2007 Chronicle Eng Page93 To 207

Changing scenes of modernization
and development in Chin State

Located in the western part of the Union of Myanmar, the 13,906.92 square-mile Chin State
is home to Chin, Mro, Khami and Bamar national races. A union within the Union, the state has
a population of about 526061 and its population density is 38 persons per square mile.
It is a mountainous region, with very few plains. Many natural watercourses are flowing
among mountain ranges running from north to south forming a number of valleys and gorges.
Mount Victoria or Mount Khawnusoum, 10,200 feet high, is the highest peak in Chin State.
The state has a lot of rivers, and the Manipura River flows through its northern territory.
During his tour of the country to make arrangements for regional development in the first
week of March 1994, Head of State Senior General Than Shwe gave guidance, saying,
“There may be difficulties and hardships in carrying out development undertakings.
But our current sacrifices will bring benefits to us to a certain degree, and will
contribute to improving the living standard of the people till posterity. Thus, we all
need to work with conviction and goodwill.”
As some regions of the nation were in backwardness, the Tatmadaw had to double or triple
its efforts to develop and modernize the whole Union and to narrow the development gap
among the people, with the participation of the national races.
Thanks to the goodwill endeavours of the Government, Chin State is enjoying progress in
all sectors. Now, I will compare the situation of the state in the past and at present.
Agriculture
The Government is making utmost efforts for the local people to utilize the land and water
resources of the mountainous region, with very few plains, to the most effective degree.
It built Laingva Dam in Falam Township and opened it on 6 April 1994 to irrigate 500 acres
of crops. In many cases, man has the ability to accomplish what was assumed impossible. The
Government had to overcome many difficulties in building the Laingva Dam on the uneven
terrain. The dam is now contributing towards progress of the state’s agriculture.
92 Chronicle of National Development Comparison between
The Government has targeted to set up over 1.1 million acres of highland farms in the
mountainous regions where crop cultivation was difficult. The state itself had reclaimed 1276
acres of highland farms.
The Tatmadaw is also rendering assistance to cultivate crops that grow well in the state, and
implementing the project to turn Chin State into a major tea growing region. The state can now
increase tea sown acreage to more than a hundred times from merely 121 acres in 1988 to
17264 acres at present.
The Manipura Multipurpose Dam Project in Falam Township will irrigate large stretches of
land and generate electricity. Annually, seven million acre-feet of water is flowing into the
Manipura Dam.
The table shows the sustainable development of the agricultural sector in Chin State.
Sunflower plantations
Development in the agriculture sector of Chin State

Comparison between period preceding 1988 and after (up to 31-12-2007)
Subject Count 1988 31-12-2007 Progress

Land resource
- Sown acreage acre 207957 590191 382234
- Virgin and vacant land acre 4144794 2991638 1153156
Water supply task
- dam, lake, reservoir, drain
- Task completed Num - 1 1
period preceding 1988 and after (up to 31-12-2007) 93
Development in the agriculture sector of Chin State


- Benefited acres acre - 500 500
Total benefited acres - 500 500
Double cropping acreage acre 40075 310681 270606
Extended paddy cultivation
- Monsoon paddy acreage acre 78168 135814 57646
- Total production basket 2419 5504 3085
(in thousand)
Progress in acreage of
beans and pulses acre 17511 46122 28611
- sugarcane acreage acre 202 839 637
- maize acreage acre 48396 90901 42505
- rubber acreage acre - 25 25
- coffee acreage acre 1560 1251 (-)309
- Tea acreage acre 121 17385 17264
Edible oil crops
- Groundnut acre 811 5225 4414
- Sesame acre acre 3535 7341 3806
- Sunflower acre 461 6428 5967
- Mustard acre acre 492 2221 1729
- Niger acre acre 405 4662 4257
Physic nut acre - 126329 126329
Livestock and Fisheries

The Government has been helping Chin State to catch up with other regions in fish and meat
sector. The state raises nearly 2.9 million heads of livestock at present, up from only about one
million in 1988. In the past, there were 16 acres of fish ponds, but now, there are 101 acres
of fish ponds. The Government has given encouragement to raise native animals.
94
Development in the livestock breeding sector of Chin State

Extended livestock breeding
- Buffalo head 19636 40674 21038
- Cattle head 83918 132862 48944
- Sheep/goat head 37664 67129 29465
- Pig head 139270 236267 96997
- Chicken head 721074 2404055 1682981
- Duck head 8010 25150 17140
- Turkey, goose, muscovy duck head 301 7297 6996
Fish and prawn breeding
- Fish breeding pond acre 16 101 85
Forests Conservation
Thanks to the cooperation of the Government and the local people, forest conservation and
plantation in the state is gaining more progress than that in the past. Many new protected public
forests have been set up and tree plantation in the state shows encouraging signs of improve-
ment.
The past mass movement managed to grow only about 50000 saplings. At present more
people are taking part in the task. The state has planted 6330000 saplings. We would like to
prove the state’s progress in the forestry sector with the table.
Development in the forestry sector of Chin State


