qq) Designation: A 336/A 336M ~ 89 Standard Specification for Steel Forgings, Alloy, for Pressure and High-Temperature Parts’ “This standard is sued under the fixed designation A 336/A 336M: th {eat of orginal adoption oF, inthe case of revision, the year of last revision, feapproval. A superscript epsilon ()indiaes an 1. Scope 1.1 This specification? covers both ferritic and austenitic steel forgings for boilers, pressure vessels, high-temperature paris, and associated equipment. 1.2 Forgings made of steel grades listed in Specification ‘A 335/A 335M, may also be ordered under this specification, ‘The chemical, tensile, heat treatment, and marking require- ments of Specification A 335/A 335M shall apply, except the forging shall conform to the chemical requirements of Table 1 of Specification A 335/A 335M only with respect to heat analysis. On check analysis they may deviate from these limits to the extent permitted in Table 2 of this specification. 1.3 Supplementary Requirements SI to $9 are provided for use when additional testing or inspection is desired. These shall apply only when specified individually by the purchaser in the order. 1.4 The values stated in either inch-pound units or SI (metric) units are to be regarded separately as standards. Within the text and tables, the SI units are shown in brackets. The values stated in each system are not exact equivalents; therefore, each system must be used indepen- dent of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in nonconformance with the specification. 1.5 Unless the order specifies the applicable “M” specifi- cation designation, the material shall be furnished to the inch-pound units. Referenced Documents 2.1 ASTM Standards: ‘A275/A 275M Method for Magnetic Particle Examina- tion of Steel Forgings? 'A.335/A 335M Specification for Seamless, Ferritic Alloy Steel Pipe for High-Temperature Service® ‘A370 Methods and Definitions for Mechanical Testing of Steel Products** ‘A 188 Specification for Steel Forgings, General Require- ments? E 112 Method for Determining Average Grain Size® "This pesfication is under the jucsdcton of ASTM Committe A! on Stee Staines Stel and Related Alloys and isthe direct responsiblity of Subcommites ‘AD106 on Stel Forgings and Bilt Current editian approves Aug. 25, 1989. Published October 1989. Originally published as A'396~55 T. Last previous edition A 336/A 336M ~ 88. For ASME Boiler and Pressure Vesel Cede applications ve related Speci cation $A-336 in Seton I ofthat Code. Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 01.05. * Anmial Book of ASTM Standard, Vol 01.01 5 Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 01.03. ‘annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 03.0. 162 1: number immediately fllowing the designation indicates the ‘A oumber in parentheses indicates the year of lst oral change since the lst revision oF reapproval. E 165 Practice for Liquid Penetrant Inspection Method” 2.2 Other Standard: ‘ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code, Section 1X, Welding Qualifications* 3. Ordering Information and General Requirements 3.1 In addition to the ordering information required by Specification A788, the purchaser shall include with the inquiry and order a detailed drawing, sketch, or written description of the forging. The intended use shall be stated if 5.1 is applicable. 3.2 Material supplied to this specification shall conform to the requirements of Specification A788, which outlines additional ordering information, manufacturing require- ments, testing and retesting methods and procedures, marking, certification, product analysis variations, and addi- tional supplementary requirements. 3.3 If the requirements of this specification are in conflict with the requirements of Specification A 788, the require- ‘ments of this specification shall prevail 4, Melting and Forging 4.1 In addition to the melting and forging requirements of Specification A 788 which may be supplemented by Supple- mentary Requirement S8, the following conditions apply: 4.1.1 Austenitic grades of steel shall not be produced by the open-hearth process. 4.1.2 A sufficient discard shall be made to secure freedom from injurious pipe and undue segregation. Nore 1—Because of difficulties in retaining, nitrogen, vacuum melting or remelting processes should not be specified for Grades F3OAN, F304LN, F3I6N, F3I6LN and FXM-11 5. Machining 5.1. Forged pressure vessels for steam power service shall have the inner surface machined or ground. Unfired pressure ‘vessels shall have the inner surfaces sufliciently free of scale ‘to permit inspection. 