ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY II HDP112

DIPLOMA IN PHYSIOTHERAPY
HDP 112
ANATOMY & PHYSIOLOGY II (SEP 2016)
CA 1

1. The bulk of the heart consists of.

a cardiac muscle
b smooth muscle
c striated muscle
d connective tissue.

2. The base of heart lies in the .

a 2nd intercostal space-left side

b 2nd intercostal space-right side
c 5th intercostal space-right side
d 5th intercostal space- left side

3. The _____________ has the thickest wall because it pumps blood to the
________________.

a right atrium; systemic circuit

b right ventricle; lungs
c left atrium; lungs
d left ventricle; systemic circuit

4. The valve located between the left atrium and the left ventricle is the..

a tricuspid valve
b bicuspid valve
c mitral valve
d semilunar valve
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5. The impulse for cardiac contraction ends at____________

a SA node
b AV node
c Bundle of his
d Purkinje fiber

6. Natural pacemaker of heart is __________

a SA node
b AV node
c Bundle of His
d Purkinje fiber

7. Normal value for diastole pressure is ____________

a 80 mmHg
b 100 mmHg
c 120 mmHg
d 130 mmHg

8. Cardiac output is equal to:

a HR x SV
b HR/SV
c EDV-ESV
d (EDV-SV) X HR

9. The central cardiac control region is in the _____ of the brain.

a hypothalamus
b medulla oblongata
c cerebellum
d pons
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10. Stroke volume is the amount of blood pumped out by each ventricle:

a with each heartbeat

b in one minute
c in one second
d None of the above

11. In which choice are the components of the cardiac conduction system listed in
the correct sequence?
a SA node, AV bundle, AV node, Purkinje fibers
b SA node, AV node, AV bundle, Purkinje fibers
c AV node, SA node, Purkinje fibers, AV bundle
d AV node, AV bundle, SA node, Purkinje fibers

12. The circulatory pathway that carries blood from the digestive tract towards the
liver is termed the:
a coronary circuit
b cerebral circuit
c hepatic portal circuit
d pulmonary circuit

13. Immediately following strenuous and vigorous exercise, which of the following
is most likely to occur?
a blood will be rapidly diverted to the digestive organs
b the skin will be cold and clammy
c capillaries of the active muscles will be engorged with blood
d blood flow to the kidneys quickly increases

14. What does the electrocardiogram (ECG) QRS wave indicate is happening in
the heart?

a The atria are depolarizing

b The ventricles are depolarizing while the atria repolarize.
c The ventricles are repolarizing.
d The heart is at rest
 ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY II HDP112

15. _________acts as a flap that prevent food from entering the trachea.

a Larynx
b Throid cartilage
c Cricoid cartilage
d Epiglottios

16. A large muscle that separates the chest cavity from the abdominal cavity and
helps with breathing is ________________
a larynx
b trachea
c diaphragm
d rectus abdominis

17. Voice box refer to ..

a pharynx
b trachea
c larynx
d epiglottis

18. The parts of the respiratory system over which air passes before reaching the
bronchi, in order of their occurrence, are:
a nasal cavity, larynx, and pharynx.
b mouth, tonsils, and conchae
c nasal cavity, pharynx, and epiglottis
d nasal cavity, trachea, and esophagus

19. The bronchi enter the lungs at the area called the __________.

a apex
b base
c hilum
d None of the above

20. The very small functional units of the lung ...............

 ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY II HDP112

a are named caveolae

b expand by smooth muscle contraction in inspiration
c are named alveoli
d are the bronchioles.

21. Which of these lung volumes/capacities is the largest?

a Expiratory reserve volume

b Inspiratory reserve volume
c Tidal volume
d Vital capacity

22. The exchange of gases between blood and cells is called:

a internal respiration
b internal ventilation
c external respiration
d pulmonary ventilation

23. The amount of air that leaves the lungs under normal conditions is called the
__________.

a tidal volume
b residual volume
c total lung capacity
d vital capacity

24. The large muscle involved in breathing that separates the thoracic and
abdominal cavities is the __________.

a intercostal muscle
b breathing muscle
c bronchiolar muscle
d diaphragm

25. What is the function of the pleurae?

a to compartmentalize, protect, and lubricate the lungs

b to serve as a passageway and for the continued cleansing of air
c to produce mucus
ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY II HDP112

d to lighten the skull