Reserved Forest sq/mile 605 696.31 91.31
Protected public forest sq/mile - 1335.20 1335.20
Establishment of forest plantation acre 1000 27530 26530
- Commercial plantation acre 1000 22180 21180
- Village firewood acre - 3400 3400
- Watershed plantation acre - 1950 1950
- Thitseint plantation acre - 300 300
Mass tree planting Tree
(in Million) 0.05 6.38 6.33
Road and Transport

The Government has been building many new miles of roads in the mountainous region.
Earth roads have been upgraded into metalled ones, and the metalled roads to bituminous
facilities. The 115 mile Kalay-Falam-Haka road has already completed at present. Bituminous
roads including 70 mile and four furlong Gangaw-Haka road, 102 mile Mindat-Matupi road,
172 mile and seven furlong Haka-Matupi road, 115mile and one furlong Kalay-Falam-Haka
road and Kyaukhtu-Mindat road, linking Chin State and Magway Division, have been built.
The sector-wise upgrading of the gateways to Chin State — Mandalay-Sagaing-Monywa-
Gangaw-Haka road and Pakokku-Pauk-Tabyin-Kyaukhtu-Mindat road — is in progress at
present.
The Kyaukhtu Airport, built by Directorate of Military Engineers of the Ministry of Defence in
Kyaukhtu, Saw Township, Gangaw District, Magway Division, was commissioned into service on
10 July 2004. The airport has helped develop the transport sector of southern Chin State linking Yaw
and Pakokku regions in Magway Division. Cars can reach Kanpetlet, Mindat and Matupi in
southern Chin State from Kyaukhtu via Saw. In 1988, the state had two over 180 foot bridges
— the 270 foot Natzan Bridge in Tonzang Township and the 240 oot Lemyo Bridge in
Matupi Township. The Tatmadaw Government has built the 340 foot Var Bridge across
Inauguration ceremony of Mindat-Matupi Road
Development in the transportation sector of Chin State

Airways
- Airfield field 1 1 -
- under 5000 ft runway airfield field 1 1 -
Extension of motor road mile 695/0 1061/6 366/6
- bituminous road mile 40/0 198/4 158/4
- metalled road mile 5/0 295/5 290/5
- gravelled road mile 30/0 18/3 upgrading
- earth road mile 620/0 549/2 upgrading
Bridge
- Public Works
- Above 180 feet bridge 2 5 3
- completed bridge bridge 2 5 3
- Under 180 feet bridge 37 47 10
Manipura River on Kalay-Haka road in Falam Township in 1998, and 480 foot Kattel Bridge
across River Manipura on Tiddim-Kattel-Reh Lake road in Tiddim Township in 2002. The
460 foot Manhsaung Bridge is being built across Manipura River on Tiddim-Reh Lake section.
Significant developments in the state’s road and transport sector can be seen in the table.
Mansaung Bridge
Communications
The table indicates the development in the communication sector of the state including the
rise in the number of telephones.
98
Development in the communication sector of Chin State

Post office office 29 45 16
Telegraph office office 11 25 14
Facsimile Num - 23 23
Computer telegraph Num - 3 3
Telephone Service 16 47 31
- telephone office office 8 29 21
- auto exchange exchange - 3 3
- manual exchange exchange 8 15 7
- rural exchange exchange - 11 11
- number of line capacity line 3390 4710 1320
- direct line line 2431 3699 1268
- auto/manual phone phone 2431 3699 1268
Microwave station station - 5 5
E-mail/Internet Num - 26 26
Local satellite ground station
- VSAT station - 1 1
(MPT Satellite Terminal) station - 18 18
Local satellite Channel
Electricity
The effective utilization of land and water resources in the state has helped develop the
power generation capacity of the state.
In 1988, the state has four small scale hydel power stations — the Zarlwi in Tiddim Township,
the Daungvar in Haka Township, the Ngasitvar in Falam Township, and the Paletwa in Paletwa
Township. The Tatmadaw Government has built six hydel power plants.
The six new hydel power plants are: the 0.2 megawatt Namhlaung Creek plant in Matupi
Township, the 0.6 megawatt Laingva plant in Falam Township, the 0.2 megawatt Htweehsaung
plant in Tonzang Township, the 0.2 megawatt Chichaung plant, 0.05 megawatt Thinthei
creek and 0.05 megawatt Lingbon creek in Mindat Township.
The Manipura Multipurpose Dam Project will be implemented in Chin State. The Table informs
the reader about the development of the state’s electricity sector.
Development in the electric power sector of Chin State

