You are on page 1of 4

158 SiGraDi2006 / Educacion y Desarrollo Academico

Teaching Parametric I ntroduction


$XWRPDWHGPDQXIDFWXULQJSURFHVVHVZLWK

Design in Code and WKHDELOLW\WRWUDQVODWHGLJLWDOPRGHOVLQWR


SK\VLFDOIRUPSURPLVHERWKDQLQFUHDVHLQWKH

Construction. FRPSOH[LW\RIZKDWFDQEHEXLOWDQGWKURXJK
UDSLGSURWRW\SLQJDSRVVLELOLW\WRH[SHULPHQW
HDVLO\ZLWKWDQJLEOHH[DPSOHVRIWKHHYROYLQJ
Sean Hanna GHVLJQ,QDGGLWLRQWKHLQFUHDVLQJOLWHUDF\RI
Alasdair Turner GHVLJQHUVLQFRPSXWHUODQJXDJHVRIIHUVDQHZ
Bartlett School of Graduate Studies, UDQJHRIWHFKQLTXHVWKURXJKZKLFKWKHPRGHOV
University College London WKHPVHOYHVPLJKWEHJHQHUDWHG /RXNLVVDVDQG
email: s.hanna@cs.ucl.ac.uk 6DVV 7KLVSDSHUUHYLHZVWKHUHVXOWVRIDQ
integrated parametric modelling and digital
PDQXIDFWXULQJZRUNVKRSDWWKH%DUWOHWW6FKRRO
RIDUFKLWHFWXUHFRPELQLQJSDUWLFLSDQWVZLWKD
EDFNJURXQGLQFRPSXWHUSURJUDPPLQJZLWKWKRVH
ZLWKDEDFNJURXQGLQIDEULFDWLRQ,WVDLPZDV
ERWKWRHQFRXUDJHFROODERUDWLRQLQDGRPDLQWKDW
RYHUODSVERWKEDFNJURXQGVDVZHOODVWRH[SORUH
WKHZD\VLQZKLFKWKHWZRZRUNLQJPHWKRGV
QDWXUDOO\H[WHQGWKHERXQGDULHVRIWUDGLWLRQDO
SDUDPHWULFGHVLJQ7KHW\SHVRISURMHFWVFKRVHQ
E\WKHVWXGHQWVWKHZRUNLQJPHWKRGVDGRSWHG
DQGSURJUHVVPDGHZLOOEHGLVFXVVHGLQOLJKWRI
IXWXUHHGXFDWLRQDOSRVVLELOLWLHVDQGRIWKHIXWXUH
GLUHFWLRQRISDUDPHWULFWRROVWKHPVHOYHV

