ^ fTt TT Tf vt
TTJTfT ^ ftTt I I TT
Z T % Tt = <ô - Z T % V = - 5itsi%f5
Z % I V = Ta>TTTVl^f?TV 5ltSIVT
1% = f^ftSTT I % V = 5ft5IIf?TVT5JTr I 1 V = 5lt5rvijf I % fT?f ft

% 1 VT 5rTT JStTI I TT
^ 1 V T = 5ftsrVTVtfff I Z % V T = 5ft5r%f3 Vtfff I TT % V T

TTVt^ f T f T ft VtTtTfTIT ft
^ % V X 5q-rZ% V T 3T. V . 5TI X 5Tt. %. V>TT

* T^ p =
fT fr
V T _%T;X3TTZV%T at. 3TT X 5ft. % . ^
fT fr
* r ^ f t Pr s f T ^ \9it.
I
m ^ fir^T i v ? ft
; ^ . ft ( ft-i T^TTXtfft v > T r )

ft
5ft> V
BTsr ^ ? p i T f w f t v 1 % Htvt^Jr ft TinTTqiti ft -
g( (ft'^ - afv^qT gft% qft^TT) TV % 1
arr OTvt^ ft^ssr 1 V 1 FT

1 ^ ' = ^ T* + 1 1 ^ - 9ft v " ^
A 5ft V " = I ft - i^T'' Tf% VtSTT 4^ X 5ft % 3m
ft' +-3f ^ T ' - sfsTT. 5ft%Vt3Tr ITVt TiTTTTfft ft

' ; j 5 ^ f i f (ft'* - arqjgTT x 5ft% vt?in ) X5ft% i
ft' ^ gfsq-r' - R sfsJJT X 5ft% fm{
i?rft 3=3^Tfft = 3 1 5ft% T = 3 - T I 3f311 = 3f I irnft i t t i T i
irftv I
5ft.%.vt.it-i'î;^^'^, - ( V )
ar. ( 3 + 1 )
l i f t ^ ^ ^ 1 9IT??fV VT ft^Ttftl 11 ftS f IT I
ftsJTTfft: TIT ismgftiTisit
5ftST>T^ft>5ft[rrftSffTV1T1 l i : I
^ iti5iit: iTV5rniviT f i m :
5rtsit3i!5fTiTi!|fiigiTif3i u
grsiTI 1 j^t ITIT ftll^llffllT: I
TliTTTft I f T T T^: 5ftEftfsRT1T: TfST: tl
3rif?{ ftsiT % 1 1 ft i s n i l l ft VT 5ft3Tffii5r3iT % i i ft
5ft5T"t'51 i f i ft 5ITT VT i t i t f d T I V i l % i t i ft 5ft5Ttf?1V11T ft H I
? fet THft siit5fl=5T i R r ark i ? T f i % itT ft TIT ^ v c TPST % TIT
ft ^0 gftf ^ft Tt TSPK^T ft T f iter %?5hJI ftft f I
sriTFT aritrtftTT ft TJBITWT fr?! ft ^ ark TSTI^ wit tTjTft
TT aftt flgXSr f t i t I I 1T% fTq tTTT%T TfT ft TTf^fT ffTT
ITTITt I 1T% fTq ft qv ^tit i t srftfTVT TT^. V ^ f I
srftfTviftit ft^T ft qv fsr ftT i t i t ^TiTt ft Tft ^ it f f ^

ft ft STT TTTT ^ TfT TO? VIS ftft Tt TTT ^ T Ttt ttT ^
i t ftwfft ftrt I Tf feitT ^ T TTfTvtlJ itt TTTgTTCfT splJift ft
ft^rft ft Tit f l i t a r m
TTT^T TTTtgT Tt=fTJt^J
f f ^ T - TTT^T ^ fgitT^TTTfT Vl^T ^
TTT ^ T - V TTT 'gT T^^T VHir
f <, 50 - (sTo 50 + ^) > fgcrtT 5 T TT5T Vt^ '
T^fTff^^Tft ft TTT 5 T 55T ^TT VRVt IT ftsrft ipt ftST
ftr ( )
Vtft I V5TTT V t ft T V T ft^T ftVT > (arvafttTT) i t i t ft^
V S - a r V V T B T , T V - V T ^ T T I T T V t ftTTT I 31T % TTITt^Tt
V TT ^ I i t T T % T I TIT ft T ft^g Tt ftTrft t I ar T II
V T TtT I it
ZarvT^ZvarTl Ttt T ^ = ^ T = 3rTl arfTSfft arv
S T m ^ ft V T V f a TtT, ar S( Tf ftS ftTI TI TVTT | FT
<3
T 1 Z 3T V T
^ ar V 7 ft, TFT V 7>55fr V T f t ^T ar T i v f t
TPT "T V Z ^TTT T
A fcr T ^ ar V T > faffar ar v T
f a T T ar T V < f i f 3 r ar T 5
f l l T ar T g fgr T"? ar T v
V ftlT ar V T ^ f 1 TOT ST V T
^ ftT^gr ar T 1 Z T sr y
fiTT a r v T ^ Ziarv
f ft^T ar q- g _ ^ q T arrin: x gf _ q T
^ fTTT ar q V ~ 3 q v Trirc x # ~ q v
*qv ZT3TV
ftff tTnr%T (sr ^,) ft
15 = ark Z i 3T q - Zar T V air

qv T 1
Z"T 3T V = Zar V T
**T T Zar V n
, ar V ^3T V % qt^T vtit
v i - a r v 3 r n % IT^T vl'ir
^ft vtsoff VT TTifsr f m 11 i i f r q ^ f 5 ^T ft ft s m i^r
ft arftv TTT Tfiff vtft qt
ar V ar . ^
V T - l a r v + T)'^
a r r i T fT5 srftfTVT VT TqiTT T f % iTTTTVTT Vt ff? ^TT % 1>TT
srk T t T ) ^ f vt qftfr ft 9ft?T%f5 Tfr 55T Trq ftvt T ^ srnt vt ark
TfTfT VT TTfT Ttt <ftl5 Vt aftt 1tSn?T TTfTT ftTT TTTI | I TTT T fv
fTT ( ^ ^^'T 15 ^ ^ ?fStTT I I TTft snft TtTt-T
ftT ft V T Tiq 5ltEftf5 Tfr 55T I I % V Ttt % T Vt ftlli I TT fr^T^
^ If T % f f T ^ T 1 T VI T13 V T > T T
.VT^ZT^T (^^^^^^ ^)
^T Z^TT '
R w n T = r * V = w y ^ ' S i f T I Z i *r r - ?fV5ip5nrfir i
fTir I f VT %i
; T? 1 _ 1^11 i f e
^1 ~ # % n
R f 11 5ft. %. 1
5fr%iT^5ft:%rn'''^^^^^^^^^?^
11
It
\ 5ft % 1
-iîmffT 5ft %.i 5rtvi 5ft %.i
9ft. % n 5ft. %. 1
5ft5rv5r 1% - ?qj%f5Tfi - i t % i
fv^g IT i t % 1 = it. 3 . 1
^ i t i i TT % r - 5 f t % n + 5ft % 1
9ft % T 9ft % 1
^ X 5ff 3 n > 5qj 5ft5T %fsifi
. *. 9rt 3 1 - ?q 5ft V 1 - ?qa: n f t
l i f i t T Tft qpt fqisi T f i i i T ? i v |f I V f i f | ft anft tfft I t
T f vt T f i TTRWV TTTT 5l!fT5Tt f t i t I llfstvrt f l T ft (R ?/ V fT'|
% it^ T fTff f u r ITT I Tft V T TTT 5ft5I%fSTirr55T | I ^ T
'TttTTVt flTT^ ' ^ ^ T l f i T T T ft 1 T>*5,T I TT TititfTTI %
i f t l FT
^ V ZT T 1
-^r^ 7 - ^ ^ TTTT
V T Z T ^ T
^ V ^ Z T T 1 ^ ^
TST T% JtqiT Tfr
9tt % T ^ 5ft % T
5iV 3 T Z.?T 9ftEr %*s TFT ^
ffts I ft 5ftsrift>3T f t ! ft t c r m v r f t v ftf| ft i f t ftff

TV I f vt ?qEs?ftsftfSTT%, 3=311% ft 1ft f t i t i ^ v n : i i l i f t ft
If ftiti 1% ft m r s f s s i t i t ftir i i f t in iti ftf| ft i t ^ vt sftr
i t tcTFii vrftv f i f g I V f t i t I v n : itif ^ i i ftf|it % STSTTI ft
If ftiti i f i vr ftir I
f i t ^ ^ ^ t l f ^ l i ^ ^ i f ^ ^ ^ i i T f t v t T i v t i f i v i ft 1 f t %
ia> % srfftmr ft s r q t ^ r t f i i i % ^ m vt iftrir |s % i i ft? H I T f t |
ft mxT 1ft % i t s r i t i l ^ i ^ % ft ^ i vt irivt g i %rfjv i f i 5 i r
vt V 5 i i r sr?5i vt 11 | i ^ g p % ftiT ft ir i f l i t i i s r TÎ ft % % %
i t i r f ? i t i 1ft % ftii ft 3 i v t V511T aiiiT ft^fi i f ? i T ^ i t 11 f r
f l 1ft 3ivt VT i ? 9 f i i n v^ g i %^sv I f i t i T firt TITII-
vri ft i s i t srtt i f f i f t vt i f i i t vr iTTfsr vir ftgrr | ift t^r i f i j j i
vt f f t ; ft sTTfi vtiJ
I T 1 1 ft fti ( R O i iî %f2 ft ^ ^ , sirr^trs ft^ % ifti:

f s i t VT w w f 1 itiT 1 1 T I I srtt 3 i t VT i % f i t ^ i ^ s i r i r s ft ^ i
% iFti: i f f i f VT iftsBW fcT #1T 11T | I I f vt i i t ft ifi %
ftiT fft TrriiT f t i r fv sît, ^ f f i f sftt srqit i f i i t % sr??rt ita^fs
1% ft ^ , 3 ^ , it i?t ft f l tft I ftift 1 , If a r i i t vsar ft ftit ftvt
^ vt i f i i t T I T tfr 11 iriti vîirfirt if, 1 1 iir i f 11 fsrivt
io ? i T i ft i t s T V ' S i f t f 1ft gtT I T TT tfr I r v t i f i v i i t g i %ff5v var
ft l i t sivft vt i f i Vt titvit v^ 11 i ftf^ ft i<, i t 13 311-
figsiTiTfî I i r i o 1 , I i r io 1 , 1 vsrr vt ?i9ftTTTt%i sr?
I f TIKE I fv 1 T l T T i t V T ft i t ft?! T t ftTt T i t I f vt TTtlfTV
TTVTltT ftlfl ? f 2 T t T t f t i t I ît ftlfl ft i f f i f f l T t t l gfft ft ftTT
I TTfv I f i i t ft f T V S n |tt Tt ftTT I 11% ftlttl T l S s i t 3 fk%
Tt ftit i t lift f i v e ^ft% vrt^ I f 9T f t Iff f t i t I iitifft
i t s n n t 11 i i f r t T i^rrft T I T ft i f i , 3 i , TTT i f t i t 3 i f t ft m^
vt?ir Z'j, 10 ^ , Ptir 'siTcrT |TT ^ f ^ t i t ftir i Ttt T , i t i , TTT
Tt i ^ i t vt TOIJTcIV i l l I f vt TTTeiv T% ft T f l V f t i t dt I f 2it
% vf ark TITT i\T l l n r l vt ? i t si?t TfT vt 5ftElt'3=T T f i
afk T f Tfr vt 'itSlfsTTlTT7K5T'tET%f5T%' % ft i t ^ TTITI TT
\
fTTR?
IVT I I arr: T , Tt !(T, TIT 55T S^Tt v f TITftZ T , T T , TEI TTtT
f t n I T f f r ^ T fTVTF f v T ^ T , TTIT % TTft % TTT T f TfT
ft Tt Z ^ , T T , T f TTT TT I BIT Tf ^ , TTT TfTfT ft TTTT f t Vtlff
TS TTT fTTft Tf aiTTf VOT ft aiTTf T^TT TRT ft TTTI ft TTT fTTTT
STf T k T f % t^V TfT % TTT % TTT |Tt TfT T V TTTT T l f f q TT I
vtifTviftTt i f T T ft T f f i f Tft 3Tj5ft?i 3ttt f r i t i nPcT v t
T f t fTTfft f 1 f v t nft T f H TtSTVT % Z ^ , T " % T f Vt TTRTV
T f r T f T f r ft TfTF TTT 1OTT?TV TfT ft TTTT TSTT, T f TTfTT VtTT
T f T ^ % TfT'TITTTf v t T f t TtTft % fm, "TTtfT | Tt VtTfTVT vt
%ffSV T f T?TT ft f t ^%fxfi ft f t tTBS fvTT TT TVTT TT I TT TTT
T fv ? i t TtEr%fff Tr% ft TTTt vea'T ft T f i r t T | Tt T> f f t f ? T t i t T
TITT I ^ T t f f T t TTtT TOTT ft TTTT ft ffo T f Vt Tc, Tt ^
t I f V t i T t TT T fTf| T t TTftTt Tt T f Vt f T T , ft^f T t l%T I I T
TTfT ft T f TTTt V T ft fTT T ^ ft Tft" TTT ft T^ ^ 5$T T f t v TTT
T T fVT ftTT TTT T, ft ^ , ftf| TV TTTT T t t T T ^VT ^TT I T l ^ , ftfg
% To T f Vt f T T3 ftf| Tt IftT I 1T% TTT TT S^rt 'J, fti=| ft Tt
ft'l TV T f t i t Tt T f Z i J , TO 1 vtlT 55T Ttftl Vt sftt TTT ^ f e f t T t
ftT RV
ftTT I T ^ TIT Tt ft ft'l TV ?T % Ttsr^fir Tfe % T% TTT ft ftit I

IT TVTt T , T , T3 TSfcI itSTTtft'TfSt VT Tfe?T ftTT I fTTVt T W T
ft TTTT |3TT TTTTTt T f f f j i t T t ftTT 11 T , Ttt T3 fT|3Tt T t T f v t
T T T Tfe Sf^STtTt ftit 11 fTT (RV) ft ift ? T t Ttt i t T v t TTTt
T T i t veaiiTt ft Tfe % srti TT^S f v T i i i f v i 11
TT f T VtTfTVT Vt ^T %ffSV T f T t T I % T f T T t 2 i t i t t
T f v t TTTt T T i t V^TTTt ft ^TTcTV ( itTTTcTV ) TfTTt i t t ^T
%f?sv %Tx4i ( v ^ ) % iTffT ft-if % TTTT tfTT vr vftsi %srra irficr
v ^ ' I arVt feirrft'T Fv ^x^n aw^jft srtr vfiTT i f % H T T VIT ft
H I T TtTTTcTV 1% TT?Ti%VTT ft FvTJft |T | I
V57Tr V^ ft ftT ( R v ) ft 1 îf #fs ft 1 ^, !^^ BiTRITS ft TTT f

T o T F p f V^T siTTTI^ ft w k T f v f VSTlt T f i t T i t | I Tf * TcfWTT
VTT ft V r t i ; T t l [ o ft'5 TT TTT Tf To ftf| TC T l i t TTTt V T ft
FfTT I I ?T% TTT 5 i t arft VTT ft TTTt VTT v t TTT ^TT ft
55T TTt I T i t TTT Tf TTit VOT Vt 5T5f t^T ft To T, ^cT TTft TfT I
TT ^TT TFST |TT FV Ô FT?! ft ?ro ?rf ftg FtTfr ft ITT TTT TT ^ ,
ft?! ft T , ft?| i t T i t FtTfe ft ITT TTT TTtft IT TTFT ft ^ TO SftT
T , T, ^Tnt TTTTTfTT I s t T | I FTTft ô q-o itT T , T , tTTTt ft Vt^T
Tft 3?TfT |3n I T T V O ft?| TO T , % TTTTI^TT T , T tTT TtT I T T
Z T O T T , T TO ?r, = To T , + TO 5(^0
= ^0' +j[rt5TVT- V + q;
TlTiiT V^TTTfTTT Z T O ^ ^Jo = it5T%fS T , Z ^ To To B ^ftfT

V T = V, TTT T To = itSTVti I T Vt TfTTI TtT T FTf| ft TTTT To
T TTT TtTT I TT
Z T T T ,= ZTO T O - ZTO T T - ^ O - ( 5I + V )
^^1
^TTZTô T T , 3 T I Z T , ToT
'^^T To . T, g i t v t TtTTIcTV Tft I T , T = T, Tf Vt TtT-

TTcTV TJT I
"tSTT (ô"-f qp) STT {%o''-( T; + 5r ) }
T _ 3TT(Ô+T;) ^ Vt^TTV
' * T " 3TT { \ o - (B + 5i)}"^t^rr (<f; + T )
TFT g TO = T Tf VtJt TTT 1 T^=V Sît VW 1 Tt ^ T T ftfT ft"
f T = g T Vt^TT Z T f i - T VtSTT T I
ftpf ^pJT f'TOT ft
^ 3fk T i p IT Tt TT#ir ftpf f -

^ = f i J X V f t l T Z. ^ = V VlSTT T ,
T^ = ^ ^>3TT Z ^ = ' ' 5 T vTpSHt t
T55 = ^ - ^ = T-V#JTTT' ."
. 1^ T V qft^TT T
" ~ T v>3in 9 r - v
3 ^ T X v t ^ q T V , _ T_
fcrxvMiT ( V + T )~ T
TT - VT V>JqT T = TT V>TT T - VT / . , 's
f T f T ft sTt 3fk Tff % TtTTTcTv VTT s f k T1TTT#V (^;l(fe?V:J

jfgift % TTOT ft ^TTTT vTfev T f % ^ffftr *r TTT i r r V Tfr ' T T ^
TTTTTt vt V5TTT % T f T R : Tf' ^ TTTTVT^ ft TTTT T>TTTC|TV T %
^ TTT Tt I T ^ ^ TTWTTTTfev TtST^'ri'+tft^l RV % fPT ^ T f TJSTT'
îTSTTTtTlT fTf|VT 5ftsr%fS | I TT ^'T TT TTTTIT Tf^Vf^TT ft
Uo % |oT I I irfttr ?Tft ^ ^ T M V W ft TTTT TtTTTcTV TPT VT .
fel^T TfT Tff, fVff \ %fS ft ?ift vt f t ^ V T i t - iWft' % ft^ ITVV '
jirf^!3J?TTT TT5T TrT | ; ?TVt Tf% TTtTT^T'W*! l' T * f T TTT!ftT^3:T
SfPTTT vt fait T5TT% Tt5ITfcTV5!3TT Vt S^^TÎ^-r "
^f[%feV V5TT % TfTTT TTTfrrtTT VWTT ft ^%?t ft Tff vt ffTTf ft 5i>
iriTfT Tft 3TS|>t vtTT?TV T^Tf ft 5TTT 'gT ft ftTT I V55T: TfT vtlTTTiT
yiFt V^TTTfTP: T t a m i i ^ M T %TT T t - ^ ''
^ ^ = p ^ 5 l F ^ T ' ^ ^ l tlT > .

.-. fi5ft?Tifciq;^= ^ p ; ^ ^ ^ = .<-^v?
%15R % 5?fti fftjTT % srjgT': ?r|f % vif* tr^jTfeii % itTfit % stff??
5fft Wff % ^ i %55 ft TSTT |PcTf (TSTT T f ^ w f ) % TTf TTTT Tf|% TTV-
^ fetrf % IT? ft 55T f t fTSTfTT W I i Tfi f i %f5 ft TSTT Tf?VTf'
vt r TTT TTT TTV =(rftf?TTf vf VT TT^ T> 5T^ TT^T VT TT^T
V -(^^^Y
fl 5
^T1 VI* -t VTX ^^0
- ^WTT VTX ^^0 / ~ V fTTfe /
.^fr.; TfTTfl \|^Y'''^'^'^^^\^^
A f T *tWwK^H.M<ji = V ( " R v ? ) * = >-^^\3 s r k l?fr s r ^
Tt% V t . T T ^ I J I T TÎTts^ % ; ^ T ^ F ? ^ T k ^q^T.* fT^TfT ft

, f t T ^ TTrt.t 1
fT ' TtT TfT
^pifTSTo 9ft3fV3TT
%<T5Kfe5To itsfv^TT
H T f g r t T T ^ftshwTT
W srvrc Iff T M + r ft,; w n r irtwrfft 'fl' TFTV5<tTr Tv%55tT

TT T| % V r f ^T ^TcTVTFTTf % TfSiTJT ft' 9ftSI%f5^S3JTT %
1 T ft ^TTfT^ T f TFTTI vt VrTr?TV!TT^T TTTT fT(^ T^qTT
IR fv ssTt vtrrcTV TFT T TTT T f v i vtrrcTv Tfr T | Tt v t r i f q r r
' f e r t TtT Tf vt ^ e T V Tfg T TtT T VT TTT Tt ^ J ' '
VXT TXT
T = T !=
fT ' fT
Tff V TtT T i ^ i f TtT T f % 1T ft VT ' I TT T i f f TT ( T )

' SET^T T, T ^ TTTTrrftT ft
V'XT T'XT
fT fT _ V^ T + T^ T
vt^TT T =
VTXT VTXT " VT ( T + T )
fT fT
ITft vtqfTTiT vt V5TTT5TTT ftTT fTWTTf^T ^[T TTTT |TT I
^?TtfTf?2TT^f%3TFTT 3Tf % ? t 3 ^ ^ 3 % ? s [ ^ ^ : II
TT SSTf TVT Tf % %T55 f T%feV V T ! % TT^TT ft TVTT5TVTf55V

|ifST%f?tT VT ?T^T %TTT % fTTTf Vf TTTfT % TTT fol<=IWITT TT TfT | I
Tf^ fTT^TTT TT'gVT.I f v f T%f 5 ft STf TtT T f % VTI, vt VTT:

? TtT T T T f t ^ c i V ' ^ T f T T f ^ T sffT T TTT V t l t T TfTTt ft T sftT T
TTTTTT ^ f T 3 T r : # f v ^
T = VTj^ T:,=>^TT TTT %T?5T % ^TfT fTTT*' ft
V -
:-TftTt
T '
T^ V T VT'
T T T
TV'
T f fTTft %iTffr% ftTT TTT TTTTT TTftrr

/. 1 T^ = ?r m f t TT
.T ss ?r gfTT er ?r T " ^
f l ?>ft H I V W { Tr) ft TTTfTRftr ft
f>3TT T = = -i =-
1 t
Btsr sftT i t i f ft V^ X 11 ^ fflft'foift
l f t ^ o i f t TTT
vt^xrr 9rs=
>iî^-JI^raî'2l î^H ftT: ? T T t f 5 ^ J I
^fk^ ^fenT^ ^ 5 % 5 T I S g i T % ? 5 - ^ fl
S f T i t i f TfTT % TfTT STTT fsfT^TT TTTT t fV i t i f |t ft T? %
TTTTTfTf^Jf %fStT TTTT ^ ftft | 1 T5TfTTTT ^ T % TVTTTfTftT;
%fjtT fT TfTT TTfT f f TT TTTT | I
^fuf = ^000 I ^tTfi = uRvi ^ T = KV.?'.=;itT-

T f T = ^?'.VV^ W T T ^ T ( f )ft
ft^rr T = ^ ' ^ y : ^
f T (T + T)
_ (?o<> ) ' ^ ' X S i ' . ? x g + ^ K ^ v * x ^ V - m
STT Wft^ ( 1 ) % irr'^T ftiT T i m %f?t9TVT t f t l i f |
v + T - V v T +nRv-vôoox^KRv
= ss o'pavsH
a - 5 r s= S S J T " ' ' ' s ! V/?v'