Electricity consumption unit(in million) 2.700 4.65 1.95

Maximum power megawatt 1.050 1.805 0.755
Installed power magawatt 2.170 5.791 3.621
Extened generating of electricity
- Hydel power plant completed* plant 4 10 6
- Small ( up to 1 megawatt) plant 4 10 6
- Project to be implemented** plant - 1 1
- Large ( 380 megawatt) plant - 1 1
- Diesel-used plant plant 8 31 23
- Private Plant Plant - 102 102
*Completed Hydel power plant

1. Zarlwi 0.400 megawatt (small) 1988
2. Dongvar 0.4000 megawatt (small) 1988
3. Ngasitvar 1.000 megawatt (small) 1988
4. Paletwa 0.050 megawatt (small) 1988
5. Namhlaungchaung 0.200 megawatt (small) (After 1988)
6. Laiva 0.600 megawatt (small) (After 1988)
7. Htweesaung 0.200 megawatt (small) (After 1988)
8. Chichaung 0.200 megawatt (small) (After 1988)
9. Thinthei 0.050 megawatt (small) (After 1988)
10.Lingbon 0.050 megawatt (small) (After 1988)
**Hydel power plant to be implemented
1. Manipuya 380 megawatt (large)
Industrial Sector
Due to the facilitation of the transport and communication sectors and increase in the power
generation in the state, many new private industries have emerged in the region. The state now has
526 private industries, 183 more than 343 in 1988. The number of State-owned industries has
now reached nine from five in the past. The Government has been striving to develop the industrial
sector of the state which will become a major tea-growing region in the nation.
Development in the industrial sector of Chin State

Upgrading of industrial power

Industry
- Private industry industry 343 526 183
- Cottage industry industry - 2 2
- State-owned industry industry 5 9 4
Education
The education sector of the state, with a population of only over 500,000, is witnessing
significant progress due to the Government’s assistance and encouragement. One-fifth of the
population or over 100,000 are students attending classes at basic education schools.
The Government has opened 86 new schools to open more opportunities for the youths to
pursue basic education. An arts and science university has been opened in the state for students to
be able to pursue higher education studies in their own region. Thus, the school dropout rate goes
down in the state.
The table shows the development of the state’s education sector covered by the 30 year
education promotion plan of the nation.
Development in the education sector of Chin State

Basic education level

- Number of school school 1091 1177 86
- High school school 17 45 28
- Middle school school 76 85 9
- Post primary school school - 349
- Primary school school 998 698
} 49
- Multi media classroom room - 31 31

- e-learning centre centre - 20 20
Development in the education sector of Chin State


Number of teacher teacher 2982 4781 1799
Number of student student 62660 118837 56177
- Preprimary school
- Number of school school - 72 72
- Number of children children - 1861 1861
Grade 1 enrolment rate( KG intake percent 67.97 95.4 27.43
rate)
Adult literacy rate
School dropout rate percent 56.9 94.77 37.87
- Primary level percent 40.73 3.83 (-)36.9
- Middle level percent 40.79 10.94 (-)30.3
Upgrading of higher education
University, college, degree college - 1 1
- Arts and Science University - 1 1
- e-Learning Centre centre - 1 1
No of WAN sites site - 1 1
Teaching programmes - 40 40
- Number of teacher teacher - 131 131
- Number of student student - 7931 7931
Human Resource Development centre 1 1
Centre
Science and Technology

The nation is providing assistance to Chin State to catch up with other regions in producing
scientists and intelligentsia. A technological university and a computer university in Kalay has
already produced over 1571 intellectuals and intelligentsia. The two universities have 835
students.
The table shows the present development of the science and technology sector of Chin State
being undertaken by the State.
Development in the science and technology sector of Chin State

Technological University university - 1 1

- Technological University (Kalay)university - 1 1
- Number of courses course - 7 7
- Number of student (graduate) student - 1015 1015
- Number of student (current) student - 702 702
-Computer University university - 1 1
- Computer University (Kalay) university - 1 1
Technological University (Kalay)

Health
The health sector of the state is developing in harmony with the population growth. A 150-
bed hospital has been installed with advanced equipment. Moreover, a 25 bed hospital has been
upgraded to a 50-bed facility, and two 50 bed hospital to 100 bed ones. Six new station
hospitals have been built in the state. The number of specialist physician and doctors working
in the state has increased two folds. Over 200 more nurses have been assigned to the state.
Seven traditional medicine dispensaries are treating patients. A nursing school has been opened
to increase the number of nurses working in the state. The Government has been improving the
life expectancy of the state to catch up with other regions. The table offers the readers to study
the health development of the state.
Development in the health sector of Chin State