%HQWOH\V*HQHUDWLYH&RPSRQHQWV *& 
VRIWZDUHZDVXVHGDVWKHSULPDU\YHKLFOHIRU
WKHZRUNVKRSGHVLJQSURMHFWV%XLOWZLWKLQ
WKH0LFURVWDWLRQIUDPHZRUNLWHQDEOHVWKH
FRQVWUXFWLRQRIDSDUDPHWULFPRGHODWDUDQJH
RIGLIIHUHQWLQWHUIDFHVIURPSXUHO\JUDSKLF
WKURXJKWRHQWLUHO\FRGHEDVHGWKXVDOORZLQJ
WKHPDQLSXODWLRQRIVXFKQRQJHRPHWULF
Parametric and generative methods DOJRULWKPLFUHODWLRQVKLSVDVGHVFULEHGDERYH
of design, often incorporating 7ZRGLPHQVLRQDOODVHUFXWWLQJZDVWKH
SULPDU\IDEULFDWLRQPHWKRGDOORZLQJIRUUDSLG
explicit computer programming, PDQXIDFWXULQJDQGLQVRPHFDVHVLWHUDWLYH
represent a working method based SK\VLFDOWHVWLQJ7KHWZRWHFKQRORJLHVKDYHOHG
more on procedure than geometric LQWKHZRUNVKRSWRZRUNLQJPHWKRGVWKDWH[WHQG
form. This paper reviews a recent WKHJHRPHWULFVFKHPDWKHUVWE\IRUFLQJDQ
H[SOLFLWXQGHUVWDQGLQJRIGHVLJQDVSURFHGXUDO
workshop held at the Bartlett
DQGWKHVHFRQGE\HQFRXUDJLQJSK\VLFDO
School of Architecture, using H[SHULPHQWDWLRQDQGRSWLPLVDWLRQ7KHUHVXOWLQJ
Bentleys Generative Components SURMHFWVKDYHWHQGHGWRIRFXVRQUHVSRQVLYHQHVV
software to teach parametric WRFRQGLWLRQVHLWKHUFRGHGRULQFRUSRUDWHGLQWR
modelling, with a focus on digital experimental loop.
fabrication of the projects. We Parametrics
propose that in the design studio :KHUHVWDQGDUG&$'FRQVWUXFWVLVRODWHG
of the future, these procedural JHRPHWULFSULPLWLYHVSDUDPHWULFPRGHOVDOORZ
techniques may help to forge a WKHXVHUWRVHWXSDKLHUDUFK\RIUHODWLRQVKLSV
GHIHUULQJVXFKGHWDLOVDVVSHFLFGLPHQVLRQDQG
closer connection between the
VRPHWLPHVTXDQWLW\WRDODWHUSRLQW .RODUHYHF
process of form generation and the :RRGEXU\ 8VXDOO\WKHVHDUHFDSWXUHG
real, constructed design in one of E\DJHRPHWULFVFKHPD0DQ\VXFKUHODWLRQVKLSV
two ways: either in how it is built LQUHDOGHVLJQKRZHYHUFDQQRWEHGHQHGLQ
or in how it performs. WHUPVRIJHRPHWU\DORQH/RJLFDORSHUDWLRQV
Teaching Parametric Design in Code and Construction 159

