PWM no XC8

/*
* usando PWM no MPlab XC8
*
* Compilador : MPlabXC8
* Microcontrolador: 16F877A
* Autor: aguivone
* Verso: 1
* Data : 12 de maro de 2013
*/
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#define _XTAL_FREQ 4000000 // cristal de 4 Mhz
#include <xc.h>
/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////configuraes//////////////
////////////////////////////////////
#pragma config FOSC = HS // Oscillator Selection bits (HS oscillator)
#pragma config WDTE = OFF // Watchdog Timer Enable bit (WDT disabled)
#pragma config PWRTE = OFF // Power-up Timer Enable bit (PWRT disabled)
#pragma config BOREN = OFF // Brown-out Reset Enable bit (BOR disabled)
#pragma config LVP = OFF // Low-Voltage (Single-Supply) In-Circuit Serial
Programming Enable bit (RB3 is digital I/O, HV on MCLR must be used for program
ming)
#pragma config CPD = OFF // Data EEPROM Memory Code Protection bit (Data
EEPROM code protection off)
#pragma config WRT = OFF // Flash Program Memory Write Enable bits (Write
protection off; all program memory may be written to by EECON control)
#pragma config CP = OFF // Flash Program Memory Code Protection bit (Cod
e protection off)

///////////////////////////////////////////////////interrupo//////////////////////
////////////////////////////////////////
void interrupt interrupcao(void)//vetor de interrupo
{
if(TMR2IF)
{//interrupo do timer2
TMR2IF = 0;//no ser usado
}
if(CCP1IF)
{//interrupo do ccp1
CCP1IF = 0;//no ser usado
}
}
void inicializa_PWM1(char prescaler,char pr2,char postcaler)//prescaler / PR2 /
postcaler
{
switch(prescaler)
{
case 1:
{
prescaler = 0;
}break;
case 4:
{
 prescaler = 1;
}break;
case 16:
{
prescaler = 3;
}break;
}
T2CON = (postcaler - 1)<<3;
T2CON = T2CON + 4 + prescaler;//o 4 para habilitar o timer 2
PR2 = pr2;
CCP1CON = 0X0F;//habilita pwm
CCP1IE = 1;//habilita modulo ccp1
TMR2IE = 1; //habilita timer 2
}
void duty_cicle(int valor)
{
int baixo = (valor << 4)|0X0C;//assim mantem os 4 bits mais baixo como 1100 -
modo pwm
CCPR1L = valor >> 2;
CCP1CON = baixo;
}
//////////////////////////////////////////////////////Rotina principal//////////
/////////////////////////////////////////////////////
void main(void)
{
TRISC = 0; //configura como saida
PORTC = 0; // limpar as portas que esto configuradas como saidas
inicializa_PWM1(4,250,1);//1khz veja no comentario abaixo "SUGESTO DE DEFINES
:"
PEIE = 1;//habilita interrupo de perifericos do pic
GIE = 1; //GIE: Global Interrupt Enable bit
// N = (Fosc/(Fpwm * 4 * prescaler))
//N = (4.000.000/(1000*4*1)) = 1000 incrementos
duty_cicle(500);//1000 passos ,supondo que se queira 50% basta por a metade
deste valor = 500.
for(;;)
{
//faz nada
}//loop infinito
}

/*
*
*/

/*calculos para pwm

*
* periodo do pwm
*
* Tpwm = [PR2+1]*4*Tosc*prescaler(do timer2)
*
* duty cycle
* <bits 5e4>
* D = (CCPR1L + CCP1CON) * Tosc * prescaler (do timer2)
*
 * numero de passos do pwm
*
* N = (Fosc/(Fpwm * 4 * prescaler))
*/
/*
SUGESTO DE DEFINES :
* use estes valores como referencia
*
//clock de 4mhz
#define PWM_250HZ_CLK4 inicializa_PWM1(16, 250, 1) //
#define PWM_500HZ_CLK4 inicializa_PWM1(16, 125, 1) //
#define PWM_1KHZ_CLK4 inicializa_PWM1(4, 250, 1) //
#define PWM_1K25HZ_CLK4 inicializa_PWM1(16, 50, 1) //
#define PWM_2KHZ_CLK4 inicializa_PWM1(4, 125, 1) //
#define PWM_2K5HZ_CLK4 inicializa_PWM1(4, 100, 1) //
#define PWM_4KHZ_CLK4 inicializa_PWM1(1, 250, 1) //
#define PWM_5KHZ_CLK4 inicializa_PWM1(1, 200, 1) //
#define PWM_8KHZ_CLK4 inicializa_PWM1(1, 125, 1) //
#define PWM_10KHZ_CLK4 inicializa_PWM1(1, 100, 1) //
#define PWM_20KHZ_CLK4 inicializa_PWM1(1, 50, 1) //
#define PWM_25KHZ_CLK4 inicializa_PWM1(1, 40, 1) //
#define PWM_100KHZ_CLK4 inicializa_PWM1(1, 10, 1) //
//clock de 8mhz
#define PWM_500HZ_CLK8 inicializa_PWM1(16, 250, 1) //
#define PWM_1KHZ_CLK8 inicializa_PWM1(16, 125, 1) //
#define PWM_2KHZ_CLK8 inicializa_PWM1(4, 250, 1) //
#define PWM_2K5HZ_CLK8 inicializa_PWM1(16, 50, 1) //
#define PWM_4KHZ_CLK8 inicializa_PWM1(4, 125, 1) //
#define PWM_5KHZ_CLK8 inicializa_PWM1(4, 100, 1) //
#define PWM_8KHZ_CLK8 inicializa_PWM1(1, 250, 1) //
#define PWM_10KHZ_CLK8 inicializa_PWM1(1, 200, 1) //
#define PWM_16KHZ_CLK8 inicializa_PWM1(1, 125, 1) //
#define PWM_20KHZ_CLK8 inicializa_PWM1(1, 100, 1) //
#define PWM_40KHZ_CLK8 inicializa_PWM1(1, 50, 1) //
#define PWM_50KHZ_CLK8 inicializa_PWM1(1, 40, 1) //
#define PWM_200KHZ_CLK8 inicializa_PWM1(1, 10, 1) //
//clock de 16mhz
#define PWM_1KHZ_CLK16 inicializa_PWM1(16, 250, 1) //
#define PWM_2KHZ_CLK16 inicializa_PWM1(16, 125, 1) //
#define PWM_4KHZ_CLK16 inicializa_PWM1(4, 250, 1) //
#define PWM_5KHZ_CLK16 inicializa_PWM1(16, 50, 1) //
#define PWM_8KHZ_CLK16 inicializa_PWM1(4, 125, 1) //
#define PWM_10KHZ_CLK16 inicializa_PWM1(4, 100, 1) //
#define PWM_16KHZ_CLK16 inicializa_PWM1(1, 250, 1) //
#define PWM_20KHZ_CLK16 inicializa_PWM1(1, 200, 1) //
#define PWM_32KHZ_CLK16 inicializa_PWM1(1, 125, 1) //
#define PWM_40KHZ_CLK16 inicializa_PWM1(1, 100, 1) //
#define PWM_80KHZ_CLK16 inicializa_PWM1(1, 50, 1) //
#define PWM_100KHZ_CLK16 inicializa_PWM1(1, 40, 1) //
#define PWM_400KHZ_CLK16 inicializa_PWM1(1, 10, 1) //
*/