Hospital Hospital 18 24 6
- 150 Bedded Hospital Hospital 1 1
- 100Bedded Hospital Hospital - 2 2
- 50 Bedded Hospital Hospital 3 2 Upgrading
-16 Bedded Hospital Hospital 3 3 -
- Station Hospital Hospital 9 15 6
Health Centres and Teams Centre 66 67 1
- Rural Health Centre Centre 55 56 1
- Maternal and Child Health Centre Centre 9 9 -
- School Health Team team 2 2 -
Health Manpower Person 593 878 285
- Doctor Person 65 143 78
- Dental Surgeon Person 10 15 5
- Nurse Person 77 236 159
- Dental Nurse Person 1 3 2
- Health Assistant Person 47 60 13
- Lady Health Visitor Person 51 53 2
- Midwife Person 319 332 13
- Health Supervisor 1/2 Person 23 36 13
Traditional medicine
- Traditional Medicine Clinic Clinic 3 7 4
Training Schools School - 1 1
- Nurses Training School School - 1 1
Urban and Rural Development

In the past, Chin State had only over five miles of urban roads. Now the state has 58 miles
of urban roads including 11 miles of bituminous roads. In addition, 17 bridges have been put
into service in rural area and 29 in urban area.
The state had 85 miles of village-to-village roads in the past. Now the length of rural roads in
the state has reached 797 miles. Nine towns now have clean water supply.
Work is under way to supply potable water to 245 villages.
Development in the development affairs sector of Chin State


Urban development
- Urban roads mile 5/1 58/3 53/2
- metalled road mile - 8/4 8/4
- Earth road mile - 38/1 38/1
-Urban bridge bridge - 29 29
- Wood bridge - 5 5
- Conduit conduit - 24 24
- Urban water supply tasks
- Township where tasks to be carried town 9 9 9
out
- Completed work work 2 9 7
Rural Development
- Rural roads mile 85/0 797/1 712/1
- bituminous road mile - 6/5 6/5
- metalled road mile - 46/6 46/6
- Earth road mile 85/0 743/6 743/6
- Rural bridge bridge - 17 17
- Rural water supply tasks
- Village where tasks to be carried out village 616 245 245
- Completed work work - 255 255
Border Areas and National Races Development

The Government is developing the central regions of the state, and has covered the godforsaken
regions with border areas and national races development project. Six vocational schools have been
opened in Kanpetlet, Mindat, Matupi, Tiddim, Haka and Falam and ten youth development training
schools in Kalay, Matupi, Kanpetlet, Falam, Htan-talang, Tonzang, Haka, Tiddim and Mindat
for the local people to earn their living. The table shows the success of the project in the state.
Development in the border areas and national races

affairs sector of Chin State

Development regions region - 1 1
- Chin region region - 1 1
Road and bridge
- Metalled road mile - 52/7 52/7
- Bituminous road mile - 5/5 5/5
- Bridge (Large / small/ suspension) bridge - 2/1/6 2/1/6
Health care service
- Hospital hospital - 6 6
- Rural health centre centre - 1 1
- Sub Rural health centre - 3 3
Education
- Primary school school - 19 19
- Middle school school - 11 11
- High school school - 4 4
Livestock breeding
- Veterinary farm Num - 1 1
- Veterinary office office - 1 1
Energy
- Town / village - 2 2
Public relations
- TV retransmission station station - 5 5
Communications
- Post office office - 1 1
- Telephone office - 3 3

affairs sector of Chin State
Religions Affairs
- Ceti Num - 8 8
- Monastery Num - 56 56
- Monasteric school Num - 3 3
- other religious bulidings Num - 6 6
Expenditure kyat (in million) - 6460.25 6460.25
- Funds of PBANRDA kyat(in million) - 1262.40 1262.40
- Funds of ministries kyat(in million) - 5197.85 5197.85
Information and Public Relations

The information sector is distributing news about the Government endeavours with the aim
of harmoniously developing all the regions of the Union and narrowing development gap
between one region and another.
The sector is helping the national brethren to march to the golden land in unity and amity. The
table shows the progress of the information sector.
Development in the information and public relations sector of Chin State