HQYLURQPHQWDOHIIHFWVVXFKDVOLJKWLQJDQGDLU WKHRWKHUSURFHGXUDO7KLVVHFRQGV\PEROLF
RZWKHEHKDYLRXURISHRSOHDQGWKHG\QDPLF PRGHOLVDKLHUDUFKLFDOJUDSKWKDWUHSUHVHQWV
EHKDYLRXURIPDWHULDOVDUHDOOHVVHQWLDOGHVLJQ HDFKJHRPHWULFHOHPHQWDVDQRGHDQGWKH
SDUDPHWHUVWKDWUHTXLUHRWKHUPHWKRGVRI UHODWLRQVKLSVEHWZHHQHOHPHQWVDVGLUHFWHG
GHQLWLRQLQFOXGLQJWKHDOJRULWKP OLQNV*HRPHWU\FDQRQO\EHSODFHGLQWKH
PRGHOLQUHODWLRQWRSULRUJHRPHWU\DOLQH
3DUDPHWULFPRGHOOLQJLPSOLHVDYHU\GLIIHUHQW IRULQVWDQFHFDQEHGUDZQEHWZHHQWZRSULRU
FRQFHSWRIWKHGHVLJQ,QWUDGLWLRQDO&$'DQG SRLQWVDQGWKLVWKHQVKRZVXSDVDORZHUQRGH
GUDZLQJWKHIRFXVLVRQWKHUHSUHVHQWDWLRQRI LQWKHJUDSKZLWKOLQNVVKRZLQJGHSHQGHQF\WR
QDOIRUPGHVFULEHGJHRPHWULFDOO\7KLVFDQEH WKHWZRSRLQWV:KHQDJHRPHWULFHOHPHQWLQ
HDVLO\PRGLHGDQGUHZRUNHGE\WKHGHVLJQHU WKHJUDSKLVXSGDWHGDOOORZHUHOHPHQWVWKDWDUH
7KHSULPLWLYHVXVHGLQ&$'SDFNDJHV OLQHVDUFV GHSHQGHQWRQLWDUHDOVRLPPHGLDWHO\UHGUDZQ
VSOLQHVHWF DUHEDVHGRQGUDZLQJFRQYHQWLRQV WRUHHFWWKHLUQHZSRVLWLRQVLPLODUWRPRYLQJD
HYROYHGRYHUFHQWXULHVDQGRQSK\VLFDOGUDZLQJ control point on a spline.
3DUDPHWULFPHWKRGVE\FRQWUDVWIRUFHDSULRU
SURFHGXUDOUHSUHVHQWDWLRQLQZKLFKWKHIRUPLV 7KHREMHFWRULHQWDWHGQDWXUHRIWKHVRIWZDUH
RQO\WKHUHVXOWRIWKLVGHVLJQHGSURFHGXUH:KHQ DOORZVDPRGHOZLWKDOOLWVJHRPHWU\DQG
UHYLVLQJDPRGHOLWLVJHQHUDOO\LPSRVVLEOHWR EHKDYLRXUWREHHQFDSVXODWHGLQWRRQHVLQJOH
PDNHFKDQJHVDWWKHOHYHORIQDOUHSUHVHQWDWLRQ FRPSRQHQWDQGXVHGDVDVLQJOHSLHFHRI
IRUP LWPXVWEHPRGLHGDWWKHSURFHGXUDO JHRPHWU\$VLQJOHVFKHPDIRUDWUXVVRUDJOD]LQJ
OHYHO7KHSULPLWLYHVLQXVHVWLOOLQFOXGHOLQHVDQG SDQHOIRULQVWDQFHPLJKWEHUHSHDWHGWKURXJKRXW
VXUIDFHVEXWWKHVHDUHDVVRFLDWLYHUDWKHUWKDQ WKHSURMHFWZLWKYDULDWLRQLQVKDSHDWHYHU\
VLPSOHJHRPHWU\DQGQHZRQHVVXFKDVJOREDO LQVWDQFHFRQWUROOHGE\WKHORJLFDQGUHODWLRQVKLSV
YDULDEOHVDQGUHFWDQJXODUDUUD\VDUHDGGHGWKDW EXLOWLQWRWKHFRPSRQHQW7KLVORJLFFDQEH
DUHEDVHGRQFRPSXWDWLRQ5HODWLRQVEHWZHHQ VWDWHGHQWLUHO\ZLWKGHSHQGHQWJHRPHWU\RU
elements are constructed prior to instantiation FRGHGDWYDULRXVOHYHOVIURPVLPSOHPDWKHPDWLFDO
in real space, and so relations dependant on H[SUHVVLRQVWKURXJKVFULSWLQJWRIXOO\FRPSLOHG