.\ TV *j?rk = '?.>'' +^7?v'ss ?^^7^y'
?TT %faTif i it?T f t -31??^ 1 1 ffftST^r i i f t VT T *
%^t?T t W " ?WT Tf55TElT i X^% TfT TTT I I ^ Tf ftsi ft
%T5yT % fTTTf fs TTvis-dTTt I f f % TV%f5iT # i ST^TfT T f T T % f ^ l i t
ft T?T ffft % VTTT Tre^ftv | I
TfTT T ^ VT f T V f t TfTOTT ^JT % SJTTfT TT V i f T f T ft Tff ftTT I

?TVT ?nT fft ?T Tff % TTT T>T TTT ftsitT ( Occultation ) ft
iTT ftTT I I T T : 1T% TTlif VT TTTTftV f r r f T T . TTt TfTT | T T |
W i f T f T * Ttftsa 1T% T>rtT TtT TT f f t f t r I T ft TTT f t I T f f t f T ft
VTffTfrT % TTTaw f T ^ f t T aftr *rf?TfT * TtT ft ? W ^ T ft T f -
ftfT ^ i t VtTTcTV 5^ TT555T f t r t | Tft T R V ^ | | TTTtT T i t r i f
ft ( TSTit ), TRTTf % ft*Tt ft i t VTffTfT TT 5WT VT% TT% i t " T ^ ^ ^
STT ftTT TT ftff TRTTf % 5R TTT: TTfTTfTT TTt^ TTft | ft^ T f f Vt
Tft % TrTrft 1T% TTt ft i t TFTTTT TT?55T ftTT | I
fTg!% TVTT ft TT55iTr TT %^ | ft S5TV TRTTf i t ftT55it %

VrCT V i 5 T | i t T TSTT ?TTT ft T^TfTT ?fSTtTT ftTT | I TTT VOT Vt
5??%fffTT TT T!=TTi55 % gTTT TtT fgTtT ^ TtT T f % 3FTT ft g?I5T
TfTTftTTT ?ft5T'7i5?, TtSTtftTV TT TtSTTffft % VTTT ) IT Ttif f t
s r f T i f m r B f f t i f f % TT % vTT<T T ^ t i srfeifTiTT i f TT^^T f f i f 1 1
^ llftt? ftrr I f v f T T I T i T f fT TTTT fTJT TTTT t TTfT T T T
VrffTfrT % TTT55 TITT TTTT ( ^ f I |TT ) | | V55T: V l f ^ ^ % TTT
T f % $tTT f T ( fTTOT55 ) VT TTT55 i f TTTTITT VETT 1; I fTf| TTT
(Node) V ^ l l Tf ^fTT Vlf'TfT % TTT?? ft ftrft sigi f T vtT
TTTTT I ^ TTTT ; V>I TTTI TTTTT V ^ | | T f VT S T T f T
VTffTfT ft TTTT aftT Tf^T i t i f TfT TTTTT '^^T T?fifT ' T V T f vt
VlffTfT ft TTT .itT TfsTT Vt T"tT fTfsTH V T ITT | I lTft,.TT T f TTft
TTT ,fTf| TT ftTI | ?tit VlffTftl ft ftTT I TT T T i t ft T f V l f ^ T ^ ft
' 3TTT TTTI Tf^T vt TtT f t ftTT | I T|fTTT ft .Vlf^TfT TT fvTT 55TT
T f f VlffTfT ft 55TTT | Tft T f VT V l f T f T t T TTTT TT ^ T T Vfft | I
5rritT TPTTit ft i r ft T ^ T f v T i f v T f %. vt-: fpifT STT

TfnTfftTTI ( TfTV55 ) .ft i ? f ; S T f ft. ,ft TTHST . f t ^ ^ r l j ^ ^ i k ^ T TfTT-
fTTTT ( it?TV^ ) ft T ^ T T f %T^ 5 i t ft TffTVT vt %tt % ST^T
^ ft frr-vt TTlf^'VTTT t I T fSTIT TTiT '% ' V f l l . W| 'T^ TTTTT
( VlffTfT ft ^ V ^ I i % 'TTT^J vt T l T f i ) TfTTfTT T f ^ t |' ' l i f ^ q
- TITVTTTIT ftTT %.fTTT ft VfT | ^'^7^J ^ÎfI.%'T^^] ? r ^ l S T T : " % t ? t
TfT TTS T f ft TT 55TTT Tlfft^ TîT TTTfl VI |%f?ft'''^^T'^ltT' M %
f?5tT T f VfT I f v . ^. VI p
iTt?t;,5ftsifT^( TTTTT TIT ^ gpit-^|i^

' V ^ TT i f f vr'TTTTT "('TITFT ) im I l T f fTJT'^T^;,ff .siitT
' T T T l i t ^ i i % fKT'itTTTft %,TTt TT fTTtTT ^ fffl.]
- - ii iî^T f^*^^ '^ 1^
^T;-; >.^TrTwn* m% ferlTT ft T f TTWTT T f i v i | ft !3T T f i i i Ttr ft

rfgr=TTT ^.0 vt frt TT ftTT t Tt ^ V T TT T f r l T ftrrf 1^f|' TTT TTT
^ T W f t ?t;:o?,ft ^ xa fsrtT TTT TT TT T f f f e f l i t ' T ' t VT TTTT
ftTT I I T f i ft Tift TTT TIT ft ^ô" 3ITTI f s i t T T T T % ' ^ ' ' ' f[ ^
TT fTTTtr fTTI ft T f T T TT TT35T ftTT | | Tft TfT |T i t T ^V %
. ftq TTT?ft Tlffft I V l f f T f T ft .|T aitT %% TT ^TIT TTTT T f I T f t
Vtt fTT55T Cff fTf^TT fTTT % Tf^TT ftaT | I TTTtT W^^m ft fT.5IT
" ^ ft S l ^ i t ft i i SltT T f TTTI f f |T i t T ^JV % TTTTT TT TTv55T
im i Ti ftîft |TT TTT "Ô*' TT #11 afk.fgpTH^ni*^^
ffftts^ f T ( TTrfTfT ) 1 ^ TTTT fftir JT^f T T f i r T ^ ^ rftET
**T arair R^so^ f 1^ 5 # J f ^ ^ ^ ' T f T^TT TTT afft
'fT<V ft TTT:Vr55 îf ft T ^ vflftTTRfT ( TTT v k j #T | T J i T T | i
CT5!TtftilT ft TT555T ftuT ft IT ftdftrf ft T f VfftjfT ft ^ÎftT % |ft
ft I i r f t ^ T J f i f t T T T T T v t : ^ T a m | ^ 3fhC*Tftl^.ft #^S5T
^ ( VZ1T ^ iitT%T ) TT TTT ftTT 1 T f \m IT Tff i(??Eit
ft T f T T |;T> ) sftT T ^ T ( frVZTT f T f ) TT^ f i f # if fft^
TTTf I I TT ft ?aff ft T f H ' TT *fT?W fTf TT ^ # i ' T t Wftf-
P ft TTVT T f t W f r ^ ^fgnftT ftTT | I ftff W ft^^ fT T f t
^V % VTffTfT % ft^ v t . fTTT TTtTT fTTTtT TT555T f t r t | I TTfft
TT T f T T ft^ iSTt ft..J5S'TT^ft TT ftTT t TTf?^ TT Tff VT ^ %
TrfrsTTW TfBTTVrf55V TTTlTtT TTTiVfftv 3TTT ftTT | TT ^V VT VTfsT-
f T ft T ^ ft^ ( TTT5IJ? ) TTT ft TtT |T VT. TfTT ft ITT TTTT | I
IT% fTTTtT Tît ft fTVJTTt ?;Tt ( TT^^.-faPf^^ Tt TT T^STT T T T I T
Tff VT f T f t fTfSTT %r T^T^' TTT:VTT!,ft Tt*|l|tTT | Tt ^
SSTffTfT ft TfSTT T t T | T ?J^^Vt ftTT | l.f_^Vn Î'^j^f ft^
5.0 Tt5T%;T .,TT ftTt t I : 'IT* ifriffPl.srT Tf T E O T ^ ' ^ ^ o " ft
3TTTT.^t9o 9ft5T%fsfT:Tt' fferll TT S ^ t ^ ' W ' ' ^ f t ^ TTT
f T f T f E T T - f T T ^ T V f f i r f I ' T t ^ T f t ft " ^ t T f ' f t ' f t V r ^ ^ r ftTTtT
ftft I I T T f ? t - T T ^ T t gV TfIT ftfg ftTT | aftt T F ^ T V l f t f gv TtTT
ft ] f f f f TTT:fTftv TT^ % ^T;# f T ' ^ T T ft T t T ; l n f 5 T l ^ ' % ^ ft
TfmftiTT TTTT I TTTtT/TT^TTf ft TT555T f f p v f i | l % f f ?TTTf TT
^V VT TTTt fr^TT TTT ^%<f fTgtTT> T f e a f t t ^ - ^ VT TRSTit fT&TT
TTTT T T t T F T S T T F ^ J f r V ftrf f ^ l " " ? f ? p n F | f T t ft T f frft^
IT TVTT I I
gV T t t f T % ftTT ft fTft 1^ I fv TT TTt itrfrftr Tft, TT%

T?%f5tT ^ T ' ( T f i f ^ f T f | ) TTTf C'f^î^"'^) . ^
TTtr TfT % ?T ft;~ 9 f t 5 l i t T t ^ f T f % T^T TTfT ",,f^^' Tt-Vtf
fTT55T Tff ftTT I f V ' f VT^TfT % T T t TTTf i f t T ft f t ^ | 1 ^V
I T f^TfT ft TTT TTtT?t stfrt ftTT TTt ' ^ f t ft^t^l^T TTf'ift^f ^'aftt
ftTT I I f f ' f ^ ft IT% vtTtT T f r T f T T T^Tt ft f ^ "i^V |T^
t. T f # f f f T ^ V | T f % T i ^ t T T t i r B 4 " T ^ ^
ft I^X.itit t ( i f j f ^ TftfT f t 5>T ^>if 1 ^ a r k T5?>5T TTt
. I t ( Tt T^.f??rsiT I )^^.TT TI*5T Tf^Ttyat ftTt
.', t i t 5 ? TTT T m ^ V t t , TfTtfsf qTTTP.Tfers^.Ttt T ^ ^ t T Tt ftTT
^ 1 1 ^ffttfT f t . . ^ 5 r ^ fTTttr, T r i t ^ . WC-^m v t , T k . T ' T T t T 7t
, ,|m;^.|rti:|Htt.i.
:W, f W R % % |T aftK 5 * Vt T^TftT f t TTT

^ * ? T : f t ?<t5!3sr |f ft ftjg; T i t T aftt TTT Ttrt f t 1 r %Tft
T>**# q f i w ft ^ ark e i t ! frrttT m vt TTT ^ ft T F ^
rrvtiaftt?^!) T^TTT VT55 ft Jftf^ ^ rfcT qftrfaT f t T i t | i ift
WtftfefrtTTTTftTT I
TTtitT .aTTTTTt ft T^t Tff % TTTTTT % feft.tisF ft STfTT vt ^ T T ^ t

*5^T fVTT I I , ?St,fTT ( ) ft fTTTTT TTTT | I fTT T ^ T {\\) ft ^
. , ^ ' 5 T T' T T V ^ T I I V T T T T T| VT Tt^TTfTfT | TTT % TTVT
I TT T T q f 9ft5ITfTfT ( TtsrTtT>5T|T ) | I T gitsTTtTt-T-
, f T ark ; # 5 H % T % Ttr, ft !g%T? ft im TTTTTfTV T fTfT | ITT " T "
T ^ r m Tg i - , ,
. T n i t T TftV^TTT % S f f ^ T t T = T ' ' TTT 9ftST%f? t I T' ^ T

m s f k Z. 1 ^ 1 T65r9ftST%fs 1 1 ^ cf r TTT t r i 11 qf
T TT TTT ^ % TTTTTfcT': T t S T T t r t ^ T f ^ TTT % f | | TT; 9ft?ITtT"NT-
f T ft Z. TT T T TTTtT T^TTTS Tf % f f T fofTT I TT T T Tf 9ft5RtT>5T-
| T ft Tf fT T T T T TT ftftot^ t"'Tt VrftriT % TTT55 % ^ T Z T TT
T |fT VtT fitlRIIT I I T T t r t r 3T>%T ft Ift TtTTT f f f t | I T fT?| ft

TT T T fT*! TT ,T T T T T ^ T t I T T TTT f t TT f f f t | I TT TTTTtI
TTTTTT M r % ajpTT
TT T T aftt TT T T ?ft T>oftT T T f t T fr^sft ft :
3TT T TX3TT TT T
5TT T T
3TT TT T
T T T T ^ X TTTlT T TT T f3TT
^ T T fr^TT ,
i
mt T f T T - S J f ^ TT?5iT I* I T f ^ T T t g f T t r ft | I TT fft 1 't
ft % 3r5?TT
" F T % TTTTWt tftWPi % T*rrfTTT T fT?f ft T ^ t!T # ^ 1 1 Tif
TT T T T aftt ^ T T IT Tt^fTfTf ft TTTTtT ftft ft :
T TX^ T TT^TTXfr
T ^ = f ^ , - .|^TT.TT= - ^ ^ ^
TTTTITT X TTTtTTfSTT X fT
hx^^
TTTTITT X fT Tiql'JM^^TT
itSTfT ^ fr
^TaT<*<KI-W<T X TTTtTTf-^TT
?TT3TT a ' ' : ^
TTTtT TTTTTt ft Tff % TTTTT TTTT VrffTfT T^T f T T T ^ ( fTTft

Jlf TTTT I ) % TTT^JtcTT f t T f t ^^'Z ft f t f T TTftTT55T TTTT TT fTTft
T f f f t TTT aWTT TTfT! Ttrf T55f % S f e ^ T ^ T ^%fTTTfTTt
fT5 f t : Tt I ffff f t r r f T f T f t igr^ffSf TfTTTT ft Vrf^TfT T f
fTT05?J spt T f t ^ T ^ ( TtT^TT ) fT%f5TTfTTt ftst | I f t T t f T f T ft
8ITTTT 2T?5Tt % ftitTHST TTTTSft % TTt ft fSpTT f T T f fTTTTT; t I I^f
Tff % T t T T t TfTTTT5ft55 ?fgTtTT f f e ft I Ttft ftTTf^TfT.ft T f
ft zm4\ % TT?55T 5r<f ^ ftTf?R9r Ttft wtf TIR ?rtt ^ TftTiiâl
%T^5Tif VT I f TtT f i f t r i ftit TTHT I I ^ I
1^ ^ %^ { Lat^titude ) ]
|T sftt igv % 5rt i*if?T f a r m vr ft^j^TT i r ^ t f t v i i T i f *|
f T t l ftir STTTTT I fT T # srar 1% f f t ftMt ft if^^TWW ftir ft f l
sftt ^V % ftio^ sftt v r f ^ f l % STTIT (InclMtion) % HP^-^r^d
^ i f t t r r i srtt T T i ^ i i ^ t ^ t r r i f % a f t r 1 1 15 ftrt ^rt i + i f f i j
i f i i % fttr ^frrrîTv 1 1 f f f f l i f t ? i T t 9rtti f i i 9 5 i % i f b n ft v t i i
fttri i f r i f i T i f f ft%it I srriT % a t t v i i ftsrî % ffrtr Ttt % f i i ? 5 i
% ftft TTit Sffl i f f % SITf i l i t I, T f f SITft ^ZfX fr TT55ftlif % I V t l
ft i i r ^ r T f t i r r ftff %i5s^^ 1 ^ 5r<f vt ftn
ft^fiit VT T f t i t T ftiTi i|t V ^ j i f f TT s^nr 1 1
T t t vt f^ffs ft t f T f T T | f t ' T | t f f t ' l t ^î?i ftlTITT^ f l T f^^-
55if ft i t T t t Vt fti^nr TT^SST f t ^ ' f t ' P . ^ i ^ T f % i f t aflt i ^
ftffit Tt f t v t f l ^1^ %.itsTiftftTf5ri( TS ^ i r a m f i ) v qvifi
vt f ^ Tt TfTTt I T> i t 5 T * T , f e f T T ? i . ^ i t TTIT 3^<t ^V VT 1 ^ 1 ^
^"RR' i t t f T VT TT555T ftTT | fts^K^ ^ * ^TSlft^
TT T f t V T T f t t Tt f t # t -Tt ' f f e ' f T T l T T t f / R T i f '|T VT ?/VK
;3T^T i t r r 11 . ,
IT TTîsTTt V STfTTt vt ftWT fT VTffTfT ft TTTfl

( I n c l i n a t i o n ) vtT__|7^' îtt |T Vt ^.| U V55T T T ^ T ftTT | I ^
T f t T V STtT TTftT ft|r TTTTÎ | , ^
ftl (R^) ft|.^5|'^T T VTf^T,5tt I f - f T T ^ ft- i f r ^ i t i

^TT t I T T T i t T t ^ 'vrf'TfT Sltt flMU^TTtit * CTTf ( ?gtTV-'if )
ft TTT fSTT TtTT^Tt f T | I TT T V i t Ttt T V t Ttif ^ i t ft T?TT
f t T vrffTfT srtt i f fri^T v TtrT55t?TT v t r 1 1 TT i f strft i f t
IFTTT V ftfE STTft ftrng^ TtTtT t V 5T |<t T f i % T t f t l T i t "'J # 5 -
ftm srsT Tft TT%r v TTT f t i Z V f T l i r f t |TT ^V?? ft ITTT
T t t TT Tf TTft ftf| T V pTfS TTft fTTnf?? ( 5 i m T - ) T t ftf|
Tt ftTT i t ^V^sffTT SST i f t T t'^T ^ T ITT Z * t i 5^
f t T TTTi ftr ^?fT I f T T # |T V fti^ T t T T t Z ^ * 1 TTTT T
^ t ^ TTT ?5rft TT T f T T f t r ^ l f t f I
f T V f i T ^ f T sTTTTî sp T = V T itSfn^T-
V553qT ^ % = frsnTr,
sfT fT^T V ^ T i ?tTT f > n f ( r V . :
^ t
^ T. 3JTT Z ^ T V = ?_'.rô^5^H^
:5 T V = 3IITZ O 7 R ^ ' = ^JTT - Z'a T.f;
.-. Z l V T = ? o 7 ^ o v X = ^7R.k I . ^ t ^'tf^

^ Z f T TXT V 3riT / . f w T
^ z i T v =
W ?7A' ' 3JTT s i ' M
5. ^ZTT Z V T T = R-=;ER?.<iS.5.
.-. z T V T = v/Re.+jm= ^/?V .

IT i t i i t q ^ S T T f T T T t t T mP^^ T t t | T V fTT^l^S f t TT^rfi
. i t t ^"/^V TTit t I TT f T l i t ^TT^tf i f V f t T ^ f t TTlfl 5Tft
f?T5Ti I I S V VT i t T fefl TTftlTTT ^ 7 ^ R i t t ? r f T f | Tt
TTTTt t/R' 5 T ^ i Tq^ST ffTT TT I IT ^T^sfsTTt % ^ T TfTVeTTT
V TfTTT ^ V V fti
555f. V ^ 7 o ' =r ?.".iK^t^V?
55f5. l V t = 5.'M5.^??
z I V T = ^7KR'-A7RR'=V?'
^ f T=BT TTT? ft 1 V T ftlT ft

. 3 T T Z T [ % X 1 %
5TT Z 1 T % = ^
3TT Z . T 1 % J^/R
T % = fT.
5. 3ttz*[ T % = 5^ 5. 5TT ? 7 R ' 5 . ^
=z 1 % T = ?7^^'
z T % T = ? 7 V + J : 7 ^ ^ ' = ^7;J5^'
^V % ftq TfTT TT^jfssrif ft gv fT TÎTSfTT TTTT VTffîfT ft

W T T T T f f SiTTfT f TTit | |
% 'imwi ( sTTTft) i n T % % q fift

2T55Tt% Ttrf ftrf % TTTTT TT ?TTT TTT |Tf??T fT TTTfeaftT
H T T Tft I I TT: TTTitTf f t ^ T ^ f STTT TSTT Tt5TTfcTT.??3Tr sftt
*rTT TTTftT % TTSTT ft TTTfiffT fT TSTT TTT TTTITT TTTT | I
fTT {R^} ft T T Tt VTf?3fT % TTT?5 T TTTT | T fT '^T^ TTT | I
^ T T 5?rfr m - T ^ T 11 vrtfTfT T^T | T % S T T TTT f t

^ T f T S TtTTTT 1 % T f J feTTT f T T? fT fOT|T STf^TlT % TTT??-
ft TtTT TTT | l f^TT T T, T fTf| ft f 8,TTf ct % TTT?5'qT T?5T TTT
TfT I I TT Z T 1 T, 1 fr?^ % 15T TC | | T/fT*| ft %%T TT
T T 5yFT 5T55T, T T 3f>T % T f t ,fT5TTT I TT f t T Z T T T T f |T
, T T f T 3itT ^.iffafT % îT',??! ft ^ T T f t T TT TTTTT f t T ftTT I
UK
1/^11=8.0= Z T T 1 I TT TTTTTt
i Z T l % V t ' T ' T T T T t % T ' 5 T T f t r ft^T ft :
1 T = % l X f t 3 i r T Z TTJ % = f r X ^ ^ T T T
T T = %T X f W Z T 1 %=
a^WT^.^^'HlTXTt^^T T
3JTTTf>T T T 1 ft :
SI T = 1 T X 3 T T T 1 T = 1 T X T T 3 T T
TT T T T T T f t r ft^T ft :
T T
Z T T T = = TTTTT3Tr
TT
= ( TTT^ftfTT f>T )
3JTT T T T =
T.V.5TTX*>1TZT ( fTT R\3 )
frXVftlT Z TXTT^qr TtSTT

3f. Ti. 3qTXf>JTTT T . V . ' ^ / f t ~ ^STT TTT
S T ^ t ft |T % TtT TTTT ft T t VT TTT o' ^ % gTTT TTTSSf
ftrr TT TTT TTT VtT VT T(T RoA<' fT^TT ffTT TT I ITftft T l f T J
.. . ^ 3TTR73'
^ T T ft TTT5TT3TT =i ^ ^ ^ r ^ ^ ,
55| f . R7^' = <i-'^?5.^S.^
^5.RO7kV= EAKÔ?O\
5. TTTTT = t'od-^^^t?
,. |T VT TTTTt = VS^'/o'/yV'
TTffrV ftTTTf ft Tt |T VT TTTTT ^/o'/9X' ^T^T fVTT TTT | : ,

Tt ? T H t vt T T ^ T ft %T^ FTV^F VT | I . ITt TVTT ^ V TT q t T -
"TT vft TtT 5TTT ft TTT v"tT % ITTT ^JFTT TT TVTT 1 I SlSTJft %ftTf%
STTT ftT (R^) ft TT = T M ' v f t T = V ^ / o '
3TT ?7Y"^
T T : TTTTT5TT =
3TT V^7'
55f 5. 3IIT '"MV tl-YdVdVê. -
f . 3;TT V^/O = ..<;'v^ ^ V? ;
5* VT ^TmT. = R^/R^'
e r ^ i t % gqss^T % arf^nrt ^ v VT '^rmx 11 srrfffrv TT-
'ssfsT % sTfiTt vr ^rmx 11 ? T ^ k ^ v % T T T SRTT
VtT ft fTT T T T % Tf T T T VtT (Alongation) T>T ftr ft TTT V> TTTVT
TTTTTT VT TTT f r v t r f f t f e ft T T ^ ^ ^ ^ v ' ^TTT TT TVTT | I ^TT^f%
Igft ft m I f v T T Vf TcTffT Tf% T f % gTTTTT.-afl'T VrffTfT % T T T ^ f
ft g?TT VTT % STTT f f , TfT TTTT T ^ fT?| ft TfSfTTTTT ft T f % STTT