5.2 When rough machining is performed, it may be done either before or after heat treatment. 6, Heat Treatment 6.1 The ferritic steel forgings shall be annealed or normal- ized and tempered but alternatively may be liquid quenched. and tempered when mutually agreed upon between the > Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 03.03 + Rinllable fom the Amencan Society of Mechanical Engineer. 345 Eas 47¢h St. New York, NY 10017,) A 336/A 336M TABLE 1 Chemical Requirements _ Composition, % Ferrite Stee Cass Element FFI FIIA, rie SS Fe FSA* 9 Carbon 020-030 010-030 —«005-015 010-020 OiSmax O25max O15 max O12 max Manganese 060-080 030-080 030-060 030-080 030-060 «60mm «030-060 100 man Phosphorus. max 0025, 0.025 0.005 0025 0.025 02s 0.025 0028. Sulu, max 0.025 0.025 0.025 0.025 0.025 0.025 0.025 0.025 Silicon 020-035 050-100 050-1100 0.10-060 «0 S0max = S0max 080-1001 Oo mex Nickel 050 ™max 0.50 max 050 max Grromum 100-150 ¥00-150 © ago-r10 40-60, 40-60 800-1000 115-135, Molyodenm 040-060 045-065 o4s-o6 045-065 045-085 O4S-065 080-110, (tase Elorent Fa1, FOIA #22, F224 ~FRMDTCO Garoon (005-015 005-075 O01 max Manganese 030-080 030-060 0.40 max Phosphorus, max 01025, 0.025 0.025 Sur, max 0.025 0.025 2.028 Siicon 0.50 max 050mae O40 max Nox 0.50 max® Comin 265-025 © 2oo2sn © 250-275 Molybdenum 080-105 090-150 75-150, Vanadium Copper 0.20 max ogen 0.015 max Colurbiam 005-020 Element Cass F31 Fav Garton 006-012 010-015 Manganese 030-050 0.30-0.00 Phosprons, max 0025 0.020 ‘Sur, mae 0.025 0.020 ‘Sticon 020-050 010 Neko 0.40 max (Chromium 300-950 265-225 Metyoaonn 085-105 090-1110 Vanadium 018-025 020-020 (Cotrm 006-0110 Nitrogen 003-007 ‘Auman (0.08 max Boron 0.001-0.003 Thar 0.015.0.095 163(i) A 336/A 336M panandde se wnaunon ova yo 1880} PAIN au atssuco 990 ssp voRseD "wrUAeL “S10 24 61 PALES YOR 9g feu wryese Aereuony) % 0) Ueuk 90u 10U VE "4030 ve 204! 104 pu 5 oquks vonesynvopr 4 joqws voneagivap au geo eu sown va py ‘Suoa "Bagh 80d ce ne sono xo, soneapD0 NISY Se sem S561 01 SOON [LOGED UNUAKEL! $20) VE SSID RHO OL uneven, anewe, 164hb A 336/A 336m loss] 0 noses) noves soe} oe| oe se ‘aaag SWEET 000 09 | = seas ou (eam ‘tuans 5404 ‘Swowounbou ensue @ STEVE 165Gb) A 336/a 336M manufacturer and the purchaser. For Class F91 forgings the normalizing temperature shall be in the range of 1900 to 2000°F {1040 to 1095°C]. Normalizing or liquid quenching shall be followed by tempering at a subcritical temperature, Minimum tempering temperature shall be 1100°F [595°C], except for the following classes: Minimum Tempering ss ‘Temperature, FC] Fe 1130 620), Fil 1130 (620), Fuia. 1130 (6201, Fup 1130 (620), Fs 1930 (675), 1230 (675), FRA 1280 {675} FV 1350 [673] Fa 1250 65} F 1330 (730) 6.2 All austenitic material shall be furnished in the heat-treated condition. The heat treatment shall consist of heating the material to a minimum temperature of 1900°F [1040°C] except for Classes F321H, F347H, and F348H, which shall be solution treated at 1925°F [10S0°C] min. imum, Solution treatment shall be followed by quenching in water or rapidly cooling by other means. 6.2.1 Class FXM-I1 and FXM-19 shall be solution an- nealed at 1950 + 25°F (1065 + 15°C]. 6.2.2 Class F46 shall be solution annealed at temperatures in the range 2010-2140°F [1100-1170°C} followed by water quenching or other means of rapid cooling, 7. Chemical Composition 7.1 Heat Analysis—The heat analysis obtained from sam- pling in accordance with Specification A788 and shall comply with Table 1 7.2 Product Analysis—The manufacturer shall use the Product analysis provision of Specification A 788 to obtain a Product analysis from a forging representing each heat or multiple heat, Boron is not subject to product analysis. The purchaser may also make this determination in accordance with Specification A 788, 8. Mechanical Properties 8.1 General Requirements—The material shall conform to the requirements for mechanical properties prescribed in Table 2. The largest obtainable tension test specimen as specified in Methods and Definitions A 370 shall be used. 8.1.1 The longitudinal axis of the specimens shall be parallel to the direction of major working of the forging, except when Supplementary Requirement S2 is specified. For upset disk forgings, the longitudinal axis of the test specimen shall be in the tangential direction, 8.1.1.1 The longitudinal axis of the specimen shall be located midway between the parallel surfaces of the test extension if added to the periphery of disks or midway between the center and surface of solid forgings. For hollow forgings, the longitudinal axis of the specimens shall be located midway between the center and outer surfaces of the wall. When separately forged test blocks are employed. as defined in 8.1.3, the tension test specimens shall be taken from a location which represents the midwall of the heaviest section of the production forgings. When specimens are required from opposite ends, they shall be taken from the 166 diagonal corners of an axial plane. Alternatively. and when specified, the specimens shall be taken in accordance with Supplementary Requirement $3. 