VSDFHDQGVFDOHDQGWKHXVXDOQHDGMXVWPHQWV &7KHVRIWZDUHWKXVDOORZVGHVLJQHUVZLWK
WRQDOIRUPDUHQRWDVHDVLO\DFFRPPRGDWHG YDU\LQJOHYHOVRIFRPSXWLQJNQRZOHGJHWRZRUN
DVGHHSDVWKH\ZLVKDQGSURYLGHVIRUWKHPRGHO
7KLVLVRIWHQDFDXVHIRUIUXVWUDWLRQLQGHVLJQ DPHWKRGRIPRGXODULW\LQZKLFKHDFKHOHPHQWLV
VWXGHQWVLQWURGXFHGWRSDUDPHWULFGHVLJQIRU H[LEOHDQGFDSDEOHRIFRPSXWDWLRQ
WKHUVWWLPH,QWKHHGXFDWLRQDQGSUDFWLFHRI
GHVLJQLQVNHWFKLQJH[FKDQJHDQGFULWLFLVP
WKHQDOIRUPLVWKHREMHFWZKLFK HVSHFLDOO\
GXULQJWKHHDUOLHVWSKDVHV FDQEHLQWHUSUHWHG
PDQ\GLIIHUHQWZD\V7KLVLVLQIDFWDQH[WUHPHO\
LPSRUWDQWSDUWRIWKHFUHDWLYHSURFHVVHLWKHUE\
WKHLQGLYLGXDORULQJURXSV$SDUDPHWULFPRGHO
LQVWHDGUHTXLUHVDJUHDWGHDORIH[SOLFLWQHVVDQG
HIIRUWXSIURQWWRFUHDWHWKHVFKHPDDQGWKH Image 1
DELOLW\WRWKHUHDIWHUVZLWFKH[SOLFLWSURFHGXUDO
UHSUHVHQWDWLRQVRIDIRUPLVQRWSHUPLWWHG7KH $GYDQWDJHVRIWKHJHQHUDWLYHDSSURDFK
DGYDQWDJHRIWKLVDSSURDFKLVWKHDVVLVWDQFHLW 7KHREYLRXVDGYDQWDJHRIVXFKDPHWKRG
JLYHVWRWKHGHVLJQHULQVWUXFWXULQJRQHVWKRXJKWV H[SORLWHGLQPRVWH[DPSOHVRIJHQHUDWLYH
7RXQGHUVWDQGWKLVFRQFHSWXDOVKLIWLWKDVEHHQ GHVLJQLVWKDWWKHDOJRULWKPFDQUHSURGXFH
RXUSRVLWLRQWKDWWKHVNLOOVRIWKHSURJUDPPHUDUH DVFKHPDZLWKFKDQJHVWRLWVGLPHQVLRQRU
QHFHVVDU\LQWKHIXWXUHRIGHVLJQ FRQJXUDWLRQDQGWKHUHE\FUHDWHIRUPVERWK
RIJUHDWFRPSOH[LW\DQGZLWKDUHVSRQVLYHQHVV
Introduction to Generative Components WRFRQGLWLRQVDQGHQYLURQPHQW$SURMHFWE\
%HQWOH\V*HQHUDWLYH&RPSRQHQWV *& FXUUHQWO\ 7DNHKLNR,VHNLW\SLHVWKLVLQZKLFKVRODUSDWKV
LQEHWDWHVWLQJZDVPDGHDYDLODEOHWRWKH PLQHUDOFRQWHQWDQGRWKHUHQYLURQPHQWDOIDFWRUV
WZHQW\VL[%DUWOHWWVWXGHQWVKDOIGUDZQIURP RIDVDOWZDWHUVLWHVHUYHDVSDUDPHWHUVWRIRUP
WKHGHVLJQGLSORPDXQLWVDQGKDOI06FVWXGHQWV DVXUIDFHLGHDOO\VXLWHGWRVDOWFU\VWDOOLVDWLRQ
LQ$GDSWLYH$UFKLWHFWXUHDQG&RPSXWDWLRQZLWK RQWKHHGJHRIWKH'HDG6HD7KHUHVXOWLVD
SULRUSURJUDPPLQJH[SHULHQFH7KH*&VRIWZDUH VZHHSLQJFXUYHGSODQHWKDWUHVSRQGVWRWKH
LVEDVHGRQDWUDGLWLRQDO&$'LQWHUIDFHH[FHSW FKDQJHVLQWKHVLWHDQGHQYLURQPHQWZLWK
WKDWDSURMHFWLVVLPXOWDQHRXVO\UHSUHVHQWHGE\ PLOOLRQVRIXQLTXHHOHPHQWV6XFKDIRUPDVWKH
WZRPRGHOVRQHJHRPHWULFDQG JHQHUDWLYHPRGHOSURGXFHVLVZHOOEH\RQG
160 SiGraDi2006 / Educacion y Desarrollo Academico