- TV retransmission station station 3 11 8
- IPRD office office - 12 12
- IPRD library library - 12 12
- Departmental Library library - 1 1
- Rural library library - 780 780
Kyaikhtiyoe Pagoda
Thanlwin Bridge (Mawlamyine) Yadana natural gas project


and development in Mon State
Residing in harmony with Mons and Bamars in the Mon State are the Kachin, Kayin, Chin,
Pa-O, Rakhine and Shan national races. A union within the Union, the 4747.76-square-mile
Mon State has a population of about 2936674 and its population density is 619 persons per
square mile.
Alongside the mountain ranges reaching up to 1,500 feet in elevation, are the vast plains on
which Thanlwin, Sittoung, Bilin, Attaran, Gyaing and Ye rivers flow.
There are also coastal plains on the banks of Thanlwin River and Sittoung River mouths. The
mountain ranges including Zingyaik and Taungnyo ranges are running from north to south in the
state.
In his message to the 75th Anniversary National Day in 1995, Chairman of the State Peace
and Development Council Commander-in-Chief of Defence Services Senior General Than
Shwe stated, “The time is ripe for all to march hand in hand, with steadfast and
strong resolve, to reach a well-rounded modern nation soonest, while utilizing the
rich natural resources and economic resources effectively in the country's interest,
based on the prevailing internal peace and stability.”
All the citizens who love the Union and who wish to see the motherland catching up with
world nations will have to work in unity, with Union Spirit as the foundation.
Thanks to the ardent participation of the people, the Government is gaining more ground in
launching its development drive covering all the states and divisions on self-reliant efforts,
without taking any foreign assistance. Now, the developments of Mon State will be presented.
Agriculture
The Government is reclaiming more land and cultivating more crops in Mon State, where
agriculture is the base of its economy.
Ardent implementation of irrigation projects to introduce year-round cultivation system has
added nearly 200,000 more acres in the state, which in the past had only about 1357
irrigated acres. The outcome of the project is the emergence of more than 115157 acres of
double-cropping farms.
In 1988, there were only Kazaing Dam, benefiting 300 acres in Bilin Township, and Phanon
Sluice Gate irrigating 290 acres in Kyaikmaraw Township. The Tatmadaw Government has
built Azin and Winphanon dams in Mudon Township, Wapa Dam and Zaikkaye and Kyonhtaw
sluice gates in Thaton Township, Shwenattaung Dam in Mawlamyine Township, and Bilin Dam
in Bilin Township, and the facilities are irrigating over 2000000 acres of land.
Paddy production in Mon State has exceeded the local demand thanks to the cultivation of
73665 acres of summer paddy in addition to monsoon paddy.
Kataik Reservoir in Paung Township, Thahton District

Development in the agriculture sector of Mon State

Land resource
- Virgin and vacant land acre 406942 32893 increase in
Water supply task cultivable land
- Task completed Num 3 14 11
- Task under implementation* Num 1 1
- Benefited acres acre 1357 115157 113800
River water pumping station
- Task under implementation Num - 2 2
Damming creek Num - 236 236
- benefited acres acre - 34908 34908
Total benefited acres acre 1357 153965 152608
- Summer paddy acre - 73665 73665
- Total production basket in
thousand 31487 57462 25975
- Regional rice sufficiency per cent 104 167 63
Progress in acreage of rubber acre 76607 356305 279698
Oilpalm acre 1201 1708 507
Tea acre 92 92
Progress in acreage of pepper acre - 30380 30380
Acreage of edible oil crop
- Groundnut acre 12883 22320 9437
- Sesame acre 6576 8569 1993
*Dams under construction

1. Kadaik 10000 acre (Paung)
2. Katun Sluice Gate 20000 acre (Paung)
3. Hsandawtaung (2004-2005)
Kadaik Dam, with 10,000-acre irrigation capacity, in Paung Township and Katun Sluice
Gate, which will irrigate 20,000 acres of crops, and Hsandawtaung Dam are under
construction at present in the state.
Five units of waterworks are pumping water from Attaran, Bilin, and Gyaing rivers for
irrigating nearly 4000acres of crops in Mon State, which had not a single river water
pumping project in 1988. Two more river pumping stations are under construction. Apart
from paddy, beans and pulses sown acreage is increasing in the state, and all-round assistance
of the Government has quadrupled rubber sown acreage to 356305 acres. Likewise, pepper
cultivation has increased up to 30380 acres.
The table offers readers to study the agricultural development of Mon State during the
time of the Tatmadaw Government.
Seikkyun Sluice Gate


Mon State has seen 200 per cent increase in the livestock and fishery sector. It now raises
over 6.2 million heads of livestock, up from 1.6 million in the past. The state now has 842 acres
of fish farms, up from 239 acres in 1988. Hatchery industry has increased double. In the past,
its capacity was only about 200,000.
The state is raising prawn in 1125 acres of farms. In the past prawn breeding in the state
was even hard to imagine.
Development in the livestock breeding sector of Mon State