8.1.2 Except as specified herein, tests for acceptance shall be made after heat treatment has been completed in accord- ance with Section 6. When the ends of the cylindrical forgings are closed in by reforging, the cylindrical forgings may be normalized and tempered or annealed and sted before reforging, After reforging, the entire forging shall be reheat-treated in the same manner and at the same temper ature range as employed when the forging was heat treated before cerification testing, 8.1.3 When mutually agreed upon between the manufac. turer and the purchaser, test specimens may be machined from a specially forged block suitably worked and heat treated with the production forgings. Such a special block shall be obtained from an ingot, slab. or billet from the same heat used to make the forgings it represents. This block shall receive essentially the same type of hot-working and forging reduction as the production forgings; however, a longitudi- nally forged bar with dimensions not less than T by T by 37 may be used to represent a ring forging. The dimension 7 shall be representative of the heaviest effective cross section of the forging. For quenched and tempered forgings for which tests are required at both ends by 8.2.3 and 8.2.4, separately forged test blocks are not allowed. Note 2—in using separately forged test blocks attention is drawn to the effect of mass differences between the production forgings and the test blocks. This can be particularly significant for the ferritic grades ‘when forgings are normalized and tempered or quenched and tempered. 8.2 Number and Location of Tests—The number and location of tests are based on forging length, weight, and heat treatment and shall be as prescribed below. The length and ‘weight to be used for this purpose shall be the shipped length and weight of forgings produced individually or the aggregate shipped length and weight of all pieces cut from a multiple forging. 8.2.1 Annealed or Normalized and Tempered Alloy Steel Forgings: 8.2.1.1 For forgings weighing 5000 tb (2250 ke] or less at the time of heat treatment. one tension test shall be taken from one forging per heat, per heat treatment charge. When heat treatment is performed in continuous type furnaces with suitable temperature controls and equipped with re- cording pyrometers so that complete heat treatment records are available, a tempering charge may be considered as any continuous run not exceeding an 8 h period. 8.2.1.2 For forgings and forged bars weighing over 5000 Ib {2250 kg] at the time of heat treatment, one tension test shall bbe taken from each forging 8.2.2 Quenched and Tempered Forgings 8.2.2.1 For quenched and tempered forgings weighing 000 Ib (2250 kg] or less at the time of heat treatment, but not exceeding 12 ft [3.7 m] in length, one tension test shall be taken from one forging per heat, per heat treatment charge. When heat treatment is performed in continuous type furnaces with suitable temperature controls and equipped with recording pyrometers so that complete heat treatment records are available, a tempering charge may be considered as any continuous run not exceeding an 8 h period 8.2.2.2 For quenched and tempered forgings and forged@) A 336/A 336M bars weighing over $000 to 10 000 Ib [2250 t0 4500 kg) at the time of heat treatment, but not exceeding 12 ft (3.7 m} in length, one tension test shall be taken from each forging, 8.2.2.3 Quenched and tempered forgings that exceed 12 ft [3.7 m] in length shall be tension tested at both ends of the forging under test. 8.2.2.4 For quenched and tempered forgings and forged bars weighing more than 10 000 tb [4500 kgm] at the time of hheat treatment, two tension tests shall be taken from each forging. These shall be offset 180" from each other except that when the length excluding test prolongations exceeds three times the diameter or equivalent thickness one shall be located at each end of the forging. 