WKHFDSDFLW\RIDKXPDQGHVLJQHUWRUHDOLVH
WKURXJKFRQYHQWLRQDOGUDZLQJVWLOOOHVVWKURXJK
FRQVWUXFWLRQPHWKRGVEDVHGRQVWDQGDUGLVDWLRQ

Image 3b

VXEYHUWWKLVJULG$FROODERUDWLYHZRUNEHWZHHQ
0LFKDHO*HRUJLRXDQG<LDQQLV.DQDNDNLVLQYROYHG
WKHSODFHPHQWRIWULDQJXODUFRPSRQHQWVRQ
DWRSRORJLFDOO\LUUHJXODUVXUIDFHWKHORJLFRI
ZKLFKLVLPPHGLDWHO\JUDVSHGLQVSDWLDOWHUPV
EXWGLIFXOWWRGHQHSDUDPHWULFDOO\7KDQNIXOO\
WKLVFDQEHRYHUFRPHZLWKDOLWWOHSURJUDPPLQJ
Image 2 XVLQJDQDOJRULWKPWRVRUWDQGLQGH[QRGHSRLQWV
EXWWKLVUHTXLUHVHIIRUW7KHQXPEHURISURMHFWV
Limits of the approach ZKLFKKDYHUHTXLUHGVXFKDVWHSVXJJHVWVWKDW
%XWDQ\WRRODVZLWKDQ\PHWKRGRIZRUNLQJ PRUHLQWXLWLYHRUVSDWLDOPHWKRGVRIGDWD
LQXHQFHVWKHUHVXOWRIWKHGHVLJQHUVFUHDWLYLW\ DFFHVVPLJKWEHGHYHORSHGLQWKHIXWXUH
)RUDOOWKHH[LELOLW\WKDWDXQLYHUVDOSURJUDPPLQJ :KLOHDQ\PHWKRGRIZRUNLQJLPSRVHVFHUWDLQ
ODQJXDJHSURYLGHVWKHVWUXFWXUHRI*&DOORZV FRQVWUDLQWVWKHGLUHFWFRQWURORQHKDVRYHU
VRPHIRUPVWREHSURGXFHGZLWKHDVHZKLOHRWKHUV JHRPHWU\LQPDQXDOGUDZLQJRUWUDGLWLRQDO
UHTXLUHUDWKHUPRUHHIIRUW2YHUWKHSDVWWKUHH &$'UHHFWVWKHZD\ZHWKLQNDERXWIRUP7KH
\HDUVRIZRUNVKRSVKHOGGXULQJWKHGHYHORSPHQW SRWHQWLDOGDQJHURIWKHJHQHUDWLYHDSSURDFKOLHV
RIWKH*&VRIWZDUHWKHPRVWFRPPRQPHWKRG LQWKHIDFWWKDWLWVSURFHGXUDOVWUXFWXUHPD\
IRUSURGXFLQJJHRPHWU\KDVEHHQWRUHSOLFDWH EHWRRDEVWUDFWDQGGLVWLQFWIURPWKHQHHGVRI
DFRPSRQHQWRYHUWKHUHFWDQJXODU89JULGRID WKHSURMHFW,QWKHZRUVWFDVHWKHGHVLJQHULV
GRXEO\FXUYHGEVSOLQHVXUIDFH JXLGHGLQWRPDNLQJDIRUPWKDWPDNHVVHQVH
only virtually.
:KLOHSURJUDPPLQJODQJXDJHVDQGJHRPHWU\
DUHXQLYHUVDOLQLQWHQWWKHLUFRQVWUDLQWVRQ A way forward
WKHGHVLJQSURFHVVZHUHVWLOOQRWDEOHGXULQJ %XWWKHVROXWLRQWRWKLVSUREOHPDOVRSRWHQWLDOO\
WKHZRUNVKRS7KHGHIDXOWGDWDVWUXFWXUHV OLHVLQWKHIDFWWKDWWKLVPHWKRGRIZRUNLQJ
RIFRPSXWHUODQJXDJHV LQSDUWLFXODUWKH LVSURFHGXUDOUDWKHUWKDQJHRPHWULF:KDWLV
UHFWDQJXODUDUUD\ UHSODFHRQHVFKHPDOLPLWDWLRQ EHLQJGHVLJQHGLVQRWWKHQDOIRUPEXWWKH
ZLWKDQRWKHU7KHLQGH[LQJRIGDWDLQWKLVZD\ VWHSVWDNHQWRJHQHUDWHWKDWIRUPDQGLIWKHVH
LVFRQFHSWXDOO\KDUGZLUHGLQWRPXFKRIRXU VWHSVDUHFORVHO\JURXQGHGLQWKHUHDOLW\RIWKH
WKLQNLQJERWKLQ&$'DQGLQFRGH7KLVLVLQSDUW SURMHFWWKHQWKHJHQHUDWLYHSURFHVVDFWXDOO\
EHFDXVHWKHVWUXFWXUHDQGSULPLWLYHVDUHEDVHG IRUFHVRQHWRFRQVLGHUWKHORJLFRIWKHGHVLJQRQ
QRWRQJHRPHWU\EXWSURJUDPPLQJORJLFRQ DGHHSHUOHYHOWKDQWKDWRIVLPSOHJHRPHWU\DQG
WKHGUDZLQJ