TTVTT TTT Vf fTTfT T T f f r f | I TTT ft Tft STf S^T TffefT vf fTf
ft T%fS 19T VfTTcTV TTT TTT V ^ f,' ftft TTSTT Vfft | I ft Tf
vf fTf vf TTTTfT TTTTT T f a V T V ^ f \ %h T f VT T T TTVf TTTf V^nT
% TTT ft ^ f fft'^ % STTT TT^TT TTT ft f f 3 T ^ T ffTT | I ITf^ft 3T% fti
^%5sft m Tf # TivrrTT ftrfr TTT^TV T f f f r r f , fTT% fttr
VT TTVTT fVTT TTTT 5 I TT: T^TTTS T f T^T TflTT % T T T ft f f T f %
VTT Vt fftfs Vft TTt g 1 affT TTtVT ^%f5 ft E9T ffft % f^Jtr ^ T TT T
VftSlVT VT TTT TVT ^%fS ?5T T T Vt ^TT ^TTt TTt | I T f T T T T T T tTf
vt ^ f r ; ft T i r r T T T T f i TTTTtT TTTrrf ft VT^TVT T | ft i^ff v i T i
Tff vt ftrfr VT anV5JT fTTag?^ ( VTffTfT ) ft TTTTfT ft TTTT | T"t
arrffrv TTfTTT3ff % Tff?511
T f ^ f T l^ffST TfT?TT ft TTTTT T^Tf^TT H T ^ f % STTT IT TtT

Tff % STTT TT ( fTTOg?ft ) ft VTffT|T Vt TTTTT ( T T T T T ) v f t %
aTTTTT Vt ^ fTTTVT TTT ft 18 TTTTTT TTT IBTT ft T T T TTTTTT Vt
f f r i TTTTT I f T sftT ^ V % f^Jir 3TTTTT ST?5Tt ft TTTT fV ITVt TTT^T
( Nodeline ) T ^ T f ^ T T ( Apceline ) ft srftvT | I Ti55T: TTTfr T f
SltT Tf<4fe ( Ecenttic Anomly ) Tfrf % ^ T T T T T T T f t ffft I fTTft
ft ftT ( R ) % STTT T T T T T T T T T TT55TT ^TV ftTT TT TVf I f V f TtT
f5Tft% fTTT ft T f TTT Tff | I ITfti^ ITVt V^TT ^ft îffTf^r ft
a n r f t TTT % fti^ v t t Tt i^VTi^V TtT Tff TVTTj fTtfV IT Tff Vt fTTfft
T?%5=STTTfT TTTT TTT sftSTfTTfT TT^T ( Tt^T;?5 ) T>Tf % |TTf fT^qT
U^
jwrfer TfTT ,1 ft^ . f t % ^ i f ? Sc^nTTT _Tiir i t s T | i % i t i , i l t
3T"f sfr fifife ft %i?J i^TV^r iT^T Tff ft f t I f vaaT ^ arnfe TT TTT-
Vr TPT f l V l T n f l T ft TtTTT ^TV TTH f t TTTTT I Wft T f s g^-T-
sffr vftsnffT TTfTK 1^ftTftTf TT^qlf ft TTTfrvfr vr TTT f t n i
ftr ( ) if iTT ^ fv T TT T Tf VrfTTfT V TTTo5 ft T f T f t f l
TTT T 4T T Tf V T f ^ ^ TT TTTT TffTT0555tT ( Eccentric )
Tfrf VT HTTT TT sffT Tf fTf|3ff TT t I TT fT^sff ft S.o %
ft T T T T I T TfTT TTT | I T>Tf ftft ft TcTT VtT
|Z.T TT T Tfrf % TTT55t ft T?TT V t T Z T % T % 5?T t^T I TTffv T % T
VTffTfT Tft fTTOf^ Tfrf % 5^Tf ft TT^ TT^ T T T T |T T^T Vlf^T-
% TTTif ^ SrfT^ tTT ffif I % fTÎ VlffTfrr VT ^ 5 ffTT 1
T fTf| Vf TTT VT Tf5ITtT>T|T ( Fpecycle ) ^ STTtTTi T T
I f t T T T f I f T T T T T ^ f f f t T^t STTTTi ft 55 V T f T T f t Tft f ) Tf
|fT!^TfT aftT f r U S ^ Tfrf f f i f S T i f T f ^ f T t V STfTf|3ff ft ,ffVT
IITft t I " T ^ T " % ^*rHW< T T T TtT t T 55 % T T ^ T t T # | I
I t t vftETTftftTfT ft Z. T T T = Z T , ^ T = Z. 55 *T V TTT VtfTfT
W ^ ^ ft vffSTTtTftTfT TT TfSITfTfT ^ ^ T T TTftTT^sf Ti T T V f
It T ^ #Tt T i f t I TT f T TfT fTf| TTT T V T^T fi^l ffft I TT
N T Tft ^ 55ft^ ft^sff vf TfT TTT'^ T TtT ^ T ft i f T ft?|if vf
|lftT T 4fft t f t ' l T t TT tTijftT ( sriTTfT ) Vr55 5^ fTTtfT f f T ( f T ft
I f Vt ?<iJ'^%Sr^tyTt"iTT'T 3>tt 55ftj^3ff T t T T fTflif # Ttt
T f r i f i ^ ' ^ t p 1% ( C P i j ^ i k t i o t i > ft ffWtTt f t l I I '
| f i l IT i f f T T T T f T V TTVTilT ftiftrt ffg'ftTt ftit
[ I \ VTfft TT TTT IT Tff ^ TfETV^J C Epecyclic unequality ) fJ
. TTTT ftTT I I Ti55T:. ifTfti=| ^ \ TTTT If^ TTt VT^ T f T T , , TT^T ,
lifgiftt^ ftir 11
T T f T T f t l i ' 2T55it STTT %T ft TT555T vftT V TtTT?T TTT T f T T
llTTTTf Vt''fTT55rVt Tift TTfTT VrftTfT ^ Tf V fTTOf55 Vt TTTft
( T T T T C ) *vft Vt fTT5Tift I 3TTit ft'itTfTFT fl T ^ i t ^ ft?! TT frrft
ft itSTitT fTÎ fTVa %TVT TTTT ft TtTVTt VT TTT V/Ro' | TTT T5T-
!fft ft^ TT Tf ^ fTTfi ft itSffrT ft?| % ftVSTTTTT VTTTT 'a" | I
^ fv T f i t ^ afft T f i i t T fTJ|8rt Tt vr T T T T TTT vftsritT
fTT {R^)^ ^ ^VfS ft T W 11 * TJTtsT ftjf 5^
( Eccentric'Apogee ) I TTT * T ^ ^ ft T ' l i t T (Eccentric
Perigee ) fT'5 f t |tt | I 9&?T5ftT>ST fT,ft Tf5>5T fT?| T t ftTJaT | %
( Opposition ) ft,Tf fl*T T fT?|,| TTT T ^ l i t T fTf| T t f l T f t T | %
ft T f f#cT " t * ' f r ^ l I i TT
^ Z T V T = V ^ A o ' V Z. T V t = \sVo'
TT i T v W t ft f T frro^Sf sft TTTfT ^FtT Vf m Tf Z af.* T
I T k Tff T t s r i f T f t r p ft VfT Z T T T I 1 f T l^ft t fV T f l f V f t
V TfSTTfTkT ft TTTT f f afVT TT^ | ) fTT'f WtT5!3T Tt?ff V f ^
5TTTt i ' 55WT \ T t t E VT T^TfT | I TT TTT f T T>t t T IT* ?FTfT
fTKTTVTt V ffft l\
Z. T V T ; 4 T^t
TT zl TVT aiVt Z. T * t f T i r | ^ | I sfft
Z. T ^ T = ZT VT = V V
(^s" - V ) ^
, .-. v - r
% a sftt % t vt T5I% Hft ft T sftt ^ fTf|3r{ TV T?TTT TT Sfff:
VtlJTTTT^Zsr^tl
Tff : Vtlir T t ^ = T % t
Z%TTafttZ.%Tt 5TVr TIT V % 55T r I I
.-. T % t 0 - r
arrrrr ei^nft ft ? T srvrt srwi 11
Z T % T V 5 aftt Z T % t ?T itTt ft aPTt R| VT | ,
T T m % 3JIT T5T?Tt ft ar^Tt ^ - ^ = YVT | R| Tf V VT | | ;
STT: TWfftff % 3T*Tt Vt'ESff VT TR i t | % 5T ffTT I
id T % T5^ VT | ^ | sftt
^T%t-^vr|=^'
5T TfTT Z % T % T t I I Tf TTT fTSTT ft | I
TtT % ? sfw it^PB^ VT ft^'J R^ TTftTT f I 5Tf%ft JTTTit %
TTlfTT tft TtT % fTT0T9r ft TITfft TI TtTVIt R^ 3fT| I ^ fTSl'T ft
Tf \ I ô' TitTTtl > STIffTVTTT t'Â?'! > fVf R^ sfVITITFVTt
5(ft TVTt T T T T Tft ftTT I TT fT SITEnisTSTTt % %Tt<TT5T Ttit iltTTTt
ft i t r % f T T T " ft TTTfr VT TfiST f?im% f I
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fc. To .
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m ftir I
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fTT TT I
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IF ftu I I
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fTTT % !
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arîTf?! 'ST s p f t ^ ft*l^ Ui
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ftr ( ) 5TT Z . T T %
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ftfT T T % ft STT Z % T T 5 T T R 7 ^ 7 X 5ft. T . TJ^TT
3Jn Z % T T ' o ^ K V c o ^ X to^Hd^SI X.-oo^^^^s
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i t t ?v % q t ^ t TTTfit ft IT% T f T t ?T^q ^^zm T i t vr T F T T ftTr
TTftrr I TT qfft T T t t T % TTTTTt vt TTfTT ftTT TTTT t I
3f % T ^T = T f T t T ( srftuifTTt )
.. T_% T t r T % T t T = T % T t T - - 3 T f T t T
. . T % T fTTOT =. T % f ftfT
ft?g T % T tTq5T=5 % T k T T TTT 1
T T = % T 3TT Z. T % T % T Z T % T ^TT TTq ft Tft? ft |
.', T % T t T V T = ^ % T* Z T % T = 4 V'' T % T
A T % g tTV55 = V f XT^-5 % f X ^TT Z T % T
=> ^ V f X TT T
.2 % T . Z T % T = J % g . 5TT T
. W Z T % T = % 5TT T
..ZT% T 5TT T = 1 5TT T

V
ftfg ZT %T = ZT % T- ZT %T
._T='T-I. 5Tr T (?)
TSTT TfT%fS T sftt '^T TfT%fS T ft T f t TTT^T ftTT | I TT
TfT T i t t I TTT f t i t IT T i t V t T ft ' T ' VT TTT TtÎTT J T V STTT f t
TVTT t I l i t vt %qTt VT T T t V t T Vfft | I
VTTt V I T T i t V t T ft TSTT T t t ^ T %f st VT TTffT i t TTT f t
TTT, f V f f Tf TVT TTTT % fTq fft TSTT i t t %f j f VT TTTfT TlTS^V
I I STT: ^TtT> t T T?TT ft Tfft T t t '^T Vfst VT TTTfT TTVt TT
qt ft %c5!ttT T i t V t T V gTtr v f t v TITT q ^ f t ft TSTT T t t ^Tg TfT
%f 5t V TTTfT 3qT5T f t T I
ftT ( ) ft A f T f T % g T ft, iqg%fS Z % ^ T =.CT=.ZT V
g . T f = Z f V T - Z T % ^ + Z% 1 ?
= T - q + 5|t {R)
IT T T t v t T ft TfT q Sftt VT TTT TfT f t i t ? f i TfT %f5 " ? V "
aftt TEUT Tf? %fS " 1 " %H T W % TTTTT 5ircr f t TITft I T VI T I T
!|?IIT?TV ftTT I I T T : Tfft T VI TIT TITI TTTI | I
Tfft V f I TI f V T t f v T l i t f T % T t l T T ft VlffcIfT % TtTT?! %

5!lfTTV TftTIT ft T t T Vlf^T VtT Vt ^ I T^TfTTT TTT^T "%" f t T T t I
?Tt f r f r ft T H I T % T ft T ^ STITIT ft T f | f T f T T V f t r f\ f r s r i
sftt STTTTS' VT T f T t T t T VlffT v t gcVTSTT f t i t TTtfv 55fSTTTT^
TtTVTffT fs Vtfs^T ftTT I T t T f T TSIT ft T f Tt f T S | f v I f f
5TTTT:5 sftt 55f SZTITFS ft Tt TTT^T ftTT T f t I^cp^rTtT TfTTV f T t T
fsfz sftt TtTftftT v f f t ft ftTT 1 TffTTV TftTTTT T^T I T i t T f T V
T ^ V f T f f I S vrffT^TSff % f T fTf| ftr" I VTT: %?5 ft T t i i r t T T f
T, ft T t t TT% TTTTt TfTTV f t l t T T f ' T ' ft T f | t ^ T s f f V STtT Tt
q f t T T f t n T f V l f t T l T % fTTTtT sftt fTTT % T f T t ?T^T TTTT-
f T t TTT TT T f t T f t TTT ftTT I l i t T f t T f i Vt TTtVtT" ( R ) ft T %
TIT ft VfT TTT I 1 T T f T ^TT T f r r t T TTVtTt ft T VT TTT Tift | I
f T T (9.t;) ft T t T f i t T T i l T ft
^ J i 1^ ITfTtfT-sqfTft
^ % T TT
% T TT %T TT^
/ . :T T = - ^ T X T T J^Î ^ ^ =fw5Tr sftt T T= STT T |

V T
grTT T T=? Vt^TT ( ^ n " ' ' ) T i t f v % T=Vt3T1 (3TT f ) ftTT | \
T f t V t ^ 5TT l ' * VT TTcTT - I* TTTJTT TI%(T I
T T ^ (^-^'^T ^TII-'') X STT T ^ {\ ~ ?TT T
' ' fi V
' T T , T fTf|TT % T T t TTT ftft ft TftTfT TTT Vt ^TI | I TT A T
% T i t t A T T 55 I T i t T t TTVtT f T fTt % H T l i t T ftft FT
% T X T T Vt^TTXTT
T T = =5
V T ?riTT
ITft ^ T % TTT v t ^TTTTTfr ft
* I f f STTTTSt I T f TVtfSJTVT f f TT I
55f5Tlft TftTTT i T V t f j f r f T T f t ^ t l
SIfiTft IJT ft5ro \\\
V X T^r \
T f T TTTfT ft T f T f f TT TTftriTV STFT^TT VT f T ftF| T ftTT | \
i r f r t i ; % T ft;| T T arftT ^ vtTssqT T^TT 11. ^^qT^TT ft T^TT =
ftjTT = V = ? , TTT q f r r f r TTT % ^TTTFT ft Tft? T I T ^ Tt
ITft tT^TTTT ft^-1' y Vt StT ^ TT
( ?-I^yC I fS3^,TT T qr ft Tt T f TWr Tf TVTT | \
. ' . TfTTfT (T) Y ; ^ ( ^ ~^ ) ^ ^
-Î'^^T R T { ^ )
T % ^ T vt Z . T ft TSlft ft Z T % f = T - I I''5qT ^ T
TT !|iVtT VT TTT 5ITT VtTT | I IT% fTi^ f T T^T V T " T " VT TTT
TTT5TV 11 T f T TTVtT fTfT ft f T ' = T T ' + f q- 1 .
f T = %T-% f=V (vtSTTT-Vl) I Vitfv%f =VII
T T V 3TT T X ^ T siiT = W ( T ^ i ^ T x STT T
.-. s i r ^ - V ' * ( V t 5 J T T T - I )2 4-v'' ( % -I* )X3ZTT^ T
- V * ( V t ^ T ' T + I" - 9. VtSTTT I + 'iTT'^T - r'STT^'T )
- V ' ^ ( X -R V l ^ T T I +1" VtSTT* T )
T T f T ftft TT
T = V {X -% VV5TT T ) ( V )
TT f T f T T % f ft VtTTfTTT ft
fffTTT TT frsr' TTfTBTfr TTTT 1

TTfrV'SffTT T^ TTFf T t T f T ftTSTTf: II Tto f o T3TT 11
??T
z% 1 g - ^ T d i % ^ x % f _ ^ ( T - ^ 5 ' )yi
V ( t -I fmr T)
Tff ( ? - %fm[ T )"*' vr fsgVTSfTSIfT STTTT TirflBTT %

frWrt VT TTtf %TT Tt TTf Vt ftft ft '
{%-% Vf3TT T ) " ' ' = . ? - ( - ? ) ^ T ? + f VrSTT T

,,^^.,5. ( ? + I VTSTTT)-!. 3TTT + 5'"^TTVt5TTT
3 I R T l i : I 5 T T T + i 1 'OTT^ T ( SI )
T TtT !E v H f % TTTt % TifVTT ( ? ) ft WTTTTfT ft
? T ; T - 4 5 ' 3TT.RT + I.5TTT+5 5TT^T
= T4-I ^ T + ^ f 2 5irr ^ T
fVff TJffVTT ( ? ) ft T = T - 1 ^TT T
T T + f ^ T ( ^ )
ITVt CTTTTTIT ft
? ^ T + ^ I^ T + ^ I" ^TT ^ T
/. ?V - T - R f 3TTT + 4 I'* ^ RT
IT TiftVTT ft sftT T T T T?T%f5f VT T^T^T Tt TTT5T |TT

fVff 11% TTVTT ^T%?5 T % ? T ^ ft | I I^t T % ?T^T ft TTft %
frft VTTT ft v i r V TTTTTSfr VT STTTTT l%TT | I ITV sigTTT
T - T + I3TTT
IT TTtVTT ft I T T T Vt TTeTT^TT ft St? ^ TT T =T, Tf TTT

^ T T T T If I fVT TTto ( ^ ) ft ITVt ?TTTTTf% %
T = i T + I 3TTT Tf fSTtT TTTT f f I Tift (tt) ft I T ^ ^TTTTTfT %
?V - T R I 5Tr ( T + I 5TTT ) + ? I* ^TT R T I
?T5TT5TTft,
I 5TT T = I T TTTft TT
TV - T = ^ I 5TT ( T + I T ) + ^ I'' ^ ^ 1
^ = ^ I { ^JTTT Vt^TI T +V>5TTT 'STTI T } + ^ I ' ''TT'lT
= R I { 5TTTX ? + V t ^ T X l 5 T T T l'' 3TT R T
5 3f!m + I* 'Sir ^ T - l - ^ ^ 1
= ^?3JTT1 + ^ 5 ' ^ ' ^ 1 ( B )
H SrVTT visit ^ SRT arrfttfcT 1f1Tw5 VT f l g i T f l |3IT I H
f l V STflTt TTIT W IfTVT 5fft f l ! f ^ STRTT ftiT | I ^
ftr ( ^t; ) ft f 1 - . r X VtSTT z.1 f 1 = T VtWT I

f T - V ( 5 VtsilT 1 - I )
sftt S T - V ( ? - ? #51T 1 ) l i t ( Y ) FT
?-IVt^1
\ + Vt^STT tv " ?- I 1+ VtSTTl"^

_( ? + 5 ) M - VîlTT)
( ? - 5 ) ( ?+Vt31Tl)
ItT f r v t r f r f i FT
TT T i t (Y) sftt (%) V IfTVT T sftt TfTVS Vt

T ' l V f S 1 V ^ 1 ft 31^; Vt TVft 11 11T T i t (S) Vt v f l V TTÎ 1 ^
V STtT f l ^ V t T V STtT 1 V ITT TTI V t TVft | 1 sir iTff ?V VT
fitITt T V ^ ft t?V îV STtT fVIT TTIT | I l i t (%) ft i f t 1 ^
^ Vft TTft ftiV ITT %o T V f t T k 'SIT,1 = 1, ft i t
TTt {%) Vt T t T f l V t r f t f t ft i f ftTT TT TVTT | I
?q 5 ^ x , ^ i ! ! l _ l \ ?T 1 T I ftt i f i W I T = T 1T^ i t I
\l - 1/
=(|^)?l5=^ftlTI
i f t Iff V ^~Y?1TT ft t VT T l i t T V^ I
it ftimt ftraT^T ft
\
\
^ RV~i '
Tff ,t + ? -V - j - ^ + y y - ^^'TTfT T f f t T i f T m T t \
TT 5T5TT ^
m kiX f t ^ ^ ^ ^ VT TTT Tt
i ^ v - i )
fVt l i f t f f T %,
TT i T vf T TTTVt ?T ^ T Vt ftt T"t TTf {%) Tf f f fftT l|
TV-? TV--? f - TV- ? j

?-T Ut--TI
ft
TfTff T t fr^Tft TV-? T V - ?
. ?-Tl ?-TI
-
Tfi f T # VT T f f T T T ftft T t
?V V ^ = T V ^ - l - 5 5 T ( ? - T % T V ~ ? - 5ft ( ?-l)TV^
%55T )%.il?rft1= 1-.+51+5!1 +
^ ,^
3rar Tift- ( ' o) ft T T H ftîpTTTftt v t f s - s t f ^ it
^M)
If11 % fcftJT TTT TV ft VTT VrtV ftTT 1 fTfeir I?ft 3?fTV
TTT TI% tr^qf vt St? fTTT TTT | I
.'sgT m5%fS T VT T T T T^T^^S T % 'sT ft iTTTTt:
T^T V T % STTT TfftVtT ft T VT T % ft^T ft fTETTt %TT i t W f t
TV f t fTTTTTT TTT t J T f t %TTT % TJftvtT VT fT?TTT I sftt T %
TTSTT ft ^ V f Tt % ^T ft fTTTTft | I
TTt ( 0 ft T = T + 5 STT T (?^)
ITft 5 % T?TfT ^3T ftft ft TTVt ^ ? f t T t T = T Tt T % !5T^T ft
T VT ITft f W TTT^tTT I
T - T +1 3TT T ITVT T i t (t'-) ^ T T T T f T ft
T - T + I 3 T T ( T + I5TTT) (?^)
ITVT T i t o a\) 5T: ft tTTTTTfr ft ITft i t f^TTTT ftTT 1

T=T+I53TR { T+I5TT ( T + I3TTT ) } [U]
IT TVTt TTft i t ^ T i t o ft ?TTTTTfejff-ft f f T T t TTT TTft

Ttftft I fV?5 ITft VTTVTtt TTT I Vt i t r t t f t TTTT TV TTT5T ft
Tift I I '
.-. TTto (?^) %TT^T Vt ft^T Vtft T t
T - T + ' I ' S T t T X V t 3 T T { I 5TT T ) + VtSTT T'^TT { I 3TT T) }
Tft Vt'JTT ( I 'STT T ) = ? TTT 5TT ( I 5Tr T ) = I 5TT T
.'. T - T + I ^TT T + I Vt'STTX I 5TT T
, T + I ^ T + ^ I^ ITT ^ T (U)
T i t o (?H.) VT i t ^ TVTt f r ^ t Vtft T t