9. Grain Size 9.1 For classes F304H, F316H, F309H, F310H, F321H, F347H and F348H, the grain size of the forgings shall be ascertained according to Method E 112, after solution treat- ment. One sample shall be examined for each tensile specimen required in 8.2, and shall be taken from the tension test location. The grain size shall be number 6, or coarser over at least 75 % of the surveyed area. 10, Workmanship, Finish, and Appearance 10.1 When ferritic forgings have been heat treated by quenching and tempering. all accessible surfaces shall subse. quently be examined for quench cracks by the magnetic particle method in accordance with Method A 275/A 275M. 11, Repair Welding 11.1 Repair welding of forgings may be permitted but only at the option of the purchaser. Such repair welds shall bbe made in accordance with Section IX of the ASME Boiler & Pressure Vessel Code. 12, Marking 12.1 In addition to the marking requirements of Specifi- cation A 788, the specification marking shall be followed by the letter A for annealed, N for normalized and tempered or Q for liquid quenched and tempered as applicable. 13. Test Reports 13.1 The certification requirements of Specific ‘A 788 shall apply. SUPPLEMENTARY REQUIREMENTS One or more of the following supplementary requirements shall apply only when specified by the purchaser in the inquiry, contract, and order. Details of these supplementary requirements shall be agreed upon between the manufacturer and the purchaser, SI. Rough Turning and Boring S1.1 The position of the rough turning and boring in the sequence of manufacturing operations shall be specified. $2. Transverse Tension Test $2.1 Instead of test specimens taken in accordance with 8.1.1, the longitudinal axis of the test specimens shall be transverse to the direction of major working of the forging. The results shall conform with requirements of Table 2, with the exception of the ductility limits which shall be as prescribed in Table S1.1 $3. Alternative Test Specimen Requirements S3.1 The test requirements for materials of the ASME Boiler and Pressure Code, Section Ill. Article NB-2223.3 shall be used in place of that specified in 8.1.1.1 S4. Hydrostatic Test S4.1 A hydrostatic pressure test shall be applied. The details of the test, including its position in the sequence of manufacturing operations, shall be specified. SS. Stabilization Heat Treatment $5.1, When specified, Classes F347 and F321 shall receive TABLE $1.1. Ductity Limits Gass Ai iA Frs Fa FA Fea eA a a a Thor st z Reiter 99 85H 7 —— — |r204rssna04 soa |raoa ron) r210|-a104rx6|rav6 rane. raven) ranen crs) oe7 ever roeelrsean]#M*| lear Se pF) PP)? T=) ™|=[ ==] [S| es wy e wl w lapse lols torn | | norco | | Head | | | radirion| 25 | 95 | 25 | as | a as | as| as | a5} a5 | a5 | a5 | as fas | os far] a5 [as] a5 | a5 | 0 [uo of area | \ ma | 167jb a 336/a 336m tabilization treatment, which shall consist of holding the orging at 1500 10 1600°F [815 t0 870°C}. for not less than 2 vfin. of thickness and then cvoling in the furnace of in still ir 6. Liquid Penetrant Exan n 6.1 Afier ferritic forgings have been heat treated by juenching und tempering, all accessible surfaces shall be nspected for quench cracks by the liquid penetrant method n accordance with Practice F165 as an alternative to nagnetic particle examination. 37. Marking $7.1 Forgings shall be marked at a location indicated by he purchaser in the purchase order or drawing 38. Forging Requirements $8.1 Large drum forgings shall be made from solid cast ngots, punched. bored. or tzepanned. oF from hollow ingots ast in metal molds. The walls of the hollowed or hollow gots shall be reduced in thickness at least one-half by orging on mandrels, $8.2 Drum forgings with one solid closed end may be ollow forged in closed dies or on a draw bench provided the actal is worked thoroughly 8.3 Drum forgings, either with open ends or one solid closed end. may also be produced by hot extrusion provided the metal is worked thoroughly. $8.4 Small drum forgings may be made as solid forgings. subsequently bored. provided the purchaser agrees 10 this method of forging. The cross-sectional area of the solid forgings shall have a reduction by forging from that of the ingot in the ratio of not less than 3:1 8.5 Small sections or component parts of pressure ves- sels, which are to be subsequently assembled to form drums, may be made by expanding on a mandrel under a press or hammer. by hot extrusion or by ring rolling methods. provided the wall thickness is reduced at least one-half in the process. $8.6 Heads or covers shall be forged as disks, upset from blocks cut from ingots or billets. The length of block before upsetting shall be at least twice the thickness of the as-forged head or cover. S9. Individual Forging $9.1 Forgings, whether identical or not identical, shall be produced individually. They shall not be forged in’ multiple and separated