7KLVLVWKHDGYDQWDJHRIHTXLSSLQJGHVLJQHUVZLWK
DOJRULWKPLFWKRXJKW7KHWHDFKLQJDLPVRIWKH
ZRUNVKRSKDYHEHHQWRIRUJHDFORVHUFRQQHFWLRQ
EHWZHHQWKLVSURFHGXUHRIIRUPJHQHUDWLRQDQG
WKHUHDOFRQVWUXFWHGGHVLJQLQRQHRIWZRZD\V
HLWKHULQKRZLWLVEXLOWRULQKRZLWSHUIRUPV
Image 3 7KHVHWZRDUHDVDUHSDUWLFXODUO\DLGHGE\WKH
JHQHUDWLYHSURFHGXUDODSSURDFKEHFDXVHWKH\
VXFKVWUXFWXUHVDVUHFWDQJXODULQWHJHULQGH[HG DUHWKHPVHOYHVWLPHGHSHQGHQWSURFHVVHVWKH
DUUD\VRIGDWD(YHQWKHSURMHFWDERYHIRUDOO ORJLFRIZKLFKLVQRWFDSWXUHGLQWKHWUDGLWLRQDO
LWVFRPSOH[LW\LVVWLOODUHSHWLWLRQRIDPRGXODU VWDWLFGUDZLQJ,QWKHUVWFDVHWKHPHWKRGRI
HOHPHQWEDVHGRQDUHFWDQJXODUJULG IDEULFDWLRQPD\EHGHSHQGHQWRQWRROSDWKVDQG
WROHUDQFHVWKDWFDQEHVLPXODWHGLQWKHVFULSWOH
7KXVDSSUR[LPDWHO\KDOIRIWKHSURMHFWVLQWKH WKDWFUHDWHVWKHJHRPHWU\VRWKDWWKHGHVLJQHG
ZRUNVKRSDWWHPSWHGLQVRPHIDVKLRQWR REMHFWLVDFWXDOO\EXLOWYLUWXDOO\UDWKHU
Teaching Parametric Design in Code and Construction 161

