Nawinda Malikhao

Arisa Sangthong
Sirimon Thepchanakul
Pornchanan Wuthiyakhom
Dec.2nd ,2016
Section 11-02

Abstract:
This experiment is about crystallization and filtration by mixing tetramethylammonium
iodide with iodine and ethanol, then heat it up. Let it cool, wait for the crystal to form and filter
the crystal from the solution by using the suction filtration, wash the crystal with hexanes until
the crystal is clear. The color of product in this experiment is green with the mixing of a little
purple, its called Tetramethylammonium pentaiodide because of the chemical structure of the
crystal.

Object/Purpose:
This lab will show the combination of different amounts of iodine by the color. The crystal
will form a pentaiodide anion that depending on the amount of iodine that adding into the
solution and to purify the product of this solution by using suction filtration.

Introduction :
Purification is one of the scientific way to make any substance being pure and clean after
passing from many reactions. In this experiment, Crystallization is the purification way that was
used. It is the technique that use for separating solid in liquid and the product that end up would
be crystal. The easiest way to complete Crystallization is to add more solid into liquid. Then,
boiled it until it feels like there is no any liquid left to boil. Next, let it cool a little while and the
crystal as the result would came out. There is two ways for filtration. the one that was using in
this experiment called as suction filtration. It is the chemistry laboratory that need more force
to do it but it would take shorter time than the gravity one.
Chemicals color also affects on the structure because each of the function group that connect
to different substance would not get the same result. Chemical structure can absorb different
level of light. when atoms release their energy, the energy that came out would be shown up as
color and it is the result of this experiment.
Procedure:
1. Put 0.5 g. tetramethylammonium iodide into 50 ml. beaker with a precise measurement.
2. Continue from the first step, split down Me4N+L- in the 50 ml. beaker using a string
which is a glass stick that use for mix the solute. Me4N+I- is tetramethylammonium.
3. The next step is to add 1.3 g. iodine in 50 ml beaker after break up Me4N+I-(The amount
of iodine that will add into beaker depends on teacher)
4. In this lab we use 95% ethanol to make a crystals. Add 12 ml of 95% ethanol into the
previous beaker that has iodine, Me4N+I-.
5. Give heat to 50 ml beaker carefully, not too hot and not too cold. This process use more
than 15 minutes to get all the material in the beaker get melt.
6. Observe the bottom of beaker that all solute is melt then put it out of the heater and then
leave it on the table until crystal is forming. Dont move the beaker while waiting for the
crystals forming.
7. After the crystals have formed naturally,place beaker in an ice bath to makes the
formation go more faster, leave it about 3 mins.
8. The next step is filtration , filter crystals out of the liquid inside the beaker.
9. pour the liquid and crystals that are in the beaker on the suction forming to begin the
filtration process.
10. when suction filtration set up preocess is done then wash crystals with hexanes 5 ml(1.3
iodine) wash it until theres no crystal stuck in the beaker and around the suction
filtration.In our group we use more than5ml, around 10ml.
11. weight crystals and then put it on the plastic tube to keep the example.

Data/Result :
The crystal color for 0.3g iodine is green ocean blue light. It has sparkle a little bit. And look
deeply, there was also small purple sparkling.

Chemical substances Amount

Tetramethylammonium iodide 0.5 grams

Iodine 1.3 grams

Ethanol 12 ml.

Hexane that add in the suction filtration 5 times

Weight of Tetramethylammonium 1.33 grams

 pentaiodide

Percent yield of Tetramethylammonium 78.89%

Calculation :
So the formula of calculation that had been using in this experiment is

+ - + -
Reaction : (CH3)4 N
I + I2 ---> (CH3)4 N
I 5

% yield = (actual yield/ theoretical yield)*100

(1.33g /1.3 +0.5)*100 = 78.89%

So, percent yield of Tetramethylammonium pentaiodide is 78.89%

Discussion:
The color for crystals in this experiment depends on the amount of Iodine that used in the
beaker. If 1.3 grams of iodine were used, the result would come out as green, In contrast, Purple
color would show up if the amount of iodine changed to 0.6 grams. It makes an affect on the
reaction that occurs when tetramethylammonium iodide,ethanol, and 1.3 or 0.6 gram of Iodine
are mixed together. The result came out as green color when 1.3 grams of iodine were used, but
if look in it deeply, there is still be little of the purple crystal is the color that the substance
cannot absorb. According to that, the substance need to release it out, but inside there is still its
exact color. The percent yield after calculating from this experiment is about 73.89 %. Percent
yield is the % of the result that came up after passing from all scientific process. Hence, the
result showed that percent yield is quite good. And to compare, It is also not too high because the
amount of substance in this experiment is a lot. It is also mean that this experiment is successful
to purify the exactly of the substance. The reason which suction filtration was used because it is
faster than gravity filtration is a choice to remove impurity solid from an organic liquid.
Moreover, it can be used to collect solid product, but suction filtration is used for this purpose
because it is faster and it allows for a greater rate of filtration. However, the reactants doesnt
dissolve easy because in the experiment, the reactant did not dissolve well. because during the
lap, the iodine and tetramethylammonium iodide werent crushed clearly. So, when it gets heat,
the mixture in the beaker takes more time than other groups, and to make it dissolve easily,
ethanol was putted into the beaker. The reason why other solvent cannot put in because the
chemical equation and form will change. And at the end, crystal will not occur.

Conclusion :
 The result that came out from experiment is not much different from mixing Iodine, Ethanol
and Tetramethylammonium iodide products. Even extra Ethanol is needed to add more than the
procedures. The result is green color and sparkle glitter crystals. However, it has a little bit of
purple if we look in detail on it.

References :
http://orgchem.colorado.edu/Technique/Procedures/Crystallization/Crystallization.html
http://orgchem.colorado.edu/Technique/Procedures/Filtration/Filtration.html
https://www.boundless.com/chemistry/textbooks/boundless-chemistry-textbook/mass-rel
ationships-and-chemical-equations-3/reaction-stoichiometry-44/calculating-theoretical-an
d-percent-yield-234-4704/
http://quiz2.chem.arizona.edu/vip/filtration/