, - ^ i - 3 i T x ^1} =5ir ( i + ? ^m-1+^ vfiTT ^ 1) I
f %^ i r i ir% qit vt ^ i ^ IT
5irr 1 - ' ^ r 1 + ( 1 5 i r 1+5 3ir R 1) vt^JTT 1

- 3 ( I ^rr IT+ ^ 5ir 5? 1) 31T1 ls5T ftrarî Ir
. = ' 5 i T i + ; i ^ 5 j T + ; I* 'sirrî # s i i i ... - ; 3iT^ T
n nfVo % ^ % i r i r f iT% ITT vt #ift ft
(nft* (? ^) ft s i n % 51 i n ^ îririfTT ft srtt
i = i + ( 5 + J 5*) 5 z m + ^ 5 ' 5JTr R i r + l i^ în. ^ ,r ^^^^
Iff 5 % g?fti i r i f I V f t i f i i VTft ft I f i f t f i 3rri5iv ffiir
1 1 ft TTIT 11
a n l i t (? ft 5 i n , sir ^ 1 n r yir ^ i % i r i t vt ^mrrfrr

ft ^ i?i%55 1 8 1 1 Tf3^s % t i ^ i ft 3JT?B ft arrftir j; fft s s m
VT i r i iit(tv9) ft H T 1 ITI l i t o ft r % qjif % ^ i ft srra
11 STT SJTT ^ 1 1 i r 31T ^ 1 % v t i ft m vrivTTt f i ^ 5% i i T i f t
sJTT ^ i=5szTr R 1+5 (sirr ^ 1 - 31T1)
5JIT ^ T 5 Z T T ^ 1 5 1 ^ VIT: 5* i t r 5 vt StS fitlT H T |

51^ ?1TT1% l i t o ft VTft I T
^=<1 + ( ^ 5 - ^ 5' ) 3 J n + ^ 5 ' " siTT ^ 1 + ^ t 5^ SJTT ^ 1)

/ . ^ - ;r= 5 - ^ 5')31T1 - ^ 5 ' ' 3 1 T R 1 + ? | - 5^5ZTT^1"V"(?^)
5 % i t l i r i f I V ft q f i vTft % f s n i n f t i r 11 5it vt i ^ i -
VT TT I f l V T T i t Vfft I I
K ' X ^ - i t i f t f t i TSivT TTTI % frft qfft i t ivrit ft %qTT % l i t -

VTT vr l i t i fsrr f t 1vf 51 i t i t TVTT ft i f i f i % fsiti
f m TIF
^ ifi%fs aftT 5 % TqvriT ft ?qg 1 ? ? V T ' T ' % i r i t vt n i t i STTT
^T^V^'l itT 1TTT%VTT ft IÎVT T'jft VT 1?qrT1 fVIT T T U T t

51ft T l 111 i t l f r f t l 1!5VT T vr ITI TTft I !
( ) ft sr 1 s i i W
<
IxftnfVisrti f?RfVTrfiTft \
f ff enrr Tftft ftnf ^TH
11 sr ffft ft^s ^'TT T T T srer
ftr
f 5s TTftiT Vtft % T ftff ft sraft'srr TT T i SJ^T ?rrr f iif-

VT^lftfSftHT^Hrft lft| IT fffsilTT T t i Tf^mft
T q- 1T5T ITT I 1 Z , 1 f T =?T2 T^T^fS | I TT i f t f r f f t T T T
ftTTftiT V t f t , g T - ^ ^ = V ( ? - l M
T T
f T T
T T 1 .-, T T :
T T 5
f T _ ^ ^ (I -I^) - ^
f 3T-T T - T T =
srr g T T ftfT ft ftvfrfftft ft

f T = f T X STT Z l f T T T X VtSTT tv I
TT f T % Ttif TTTt Vt feT Vtft ft :
T VtSTIXtV
^ ( ^ - ^ M
\+% VlSTTtv
TT f T %TTt % f s i f t fTTT ft T f % T?TVT"f ITtT snVTfT TTTT
VTS ft TTTT t r V T (r) VT (ftTt) TTT TT%| I TTT T ft f l T ft
T, Tf, 'VT' VTT ft Tf ^ ftTft TTTTTT sftt VT ft TTcVTfrVff^ 'TTVT'
ft Tf V fT5| Tt ftTT I I l i t TVTt TTVT ft T ^ S V i T ^ TRVlftV
Tft'TTT' Ttt T5T%fS ^ 'TTtTJ' fST f t i t | | TTZ.Tx^^^
'TTtV' v f f t I TT TV T f T V T = r + TTT TTT TfT%fffZ.T T V : ^ + T , V
TTtT) ftTT \ Tft f T T , V TTT Vt ^ itit t^T TTT T i t f l f T T , T V
vr tTV55 f T l sftt f V T f T V i ! ^TTTVT VIT ft TrVT?T flTT I TT f T f T ,
T i f V VT^"5T->i f T ^ X T i V fjp^ ^^^3,^ ^ ^
( f T + TTT)
*[nft ^ jpfii* T^^w
.-. i i f v VT t T V T = i^zTT Z 11?V X (g 1 , + g T r ) r -

Z . 1 i f V - T T tv I
T ^ A I , g V V T t T V T ^ ( f Ti+gTT)xSTT TTtVtriT, ,
Iff irsr VT TPT STcIRT #3T ftft ft TTVt ^ ^ TTT ^KT TRV ft
STTiri ft 3lftT TTT TR'S ft TTVT VT TTT ^ Tt FTfT Tx ? ^ VT^TTiT
I T* TT tv
= ' ftTT I
TT VT
Itft fft t T T ) vt TTTft TT
^ J ^ - a (,o
TT VT'
S VT TTT ftTT ^ I 1 5ft TTft ?T2T ^ TTTfr STTT TTTTTT

TITTT I Tfyif TtTfT VT tTVT J fSTT ^ ToTTXre% |5TftTT | I
FTTVt Tf TTffV TT%fStT V^TT Vt T T F T T T % VIT ft TTVI^T VTTT | I
T T Tfr Tf % T T F ^ VTT Nft VT TTft Tt Sff Vf TTTFTfTlFVT ftTf I
V.T ^:^.VM ?-fM^'
VT VT \I
fVff VT VTT ft Tf Tt TfSVT ( ^ ) l ^ T VtT TTVFT VTTT
I I Tfr VTT vt 5VTf ft Tf VT T S T T VtifTTT TT T I T T F T T ft Tt
T VT TTT T f ftTTT = ^ ?TVT T i t (R^) ft tTTTTTfTT ft-

VT
? J = . T V'' ( T - 5 ) ( R ^ )
TT 5TVt Tifto (^?) % 511 VTft TT
- l | 5 J i . , , M ! - ^ ' r c )
TT vr '
5Tft TTto (ô)
% T % TTT ^ tTTTTTFT ft :
TTTV ( t+IVtSTTtV)' TVM^-Wy^

TTTVT X ?
TTtV ( ? - 5 )^ ( i + fVtsTrtV)=^
T f f ' T ' T T T T%, TTT 'Vf' TfS%?S TfT?it VTT | | To VT =
TSTT TfS%f3 I TT:
1
3ft ftgV TT ft^TT ft
( ? + 5 ^KTT tv ) = ?-ÎVt3JITtV + ^l*Vt3JITCT>

T f t STTT cfTT ftitT % I'' ft srftV TTTTTft l i t Vt # f ^ Tt
^ - ( ^ i # 5 T r t T ; ) + + 5 ' TftsnT' tv)

TT tv
= ? - 5^ IVt5l[ttV+> I ' ^ S T T ' t V - ^ + Î'vftntv -
= ? - ^ ? v t s T r t v + | i ' ( ^jvftrr'tv - ? )+ "
= ? - I V l S T T t V + | l ' (^VtsTT'tV - \ ) + ^ I ' ^ S T T t V " "
5* ft arftv TTT TTft T i t Vt # T ^ TTT ( ^ VtSTT'^tV - ? ) "
VtSTT^tV, vt tTTTTTftT ft
- - ^ t-^ ? t V + I f'vtSTT'tV
TT t v
TT I T T i f t V t T % T f VTT ft :
/ ^ ^ = / ( ? - - y I V t 5 T T t T 5 4 - | I* v t s T T ' t r ; ) \
..T= tv - R ISTTtV + 1 f'STT'^tV

TT t V T + R I^TTtV - I I'' SJTTR t V . . . ( ^ V )
TT T f t ITft I ft f f t T T?t v t 3 t f fSTT TTT Tt
tV = T Tf TTT tTT TTTT f t r t |
I T TT ft TTt (^V) % TTffft T^ ft tV % tTTT ft T Vt TTft.TT
tV=T + ? I 3TT T 1 T f Tf% ft T p r TTTT | f I ftT I ? f t i t TT^
TST ft STT T % tTTT ft ^ ( T+ I 3TT T ) TTft TT T i t (RY) VT
tr^T T f |TT
tT5x=T+^ I STT ( T - V ^ I3TT T ) - ^ I'^ SZTT ^ T
T + ^ I {sTT T VtsTT ( R I STT Tv) + ^ T T T STT R STT T |
-ll'sTT^T
T f t VtsTT ( ^ I 3TT T ) = ? , TTT STT ( I STT T ) R I STT T
..tv T + ^ I STTT * V I^jftSTTToISTTT - | l ' ^ STT =1 T
= T + ^ I STT T + R I' STT ^ T - | I^ STT ^ T
= T + ISTTT ^TT^T
.-. t V - T =. ^ I STT T + I'* STT ^ T
8} SJTT ^ i(*r+? 5 ^sinr)^ tiHmrTi % mfîsB îft%3flT
51 srvrt 15=1 "ssj v r I f f l inif*n % s r r r T?q5i fsrr 1

ip??1gqf
v x ^ - T f f ^ I T %ftsv v a r % 3T5?iR Tfitqce Tf 11 % ^ f s f t ? 5 i
f t i r t < i*fv 11; I f v t i t i f t f t i VOT ^ i^v i r f r ft f t i r 11 5ifw?
T l %?stT sser % feiT êmf T f ft I??VT itVR TTIÎV f t i r 11
T w I f % itnrr ft if-vssr % i t i f r ? ! vr i t i i T THT ^ TT i t i f i f ^
% ifi%5S f t i r 11 i t i f i t l t i i T t % %Tft ft tq'ss I f v 51 i f ? % f s %
a m i t T f%iti l i t ft i f ^ v r , T t n i f f ft I T T I T f i f i i t T - T f i l i f
ft 9ET VTft ft 1 1 ft ?51 If? tqânf f t TTITT
1??VT T l 1TT?11?1VT f 1 % % T f t f t t T S t f V T I T1T 1^1'
% f 3 ^ o % 51 f t i r 1 1 T T T I f l V T ^ 5 % T T T I ftiT I H I T 1?T
VtT i t i f T % T f arrrn fi? | TV i t i f i r f i i f ft # i t lit Wff ft
H I T 11 T i t f t TTVT i T i f f t i v t r ^ g i r l ; Ti*e^% 55iftir
11 i f t in 2TTit % ft V 5 i i r ft i t f r s f t i t i Tiffv i f f fi
mr fTivTT inft I T fi%5s i t t ifvaT%f5 % TSTT ft i f % TII VT
ft TTI ^ IT TTT ^t^^ft 51T f l i t I i t I T i t l f ^ qTTI'I'R^STT

% ^fst f t i t I fVff 1f^ TTfTT T5T % f i S T f l ' f T S I itlftTT^'
ft ITT TfTVT %qTT % 5?1 f t f t i r I r
51 a v R a r i i R T T T i f v T fs%fiti f r s p i , %ITT % i t i f T %
fS^sitl ftrSTfl ft TTTfll VTTT | I
i^'St't Wi T f
xx\ i t T f T f r var ft i t f - % f T ft ?5i i f îSt ftifi v r TTT v ^
% fTft f T I f f ^ v a r i f vt frftT ft TTift i vrtft T f fT%f5 ft sit
sftT I f f ^ IfTVit ft TclfTVtT TT TTTTfTT | I TTTiti s i t f H ft ift
ft^'Z V ^ t l f%fJT If f51 f T TtT I f VT vtitlTfIT TIT VTft
% frft f T Tfft T f TTT Tft fv 2 i t itT ift fl VSTTI aiffT f T
% f t TTTTT ft t I T l itT I f % %fsf Vt flTTft TT, ^ V f T f T
i f t i T fTTft ita^fS IT ( Ssit TtT I f V T'T V i f ft TrTfl fi%ffftT
VtT ) % TTTft % f T Vt ^tSTVT v|ft 1 IT f l f T ft f - V t T itT 1 f - F t T
STfTft spfiii; ftRl
ft tso" (^fts%fs) ft Erer ^ f%5ff ft ?5ir f f sfk i? vr vtrt-

TP^K ( Elongation ) ftJIT I TTtitT SJftfti ft ^ tTg Ttsi^fJC
11 f v i sRniff (IT, 5^) %feftftm^ tt i%fs ft ?5JT ffiiTfit
ftr ( Vf.) ft ft, T, Tftsff ft vsrr,ft,T , T^TT? vt. VOT TTT
fl f, ''ft VIT I l^f f f , TTt ^ ITTVTt VSHTt ^ TTft ft t f

ftit TTT T TfTT f ftl ftTTft ;fT?5 ft TTVT TTTt VTT ft Z.^, f T,,
VtT TTT Ssit TTft ft TTT ft TTit VSIT ft/.* % ^ , VtT T ^ T V t i t
V t i t I f T , TfTTf VT TfTVT TTT f , T VT TTcVTftV TfTVT
t I TT Z.^, T T, T f t Z.*t, T f , VT TfTt ^ T , T f , Ti%fK ft TfT
^ i i t Ttt TfTtTg Tf VT TfTt VtT TT it^%fS f3TT I Wt
ft TSTt/Tt TfTtTS f T 3ltt TfTtTJ Tf VT TfTt ftTT I TTtft
ft ? W TTVTTtT fTT f f ft ^ T TT ftT ft ?e; o qft ftt Tt ftTT 1
( 'i^ % ^ It I ftr Vo ) % T^ % tTTT Tt T, ^ " t
.-. 5ftE1%f5- t^t" - Z.f, f T, TTT Ti5TT!T= Z.Ti f i f Vftft^

A f , f T, *f f ^ Tf Vft # StET ftTT Tft ittsm ftTT I TW
Zf,S f m itai%fs fmr I fsit vt ftR sftt f f vf IS
TTft it T f t ftrFT. frit I TTT fv TTitT TTTTit i VfT | T t t g s i t
ft Tff ^ ?5TTT % frft fT TTT Tt T f t Vtft | 1 T T i t T itSTVT VT
TTTTT TTTTit T f T f F T t TTTT sitFTVT VT TTTTT Vtfe f t TfTTT
fTtT fVTT I, TTT T^ STt-q-TT ft TTTTT TT f V T I I
A f T f T % f f , ft f , T, TtSTVT 11 f T, = T f T^^VT
g f , - S s i t T f S V T TTT Z T , f T , =it5T%f? TTT | I
'fn'^N = 1 f s ' ' + 1 T, f T, X f f, X VtsTT Z T , g f,
Ttv' = + r , ' ' - ^ r , X T , vt5TT Ttsr %?s {R%)
T f t T , = f T?5 V T TTT T , T f T?T V T
A f, f T, ft, STTZg f ,T, - ^ ^TTT '

f
> ^1
i t % STT X T ,
^ STT p ^ ^
itv. ,
_ r "se a: v_ i t V STT X T ,
TffT f t ft # V STT = - ^ - ^ ^
T T fT i^V T ^ i TVTt ft itÎ V T TT^ | | ;?T! f T f T ft

% T^^T,_STr ZTi
TT, STTZT,T, T T , STT Z T i
TT TTTTfTt fTcrftT ft
^1 ^'^TZI-^TZT
''TI+T, STTZT + S T T Z f
^R'^k (ZT - Zf) _?T; (ZT - Zf)
^l^?U?+Zf) tTUZT+Zf)
K ( - Z f ) = J ^ ^ ^ U
.-. ^ M Z T Z f ) j 4 5 ' X t T U < i t 5 T VfS )
.'. ^ i t s i Vf5 - t ( Z T " Z f ) = T t 5 r V T ( ^ t t )

T % f f t ft f V t T TTT TTT TfVtT ^ST cft T ^ T r f f ft' TfVtT TTF
i t T f # i T #5T ftTT I I TT: i t i t ft it5TVT TTft VT Tft fT ftTT | I
T T ; I T V trt? fttT ^ i t v | :
ffts TfTTTTf irititT i T T l ? V?STTT TTTST:
IgTTTStrr TfTT ftfti V^STTftTT^* V T FTT^ l|
V A X - 5 ? ' ' ^ f l f t 'Rqlr-TKiVT STT^rpff % SfsSTlffT ftif V ^TVif
V 3ffeft Vt TfTlft TIT T s m f t ft i f t srft TT VTVtiFT
t r g Tft V?T I I Tf TT i t ftif V TfTtTgrft V T^TT 5?T ftTT | I
ftff I T TfT TftVT v t TRVTTTTT ft T R V T f t v i f t V TVTt ft TTTT^
I I Tt T T f f t V TTTVTT V 51 f t TTTT | I ' i l l i t (t;) T
TfTVT=;^ I JTT T + I'' ^T ^ T
STTo To Vo =.SJTT ( R ISTT T + I'^^T ^ T )
fSlfT T8SI v t t r t ftSTfT ft TSTVT TT SqTTTI ft TftT TTTT I t
53TT T V = ^ I szrr T + I"* 3TT ^ 1
TT ( SUT T V ) _ T T ( R I g 1 T - T - h l ' ' 5TT ^ T t
TTVT TTVT
= Vt33TT i v TV1=^ IVtÎTT i % 1 + I* s^pJTT^T RT%T'
. ^ T- ^ I *^TT 1 X 1 ^ . T. I^ VtSTT^ T(^T.%.T.>
* * Vt^ZTT T. V . Vt^TT T. V.
H f t t1?1TfTt ^ I >o3TT TTTTfTVT TTT v t S T t i v ^ f t = ? TTft.
aftt I'* f ftr IT Vt t l ^ i t
ir' V T = ^ T T. V . X vtsTTT X T.%.T
ft
IB2 1__ x a q r T l f t V T { R ^ )
Hft TTtVtTTTT VT T f f T TTTT ftTT t 1
Vtst V55s;ft f ^ S f f t ; f f t s r f t l T T vtVfTTft%f5 I

TTT f i t r r TflSTgft) ^TTcVtft^ TfTlfttJST ilT^ II
V . X ^ - ^ E F l f t I S T - f i ft TSTT T f t t % ^ T^TTft VT VT i t V T t '

Vtft ft T T ^ t r g r f t TT TTit I I TfSTT VT T t i TfTVT i t Tfe T1%
TfT T t V T t t f t i t f T ftit lift TcTT I f T i f t T)T % f t T t V T t ft
m a m r f t ; t T S l f t f t TTit | l T f i i f f ft TfTtTg Tft gT%fS ft
?5T> f t i t I I TT^ ^J?5T T f t f t tTgTft f t i t | I TTV fttr
T f T t T g " f t ft 5ftfTTft VT VT TtVTt TTT^TV ftTT | 1 T T t l f t TTTTit
ft T5f5!TTTT T t t TTtVtTTTT v t ^ TfT Ttif VT TVTt f S t T T | t-
T T T f t n : f T f T ft^fT VT TVTt ^ t I .
TfT t^stflf 1FT> Tt^fT itsifSxilfTST: I

T5î ftl^l ffTTq f T ^ f ? 1 V T i t : II
/
/
Mw+oi^d faft VI fr^mPfv 111 I
fo f%o TTO 3fo ^ 5tv(Ko) ( M )
51% aj^TTT.^snifir ^55 VT f l JT? I :
jfPT i f t + ssfto nft VT = WgT i f t I

i f t T f O T ^ y f t i t ! ^ 1 ^ 1 5 T 1 1 , TwriT ?ET f1T I ^ lft"5T
^ i f t ^tsnftvT y I f ? tqg Tft, ?fr i f i f t i v IT ftrtft flfft i
T ^ f l T l f t i f t V T % 51 l i f t r t T ft ftsTT % tITI ft ssftsrpT
^tftsiT V i f T ftiT 15fr i R v t m i % i ? v T f t v i f t v T %, srpTT 11
ftSFI fttftft ft 5111 If I I
VTtT TTÎt-ftfSTitefft STV%fjrfe: w f t p ftiftiT |
tl^ftsif^: tjet^ffti: $rf 1 1VT ftrtftg^ II
51% 315IR t r g l f t VT l l f V t o i ftTlifti I :
^ T f t ^ T ^ . # I ^ > C T t . % ^
TT. VT
T l 5T ITtVtft f 1 ^ T^qft- TTSTVTiT % STTT ftTTTf TTcfV | I
ftl ( Vo ) ft ft5f f , f T, ft Z f , f l ^ i - i ^ %^S I
viss^fVo Vo
Z f , f, % f s = t q %o Z f i,f:i'=^5tvT=.Tt. u. I f 1,
. - = ! P i i r f i,= i i T f t i t
Z ' f 1, ^ R = ^ ^ Z51T z f 1,1,
TrTT 'SIT ?T. % 5TT 5fft

V
T l stif V icvrftv iifi - x vt^ritq %

ITVT
V ITVT
TUT mt % + 5fV qiT = ?S;O-TV %

_TT^^_1T5fft_ ^1T5%_,^^^^^^^^^
ITVT ITVt TTVT
#sr i v T l tRft (H^) ft CTTirrft ft
P1Ttq% . _ 5 . , ^ .v.,...r>... ^Rft%

,?f3ZTRq% 4 - - - VfSTRfft 5i^vT5Trt?;
1 irvT ?rm TTV
(~ftm tq % + # 5 T T .5fft\ - ^ B ? ^ ^ m itV

TTV \ T / TTV
Vt5TT tq % + VtSTT i h )
T
f^S^f ' ' i , T, ft f fTff % f , T, qt T T TTT Ti%T> frvtrfftiT ft

T^ T = vt 'STT tq % v. I TTT T , T^Vt'SIT T
T,T, + T , T"iT, T , = ^ vf
T f i T - I g fT51T=t
TTT = TtSTTf?TVTTT T"t
T
^ ^r,^ = ^''^J^^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ' ^ ' ^ TftVT

Tf5I VT
TT?! ^ S R f t q J T - ^ TfT w t T ^ f S r f i r
:n*V Tt. %. T X Vt3TT i t V
. .TtT q)T=
Tt. V.
TVT TfT=TTT Tfr + T t V T a-

it. V.
. /^=rf=,^N ^t. % . T X V t 5 T T ^ . V.
= T To J - ( gsTTfr-T T ) w
ft. V.
5T TVTt M T ^ t H l i V ftSt WWlfd TTft V T T Tqq?T |TT I
TItVtTTTT ft IT T T ^ TqqfT % frtr T f PTTT titVTt fVTT | % Tff
0 %?S ft Tfr VT V TTTT ftTT | Tft ^5TVT vtfsSTj V TTTT TTT
0 i t t Xô'^ %f5 ft TT TfTVT V qtTcT ftTT | , TT TtstqSTVtfssur
fT3TT55T f t i t t I 5TfTlT ft-^ q^t VtftsTTTfqTT TfiqJT %
I I ftff TfrVT i t t %fS VtfSSTT VT T f TTTfT TfritT TqqfT %
ftq TTTT T T ' f T I I VTTTVt Tg ft i r V T T"i5T Vtft fl? ^ V f t VfT
I tv TtrVT Ttt %fSVtTT % fTT T ' T T sq-fg^V ( TftT?T ft fTTTTTTT
T t t TTTT ft TTT VT T ftTT ) ft VT^TT % gTtT TTcVrftV Tt^T P T
TTTT fVTT TTT |, T f t TfTVT sftt %?S v t 3?VTiTT % STtT V f T f t
TTfTT fVTT TTT | 1 ft?? VTTTVt T g ft TTtVttT T f r V T v t TTtTfTVTT
v t Tt T t i t v r t V t fTTt I I Tt TffT TTTfTT ft ffts ftTT | I TTTT %
fr^qqftr frft q t Tt T f r q i r % ^ qftTTT % frir, IT% T T T TTfT^VRV
T f 55TTTT TTT TTVt T T T sTTfTftV ^ft TTft TTtVtrTTT VT Tt
TTtfTT TT^ TCit I f t I TTtVtTTTT % TTTft Tg?TT t T T l f T T Vt f r l T
TTT t f t f r i t Tt TT5T ft TTtrfrV 3qqfT T t f T V t T% ftft I
TTritTTTtt^5ITt: TtTffT TTfqft I , '

fTÎ^Ttr JTVT^sftTffTtTtSTITttTV: II
îmm fefct sTTfq5?Brt:

V . o - I T ^Tft I fT> 3T5?t ft TTT |TT V T tfttft tTT ft f T T tft TT ffttTT
I I TTT Tt ftT % TTTT ft ^TT q t f t TT TTTT | I ft TTt qTTT.Sit
T t f t TTt fttft I I vtT i t T t f I f f fTtTTt | I 5T Jr5T VT T T t T f t
I ft S i t 3 J f T q r t T t t TfTTt I I S i t ft fTWTTT TTVTT T f ^ f t
TTTtfTtvtfTT q t f f t t l i t | I T T i f t TTtTtT TTTTT ^ Tf
I T TTTT ft T T i Vtft ft ft TT^T TTVlitT fqo? TfTru % %?S sft T t t
TTfSS f t t f I 1 T f %fa ? a i t VT f t TkTfT5| | I T t t IT T5TT VT
> VTtT STt ft fTTTTT TTVT'T TITB Vt f t TTTft ft I TTtVtTTTT ft
ftTT I FT'.
TTffSrfTi^T T f t TTT T ^ T t T f l tTTftfT ^ ^ ? T r I

TTfaft T?qTTft TTft Tft TTTfTTg; TT TTfcTT % 11
TTt^ ft T T v i T T f r ; I f r r f t TTvrgr ft ftTT f i { i r t t ) TTTT

g t f t STtT Ttft TTft q t fttTT TT T i t T ftTT | I TTtt T t t ft T T TTVTT
ft S i t V f f ftît I ftff f ^ qSTTt % TTVTT VT TpTTtT tT^T TTT f f
I T V t i t t TTVT STTT T f t TTT I IT% ftft TTTt Vt 5=T3T % T f T T ft
5rit?3T v t i t q i t I f r r f t T T V T T % T f t i t T t r ^ q VT qiT TTTVt Tfrro?
% t f t r v^ i t TTTt % r r r f t T V S f v r r i
T f T ftit T V T f TTT;T TTTT TT ft sît q;v f r r a T T t f 11 f 5 ? T
TTTTt %TT qrftT T f ft VT f t f f f t i T t i i t aiTVTift f r i t % ft%
ft I f ftra ftiT f v ^:v TWFir I f I; 3ft apiniff % <rfi f t # ^
TfTviTT VT5fV 1 1 I f It srTvritir ftpif ^ Ttf?r f t arrvi^
ftslj 5H5TfTft Hf It SWTfrg- f t mr fv aiTVît t^V arT<TV
T5PT I, 3ft jaafi-ft ft Iff | fV? tWt slTVWtl fJf ft | I TT
Tfe SSTt % TTSTTrff PnT f % f S ft T t t T f f T ftft | ; Tt TfSTT T t IT
TfT iVTt Tt TrVTTtT pTT % S T t % T ^ t f w TT% TTft %fJ ' ^ sftt
TT5T f t T f f T f f t I |Tt TS?t ft VfT TtftTT ft T TTTT TT STTVTTtT^
ftjsf SftT Sirfss f f t I I
^T^fr^^T T t t ^CQI?: ft tTg ^ ft Tf TTTT ft STTV^tT ft^T

TTVTTgif^ TfTT | I ITft S t l t ft T f i t ftrfftT ftTT ft T f TTVTT
Trtfft TTVTTtT fTTf Vt TttTt TJftTT Vt T t t T f T V t i t I I %=Tt ft
TTft TfT ( Astronomia Nova ) ^TtfTTtfTTT fftTT ft fTTT | ft :
"3TTVTT Tt TTTTtT TSTTf VT T f TTttTftV fTTTT | Tt T f f ftrft

Tft Sftt T f T VtTT I I T % T T TTTT ftf^ g^Tt fTT Tt ftTft
SîV i t I, ?Tqft T t t TTTt ftTTTTTt % vrtT TST TTft % ft^C
TfT ftft t I Tfe Tt T?Tt TfTTU^ % ftftt T ^ ft q v f T t % TTT
ft TTT-STTT V V feft TTT; Tt ftit TTft T*T5 i t r t ftnT % TTVTT
t T % TTft f t i t i Ttif T?Tt f f T V v t T t f t ^V fÊTt % TTT TT
TTTft l " T T STTVTift ftif %^ IT ftft^s TTVTT V VTt?T TT%
TTfTftV ftTTiftTT V T5T TT^TT ftTT tTTTTfiv TT 1
TTVTT v t I T fr^fTTT ft V t T t f t V T % STtT 'STTftsf?r tfttTftTTt ft
TtTTT, T f feTTfit I ft f T TttTftTTt % T T t i f v t TtTT ^ %fS ft
I sftt Tf T T ^ T f t % f^ft ftTT T f t T T VT TTTTt | \ T f TTTft
ft T T i t t T f T i t TTVTT T ^ f i Tfft | , VtTtftVTft T f t % gSTt
T T % TTTT vt TcTTT Vt t i f f T ftTT I T f T f t % fTTT ft T T t V T T v t
ftTT ftTTTftTT %c5Jt % i t T t ftTTt ft tTg ^T ft sqtB |f i t I %<^t
t T i T f ft5TTT V ^ ft ft T f t Tft TfT TT % STtT ftTffTT f t i t | I
Tfffft STTVTT % T^TfT ft TTftVTt tT>=5 TtTTT vt i t ft
"SfTVTT ftTT Tt f r r i ^ V SCTt v t sftt f F T V Vt T t f t T f T ^ |
%":Tt % T f T T t TfTfT % ftft TTVTT TcTfT TfcTTT t f T t TTT T f
T f t Vt T T vt T t t % TTTT | - l fVff %"^t VT f f e v f t IT T^T % I T T T
? ^ To
J(. ftrapti:m " 1 ^ * mwr<v 3frvTr
T ^ l f t % IfWIf^ T R * ^ V ftlJftTTftrvft^ TTftsVTffTT
ftitti" ftirFr%fe%4t%5TT5TTftf VT9g?ift|I f ^ n l r f t t n f t ^
fT^Tflr'Tftft mi^vs T> fsrn: m ft srrTft WT TRrrsffvt
TfttifRT VT ftJTT 3}k JlTftrv ftîT v ftTnT ftlT Tt s n T i Y
Jtftfelft % qf% Tf T T W TTTT Tt ft Vtf Tt ftT TTTT ft

T f t i ^ ^ TVTT I ftTTT ft TT TT TT VT SPftT ftTT aftr TT TTft %
TTTT ft fti3r ftTT T ^ I ft TTTTTT fTT^ TtTT % TftV TSTTsff ft ^
TcT # TTft f t t ^ t ft TfT ftTt |TV fTTT ft Vtf TVT ft Tft
T 5 TVt I Tf ftftftrt ft ft ff^TTT I ft TTft TT TTT 5*1 W T
ftTTTTT 1
ftftfrrt ft ft TTVTT ft STTTVTT Vt ffts ftTT i 3T% TfTTT fttft
Tt ft^ % Trti sftT TTVTT VT STTTTT Tft ft ftTT | Tft TVTT TVTTV
T ^ % TjfrV V5JTT I j f V f Tft ftJT ft f t Tit TTVTT Tf^.ftft %
VTTT ^ f r r % STTVTT VT TTTT TT TT Tft % TTTTT ftTT | I V55T:
^ f t r % STT Ttftr f r r t % STTVTT TTTTfft ftft | I ftftfrrt ft t^V
ftvft Ttft TS^ vt 3;*it ftTTT TT ^VTVT TT TT qvftvftTTf % it^
Tt 35TT ft it% TTT Tt% ft 3?TT f?VT VT Tft I f t r TT^ft T f t f f s sftT
TftTTT TTTft % srftv TTft ftTT I TT Tf? Tt% Vt OTT ^ sftT
^fVITr TTftT Tt- T f ^ - i t t f m ftVT T f t T TTTTItT TT ft i f t vt
sftT-ftTTT 3TTTT VTTT 1 Tft TZ^ VT f VTT VT VT ftTT TTTT i t itTT
TTit Wsirft ft VT fTTTT VTTT TT TtT i f t fTTft "t T T ^ i T ff^
VT f r i t i t , sftr Tft Ts^ vt s f t ^ f r r ftTft ft T T T TTTT T T T i t
ftTT ftTT sftr T Ttft TT ft f f S f t f t i t \ f V f T|T ^ TV T f TTTT
Tft ft srft T?TT TTTT TfTT 1 ftft ftftfrit % f t ^ i f ft Tf T^T
TTTT fSTT ft Tfr Vtf fTT t f T T ftrft ft T f T ^ ft Tt Tf TTTT Tft
% ftTT fVtft TVftS % T^TT TTTTT t Tf Tft TTTT TTT ftTT TTTft %
ftT?TT Tft TTTT TTft TTVTT ft ftT'TT TSTT TTT |
TTfT ^ T TTTTTTT IT TVTT VT T i f t TTfTT t Wtft TtTT, T?:^
% TTT S i t % Tt^TT % VTTT ftTT ft ft TTTTT I ftftfTTt ft Tf
THVT H W SrfinTfT fTTT, 1 ^ TT^ft T?VS ffesftBTT V
TftTTiPP 11 3n?r TTVT fTJT ft Itft ftraTfT VT STftWT m. %5R %
fftTT Sft T"l<T% V% S t f ^ vt Tf 3Tft T5TTT TITIT WST ft ^
TTft T f i TJTftr fTTT it 5Tt TST Vt sNtVTt f%TI | I TTTTT
Tf? fopiS TT fvit T 5 T TT VT T T T T T ft Tt T f T T T T TfT ft T T T ^ T
ft TfeftT tm \ fvit IT ITJitT * T T T T ft ftfT VT T T T T TFT ft T T T '
\W ft T T T TTTfiTV TfT ( Inertia ) V TTT ft TftrS | I
ftfrJTit VT TTTSTIT TfTfT % VTTT TT yiTTT qV f ^ ?fgVtT
TTfT V ^ I I %'WT ft fl^ffl ft TTTf^ % f r q i^V i T f V ( TTVT
%ft TT% ) TT ifSt V?<TTT ^ Tt 1 Tf T T TTTT5TV ft Tit i t , f i t f v Tf
fTTT ft %TT TTTI^TV T I T ( T T T T T )- tTTT ft TfTTfT ftTT TT !
T f % 3;TT TT %TT TTl5t Tfft ft fTSlTTTTf Vt f t TTTT TVTT | 1
T T T ^ TfftfeTT ft ^STTfT % frft T f T T TTtTfTV VTTT Tft ft TVTT I
fVf ( Inertia ) VT fTST?T ft TfTfT T^T TTVTT % ftTT
Tf J:T?T Vt TT55 TT ft TTWift * frft T^TT ft TVT I
T ^ TTlft Tft fTVft T2t TtT itft % TitT ft iTft Tf fftg fVTT TT '
fv 3;TT ft gfVTT fTT TTT Tf?r#T TIT*T tTTT ft fTTit fTt T T VTTI
IT ?,V,!.,?S TTf? % TTTTTlit f t i t I fVT TSt % igVTT % VtT %
T T T K TTTT VT% T f 5T fT^VT TT TfTT fv g5Vft T T T^t f T T t f T f T
TJ:| fJT fTt TTt^T tTTT ft VTT*. Tif? f i t f t i t | I TTt^
T T T , f s i t r , gitr, T f T ftvjifft TTVT TTT V T T : U , ^ v , t Y v , ^ U
IT TTTfwr % TTTTT TT^TTTTTT TT5?t Tqt % T T % TTTTT
n,^Y TTfT TTTfsTit Vt T T T T TTTVT ff^- VT TTT Tfdft^T vte

fTTtfTT fVTT TTT I iT% T? fT^VT fTVTT ft TTVTT ft f T T Vt TtT
TTTtffT f w VT *T S f t ft%r^^^ T T ft TfTT \ \ TTtg[ SITT
ft%T % T ? T ft^ ^ iSte f T ^ I f t T % T T ft ^Y f>te ?flT^ ft^T % T^T
ft \\ ftZ TTft rT, T T n i f t fTT VT ftTT t t T T Tft ft%T % ftir
"ft" TTT fRTIVTT % ftT ff^ Vt " T " VfT TTT i t " V l " f ? T VTT ft
ftT VT TTT " T X VT" % f5T ftTT I
TSt % f T ft l i t vt Tf?T TT V ^ I TTtfv ITft SflfT TT TfT TITT
TTT t I T T - T i t T T ft ftTTT T ^ Vt TtfT % 5TTI fvit it i%T %
TfT ft f T tTTT T TTT VT TTT TTTTT ^ T ' V TRT TT TVTT t I Tff
TfT Vt snft T T " n i * ' v t 3rf?T T T TTT " T " V> T ? ( Nomber o f -
t u r m ) TTTft'Tt r ^
HTTT = ^ ( TTf? + TfcT ) X T? t ITft Ttf? = > )

..cRfT=i( o+T. T. ) T ^ T (^?)
T f r T T îfTT T T T T VT T T |TT I ITft Tf? ' ft" VT TTT ':?V f f

TTT = I T ftTT )
.-. T T T = T ( )
ITft T f I f v VTT fs IVTf ft fTTTT TTT ftTT | TTft fTT

TTVTT ftTT I I
f T (V^) (Y)ft "T"VT TTT TfTft%OS | 1 Tf f T T Tt

T T T TTTT T f t ftTT fTTT^ tTT T t ITVT TTT \R.o%\ TTT t5T_Tt T t
"^S aftft%T ftTT I I TtT % TSlfit ft TfTTT |r ITVT TTT
TTTT TTTT f I TTffTV TTtT T t V T t ft t i f f T v t TftTTTT T t s t
ft Vt2 T t s t % 5?tr ftTT I 1 TTft 55STTf % TTTf Vt *?t2t TTf?
ft f t 3TT! fVTT TTiTT \ TT f T TTTTft fV fT2T ft % T t % fTTTf T t t
ftfririff % I T TTf<TT TTVTT T^T?Tt TTTfsTTf % STTT fVT TVTt T T V T T
fT3TfT T t t friTf v f TfT V fTTftt VT TTfT^VT^ fVTT I
rMm fTTTT ?^rTT
Tf?Tr fTTtf v f T f t T T VtTT | I T T ^ TfT V tn^T^T ft fti%-

f W f % TfTTTT STtT 5TT5T TTfTTfrogf % TTVTT % fT^STfT ft TTT^T
vf fTST ft TTTT % STTT ftrs fVTT i t T I T tTTT ft T % T T TTfTT f V f f
T f T TitsitT fq^ff ft TfTTf % ITTT ft Tf t^V f t fTTT VT S[fTTT?T
ftTT I T f S r i r % TTTffTT fT2T fl TTTT fT^T TVTT ft ^ \
V5TTT VT f v f T T ( V ? ) ft T T T fTTVTT T f S T T ^ VSTT | 1 f

.2STfTg% %fSft | | T T f S ftfT % 3;TTSit% TTVi^T ^ f?Tr
f % f S v f TtT I I ift TfSTV T T V f ^ | | TTT T Tf sfTf T v f TfT
fTTTTT ? T ft, tTT ^TT T?t TtT | | ift tTlftV T T V f ^ t,
3JT ftfTfTrf % TfT fTTTT TtTffTfTTT V T f T T t T f S :fTTT fs TFT
i . T t^T ft fT^FT ft f t i t , I TTT T fV Tf?TT t?V ft%T ft 3fTit
TfT f?^T ft T t f ? T TTT T t t T i t ft%T ft S ^ i t TfJtfTTT Vf
T T % 55T TTft %fS v f T t t T t T ?*t I TT ?:Tf VT TTVTT TTT ftft %
vrt<n ^ % T*mr!srt I f f T v ftwrgsfrt I ' s i r v f nft 4 f i ? ! %
T f ^ i r v f Tf?r i 1 VT ^ T T ** f f n f i T f t i r r s-??vft%<i? ft f t i f t l i V i
5; ^
V arrviT M T vr *rrT Ttft 11 ^ T T aftt T T T TtTt TTvtT frf Tf v.
TTrTfT?lftftTT-4ll--5:^ ,
T T ^ TT
' 9 ^ T = - i ^ a arrVTT i^;TTT(Acceleiation) (^v)
Tfft VfT TT ivf I fv VTT vt T f T T IVft ft ftTTT TTT ^ | TTft

fTT TTVTT ( ?TtT ) ftTT t I fTftft TTto (YC) ft T T^/ ft TTVTT VT
TTT |TT I T T TnrVtgT ft ^V ftv"? ft TTf TJft T'STT vt T f t | Tt
^ ^ . " ^ ^ V g?T I, 5Tft "VT" VT TTT ^ X ^ Y X H o o ftvT |

VT (TVI)
ft^T^KVaT o*4i*(f5 ^ c W o o ftviituf<1<aa^^ôoooo T f t 5J T a T
T T T Tt T i t v t T v t T t T Vtft TT T ? . o ^ ft'TtTtSt SfclQ^^'*'!
TT; ft T'KVSIT V^ TTWr^ ^ TTT ^ Tt 13rTp.R % ftit srft%, \
f - a r r i r a ' %\ô fv. fi". t aftt fffnr itnH ft swffe ^.c ft2t arRr-
ftvo? I I %m T T ft fTTVt TfS V5tT3TTTT3 V TT ft TTI ^ "TT
( ^ ^ x v T l r o ^^^^^ .
TfSTT v f srfTftVT T f ftr i f e , Tfe T f ?wft V^TTV^T ft T?qT f t T>

TfSTT VT TTtTfeV ftT TTfTT TTVTT V VTtT T?TT ftT VT TTT^V | [
TTfft o,R<aX T t t .R\96 IT TtTt i^TTsff ft TTTT 3T?Tf3 TTT | 1 Tfe
f T TfSV?ar V> 5fV ITTVTT TTft I TTft Tfr' fTTVTt TITft TTft | 1
IT TftfnlT V TfTTT fa<s5 Tt VT T i t ( fIcT ) aftt ^STT TfT
T Ttif ff C[V f t TTVTT TT V VTtT T?TT ftft t I T f T fTTV STTT
STt TTJof TTTTf' Vt aiTft Vf? ^ artt T f T i t | I ft TTTT v f f ' f
V TT VT fTTtT^T ft TTTfTTTf t I iTfTT S i t Vl f^?T T f T551
fTTV SRT %<l^ TT fToif Vt "TfTcfV | I
fT2T ft T f TftTTT V B T V TfTft TTTffT fttT'Tf ft f t ftVTTT
TT I ITfTT Tfft f T WtTIT V " ^ T % ftSI'Sf |ft TtfT Vt TTV aif-
Tltt ?T5T V TfT T*TTf t^ ftTTf ift TtfT Vtft 1 TT fvt 5T2T *
STTT TTT TfT fT3FTf V aflTTt Tt ^ TTf V T t V i f t f fTTTf Vt 3T-
Tftl Tt TtfT Vtft \ # ^ t V i t T fTTT T | :
I. TTT ftTT TTt T f f T V TTtt aftt '^Tct ai^ VTTT
TT % i t T fTTVTt VTT TTT& | f T T ^ t^V TtfT ft f T ftTT | I
X-R?^. fsift fTTT : T ? TTft ift'f^KVTt fWT T T ^ S ftT*
apTft T^TVif # TTTT VIT ft TTTT tTVT arUFTT VtTT 11
X - ^ ^ f i f t fftTT f%*ff it T f f * SfTt^f ( T r t # ) VTT %
ft i t TTTfT I Tft f T ft TWFT f f t l f % TTf ( Cubes ) if ^
fiRET ^ #55lt % aftt feftr f%3fP3ff ft T f SflflftRT Vtft V

ftl? TTT TTTTT ft Tf, ^ IT STtT ftrfsTT ftVT T8 tfT t # T% TTT
mftz ft ftqr ft i f t T VtTT I aftT TT % Tf Vf ftt V TT f f f t ^
1ST % f I t f U d f fftT 11 ' ^ T ^ ^ ' W t if ^ffiJ f5|T)f l ^ ^ t f t !tft #
f^^lff ^df <llWf W i M V V T*TT i v w STVrt f, fSril^ T f f^RT-
sTTit arrfîf^RBW f f w f t r fWr n f ^ f ft trvr, ftf^ 8T?r
^'^trnjafflt Tf?w i f f i T T v ift f?ift w f t ftiT ^ aiTTvrT
ftit ftm^ \ Tvii ff ift i*i?it ?ipr f ift ftn n*IIT
TTI $ ITT Tftr3 I I
vô s m ftiw:vtt i i - ftn IT i t fttri t ftift t fftr |
TTTTTtT ^TT it T i n i f t t T f t i f t fftt |, TT TV ft ift i f t l T T V
ftft T V 351T ftfit ir?tv TW VT 51T1 T I* I
SI ^ t feift ftri :ftos ft i f t i f t l T T (cltT) i t i V ftlTI TT^ft
TTft)T5! VT ITTfTTit ftlT | i t t 131? IT ft fkm ft i t i t tTT ft apTTT
t l H I f i VtIT I I
K"?^ g i f t ftlT:--TcftV fWPiTT ft TTV 551 ft ftrttT TftftlT ftiV
I TTIT i t ft^f ft qttrt TTVTT TTT 551 Ttt ftltft ^TT ft
fftT 11
flST V ftift ftSTfl ^ TfTTt ftit ftT VT (?TtT) '?T'

TTV-am 1 I ( T ) V T Ttt ftltftvrt T T V Ffft "IT''VT
TTTfTTcft ftiT .1^ I TTt?[ '
c1 - ^ {\X)
Tft TTTfit ft i t i f ftn i f S r T f t i i t v iraft v Tff Trft^ ft

Ttt S f i T T It V fqif t ifnf % T111 V ftft T W t f 1ft>ft?5
ST2T ft 5?|TitTti f r u i t s i f t f t f t V fti;st3?B ftiT T \ t 5 ^
iff ft ^ # 1 fTT Tfft 3fft fftlTf V ftiT ft f5e# T l f t l
STST ft fT*TTf|^ V T t I ^ 1^ TV fT ^ T ? p v M"*f f^lBir ft