WKDQVLPSO\GUDZQDVDFRPSOHWHIRUP7KLV HUURUVDQGQGLQJDQRSWLPDOJHRPHWU\IRU
IRUFHVWKHGHVLJQHUWRFRQVLGHUWKHXQGHUO\LQJ TXDGULODWHUDOSDWFKHV$QDUELWUDU\VXUIDFHFDQ
FRQVWUXFWLRQORJLFZLWKVRPHULJRXUHYHQGXULQJ EHXVHGDVDJXLGHDQGWKHDOJRULWKPVHWWR
WKHLQLWLDOGHVLJQSKDVH,QWKHVHFRQGFDVHWKDW GHVLJQWRWROHUDQFHVDQGOLPLWVGLFWDWHGHLWKHUE\
RISHUIRUPDQFHZHFRQVLGHURSWLPLVDWLRQ7KH DSURMHFWEULHIRUE\WKHPDFKLQLQJSURFHVVWR
EHKDYLRXURIDYLUWXDOPRGHOFDQEHVLPXODWHG EHXVHGLQFRQVWUXFWLRQ
E\WKHDOJRULWKPWRSUHGLFWSURSHUWLHVVXFKDV
VWUXFWXUDOHIFLHQF\RUPHFKDQLFDOPRYHPHQW Conclusion
DQGZKHQFRXSOHGZLWKDQLQLWLDOSDUDPHWULF 0XFKJHQHUDWLYHGHVLJQWRGD\LVSURGXFHGIRU
VFKHPDWKHUHSHDWHGVLPXODWLRQFDQEHXVHGWR LWVRZQVDNHVLPSO\DVDQH[SORUDWLRQRIWKH
QGDQDOIRUPWKDWPHHWVVWDWHGJRDOV PHWKRG,WLVVWLOODQHZWHFKQRORJ\DQGUHTXLUHV
'XHWRWLPHFRQVWUDLQWVIDEULFDWLRQGXULQJ QHZWHFKQLTXHVRIPRGHOOLQJDQGWKLQNLQJ
WKHZRUNVKRSZDVOLPLWHGWRWZRGLPHQVLRQDO $JUHDWGHDORIDFWLYLW\DVDQHZXVHUDQGLQ
ODVHUFXWWLQJ:KLOH*&KDVLQEXLOWIXQFWLRQVIRU ZRUNVKRSVVXFKDVWKLVLVWKHUHIRUHIRFXVHGRQ
VHJPHQWLQJDQGDWWHQLQJFXUYHGVXUIDFHVIRU JHWWLQJRYHUFRQFHSWXDOKXUGOHVVXFKDVWKH
WKLVODUJHO\DXWRPDWHGSURFHVVWKHFRQVLGHUDWLRQ IRUPDOSUHGLVSRVLWLRQRIJULGRUWKHKLHUDUFKLFDO
RIDORJLFDORUGHURIDVVHPEO\RIWULDQJXODWHGRU QDWXUHRIDGHSHQGHQWPRGHO
TXDGULODWHUDOVHJPHQWHGVWULSVZDVIRXQGWREH :HVHHWKHGHVLJQVWXGLRRIWKHIXWXUHDV
KLJKO\XVHIXOLQSODQQLQJWKHLQLWLDOPRGHO LQWHJUDWLQJSURFHVVDQGPDQXIDFWXULQJ%DVHGRQ
ZKDWZHVHHFXUUHQWO\LQGHYHORSPHQWLWVHHPV
5DWKHUWKDQH[SORULQJRSWLPLVDWLRQWKURXJK DFORVHUFRQQHFWLRQZLWKGHVLJQDQGEXLOGLQJ
YLUWXDODQDO\VHVWKHZRUNVKRSSURYLGHGDQ SURFHVVLVSRVVLEOHE\DOLJQLQJWKHSURFHGXUDO
RSSRUWXQLW\IRUVRPHWRFRPELQHERWKWKH ZRUNLQJPHWKRGLPSOLHGE\VXFKJHQHUDWLYH
DXWRPDWHGIDEULFDWLRQSURFHVVZLWKRSWLPLVDWLRQ VRIWZDUHHLWKHUZLWKWKHSURFHGXUHRIIDEULFDWLRQ
$OWKRXJKYLUWXDOVLPXODWLRQZDVFRQVLGHUHGIRU RUZLWKRSWLPLVDWLRQRIWKHQDOIRUP,QERWK