prior to or after heat treatment, $9.2 The shape and size of individual forgings shall be agreed between the manufacturer and the purchaser by means of a forging drawing or the purchase order, ‘ihe American Society for Testing and Meters akes no positon respecting the validly of any patent rights asserted in connection tn any item mentioned inthis stangars. Users ofthis standard are expressly advised thal Geermination othe vat of any such alent rights, and the sk of intangement of such righ, are ently their own responsibilty. Ts standard is subject revision at any time by the responsible technica! comvmttee and must be reviewed evey five years and itnot ese, eter reapproved or withcrawn. Your comments ae ited ee for revision of ths slander efor alte! anced {and should be ae eto ASTM Headquarters. Your commarts wil receive carelulconsieratian at¢ meeting ofthe responsible {echnical commitee, which you may afer. you fea nat your comments have net recewved a ar eating you Sheu Make your views known tothe ASTM Commitee on Standards, 1916 Race St. Phiedeloha, PA 79103, 168@) A 336/A 336M bars weighing over $000 to 10 000 Ib [2250 t0 4500 kg) at the time of heat treatment, but not exceeding 12 ft (3.7 m} in length, one tension test shall be taken from each forging, 8.2.2.3 Quenched and tempered forgings that exceed 12 ft [3.7 m] in length shall be tension tested at both ends of the forging under test. 8.2.2.4 For quenched and tempered forgings and forged bars weighing more than 10 000 tb [4500 kgm] at the time of hheat treatment, two tension tests shall be taken from each forging. These shall be offset 180" from each other except that when the length excluding test prolongations exceeds three times the diameter or equivalent thickness one shall be located at each end of the forging. 9. Grain Size 9.1 For classes F304H, F316H, F309H, F310H, F321H, F347H and F348H, the grain size of the forgings shall be ascertained according to Method E 112, after solution treat- ment. One sample shall be examined for each tensile specimen required in 8.2, and shall be taken from the tension test location. The grain size shall be number 6, or coarser over at least 75 % of the surveyed area. 10, Workmanship, Finish, and Appearance 10.1 When ferritic forgings have been heat treated by quenching and tempering. all accessible surfaces shall subse. quently be examined for quench cracks by the magnetic particle method in accordance with Method A 275/A 275M. 11, Repair Welding 11.1 Repair welding of forgings may be permitted but only at the option of the purchaser. Such repair welds shall bbe made in accordance with Section IX of the ASME Boiler & Pressure Vessel Code. 12, Marking 12.1 In addition to the marking requirements of Specifi- cation A 788, the specification marking shall be followed by the letter A for annealed, N for normalized and tempered or Q for liquid quenched and tempered as applicable. 13. Test Reports 13.1 The certification requirements of Specific ‘A 788 shall apply. SUPPLEMENTARY REQUIREMENTS One or more of the following supplementary requirements shall apply only when specified by the purchaser in the inquiry, contract, and order. Details of these supplementary requirements shall be agreed upon between the manufacturer and the purchaser, SI. Rough Turning and Boring S1.1 The position of the rough turning and boring in the sequence of manufacturing operations shall be specified. $2. Transverse Tension Test $2.1 Instead of test specimens taken in accordance with 8.1.1, the longitudinal axis of the test specimens shall be transverse to the direction of major working of the forging. The results shall conform with requirements of Table 2, with the exception of the ductility limits which shall be as prescribed in Table S1.1 $3. Alternative Test Specimen Requirements S3.1 The test requirements for materials of the ASME Boiler and Pressure Code, Section Ill. Article NB-2223.3 shall be used in place of that specified in 8.1.1.1 S4. Hydrostatic Test S4.1 A hydrostatic pressure test shall be applied. The details of the test, including its position in the sequence of manufacturing operations, shall be specified. SS. Stabilization Heat Treatment $5.1, When specified, Classes F347 and F321 shall receive TABLE $1.1. Ductity Limits Gass Ai iA Frs Fa FA Fea eA a a a Thor st z Reiter 99 85H 7 —— — |r204rssna04 soa |raoa ron) r210|-a104rx6|rav6 rane. raven) ranen crs) oe7 ever roeelrsean]#M*| lear Se pF) PP)? T=) ™|=[ ==] [S| es wy e wl w lapse lols torn | | norco | | Head | | | radirion| 25 | 95 | 25 | as | a as | as| as | a5} a5 | a5 | a5 | as fas | os far] a5 [as] a5 | a5 | 0 [uo of area | \ ma | 167