- Buffalo head 66497 79606 13109
- Cattle head 331763 417440 85677
- Sheep/goat head 27911 70361 42450
- Pig head 76107 236494 160387
- Chicken head 856968 4471782 3614814
- Duck head 230713 878814 648101
- Prawn breeding pond acre - 1125 1125
Forest Conservation
The area of reserved forests, protected public forests and wildlife parks is increasing.
Kyaikhtiyoe wildlife sanctuary has emerged in Kyaikto Township and Kelatha wildlife sanctuary,
in Bilin Township. The state has seen eight-fold increase in forest plantations, and in the
meantime it has grown over four million saplings during the time of the Tatmadaw Government
thanks to the public participation. The mass movement in the past could grow only about
100,000 saplings in 1988.The table indicates the development of forest conservation and
plantation in the state.
Development in the forestry sector of Mon State


Natural land area sq/mile 9.24 69.56 60.32
- Village firewood acre - 2850 2850
- Industrial plantation acre 4000 18500 14500
- Watershed plantation acre - 5140 5140
(in Million) 0.10 4.46 4.36
Road and Transport

Mon State is upgrading the existing roads including the Myainggale-Zathabyin-Mawlamyine
road and increasing the number of bridges for ensuring smooth and secure transport to a greater
degree. In the past, the state had only three over 180-foot bridges — the 200-foot Khawa
Creek Bridge, the 470-foot Ye Creek Bridge, and the 648-foot Bilin Creek Bridge. The
Government has built the 180-foot Winphanon Bridge, the 180-foot Deepadaw Bridge, the
190-foot Kwamkyaik Bridge and the 180-foot Thebyu Creek Bridge.
The Government put into service the 1,420-foot Attaran River Bridge on Mawlamyine-
Zathabyin-Hpa-an road in Mawlamyine Township on 26 March 1998. The facility is covered
by the State’s special projects.
The Tatmadaw is also building new trans-regional railroads and new railroad bridges in the
state. It opened the 600-foot Donthami rail-cum-road Bridge on Thaton-Myainggale railroad
linking Kayin State and Mon State in January 2002.
Ye-Dawei Railroad connecting the state and Taninthayi Division was inaugurated on 26
March 1998 to further enhance friendship among the national races and regional economy. The
102.38-mile Ye-Dawei Rail road section line includes 111.99 Route mile
Development in the transportation sector of Mon State

Railways
- Route mile mile 195.51 220.70 25.19
- Track mile mile 252.30 288.90 36.60
- Passenger/ mile mile 162535.7 232001.0 69465.3
- Goods Ton (1x1000) 185.5 197.2 11.7
- Goods/mile mile 19185.7 30009.1 10823.4
- Station station 47 59 12
Airways
- above 5000 ft runway airfiled field 1 1 -
- under 5000 ft runway airfield field 1 1 -
Water transport
- Jetty (Inland) jetty 8 9 1
- gravel road mile 39/0 23/1 upgrading
Bridge
- Public Works
- Completed bridges* bridge 3 6 3
- Bridges under construction** bridge - 1 1
*two major bridges built under special project **Bridge under consturction
1.Attaran Bridge (Mawlamyine) 1.Sittoung Bridge (Mokepalin)
2. Sittoung Bridge (Bilin)
3. Thanlwin Bridge (Mawlamyine)
and 23 railway stations. The 850-foot rail-cum-road Ye Bridge on the railroad was commis-
sioned into service on 25 November 2003 in Mon State.
In addition, a magnificent bridge and a symbol of the people and the Tatmadaw’s construc-
tion ability and unity has emerged in Mon State. It is no other than the 11,575-foot (over two
miles long) rail-cum-road Thanlwin Bridge (Mawlamyine) which was put into service on 5-2-
2005 , the longest and most impressive bridge in Myanmar and a milestone in the road transport
sector of Mon State and the Union itself.
Bordering Bago Division, Kayin State and Taninthayi Division, Mon State is a place where
the Asian and ASEAN highways will pass through. Please study the table to know the development
of road and transport sector in the state.
Thanlwin Bridge (Mawlamyine),

the longest and the largest in Myanmar
Communication
The government is ensuring a harmonious development of the communication facilities in the
whole nation, and the table shows the communication development of the state.
Development in the communication sector of Mon State


Facsimile Num 1 48 47
Telephone Service
- auto exchange exchange 1 9 8
- auto/manual phone phone - 10847 8446
- ARTS phone - 211 211
- Mobile telephone phone - 2504 2504
- GSM phone - 2504 2504
Microwave station station 9 9 -
E-mail/Internet - 13 13
MPT Satellite Terminal station - 38 38
Electricity
The government is effectively harmnessing the water resources of the regions for their all-
round progress. Apart from irrigation, dams are being built to generate power, which has been
contributed to the national grid to supply power to all regions fair and square. Like in all other
states and divisions power generation and consumption are increasing in Mon State, and the
table has detailed data about the electricity sector.
Development in the electric power sector of Mon State
Electricity consumption unit (in million) 36.984 120.603 83.619