T'ft 3WTT f l ift ffft^ ?"ft % ^ vf If SEW ( TTTOI ) ft^ t iffefwft
i?ls TTVTT TftR ^ft 'ap^ T l i t Tiitr vsaiaif ft ftn ^ ft
TT*" jt^ % 11 v t ft T T i f n i t f f t i t I TT Tfr ^ ft fvsft ft
vw f i t % T i % ^ % T^^f qft i t ^ v t tRf vt^ It TtiV^ i t u i T P F I T
U r # 5^ T ^ VffiTT if TTTT tTTT 3T T U f % STt ffelTitW IP VT
^^yo fIT ftir, TIT T T ^ i f t t 1 SI ft e-^9o X f^Va ftfro.\
* srffr ftv* fWt" I T f i irfSpr fiwf ift itHr i f m f # f l s ift
Tft ^ T l f T Îff^ Tl%^ f ^ Vf flTT I ^ T l l f %
f ^ i t V i l V f 1W Pr TUft IHST i l | fffT TT VT f t i r ^ Hflft ftlff^
,%if VT frtV I t^v i t 5^?srrviw i % vrtq fix sitTjawf
vt i f i v t fnf^T vtft i f t 15J % VTTI 1 |i^ Tsif ft
ftf? f i T qr v f t i t ftt^ fqiiif v t ftiffe it^t i f t |

sTfii ito % f t ^ 11 ftff I f i T v i i 151 gft i f j i r vt srqit
VaT ft ftrftri ftft I, I f Tft I T I ftft ^ qx ITT IT f i c l Vfft |
ftff s i t I t TTOf VT T T v i i 3r?i5i V I ftir | \ n t V T t i stft
q f t w r i ft TftOT ft TTit 1 1
n v T T f t ^ n fivivT it i%i frîTl f v f i % i T t t itt
TTft i f t f f l fV S^Tt TTf? T i t Tf TTT T ^ T fftqft T f t ft TTftTT
Vtft TTft 51% TâiT IT TqTf i t t i T t Tft iFtVIT Vtft TTTT TfsflT ft
T i t iTJTTT ft^TSTTlt TTVTT T?T ft | I l i t I f ^tt iqif Tlit
Tftrf v t i^v ^ft I S STtT srra vtft | i t T T % q f t v T i v PTT % %fs v t
ftTT ft fJSTTitr ftir 1 1 I f I T I T ftif v t 5 T srvTt irfg vtir |
ft ft Tqft qftvnv % %?a ft Tqit f t t % I T % iir^qrift^fti ftft
i f t i t T ftft 11 ft qftvriv fft'i T T V T T n t |ftrfti T ^ I T i t r f t
ftit v t TTit Ttt Ttift I \ iTcqi I f I ft l i t ( sartr ) ftn p e l -
TTsit 11 T T : Tf tmrftv T i t T ftir | ft ff i t T f^ T f t f V f T ft
it p e l v t TTtT vtft 1T% I J
5THST % f i f t fTTT ft Tf T i l l ftlT t ft TTVIT TTttrftv 11 |
T T : i f e tii g i Iff v t arqit itt T t i i r | i t i f i t tri g i v t Tqit
T t t ^ T t ^ I I ift salt TfJIT Vt T l i t Ttt TTf? V t i t | i t TfJIT i t
S i t vt TtTTT I I T U T Tft ITflT fTîf Vt Tqit Ttt Tf l i t t i t
TTfti ftiS ?fl- " t l i Si!ff .ipt TTfg Vt% I \ ftsVT Tf | ft TTVTT
T f f t VT TTfftV I T I Tf %1T Tltsfft ftaif TV ft t f t f t l Tft | |
ftff TTTTfT ^ ft T i t SSBfti ftif ft i t t l i t v i t ft T T T t ft 51*f
TTT I, it qtm TTVTT % ftt? fVTTTft tfft | I TT: TST I f | ft
TTTt TttTtrvif fqoif v f f t t i s i t l itirvr iri I ? I T | aftt
T l f t t 1?it I i t I f TZTT I I ftt i f 151 TSTT | ft If v t l i t Ttf
I Tt IT % TTI v t i f t l f l T V t i t I I
f i 2 i ft T?i?i T t n r ft ^ frsftir| ft TTVIT v r i w fftoi ^
T f f t VT V r i I I i t ft^T ft TIT TTVTT 1 3ft< Bt% ftu ft StST
TTVTT I T ftTT 1 1 VTT: .TST T<m t* fqS Vt Tfi f t VT sm?1 VW
11 VT ftift ftn Tf TcTWTTT I ft Nfft (^Wt.'n)^W='
fftT I m i l T TT 3T*ft *rr PIT ft i f ft 11 sîV T i t ftit vt

TT ;, >,
ito ST(5 ftVT % cTTT ft ft TTf g V t i t I T f ftftftif % T i f t It
frS ft I I T T TF? ?TtT (Acceleration) TtT T Fv T i t T?[Tift TTTTI
VT cTtT ftrt TT q;v ? T VT I Tt fT2T % ftift FTTT It Fvit F q T T t
ftTT^W TT ftTT ft i f f t VT TTTfTTit ftTT i t aftt TTVT ^ T TTTT
f f t ftw vt i f f t ft T 5 T % i t f t i t I 5TVt f T t Tsif ft i f T t f T
fVTT TT TVTT | ft Sît % STtT SsrtT f r r f % 3TTVTT TT TTtt
( 5î^ ) STtT FTTtFtT ft"? TT T ^ | Tt TT Ssjff % pTJif ft TTTTTT
* TTT5TTit ftft I T T : TfVTT T pToif Vt TfFTif VT TTIfTTit ftTT
t \ TSTftT % fri? Tft V W aftt T i t T ftff ft aftt TTvt i f ftrt
( Masses ) VTT: V^. T ^ Ttt T | i t V f i r T Ttt T frost vt TTVt
T f ftTt % TTTfTTit arTViT V STtT Tt%TT I
/ Tg{ V T ) _ T T T _ ^T
TT ( V T ) " T TT T^.
FV?5 fT2T VT fTtr Tft ftTT V fTT | ft Vtl. f ^ T TT fT^ Tm Vt

TTfS VtTT I 1 Tt Tf t r i i t fTT STtT T i t TT ft i T f g ftTT | I
5TV TfTTt W Ttt T fTT i t V FTT Vt T T ( V T ) Ttt T T ( V T )
* f 5T Tif V Sttr TTfg Vtft, Tt TTV Fqnif ft TfFTif V TTTf TTit
f f t I TT: TTVTT VTT TTVTV fftoif vt T f ftif V TTTf TTTt ft^ | \
TTtTT ft' friif V f i t TttTtTVTT V_^ VTtT T S V TTft f T ^ T TfTTTft
f5?TTVTT fTTT Vt STfTTTftT V t TV I V
f W VTTcftv VT?ftv Tft^jrr T f t ^ V ^ T S V STtT Tt T f T f t
^ ft i t v i f vt T f f r i f v ( f T T V T ) frrttT; ^fiT ft TTift TTttrftv
f f t i f V Tif * TTTfTTit ftft t I TftT ft TTTT ft ?.ft i f STtB V t T 1 ^
11 Tfr i t safft arTTif vt i f FTT! V T T : TT*, Ttt TT^- ajtt TTvt %{ %
ft i t TTVTT * - T T VT f T FifTTFiT frrr V
I T i f f Tf f1?TTVTT V T . f w t F S l Tt swft Ttj>^ "its TFT It.

arTTTA's jft.p sr ft* srft fto 11 iTvt i f ftîftli
v/ft'-V"? ito/ft*
T f t i R V i>ft I f i t i t f i i5t qftvrr vtft |; f%t gsrv ftft i t i t t
^ i f v i T vr 1^mwn ftro^ srra ftir Ttft? i trw* iwftf i r i t
iff vt ariit V53T t f i i f t n t T i r 11 n v fbft sit vr i t t rfta?rr
ftn, f i ft 2 i t vt fjtt ( ' ' f ) i t t tftft*i ^ i f f t VT IFT
sfftir 3Tn5iv 11 t?v i t t l i ft ^^x-^s^.^^^ fti frft | i
:!^.-Rv^^^x?^voo = ^-t^x to^ftvnreiviitt l i
f i ft S f t iff 5^ ( r v t ; ^ ) X to'^''ifst
f f fftr v T s a i n m - r ^ c X ? o 3 f t ! f t ? i n - i r , sîtvrWTtr=>F
ssif qt f i t srtr antffqi vstfriT^t I T , l i t . % srtr
w
5^?iTviT V ftiiTfirt f f i t t sit v *rir a r r m ir

_ i.xirxi , ,
^ ('s)
(v) i t t (T) l i f t t i t vt T U T ft
1X1'' IT. XT
T " r*
irft 1* = i?!it iff qV % V ^ i f t VT 11
,i'^y_ v^'^W
' " ir (#.i.^pxiT
(G ^(^WtM^'x(vv*;<ixte''*)3
^ v x ^ r v y ^ x ^ t W x f v t ; ^ x to'*
Cl-f^jKmxr^TX?***
- ^ . ^ V l B X ? o " ftolrtfet
T l : VTt ft ftrft 1?ftv ift Tfft;^ t in ft 3ftt fl^ t ^BfteK fT
(51ft) TTViT vr I T %.%Xt; X ? ITlft' (Dyne) ftlT t
?. ?*oo f%at^nT"*ltv^nv ^ f Tftir
1T51 TT # ? f i t 1 1 T * "îrqitTTtanTtlrTnrift
ffttii
fflfll V{ ft*l^
ftarfi lftwJPPTT ftiT n"Tf trtw #r % m ^ arwm j p f t t r v ' f r

11 ariffftv m ft ft f m i s i i m aftt T s t T f e r v i anrf?
iftlT. '^Jrfturailf ft gtWT ftft TTft t 5tt TTTTfT TftTTt % ftf? v i ^ T f f t
I I a^fF ft apftt 5?TV fTffTftTTT (Principia) ft ? ? t TTTqftT ft f f ^ T
ft Irt % TTTTTfTt T f f T % anTTT TT TcT^T TtTTiT Ttft ft ftTT TT I
TTTmT T f t T TTTft TTTt ft ffTTT % ftq 3 ? ! T f t T f f T ftlT TTTT | I
5tW srJtT
X-V? f v f t ftTT TTTT (TtTTT) ft ftTT fttft ftTT ftTT TT % %f5 ft

Tift fftOT % v f f gTTT Ttft I^TT TTTT ft snUTTfT ^TTJT TT VTT ^
TTTfTTit ftft I f T i t f v ft T?TT ftft | |
95
fTT
TTTftrTPT T fTT (V^)ft f, Pp^t TT V ftTT | afiT T'
tpi TT I 3 T *W % TTVTT # fTTTTT ft | I Tfft fT Tf TTT T
(V Tf WW TT TfT| Ift?5fTTTT TJSTT VTft TTTT Tft

If V ffpT ^ TW Jf ff, Tj fTfSff TT TfT ^ I TfT A V VTT"
VT ftr ft it VT, V ^ aftT VTj % ' TST il TTVTT TT V f T TT
ftTT^ftr ftiT T^ V , TtT V a % TKT ( fTTft ft ITftrPiftTTft |)
T fTT ITJTTT (ftSTTTT) ft ftTft if tltr if WTTT ^ ft TTT'
V t^T arft T T i f t Vt ? 1 1 , % a m V t t I ^fm, AVT VTWft1 ,
ftt ft. AVT' 151 t^, T l T PJT 1 ,ft?|ITT f f t n i f t H ftff T t
vtf 155 ftTTitT T ft it I f ftt^lt 1, 1, i t a ft Itfl" 1o i f t ft
^5!?rT t | i n 111, i , = i , v ftTT I ftff i f t T i i i T t 11 ftii i v r , m
ft i , f t f | I t ftiT 11 ft5ii ft I f t^vftirifti?5 STtT arrfg fftr artt
I f 155 ftJ5 vt 1, f vt ftTT ft T I I I T i t t 1^ V ^ T T V ITI i f t I ' i f t i
TiTiTfit I f f itl ift V srtr ftTfti ftir i ftff I T ft 5nr?TftV ftir-
ftmt Tm ft Tvtir^ ftti vît, ftift ft Tm vt i^v T T i f t ' v , / i ,
f ^ f e T T f t ITCI ftit i t t ftt (TTT1VTT ft TITI f t ? 1 ITTt) T t T
^TTclvfrit; ftf^TITlvt fSTT I I T ftl f i T ffft I 5 1 TVTt VT^
T t t VTaSait V 1 T ft 1 vt ift ( l . ) V T , , 1:iV ift ftTT ft Ttt ( i j )
. vr 1, f ift fsTTftf i i f t i ftir i i f t i ftn v i r i i f tftT T T T ftir
i i I f AVT VTTftT ^ V , f51 ft T T T T I ftf T l I f 1,(l,T) i f t ft
155 tfT I arr: 51 VTTTlft ft I f 1,T f?1 f t t f t iftlT | ftff 51
itif iftif vt iftrrit i f t v vrtT i ftn i ^ T3 vr v T T I i i f
V nriTfit T f f T , ftrvt i^ v aftt 1, T f T T I t vr^ V T J V T T V
T T if 1g ftjf T t TfftlT I
TT 1,j I3 V T ft5TT f t T i t T U T ft TITT ftT?! 1, V Ttt I3 T

t I T f ftfT 1, f 1? VT H I T I Iftiftftftn1 VT, aftt VT^ V
TBI ft T T T 11 T l f V vt ftTTT i t A 1, f 1^ i t tUVT a A i , f V
^TVT I T T T A I , f V Vl -a A T , f I3 ^tl^ \
.'. A 1, f 1, elTT>a=a 1 I3 dTT><!5 I
' 5Tft VT f s i l T ftn T?TT garr I
ogcsBTUT fSrew ^ i=?|a:T fRT i T i f T i

%Tt VT T T T ftn T f I ft i f f ift VOTT stT ftrrvft I 1 ftff ft
vsari f T % ftveii 11 T t s i r % frft i f f f i ^ i f s i v z IT i n Tft
ftivr f'Z f i 11 3TT T T T T ft Tf % -sriT 1 1 VT anrs* ft | itt
^TTvrt varftarnr* (TiT5f%) VTT 'vr' 11 fft TTT |ft^^nvrt n
I t T i n i f t ft T i f t ir?r Fvit fTtvT ^ f s n f i f T ? i t T . (^TTCIV
) ^ TTTT ^" ^ f51 ftir I ITl Ff^SH ft ftTTtTltl
I f T t arfT%?5 T T F T ^ T F T F T I ftir 1
Ift 1 Ifft"? VT 531111 I fift ^fSTflfW I T Vf %15J f l aftt 1^
% VT1 % 5<T if aqg; vtft % fsft '121 ft ^-^t % f i f i fell ^ = 1"
afUr VT'' VT i r i f l vt lifvtl 3 i T = ? ^ ft VT* % tiTT

I VT
qt _ t ' ^ qt lifvtT VT ti^T fam

1
Vre'lXlxfl VTt'll
^T C^'^)
5lft VSTflST STTVIT % ^ f l 3 ft H f fv arFlV?5155 Tf V S s i -

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%1T f T % 5Ttr ft Tft TTW2 ftiT TcfT i t t qftlTt ^ l i t fqost VT
TTVTT T1*t Tft vt TTTftl VtTT | \ T f T ftJlf Tt 55T fqrf VT TTV-
i l 3rraFi3!isvt f t i r I, f u f 51 T f i I f i fi8T vr I T T ? i f t v srm'T
T i ^ f i t T i T Twr f w f i i f ft a r f ^ a ^ 11TI iiftiii5tiTtt
firtt s ^ i t % 1* f f e i t T t i i v V iTVRfti f F r f n f apifti iW3i f t i t
11 ^ i f i T vt ' f i m i T f i r ' ft i?q5i i i i i v f r i n r 11 1151
fTTsrift f v i f i i T T f v i i v r t 3?tTJi ftft | artT: i f % i t i i ^ t i T I -
VTif- (%fs ^ f i ? ariir qtiifsrvT ft i i r s r f t i i T % H I T % i r i
I f var % H I T % srriwT ( ^ v r i T U T m 5rt) ft f i i i v r f t v artt
itivrfrv ( ftiTT) PpT JTVTt 3fq?T vtft f 1
fi5i % ftsiarrit arrviT f r s r ' i f t i f i f i v r VTTT | i f i f ft

iinr TT ivr 11 vrsr: an-vriti Priif % q ^ f i t r v i T ft f t i f f ft
arftvir i f i i f T?qfT f t i t 11 f i t % VTTT i f f v t v a r i t % .m^s
fT?i-f5fPi TTTTf ft ftnn I n r TTi?t v a r i t t i t ^ i l ' s i tiri
(Apseline) i t I T | i i t t I f VTTaff % H l i f % gTH VTÎIT % H -
i r f ^ l^fT t T T i (TTI ImS) i t T T i t t f i t 11 i r t i t i TTTTI i t i f
TTlft ft f v ^ 1 i t t q r i f v t q f i v r v r r T i f f VT i r v i i ft f i g i
flSTSI ft fTTr I f v 'VTT v t T?5q- f f r i t i f f % T'ST i t t TTit * ift-
VTT ^ q ft i f f ^ n f i Tr v r t i f t i t | i t t ft i f i r i t f ^ i ( T T V I T ^
t f i t ) ft 1 3 f t l J t irffft aftt TTT v t aftt ft c[i aftt qfSTT v t aftt T t ^
TTct I Tft
3T?51^T: VT55f1 f T i t TITTfTTT: I

sitSTIsitETqTTT^ IfTf i f f t f T T : U \\\
TSTT t f T l f l i s T f t : TfTltqrfTfT: I
TTV q5Trsqf<sT5% T i r i s i f r r f t s ^ f T i n ^ 11
(foftfofqsjT f i v r t )
fT frsTfivrt vr Tf T f r i r r | f v i f i r a t t s i (TTVTTV t f i t
ft i ^ f q f t SSft % TTtt Ttt i f l ^ T I I i f T I f T T v i T t ? ! T t f it
TfSTT TTft I f gait f[ q f t v i r ift f t i f t V t f t Tft flf^STTT (sTTfl)
ft t f t l i f ft i i r |TT q?Tt v r VTI \ i t Tfift TTTI t t i f v T T V I T %
, VTtT f t T i v t T i m r I, f v f f q v t f i t % T^TT % ssft f t nvtsrt
i r i v t w i f ft^r ft i t i t t T r ft a r c i ^ i ftr ft TTTTT | i T^SIT i t ft i t
i i t v r TTVTT f v i t Ear f s TTT i t i f T q i t v a r v t f q i t T T v t fsTT
ft ^ v ift f t ftr ft i r f t r r Tft t f i t s i qt fTf^siTT v r q ^ i t [
JTfnft i > T ^ ^ f t ^
HT2T IT? fftiT TtcT ft f"P I f fjf % =1Trf sfrt TJP^ I, 3[T aftt
*TTn f i f T f t TTft I T f T PTTf % TTT T f f T f f t ^ T TT T f r f t frft fTltf
T f T f f t g r ftrsTfTvrt ; ? ^ r Trrf i f t T T V T T TPT v t TTTT ^ ft I TTT
TftT ft Sltrft VT TTrtfT I r f f T T T ^ tfftt ^ T T f t | I T I T f T T t TTTTT

i s i t Vt f t r t TTTft % T t f VT T T t T V t T% ftft Tt T t t TJtTTt %
T R T f r V T'fTT v t TftTTT % T T T T T T VtTtfftVT % T T % ft f t | T ftft I
Tft fl %fg=^fT VT fT^T Tf% TTTTT TT f V T | , T T T f TTTTft

f v T t T f T t r VST ft TfVaraff V TTTTf VT VTf^T ^ T V TtTTT V TTT
^VTT (TtT^t) fVT ^ 1 ft fTTTTT t I i t t TftTTt V T i t T f t V VOTTf
fl TTIT ft g r TTTTTT | I f r f r r T T V TTTTt fi ^ T (T^TTT) tTTT
^ T T W f t f T V f ? ft f t v t TTTit f T ? t fTfTfFvT TTT ft TTJTT fVTT

TTTT I I
fTT 5?
fTT ?) ft V T T T VTffT f T VT TTT3 TTT T 3 T T T f V83T

TTTT I I TT f TT t r r T>ff TTTTt V t ftST tTT t , i t f f T %fS ft f t V t
TTit I TT i t t TT* TTT FT?? ^ TTT A9 TT T Z . V TT T T TT T i t t
Z T TT B ft i t i f T T T ^ % TVTT T T l t v t T TT T t T T t | ^ f f f t i t
TTVtrT T t T T t i t t TTT % TtTtrf STtT TfVST % T T T T ft STf^T
% TUBT T T T T T T t ft faWT it T f * f ^ i T fft*rfft3I ft T T i t t \
TftTT T<TVTV Tff ! ^ f T %ffJHl TOT % TflVsTf T I T TT% TTTf %
Ttlftf ft T?TT I I TT f TT' Tif sftT Tf TSTTTT arfftTtT % TTTSf
iff TfT tTT I 3?\T TT TT' ft i f t f ff TTtt aftT Tfgift TTT t I f f t TTTf
ft Z V TT T % 55ir Tf sPTffTTT ft T^TT TT T f ^ T TfTTTT fTt TT ftTT
I I T T T*' ^TT TTffTTT % TT Tt fT^fTf Tt fftTTTt | Tff TT TT %
ftftTT FTT TTT TTTTT ftft | l ftTT?TfTTT fapT TT T T 5 T T^TTT TtT
TTTT TTTTT Tfft | I f T i t Tlftr ftTTfT^T ft f T FTT^ TtTTT fT ftTT |
^ft fTTlffT Tfft I I f T iff Tlf^T TT ftTTT f i t fTfT ft ftTT | Tf
anft TTITT TiftTT I 3ITTTT ft f i t fTf|ft TTTTfT ft Tff% Ttrtif Tt TTTT
Tt TTTt I 1 Tfifsif aftT TTTt % TtTtT (Langitud) i t Tft ft FTft Tift 11
fTftq TIT ft TfTtsit TT TftlrTT TfTT Z . T f TT i t TfTTt=Eit aftT TTT
tTTTt % TSTTif TtT Z . T f TT = Z.T f TT - Z.T f 3 % feT | I
T f T aftT TTT ^TTTT Tft Tt TtT??fftT^T % ? f f 3TTTTT TtT
3^%fTTT TT %fS^3FT ( Ecentri city ) | | i t TtTfTTtT -eiTT TT ft ffft
TTTf ft T | TTft t I T?%fSTT StTfTT f t TTft ft %f5f Tt ftt ft 3 1 %
I f f 3TTTT3* % TTT ^ft TT ^TTST T f | I Tf FTTft T% Vft "Ft 5TT f t i t
I TT% fTT TtT f5T Tf, T T T T f ft Tift TTTT it^ f T %fS ft ?5T
ftTT I I
f i t TTTT f T FTTt i t FTTT TTT ft TTit TSIT ft Tf 1?t F^TFT Tt:
TTT TTft Tt FTFT Vt TS TTTTT % TTT ft T f T1!% ? I TTTTT ft T f
airit TST ft f T ft TTT f t t TfT>5T ft ( Tft TT T T T TtT fTg Tff Tt
f l r f t TftfT ftit I ) TSTT Tf IT TfTT TTT TT ( F T ^ TfT%fS Tfft
I ) T i t % STTT TT %fSft TSTT TtT TTITFTT i f f % afr^TT TfT Tt
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mVTX. ft TSTT Tf5%f5 Tt fT? Tf5%f 5 % t^T ft TftTT T ^ | I Tf
TSTTT Tft TT TTTt %<^t % TTTT TT T ft TTTT ial4gra)TT fTTT %
3?it armftT 11
?5jffT ^ i ^ i t ^ T ITft fr^JTt ir isif'^ru
H'Xt fT5T % STTT anftcipT IfTfiift TTTTT frraTfT, T % T
Tff ft ITCTFT 1?t 3TTTTft TTT gaiT TffT ftSTfT 3TtfTT % TTTT
Tt TTtcTTT fTT ?T^T ft TOTFTT Ttt ffwTT T t ftTT I Tf
TTt^ftr TTffT"^ TT T f fWfT ftaiFT^T t ftift afTTTift fT'if
Tt TFlif TT Fl^T FlftlT TfT FTIT || T T ^ T TTT ft
arrvTift fttrT % fqg ffrif sftt TT% vr'Ror qsrT VT ftttftir f t 551 v r i
m I m f f v t TTfctfti T f t i t v t TtTTift % faq v f t q i tTTif?ratT
iftVmTaff VT STTTZTftSTTTTcTT TT I W T V r t T f l f t VT 3 r m tTT-
Tfoiitl sftt TTTTcTV sr^fir VT ft tfT I ftf TîTTtJT f^rlTVIT %
STTft^VTt % TT? TT TTVritT f T ' i t v t t f t ^T% STtT ftT^TT fts f i t
T"t fTft ^TTlftTtT TftV^TTraff STtT TfTft ft^ftTT VT TfcTTTT ft TTT \
ftt Tf TTTT f t TTT ft fqist v t fTTftcT T%Tt fs TTfTTsff VT TTTTTT
^T% TtCTt TTVTT TTt % T^tT ftTTTt STtT ftTT TTT I TT T f ft^TT
f t TTT ft f T TTT T f t ^ f V T T v t TfTft TfTTT aftt TftV^TTTsff V SltT
ftrttT v t T t J T t f V t T f T F i k fSTTVTT TTT?Tt TftT v t ftTTait
VT ftTT t 1
TTVTTtT fqagf ^t Tft TTTTit TTfTTTt % TTTTTT V ftt^ TTT Tf