VHYHUDOSURMHFWVWKHSDUDPHWULFVHWXSDORQJ FDVHVWKHGHVLJQHULVPDGHWRFRQVLGHUDVSHFWV
ZLWKUDSLGSURWRW\SLQJDOORZVWKHWHVWLQJRI RIDSURMHFWVEHKDYLRXUDVDPDWWHURIFRXUVH
PRGHOVWRRFFXULQSK\VLFDOUHDOLW\:HL6KDQ UDWKHUWKDQVLPSO\LWVJHRPHWU\,WLVRXUKRSHDQG
&KLDVSURMHFWIRUDGHSOR\DEOHVWUXFWXUHPDGH EHOLHIWKDWLQERWKFDVHVWKHGHVLJQHUFDQKDYHD
IURPIROGHGVXUIDFHVDUUD\HGDVLPSOHKLQJHG PXFKFORVHUUHODWLRQVKLSWRWKHSURFHVVRIPDNLQJ
PRGXOHRYHUDFRPSOH[FXUYHDGMXVWLQJWKH
JHRPHWU\RIHDFKLQVWDQFHWRW7KHFKDQJHV Acknowledgements
LQVKDSHDVWKHPRGHOLVIROGHGFRXOGKDYHEHHQ :HZRXOGOLNHWRWKDQN5REHUW$LVKDQG%RE6KHLO
VLPXODWHGEXWZDVFRQVWUXFWHGWRWHVWERWKWKH IRUKHOSLQJWRRUJDQLVHWKHZRUNVKRSDQGDOO
FKDQJHVLQIRUPDVWKHVWUXFWXUHVIROGDQGWKH WKHSDUWLFLSDQWVSDUWLFXODUO\&DUROLQD%ULRQHV
WROHUDQFHRIWKHPDWHULDOV,Q)UHG*XWWHOGV /D]R3U]HPHN-DZRUVNL7DNHKLNR,VHNL0LFKDHO
ELUGWDEOHFRPSRQHQWVZHUHGHVLJQHGWRPRYH *HRUJLRX<LDQQLV.DQDNDNLV:HL6KDQ&KLD)UHG
LQUHVSRQVHWRWKHZHLJKWRIWKHELUGVLQWHUDFWLQJ *XWWHOGDQG0DUWKD7VLJNDULZKRKDYHDOORZHG
ZLWKWKHSURMHFW7KHEDODQFHLQSDUWLFXODURI WKHLUZRUNWREHSXEOLVKHG
WKHVHZDVQHWXQHGE\WHVWLQJPDQ\GLIIHUHQW
SURWRW\SHVPDGHIURPWKHSDUDPHWULFPRGHO References
.RODUHYHF%  $UFKLWHFWXUHLQWKH'LJLWDO
Alternatively, a virtual optimisation process $JH'HVLJQDQG0DQXIDFWXULQJ
FDQEHLPSOHPHQWHGWKDWWDNHVWKHIDEULFDWLRQ 7D\ORU )UDQFLV/RQGRQ
PHWKRGLQWRDFFRXQW7RPDQXIDFWXUHGRXEO\
FXUYHGVXUIDFHVXVLQJWKHODVHUFXWWHURUIURP /RXNLVVDV<DQG6DVV/  5XOHEXLOGLQJD
&1&PLOOHGWLOHV0DUWKD7VLJNDULGHYHORSHGDQ JHQHUDWLYHDSSURDFKWRPRGHOOLQJDUFKLWHFWXUH
DJHQWVLPXODWLRQWRZDONWKHVXUIDFHHVWLPDWLQJ XVLQJ'SULQWHUV,Q%HHVOH\3&KHQJ1<:DQG
:LOOLDPVRQ56 HGV SURFHHGLQJV$&$',$

:RRGEXU\5  (YHU\'HVLJQHULVDQ(GLWRU


,Q%HHVOH\3+LURVXH65X[WRQ-7XUQHU&DQG
7UDQNOH0 HGV 5HVSRQVLYH$UFKLWHFWXUHV6XEWOH
7HFKQRORJLHV5LYHUVLGH$UFKLWHFWXUDO3UHVV

Keywords:
Parametric, Generative,
Image 4 Fabrication, Programming.

You might also like