Installed power megawatt 49.819 87.118 37.299
- Hydel power plant completed* plant 1 1 -
- Small ( up to 1 megawatt) plant 1 1 -
- Hydel power Project to be
carried out ** plant - 1 1
- Large (above 280 megawatt) plant - 1 1
Other power plants
- Steam-power plant plant 2 1 (-)1
(Megapower
Supply Extension)
- Natural gas-fired-power plant plant 1 1 -
- Diesel-used plant plant 6 6 -

- Biogas-used plant plant - 1 1
- Private plant plant - 1607 1607
*Completed hydel power plant
1. Zinkyaik 0.198 megawatt (small) 1988
Completed steam power plant
1. Mawlamyine 12.000 megawatt (large) 1988
2. Thaton 18.000 megawatt (large) 1988
Completed natural gas-fired power plant
1. Thaton 18.450 megawatt (large) 1988
Hydel power project to be carried out
1. Belin 280 megawatt (large)
Yadana natural gas project
Industrial Sector
The Government is increasing the power output of the state as well as its industrial
production. It is introducing industries to the regions which had less industries and laying
sound foundations in the regions with better industrial base. In this way, it is building an
agro-based industrial nation.
Mawlamyine Industrial Zone is included in the 19 industrial zones the nation has set up.
There is more room for the private and cottage industries to develop in the state, and 33 State-
owned factories are manufacturing goods. The table will tell you about the industrial develop-
Yadana Natural Gas Field of
ment in Mon State.
Moattama Offshore
Development in the industrial sector of Mon State
-Industrial zones Zone - 1 1
-Industries industry - 209 209
-Private industry industry 1353 2436 1083
-Cottage industry industry - 455 455
State-owned industry industry 29 33 4
Mining and Mineral Resources

Harmonious development of the state includes the mining and mineral sector. The eleven
gold mines have produced 59 troy ounces of gold to this date. The state has produced 295
metric tons of limestone,202 tons of slate and 392 metric tons of granite. A newly found lead
and tungsten mixed deposit has produced two metric tons compared to 0.98 metric tons in
1988.
Education
The education indicators are improving according to the rate of population increase in the
state. A total of 187 new schools have been opened in the state and more than 3000 teachers
have been appointed. The state’s primary school enrolment rate is nearly cent per cent. In
1988, the state had only one arts and science university in Mawlamyine. The Government has
opened one arts and science college and one education college in the state, which sees over
double increase in the number of higher education students.
The table has the data about the education development in Mon State.
Mawlamyine University, Mon State

Development in the education sector of Mon State

- Post primary school school - 165 } 120
- Preprimary school
Teachers’ education
- Training college and school school 1 - upgrading
- Education college college - 1 1
- Number of teacher teacher 33 60 27
- Number of trainees trainee 409 1085 676
Grade 1 enrolment rate
(KG intake rate) percent 71.42 99.3 27.88
Adult literacy rate percent 79.2 97.4 18.2
Wastage
University, college, degree college 1 1 -
- Arts and Science University 1 1 -
e-Learning Centre centre - 2 2
No of WAN sites site - 1 1
Teaching programmes Num 31 72 41
Human Resource Development centre 1 1
Centre

Mon State is producing scientists and intelligentsia needed in establishing an agro-based
industrial nation. Mawlamyine, covered by the 24-development zone project, now has a
technological university and a computer university.
Mon State has produced 7349 technocrats during the time of the Government. The two
universities have 210 teachers and 2261 students. The Table indicates the progress of science
and technology in the state.
Development in the science and technology sector of Mon State

- Technological University (Mawlamyine)university - 1 1
- Number of courses course 4 7 3
- Number of student (graduate) student 247 5905 5658
- Computer University university - 1 1
- Computer University (Mawlamyine) university - 1 1
Health
Thanks to the improvement in public education, the people of Mon State are enjoying good
health. The Government has built ten station hospitals, upgraded two 16-bed hospitals to 25-
bed facilities and constructed a new 50-bed hospital in the state, which now has 32 hospitals
including a 300-bed facility and a 100-bed facility.
It has also built seven more rural health centres, two new regional health centres, appointed
1055 health staff and built one traditional medicine hospital. The number of traditional medicine
dispensaries has reached 12. The state in running a nursing school and a midwifery school. Please
see the table to know the health development of the state.
Mawlamyine People’s Hospital
Development in the health sector of Mon State