TTT ftTT TTT ft ft fTT Tt TTTTFT SSTt % VT % f^T | I Tt TtfTt %
TTVTT TTt V STtT TTfg ft t f | 1 TT St fT'st fl T f t VT f55fT TTT
Tt fTV TtTfTt arrVTTTfT TTt STtT TTT^T ftTT | pTTSST-TTfTT
V fT T I I
fTTST TTfTT % STtT Tft ftlttT % ftft T f TTT5TV | ft T f t vtf

fm s t T f T v t tTcfr TTft ft ffTT fVTt TTVTT TT STtT TTfg ftVt
t3T% TftT: TtTftftT TTT ft T f T T f t | I Tt T f Tft %fStTVTT TT %
VTtT ftit, Tt fTTttT f tcTTT TZV fTTT STtT ff TTftT f t r t \ TT fvfft
fm % ftftg TT % STtT TTVTTTfTTft ftlttT v t TTfTT Vt TT
TTT fTST ft fTT fTft ft TfTfTTfTT fVTT Tft fTT STtT T f f T fVTT
TTTT I I
fTT ?^ ft ?T2T %
3TTVTT fTTT % TfTTt %
%fS V fTf| Tt TT TTT VT
Vtt TTVTV fTT I Ttt T
TTT VT vtt apT fTT T,
%5StT fm TT % TTVTT
TfT ftTT STtT TTfS ft
tfT I TT Tf TT fTT%
STtT * %fS T Vt TTf? V t
tfT I fT'T f T T VT flTT I ftT \?.
fift r, % aftt T % T T ft ftV ^ I T , T-Prw VT TTT TTT T flrTT-
VTT VT fmrS I T. TT; ^ TTTT ^TST ^ TftTTTT % TfTTt VT
TtTT TtTTT I I
TTT T ft T ftns VTT % ftTt ST. VT^ T^ T?V ft^ft ft | I ft% f T

TRnar v|ft i Tm vV T f r r Tft TT% T T T S T % ftn % CBTT ftrt 11
TTTT 3TTT53T VT ftr ftr ( ^5^) ft T?f%T ftTT ft T,, | > TF? fti T ftiV
T?T TT ft TTfTT T ffTT Tt T f { TTTT VTT ft TTTT ) TTt aTTTftTTQ
ft fttfTt TtT tTT ft Tftdft ftTT I T T TTT T ft VTT % T f T T TTTT
A VT ft T ftiT ft To T B f5T TtT ^TTcTV TTT TTVTfT fVTT I ft^f
% %!=S % TTVTT TT STtT f T VT^T^TtTT ft T Tm T t T tTT?TV TTT ft
ftTfrr f f t t ITV # t TTT T , T ft TftT f t T I T , T^, T f crv TtMt tTT ft
TTTT srafTT VtTT | I fTVt TfTTf 3TTVTT TT % TTTT % TfTTt ftit I
TT f T Tm vt fti^tgrft VT ftrftT vtft i t TTT TO T , aftt T , T , f T
f t t ^t TTT TTTft Ttt f T f t t ft TT VT fTTttT Vtft I f T Tit TTtTT ft
f v i t TVTt TT ftTT |TT | i t aTT5T f T T , T , , Vt TTH V t Tft I Ttt TT
T ft fm T ft ftrft i t ITTT ftit I arr fTft TT ftT T f ^ T vr i t TTT
ft TTftTT I Srr fTT % ftr ft fTT TTTT ff^, % V t i t f T %, % TTVTT VT
TftTTT f t T I i t t TT Tm T , f T f Tt f t T i t TT% ftT ^ Tt TTfH f^l
ft TTTit I f T ftft ft T5TTFfT5rT A l T f t T t f T T f T T % fTff T , ft
ftTft Vt i t TTT V t Tft 1 arr f i t TVTt T ftiT % T , T3 arrfT f r f i f vt
Tt f T fTT % T T ^ ft TftTTfTT V t Tvft* I
TT TTT T ft fftT ^ Tft ^ TVft TftTftT ft TTT; TT Tft fTT

VT anr ftr T T T T T T f i r f t i t f r T I ^ T i^ T Tm vt Tft vr f r r K
vtft I TTT T ft T,, I. T Tt A V T VTT ft ft fTT T T ' , ? t t arrVT^T
v t r Tt T T , T T i t I I ftf TT i t TFT %fitTTViT TT Tf3T ft %,
i t f T% TtT fTTT ft %?iftlVTT VT tTT?TV TTT Tfft % TTTT f t f t T I
fT VTtT Tft TtTt TftftTrTif ft TfTTT T^ T, Ttt T^ T ' , ftr! % 5TtT
Tft ftTTT ft Tt TTt aftt TT% T T T T f VtT % TTT tfft Tt Tft-

TTTt TT Vt STTT V ^ ift ftft % TTift ft T T , T^ T , % JITT ftft
Tt T , T , STT ft TTftr I
TRJW Ttt ft wig; Ttft I, ?ft f^Tsn ff 1 , sr, aftt T , ar, i itif f w
f l ftwpsf ft sirsT ft I f fsTTriT fv i f ? arTT^ ^ f f t r r v i i iw

qt ft i t ( f t r (^R) if % i qT ar, stsr | ) Tivr mi
"^!!L?! # TKT i f f ft TVTT I fift T. Tt 1? vr q t i (^fî) ^
11T^ I f %f5 ft q fqosift arrr s i t 111? i t i f i t i q i anarrfi v t i r i

fsmfi ifTfft ftnT I TT arrrftnT f ftiT i t fq^^ v STTT arrvrfT i t i -
f T 'q^ %' tTT % TrT TTTTTTTT ftTT aftt T^, fT?| TTVT T^T ftTT I T^
TT TTgftr TfTT TTTIT i t T f T Vt TTTTT TITT aftt q fqoT VT TV^TTT
VTT i t TfTTTTTTT I 'T5T ft TTT f T f T Vt ffT ft ft I T S fVTT TT I
TTfTTT Tfr arrrftT T = v' '!L_?[ft i t fqos % srtr arrvr'T T V I T ftrr
ajtt f T TTTT VTT ft TTTT i l Vt fTtTftT ^qft TTTT TTTT | \ f v f TTT ft

ft fT fr^VT qt qfft fv TT T T T TTTTT arrrftr (?ft^jr) arftgr?T Tfrvr-
f i V TfTTf Ttt Ttfrf TTT i t r f r f T>t f r f r r vtrr i f r r v r T ^ T f i f i q^
ftfrrri f v t T ? ^# T^sa % ^ ft q f t T f i i ftTT fTTft TTTTT
v/l^ ftTT I Tft TTtT ftr VT tTVT | I fT% Trft TTTTT ft vfTV
Tfs Tlrvrfrv Trft f v f aiftgrfT ar^q fifTTt Trft TtrVif
ft ffg vtTT fTTVT i t T f T f T fTTT \ TTtT f f f 3TTTT3 Ttt
% \ ft TfTTT ftt TfTV ft TfTV ftit SWTit aft^ TT T^, = V~^-^
% f5T ft Trftrr T T T V TITTTTTTTT ftvt fvt T^ST ft arrf T T ftrr i

TT TtTfT VT fff3TTTT^ TT^TTf Vt TTH ftTT Ttt T t T ^ f T TVTt
ftrr fTTft fv fq'5 q qt % %fff vr T T V T T J T : \ Tt s^rft %
% fw? TTT T ftrr V T T : fq^s f v t % f s f t qtr^gT ft Trftqr i ^TST ft
fTWlTT 1V ftl % T T ^ T ; tTTT % WBTT qftTTit TT TtTTT (Parabola)
ftrr I Tf% f T f%TT% I IT TTTftT T , % %5S % I W vt Ttt Tt TfT ft
ark 1 , H T T VPS iS H P T %! ft T l r ^ f f t f t i t 1^ vT iftrriV'HTW
i t T f c T fVT STTTT f t TTTTT I
fTT ( Y<i ) ft % lifitTTTTT f w % STTT T^ aTTfg f t TfT | I % TT
arrr %T T T f TTT % TT arTTTT T^ T T T T % f^T | I Z % T T
H T t T t I TT Tfft fTTTT % T i t T TTTTT-TT T f f T % pTTTTfTTT
TTTTT?TT T^TT % T T T^ T , ft T f l i t T ftTT A VT S T ft T, fTf| TT
TfftTT I fTT fTft f t TTT ftr^ T, T ?RT ^TT ft T, v t TfT T T , % f5T
( TTST I T T TfT ft f^T v t TtfT TSTt Vt Tf5TTTT 3 i fTTVt; Tt TffT
TTT ^ ) T, T TTT ^TT f t i t I f v ^ f %fsftTTVTT % TTTT T, fTT % T ,
tTT ft T , T % fcT TT: 3TTfg ftTT I Tft T , T i t T T % f5T f t
ftTT I TT TTt % TTTTTfTT T f f T T^ T , T , T % T T ft T , fT^S T, f T f
TT TTT TRTT I
T i t % H T T P T T T f f T ft, f T T Tt f i t TfT % aif^TT T, fftac T
T , T , T3 TTfT f T f | i f TT TfT i t s ftTT I ^TTTpUT ft fkS fVTT TT
fTT V\
TTTT I fT TT T^ T,ZTT T, T , TTT TT T , T, Z ' ' ^ % "T3 f?TrfT

fit srVTT % T , % T , % T3 TTfT fTT T ajtr %fR % ^ tf^ T^
r
J
anft i V 5 m : TfTT f t i t 3rmt i TIHT: fm % T , v t r Ti, %

^TT v f t T, % "7, fcirfe TTTftT T S V T T ftif aftt ffff ^ i t % SRT
fTTT T % q , T V T = A % \ ^ T V T A T , % % a T V T = -
Tt fT3 ftqr TT TVTT I I T% ft %C55T % %Tft ftTT Vt TTTFT ft
?T3T ^ 5Tt ftft ft i t T f T ft Tf % i t Tf?VTf SRT TTTT VtT ft TTTT
EITVT VT TTVr^T ftTT ftS ftTT TTT | 1
STT Tfe VtT % T^ T , VtT % T , T^ % 55T ftTT i t IT Vtrf VT MTT

TTVtT % feTTTT ftTT ! f i t TVTT TTft i t VtT % T , T , aftT VtT %
T , T., anft i t 55T ftr vssr: T ftf| v r w t T T f r ft TTTTT T^T fTft
Tj, "V/ -J^ ftrft Tj, aftT Tg VT TTT TTT t^V^^T ft T|TT I f i t f t q f T
o
^T % TitVTT vt i r t T T T f f ft | I
Tf^ Tf TTTTTT TTT | ft T = Tf T T TTft "STTT T T ft"
T T T 3 T TTTTT | TTtft TTT sa:^ ( % T^ ) Vt i t fTt %fstTTVTV % TT ft'

ftit I T , T , VT TTT T T T T T T ^Tft T f t v ftTT TTTT | I fT^Cr ^
TTTTift T T Vfft I I
TT T f i T ^ ^ ' U I i ^ L - ?ft q fqT VTt i t % TtT qTTfT Tft'
ftTT, Titft tft i t i f i t T qr % ftTT ft TTTTT TTT ft ^ % TTTTT^TT

T f f T % fTTT ft frra: ftrr TT TVTT | ft %qo ft T I T %q.,, %q^ It TTT
% T , TTft ffft f r r f t TTTttTR T % TTT Tft f f ^ % VTTT T f q T % %fS'
ft KT ft fTTT ftTT TTTTT I VTT: qTT5!itTqT vt Ttft q ft^ fTft i t
ft qTT^f T ft TTTTT I
fT frftTTT % 3TfTR ftiT arrVTT %;s %, % qftT: i f i % 5 T (Conic
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T TTT qTT5!T TTT TftqTTTT ft T T T T T TV | I TFT ftTTTTtT T T
- ' L * " - ft T T T T T i n T ftTT Tt f q T % ^ T T TV VT f T ^ ift'-
\xT ftTT TtT f r l r arfrv ftTr i t Tf T T T T T Tft TftTTTrr % fTf^T W

'tm I qv ftTF?r ft 111% s r r a i i i firirPn? H C T T ft I^ % iff
ftTT if TTfB f t i T i t 3TVT I T I y ' V IT % f ^ l f t l T I H ft1 1 %Tf
% % i f t i : ITT ft vtlF I T l i f t ftT TT STTTII ^ f 1 ^1T i t If

% %fS ifV i f t 1 %, TTT tTT ft tfr i f t f t ffttiT ftl ITTT 11T ft
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SftT TTTT H I iV i f t f t i w R S ft ftIT Tft T l fiTft 55tB ft
ftTT I I
T?t TTTTT TT =fTT | ft %T55T ft ^TTfstil % Sf^STX. I f i f t ' l T T ft

TT& I TtT TT% TTT % Tit TtT fT ft TSTT ftt IT 1 T 1 I"?
TTf % T i t ft TTTfT ITTT ftTT | | f l ftsiftr Tt i t TT^TR ftH %

TTTtT TtT i t T T T f t l WTT TTit ft f t fT2T ft TloSSq ftlT TT TrT %
ftrr ft rjTs^r TT T f ^ T T ft T , = Tfft ftS ftTT TTTT | I
T i t o (v^) TT f i r ^T ftrft ^ T T x,^''

ft
fift =,R TT
ft
TT^
VT'^xft '
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2^ V TT^^ X ft^ ^
TT. ft* " T. TT
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TTTfT f 1 ft TT f T l f t ft f T2T T i f t i f t i t Tt SWTfTI TT T% [
rito ( ^ ) f t ^ = _ _ - _ ^ - 1 o
m. IT
T|t ( ) ft sr?i%?r STTTTI % ftn:rv v r 31: W T T ftTiTT'

arrarT | ftr (RO) ft I T ^TT T f t r m m ?ftfir?r 11 ftwg i f t
ftsm % ftsTfi ft ft3 ftiT r r fVT t ft v m f t m%m f r r f ft ftnr
111 f f t T I T f f t fTT TTVTII IT ftTtft f l l T 11 Tft T = ^ T ft T|f
T TTTT TT TTT ^TT ft ftS VT TTT | TTT T snVTT VT ftlTft vf.
To%o t , ft'ft^T VT TT I I TT T f t ft=? i f T=5T fT% T=^T |TT I ^
TTtVTT (^<9) ft i t STT-RT T , Tt %?itTTVTT VT ffTTtV fTT I fT2T ft
ft f T V t Tt T f ^ % f T T V T % ^ ft TTTT t 1 TTft T T T T Tt Tfftv ftl
% TTVTT ft fTfT fftfT TTT VT | I fTTT TT Tt TTV^V ft"? VT fffft
TtTV t I fTTT Ttr TfTTTT % TTt T f t % ftq f T ft^T VT TTT TT TfT
TT% TTVIT VT ftTTft T TTTT f t T|ft I f l t f r f t Tlfto {%\)ftfftT
TftTTT % T f % frft 'T TT' VT TTT ItTT ftTT, TTT T TT VT STTTT T %
TTT % TfTTT StST TT TfT ftTT I TT f T f T ffTfT ft | fv fftT TftTTT
% T?ftV T f % STT TTft TTft %fstTTVTT T T vt fSSTT VT T V I TTT i t T
TfTTTT % T f t % fTTt VT TTTT i t TT^fB I T T T T ft TTT5T TTVTTt STTT
TT T V I Tt^ % T V T T T ft f i t ftTT STTT S ^ i t TTft % f r r f % TTTT f T
f T T % T T ^ 8TVT ftTTTT TTT | I
i f t i t % fif^lH 3TTf;
Vl.XH Tfft i f T TT f V T I ft fT2T ft VfT TT ft Zît % 3?TT T'STTT^

TTT f T T t ft TfT v t f T T TfsaB f%ft TTT i t TT T T ^ T f t i t *T5T %
g i f t ftTT % T f T T t f t i t 1 fT% f F T T ft fT5T STtTTt TVTt ft T f t Tft
?TTTf vt fRTTTT ft TfSVQT ft TTITT p c T T V T T # itSTT VT TTTT-
frv TftTTTV I 1 fTT TVTt ^ % TftT: W T ^ t r TTt Tff % fel^ f T
%rS ft TSTT f i t % TT Ttt Tff % fT TftVTT VTT % T i t ft
fisqftT TTTT f t i t I I Tft f t S s i t vt TftVTT VTft TT% fTTft T T f f l V
TTTT f f t T TTTf ffft TT TT% S i t ft f t t % TTf i t T f TfTVTT VTT %
T i t fT5Tft TTTT f t i t I T f t T^STT Vt p i t ft T6TT f t t V f t TfT f
TftVTT VTT VT f t TtT ftit f f T T TTTf ft ?:Tt ft TSTT ftt V^ f t '
TtT fTfTVTT VT^ VTy f t i t
5 - " T TTfW v i
Tf 3ITT<PI TfTOfV ^fft TqssfsT IftftsrajftftTWÎ ft JT^H f<Tft-

TTTVTtt XTc^ f T T V t T f T % f t f t s i 5 T ) ' R S i t f t Snftf fft "TC TfeH
fm TV WftVTTVTT Tfft sftt ft TTlSf ftf Tt TtfTT ^cTT-
VTT 5 (g^ ft TfTcTT VT STFT fvnT arf 'TVTT | I fiJff fTft ftTff'!rT
?tS3T 3n5T ff VTTT ft tTTT ffIT 1
2 ^ f % 5TTTT3* ft fZTT f f t i f % fl? ff ftit fftos VT T R TftTTT

Ttt fiTT ft f t r t tfTT I I ftf TT f v i t T#T fm VT TTf fftv tT%if
v t TfTTTT ft Tft itT TT ft TfST Vtft | i t fm SJTt ?TTt ftt TV TT
TVTT I f v 5T f f T f r ft f T f5?TTVTT TT v t ftTT % TftTTT Vt Tft-
T T T Vt ff TTT TVft I I T T V fm iTTTTfT | I TT: f T fT^VT
Tt TfTft I f v f^cTTVTOI TT TTT S^wf % %fg Tft Tft ff fTTT ftTT
I I TfT f T TT^ T f T f t a v f i t t ffgTTT V t Tf fft TTT ftTT f v ?8Tf %
TTtt i t t fTfT fTf fTf % fttr ^ TT v f fTfT fTfT ftTTT | I
Tfr Vtf fm gfTT fTTT ft T|fTT TT ft T f a S fVTT TTT i t Tf

I T t T VS3T ft i^V TTTT TT ft ?5!it v t TftVTT vtTT I fVff f v i t fTT Vf
TTf f^TT TT ft TTf fTT ftTT ft TfsiT VtTT T?TfT VfST | I f i t VTtT
ft 5fTT TTTf TTT: T f i f T f T V?IT ft ff Sait ft TftVTT Vtft t 1 fVff
?TST ft f v i t Tf TTTf v f %TT f T f t TfT TTTf ftlfT VT ft ft^ftTT
fVTT TT I T i f f v T f t i f t TftTT % fTtr Tf TfTTfT T t T t I Tff fT2T
v f TftV^TTTif VT fTTTTT VtTVt TT% TfTT STtT TTffTV T^fTT TTTff
vt Tft VT fTTTt Vtft I
TT f T3T v f TfTV5TTT % TfTTt Sît v f TftVTT Vtft Tl% fm TT

^ f t T TTTf Tft VSTT ft TTvf Tft ?TtT Ttt TftVTT VTT ft TTTT
T f T v f TTit I I fT2T ft l i f t Tft ft cTtT (Acceleration) VT TTT
f t f T f t f r r T i f t t T STtT fT3 ftTT TT I
cT = J Tit. (VR) ft
T f f T TTit VOT ft fT05 TftTT ftVT ft iTftT T f t I t ft gît %

%fS ft fTT ^ ftf I I f f t T f ^ f ^ TT STf VT f??TTVTT TT | |
=5lfwft 5 1 fITT TT ITT 31151 ft i f e a f T T Tt Tat % f l ^ i l i 1 ^ %
g (f') % 51 ftTT I a n q i I H f 1?V I t s T f i f i f l f a f l l l i t T t T STtT
siRB ftit I
^=5' lamr i'-5'. ftr.
5lii f i i n ? % fTTTTt TTT ft fl51T | 5 f' (g) H I^T TT cItT |

Tff 311f 1 1 tfT I M ifS T l l f iît ft '1' fTTtitSt S J ft i t 31-
i f t l VTIT I T Tt fsiîTT-ffl^fSfT + 1 % 5?1 ftit I
c T I i ^ l l i t . (V?) ft
TT*
?T =y i^r f t ft f l T T ITT Ttft Tt

fl*XTT*
5lft I f TTfH TT T I T T I Tt l i t S f l i t % TftTIT Ttft IT^
fts % frcr TITI ftir I i t (^'I'^t ) %5^ 11

\T. 1. TT /
Y n' f V n * X 1 . T^
' fl* " fT^XTTT''
Ift sfr tTftr ftit 11 V * = ' ^ v v t ; K I if=?.o?;x ?o""tfrit

T l : T T tTf^=Vo.tc:^^ X ô^" frit. I S i t ft fi31T=^-?.^ X ?o6
f r i t . I i f s TTif i;28 % Vo o f r i t . \ft i t s^Tt ft TftTir T t tfr ft
Tt f l t f I T t TT% r l t r TT TTT Tf ftir I
?T= ^'^"^ _ V o t t ; ^ ^ X to"*^

( r ? : X ?o^ + Voo)^"(^-t;)*X
f'=t;-V9XX
3TT: 1 ' = T ' X f l =e:->3V(. X ô^^ x ^'e? f r i t , ft^
1 - - ^ X l o 3 ;ft5t ft*
^^v iif<# m ftwr
1 T W T T <', X t^ ftzxft*I f srfij %vo? X iftw m ift
an T<TOf 11 MF<*M1 T T T 55Tft %fet^f T f l 1 1 TT sft ft

?Tr vt Tftft (? ft Tt) ff I f TTt I aft friT TTT ft' ft ^ V TftSFTT
VTT ft TTt TTit I I T T :
^ Tt ft=TXVT
R Tt ft
T
^ g^ft ft^^-vstJX i t . , TtT T=V3SX?o3
JTf TTTT fTT2 VT VTT | |
TTJT ft ftftfrif % STTT TTfr^fT ? i t % TTTTVTT ^t;? ft. ;ft. T f t '
ftVS vt i t TTftrVTTTTiT ^ TtT sf^jpT TT ftTT ft TTT3T ftTT

Tt TTVt TQTTT TfTTT Vt TTTftT VTTT | I 3Tft S T t f T T % STTTTi^
TT ft T ft TTT ^ T f t f T TTf V R ^T anfrrvTT Vt TTTfTVt % T ^ f T

TTfT fVTT I Tft
TfT5TT'*=(^-^c;X \o^)^
f T T f T T VST % JTTcT ^ i f t T T i t T g VT T f T T ftfTfrftT ffTT:

t V ^ X T T/(| T f t - h v o o it.)'^ _^(| T ft)'^
g X Tt-* X T T J U 1 f T ) ^ " U f ft + Voo m . ) 2
. , ^(IffD'^xf ( V ^ *
5 U f f t + Vo)'* (VOt;)'^^"^
- . i ; ; X V^t-tj.vsxstl-^S Tt. ft*
f T f T t 3qif %'5t1WT % 55?1 ft iftmtWIT fTTmiWf
ft mft i 1 If gqwaf TTI? W T TT iV srwr ^qsw 5^
% 551 fV 11
SrVtoi ft UTTT STT ITT I fft 5=T2T ft ftl STTTT T?51T

Tt Tft Vt TTfti S^flTTil ft snrrftl fts ftiT l T T f T I f ftiTTlft
ft i t r 59?TTTTT % STTT ftl STTTT T^T TftiTT % T S f l STTTflT | I
TtTST 1RTT % TTTTTT % ftcr fT2T % STTT TSftT ftTT T %TT gtT-
TftTTT % Tft ^ Tftif T frt^ IcTTftl | T?3T T TT^f (Comets)
TtT ^S Tf (Minor planets) Tt Tftftft % T^TTT ft i t TTT fT5 |l? |
ftT STTTT ?Tt % TTTf T*STT Tt Tft, TTftr TTTTT % STTT TTTftl |f
I i l l f t T | Tft % TTTfT ft TftTt TT T^TTT i t TT Tft T fT^
f^rTTTTT % STTT i t l ftS |TT | I ^TST % fTcTTTTT % ft3T?T Tt
fTTft?T STTTT TTft % ftt^ TTTTT TjftfiT TtT 5gS Tft % Tftif %
fTTT ft TTVT TTTtT T?TfT TfTTfT t I
XXV ^ S ^ T T mtl-TTTTTTTT f^STTft STVTT TTT i t TTVTT
ft V i t - V r t ?f|TtTT ftft |,-.5TJT ft T ^ TTTTt % ftt^ Tf fTTT TftWTTV
TSTT % TTV % ^T ft TTT ft I VftTT ^ f t f t q t ft 1?| TTfti TTfTTT
vt ft f P z TTTTT I Jtftftit TtT %TTT ft f f f Tit^fiT f l T % ^ ft TTTT
arT5T ftf TTvt Tftftft>^ STT^T VT^ ft T TTTT Tf | ft Tft TTT
T% ft Tit ft TTTTV ?feitTT ftft | TtT ftTT ftit TTfTTT % f l f a ft
Tnt|
fTST ft Tf ftf5T1 fVTt ft Tft TT%| Tit.-.tT f r r f % TTTift |

eft ft TT5T ft f^TTVTT % STTT T ^ T f t l ftft itT TT TTTft i f t r t itT
TTVTT % TTTI ft T I T l f t ffit I ftff TT% TT VT f W T TTT ftTT I
f l fTTT ft fTTSTTft ftST'T fft i t T TVTT % Tif VT ftST VTTT
I I TtifT, TTTTT itT TftTTTT I fTST ft itTT ft Tf
% TTTT t% TT T | T t i f n TTIT f T Vt TT % Tfti: TTTT VT1TT1
Tft TIT TVTT I TftTTTTT i t TTVT 'TIT ITi i f f IT TVTT
flftt? TTft Tf ft^TT ftTT ft TT%f TT5T ft TTT5iT ft TTTT
t i ftff flV ftTtTT % friT T l ^ f i t Tft T|T' i t i t TTVTTTT
ftlftTf ftif % STTT f T f t l Tft Tit i t I T2T ft ftTBTTT ft ife T T ^ f
?X 1
3(ft fiRPMiw vemlfft i f t 3 i m i f t ftiftit jsm ft i t
gi*iTriVi i r i
( W f t t ^ H i p r t I I f t^t; fo i t t uR f Tft3 'ft ^^v^
3TTfT^ ftrftif Tt % STTit ftft ft T f t l H f t TJfftf ^ Tt<TilM
Tr VT Tcn- mm i itt T T ft aifST f t TTT TT T T ft T T % f fis-
TtTt f ^ % i f t TTT vt ftrftif % TftT ft Tft? Tt? T T TTif % T T V T ^
fTTT i t TftTTTT ftrftif % JTT: TTfit ft^ gtj I 51% T | SPTTftT ft
TTT ft TT%5 ^ TTVT^lT ftpi | Tt i t t TTVTT % T i f t i f t ^ ^ \ Tf
3TTftVTt TfTTTtr flcTTVTT fftSTfT % TcTTTT % ftt? T T T ^ T i f t
JTTcTTT I
ftr v'^
ST2T % t?VftWTf * ft T i t ftft ft i t i t T T > ^ i f % VTTT Tit
( v s T i f ) VT TftT ftrr i i t TT%g f i r ft mt i t t i r i i t TTfsitr ft
fftsftfinc pSlaftt 3!T^ arrwjfft ftuftit ift T J H T s f t 3IRT ftffsrf ft
^ i f ft m f t 11ST1T ft i i ^ f i t % fti; 5ft TTiTzfft irrr ftilfti vt
i^ft 11 I f I f i f t ^ I ftf t^T^, ? ^ o 3ftT ? ft ffeiftrt n?
36355 ftisf % T i i f ft V9K artt iif* vT 3r??rt f i f t iV r f t i <PT
tfT 11 ? i i f i f ariiif It ?r53iftt f f t ir% f r r i f t Tft | ÎTT ft
i t i s i t i 1WT ft i n I ( l i t ft q t i a i f t v^TT VT ftpiT JT; i t n f t i
i f f fftT)id?v ft 338WJ iTtT 51 i t i t u r i f ft f r^zitit |3TT f aftt
3iift v s r f^RTTWTi i t i f T t i t i T f t i : i t i T T % i f t v e 11 51 i ^ -
1 T f t vear ft 1/ i t i f tr vt i r f t ft | aftt ii%5 % s i i % * r i i i f V T
ft I f ITft ft ftvsii f t t i t ftiT I \ m JTf ftii v t i T ar?i?i v f s i | ft
Ti%3 i5t i f t i f t ' i T ft ftiffti vt grm arriT i t w n ft 1 feft (Haiiey)
ft l i i 1 1 l i t ft ft 5 ^ f i T ftt ?V9XC, x% ft ?r52itTT ftiT aftt I f
ft i t r T?r I I f 5^?iTvii ftsT?i ft m^m ft sr^nfti v t ^
ITit 1Z1T |t \
i T t i f t sTTiTit' ft i t i i % f i ! vt s i t ift qftarRT vtft iTft f i r %
^1 ft IRT I T 11T t?t l i ' ft srVTfTI i t ITIT IT I V f i f t i SRT ffft
TS1 aftt arter VT VTS iTift % ftn ft ft ift ft 3RTVT t f Tff f i vr
TTftiTvrtt arTiVTt i t iftlît aftt %T?t i i R T fl%ff t ft ftr | ft
S T I I f l l i t IT 1 iftlftftirspT Tllft I T f l I (fo To M R )
3Rt?r %faff VT TS1 i t t i f t i vt i f t i T ft 1ft TRT TVIT I

{ fo i o IWX) ft I f i t VfT 11T ft ITtT l?V ft %f Vt a ^ V ^ ft
ftTTit i R f t 11
f i t anTR vtf i t Ttt vtf T f T %3Tt ift i H T i n f t I I T ^ I T
1*if ft %5iT VT 1S1 T1^ % ftl? T?1f1 T l ^ t I R T H T | \ fITt
TT1R* I f r T ift ^ i t f t i f t VT i t 111 vtft | i t i f t i 3% ft ftirtift
vtFa ft l i t i f t i t t J ^tft TTittR vt 51 i t t i f t i i stif ft^rit ft
(fV TTT Ir i t T lift HTT 511%5 T R ftif VT T f t f t ftlT | ( f o ff.
Ml^, ) I i f t I f 511 %3 qv f t | i t fTVTTTVR Sît ft
i|i i ? r ft3 ^ 11 i f t ft i t I i t ft i?v ft fi%ffsv <R tf
T I R i f t ft 1 1 tf t Tt ^vfiit % frtr xr51 f%^ 11
^ft ft fItT I T %f I gfr ftftzt ft TTTTf5 ft l i f t TTVTT If Tlit
ftTT vt TftTTT I I Tfft ftTT T f t l l f t ^ t^V i f Vt ftit
| P S t t % r f TTT ft aftT Tfft WTTT |, 3Tlft fiWTT ^ Tfft BTcfV
t I f T TVTT T5 THfrrf pt e V T H^TTTTT TT TJTffV | PivC T f r f T f TT
Tfr TT Tt2?fV t I IT TTTT * TT^ TTI ft T T T T fSTT ft
T T T H 5t TTcft I TT %5 aRT ftTT | I Tf T2TT T f t r f ft ftcft | I fTTT
ftrfTT Tift ft TTrfTT fTftTTT ft ft TITTT I { T5t?TW ft TT^cB %3 %
ITTT ft TTITT TT TT fiTTT | ftlTft fTTT TTT ^TTTf TT%5 fTTT | I
Tt U<> l i t * TTTT % TTT TfSTT ft TfTT |TT | I affsft % l^T TfT %
TTTTT TfegT ftTT ft TTTf fTTT Tt ftTlft ft? 3jff SSTT :3TtT ft aftT
TfTTt % ^ ^ ^ f f l TT^ % TTT TtTT Ttt ft
TT, ?lfrTrTTTff T a f l T T T Tt m TTft fft TTfwT T T ft aTTTRI %
TT^ TTT ift TTTTT TT% T<:T ftTT | I f T TTfT? %5 % \Xo o TTf % TTTT
T t TTT aifT?T T f c T f i f 1 T2T?TT % TTT ft TTft U Tfft % fTTt
i f f TTTfT ft f T %3 % TfTT TVTT % TTT TtT TfT TT T T T TfT ftTT 1
Tfft TTITI TTI I fT |Tt % TT%5 TT T f t % TfTT: T T f T T TT5! vsX

Of, TT f i t ft f f ftS f%TT I I f T WTT TTT ft ? T T f ft TTTT TfT
TftviTT f r f TT%3 % f t Ttft t I fTTft T^TT f fT fTf TT%| Tt TTRTT
ft TTTTf TT%g TfT I I T f K%\o fo ft Tf TJT^f f f g i t T T |TT TT i t T
ftT IS^X f TT t ^ t ; ^ f ft T f ?5T ftTT I ^T TfTT %f TT STTTT
TTTit TSfcTTft TT ftTT | itT TTTTTTT TfTTT 5%T%f
TTT I I T f TTit TTT Tt ? T Tf5TT i t i t fTTTTt ft f5T ftTT | I
^tT%5^ Spt J T ^ f t - ' T S T TtT f5*t Tf 3TTf5T % TfTIT Tf, TTTTT

T t t i t i f T % TTVTt TTft TT ft f T Tf TftTTT Ttft | TtT TT ft T l f T
ft f T ftTT t , TTT: ft TTT TFTTTTTT ft^ | I S i t TtT ^ % TfTTTT ft
ft fT% W l TT TT i t T ( A p h e l i o n ) ftTT | fTT% TTTT fT TtT ^ T
Tf T f f t f t ft f T i t TTTTfTT f T ft T f t TT TTft I TT%f f 3 f t fTT f 5T
ftft I TtT T f i t qT T T 2 ^ % TTT I fTTT TTTT T f | fT fTTT f T T
t t f t TT TTT ffTT | Tf fft f ^ % ^T ft TTTfTT TfT T?TT | I TT T f
i t vf TtT t t f t TT T f f , f i % TTta ftT5 TT TTTT | i t f T Tf fTTTt ft
TH ftft TT TTft TT ftT5^ T T i t | Tf fft f^S % TT ft i t T TfTt | I
ft i T f T ftTTf % TTT % TfTTT T s i t T f i t T f Tf | TtT %f ift T f t %
TfTTT f T t ftTTTt ft TftTTT ffTT tfTT | I T i t - T T t T^tl f T i t TT-
%3 Tf f s g ft Tf T T i t I I fTff ^ft T T T t Tt Tff fT?tT TTT ^fgitTt
ifY ft?ft I. f l i t I f H*RT TTTT I ft 55 J| n l ftT<V m m ft TfiY
t I ITTT % ITT T5!TT | ft t*? T f t'^to % fTT ? i f |af ^ ft
Tf Tzft tfr I
TT%g TTT: TVfTT^ ^fgTfTtftft | T^T TTT % TTT T?5T ff TTft

I I fTft T|TT VT ffft I Tfr TfTt vf T f f 1 ftTVf 3=^3 T f f ftft
3TVf TfTTT 3TVf VSaT ft ftcff |, TTf ft f T vf TTftTT Vt^t VT fTVT
TTT ^ fr^TTT % TfTTT TTTTTTT ftTT |, Tff vf Ttft TfT T f f \ %fTf
vf ftTTq TT S f ^ T f f ftTf TfTf | fTVT VTTT f T ft TTVT |T TT
ftve ffTT I I TT %5 f T ft T|T f T ffTT | Tf ^Tft 5^ VT ftTT^T TTTT
ftTT I, ftf Tft-!tft Tf f T % frva TTTT TTTT | Tft Tft T f t TtT
TTT?t5*t ftTf TTTf | I fT% TTT %5 f T TTT STt ft fTTf TT TTT TTTT
t ft T f Tf5T f t TTTT 11 Tt % | T f T f T f T V5TT ft T F T ^ T T VTft | ^
5T: 5T: TtCT VTft I ft?5 ftTVf VSTq TTTTTTVTT ftTf | , ft q V TTT
ffg ft TTVT ftT T f f Ttsft | %53ft VT f T T Tft ff TTTT TtT TfT ft ft^f
TTTft T t Btst f f i t I, f i t VTTT ft, f T V f^cTTVTT TTTT ft TTTT
TTTTTTTT TTi TTft ft T5TT ffft | I
T7^r:35^VTit vf TcTft iTTfTVf ft TT%5Ttft f f TTTf | I

TTVT Vf TT I fv Tfff ft Tft ftTTTft %g TT f f f T f t T f t TTTT T f t % T|T
TitT TfT TTft f TT TT% ftfTR TTif TT ^TTTftv TTVTT Tfft 55TTT f
fTTft ft ZZ TT% I TtT TTft Ttft Tff TtT S^rt % TTT ft fTTT TTt | I
TT V i t T i t fT ttff % TTtT TfTTT | TTTT i Tît % TTT TfT TTft |
i t ft S i t % f^TTVTT % VTTT T T S TT TT fTTft | I fV?f Tît %
TTfTTT ft TTTTV ftr ft ftTft ft Ttft TTf TTTf % TTT ft T T TSft |
TtT fft TTfa fTT % ^T ft fTTft ?fgiftT ffft t I f f f ft f T 35VT
V fi I1
TfTVft T5VTT fT5TVTT ftTf t 1 TST itT TTT^ TTT i t TTVT TTVTT
ffTT ftTT I fVff fTTt TTfTTT % TTT ft 3cT?T T f n ftTTTt ft ft TTT:
TfT f f TTTf t I Ttft ft ^fft .S^VTi | ftTVT f 3 i T TTVT S i t TT
fTTTT I fTVt T5VT TfTT Vfft | I TTTT % TftV TTTfTTf ft 35VT TfTT
T% |q I I TTTT ft ft TtT itftV T>t Vf TTt ft ^TT VTTT TT ft 3TVr Tts
(TfT TT TTTTT) fTT^ft t i t | fitw Tfft % TTT Tf TTT fte T T Tift
|t fVff T i t TTTfWTf ft T5VT Ttf i t Tft f i t TTfIT T ^ ft TfTV
1 1 1 * 1 1 1 ^ f t v v r Tr3 ft f v i t s n v T ^ T5TT TT ft T T f i i f
f o Tf ^T % r r f f t f t i r sTT'i ft f i i r I ? T T5TT JT^TT f i t r i f Fv
3 1 % ftn % r i f ft T f i i f T i i i r ft H T I i r | i r % ^slvt ft iftsft i v %
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TTffq i t fVff ITt T t T ft ^Tft T t fvrt T f VT TIT 1 f t STTT 1 If
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(ej^ Tf) ^ ^j^q-io'T?T % fîrvBtr vt 5f3ftqv
aftt TTsaiTznm STITT1^ mm ft<T5TT T f VT 3TTfTEVTt | I arfft srritT
VI55 ft "Tfr errtnrf T T , T V , itr, 55 aftt T f t wra ft 1 f t i t a r % srtr
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ft afTT ftSTfT'SftftftT 1^055 (Herschel) ft TITt f t T t ^ T ft ^TT ft
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vtt %51 I f S f t fTTt % TTT ît ^TtftTfTTfttTT ^ TTf TTTT ft T f
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Tft TffT TTTTTTTT T t T f T ft T f t T T T T ftff f T ft T T tfT | I T f T t t
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T f t T T STtfrit fTET $ fTrTTVcfT V fT^^Tt VT TTTtT V t ^ ft Tt fT
fVTTitTTT ft ftTTT S|ft f T TTfTT Tt fTTTt V t fTV I fftTT TTT ft fftt
p r T T V c f r V ftsfT Tt TTft fTTT T t TTfTT ft fTcT f t f % T T ^ f , fv^f
T t T T T f f f T ftTTT V fTq TTTt fvit T^T aTJTTT T f VT arrv^ft f t
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Jlfl i f t T spft? ft^
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?1V 1 3 f t V STtT 31 T a n I f V V ^ 3qVtTt Vt TTI fVIT 111 i t
ITI If I t ^ l v t i f t ft TTIT "ffTT tfT | I f T V fsift I t i T VT TTT
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T T i t itT VTTT V SITT ftT^T T f Tft T t T ^V T?TfT ffHTTTV

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f f% 3?TfT VTft I I
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snvTTTfT fTTTT ft STTTFTT f f i t | f V f TT i t i f Vt T f l i f % T f T t ft
3?q5T VtT ?ft5ftfS TTT "TTT'T ^ o ' ^ ftt T t ffTT[|, TT f f f T f i % Tm
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fTTT TfTTTTT TST fTTT ft Tt% ftTT | I TTfT T f fTTTT TtTTfTV ftTT
I > f v t TT S i t 31 VT T f T t V t T t c o " sfq TTTT feftT TTT^T TT ftTT
I, T T gT: TSTT TTT TTTTITT ft f f i t f I f v t i t i t T^T^T Rô
T T % T f T t Tt T f fTTTT TTffTV TT T t T ftTT | I f V f f fTft T s i t
VT TSTT fTTT ifTTHTT f T R ft TTft ftTT | I S^TT: T f fTTTT TT ftTT
t I f i t SVlt ittT^TTt % T i t T f f V TTVTT T^Tf Vt i t i f T t T TfT ft
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ftTSOT ? X' f f f T f T R^' i t t Tfft Ve;' | ^TT TTtT f t TfT | f V T f
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f V f f fTft f f f T f r i t T % TTtfTftV TTVTT ft 3fTfT fTTTT S ' i t ft
^ T f T ^ TfT Vt 3 ^ T i t T TT ft TTTfTT VtTT | 1 T T S^Tt, p itT
TfT q V TTT tTT ft ftft I TT T f fTTTT TfT ftTT | 1 f V f f fvT fTVT
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ftTt I I f T TVTT o T Tt ft f f f T f T Vt TtT TSgfT i t T ^fT^
it TS5 ftr ^ 1 fT TVTT S i t T f r TfT f f ^ f T v t qv t T f
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f v f 2Tt, fffqfr Ttt T f r f T Ttrt % Tfitît^ fftr f r n tTrtrt
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fTft STTfsT Tt f t TTTTTT l i t ftit | T t r i t TTTSit ft ft TfT
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JrSTfT ^ fTTTT? Tt TTft ft ftffT tTft |, Tt TTT T TTTfTTTt ftft
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T f S ^ f T i f T ^ T T f t TT TTTTftT fTTT fftfTTf^ T i t T t T ft fSTTTT
TTIT I I
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^ S S f f l qV l i ft o'ooooooV^ fft i i f ft o*oooofloX,VV9 sftt ?o,ooo
5 1 f i m i f ft o ooooo^^V iff TTTT ft i f l l f U f f l îffTTTt
# s f f t qv fft 1 1 ft 0*0000ooKv i f l i f ' f t o'oooox^vsTi farrt
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o'ooooo^^V? r f I i f ft o'oooo!(^0 sft^ 5 1 fITT I i f ft o'o^V ift
i n r ft 3TftT i t i t 11
fTTITflllT 1|nft V ftufti ftSTsif iff ftif T I T I %^HT ft i f i t

f l f i S T f i sftT i i f f t 3r?i5T sffTT 3T5S5T |3n-1 c r i i n T srfTTrr srfT
srfr 1TT3r i q r i iff TTIT ^ %^ TTftTT ftSTfl Tt STlft T T^ ft f t
ftri f r i r 11TI STTT i TTITI Tt fft 1 1 Tfft T i f f iff f f i i n t i i r
SIR iff sriTItjfft ffq-ftif iff | T i r l i t T T I STTT Tift qft TTTTTt T
TISTI i iff l i t i r Tff T TTTTit ft ftT55T T l t T T T T TfTTT f t
TTT3r gTT I ftfg JT^ ^ f f arinri TI TUT ft i f t ^ T ft i t i f f T TSfitT
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FlTrmi If lil TfiT fifTTfl qîtiti: I
H T l t s i q^tSTTI: I

Grahagati Kramik Vikas

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14

Bx. Pradhyapak Jyotish DporiieDt

BANARAS HINDU UNIVERSITY

Also can be bad from

Chowkhamba Sanskrit Series office

t^f ft<TT^ f%Ta> ^

?n:^cft 'ft ten ^^rftg; i

ftSm PROFESSOR OF MATHEMATICS,

"Orahagati ka Kramika Vikasa?' SM ^^chii^

/ The boc^ is divided into five chapters. Chapter I is more

This book embodies the results of Shrl Pa ndey's comprehe-

There are printing errors at places but they do not In any

I have found it very interesting to read the book

The beginning of Astronomy in India dates back to the

The introductory account of Indian astronomical stu-

In the first chapter the author has given a general

In this Chapter the motion of Moon, the Solar year.

In the next chapter the author has given geometrical

In the third chapter a detailed account of various

by Apollonious, even though the former is more accurate.

In the end, the theory of Universal Gravitation has

Planetary motions starting from the Vedic-era to the-

The present day Astronomy has reached far beyond'

Dr. Nand Lai Singh

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