Hospital hospital Hospital 20 32 12

- 300 Bedded Hospital Hospital 1 1 -
- 100Bedded Hospital Hospital 1 1 -
- 50 Bedded Hospital Hospital - 1 1
-16 Bedded Hospital Hospital 8 1 Upgrading
- Hospital of other Ministry Hospital - 1 1
Health Centres and Teams Center 73 82 9
- Rural Health Centre Center 53 60 7
- Maternal and Child Health Centre Center 15 15 -
Development in the health sector of Mon State

- Primary and Secondary Health

Center Center 1 3 2
- School Health Team Team 4 4 -
Health Manpower* Person 760 1055 295
- Dental Nurse Person 2 2 -
- Health Supervisor 1 Person 18 18 -
- Health Supervisor 2 Person 21 60 39
- Traditional Medicine Hospital
(16 Bed) Hoapital - 1 1
Training Schools School 2 2 -
- Nurses Training School School 1 1 -
- Midwifery Training School School 1 1 -

The prospering urban and rural areas in Mon State are enjoying greater progress than in
1988. Networks of urban and rural roads have emerged in the state.
As 192 miles of new urban roads have been built, their total number at present has reached
432 miles and one furlong, including 184 miles and two furlongs of bituminous roads. The
number of urban bridges is 886. Of the ten towns projected to install water supply system,
seven now have plumbing.
Mon State has 844 miles of rural roads including 113 miles and five furlongs of bituminous
roads at present, up from 178 miles and two farlongs in 1988. The number of its rural bridges
has reached 637. The village clean water supply project has covered 784 villages, and up to
now, 931 units of waterworks have completed in 573 villages.
Development in the development affairs sector of Mon State
Urban development
Urban roads mile 239/3 432/1 192/6
- Bituminous road mile 89/4 184/2 94/6
- Metalled road mile 77/2 25/2 upgrading
- Granite road mile - 36/4 36/4
- Earth road mile 72/5 186/1 113/4
- Urban bridge bridge - 886 886
- Concrete bridge - 564 564
- Wood bridge bridge - 192 192
- Other bridge - 69 69
Township where tasks to be carried out town 10 7 7
Completed work work 2 7 5
Rural Development
- Rural roads mile 178/2 844/0 665/6
- Metalled road mile 24/4 103/6 75/2
-Earth road mile 101/0 390/6 289/6
- Other bridge bridge - 14 14

The developments in Mon State include the significant progress of a new sector opened by
the Government to further cement national unity and foster Union Spirit.
The border areas and national races development project involves the task of promoting the
socio-economy of the national race families which have returned to the legal fold. A domestic
science school is training youths of border areas to earn their living.
The table shows the Government’s goodwill to ensure peace and progress of all the people
of Mon State including those who have returned to the legal fold.

affairs sector of Mon State

- Mon region region - 1 1
Road and bridge
- Bridge (Big/Small/suspension) bridge - 7/101/- 7/101/-
Health care service
- Sub-rural health centre centre - 5 5
Education

affairs sector of Mon State

Agriculture
- Agriculture camp camp - 4 4
Energy
- Generator generator - 1 1
- Electric city city - 1 1
Public relations
Communications
- Telephone service service - 2 2
- Funds of PBANRPA kyat (in million) - 1647.56 1647.56
- Funds of Ministries kyat (in million) - 4224.41 4224.41

The information sector is playing a key role in helping improve the knowledge of the
people and vitalize their patriotism and Union Spirt. I would like to present the table for
the readers to know the government’s goodwill endeavours and the sound results of
development of ht4e whole Union is achieving at present in the march towards a golden
land of unity and amity.
Development in the information and public relations sector of Mon State

-TV retransmission station station 1 6 5

-IPRD office office - 13 13
-IPRD library library 5 13 8
-Departmental library library - 1 1
-Rural library library - 1198 1198
-e-Library library - 9 9
Cultural Museum and Library (Mawlamyine)

Shitthaung Patodawgyi
Pyaing Chaung Dam Shwe natural gas project

and development in Rakhine State
Facing the Bay of Bengal in the west, Rakhine State lies in the westernmost sector of
the Union of Myanmar. On its 14,200 square miles of territory live Rakhines and Bamars
alongside Chin, Mro, Thet, Khami, Dainet, Maramagyi and Kaman races. A union within the
Union, the state has a population of 3133855 and on average, every square mile is inhabited
by 216 persons.
A long coastal stretch of land touching the Rakhine Yoma in the east, the state is
crisscrossed with a large number of natural watercourses including Naff, Mayyu and
Kissapanadi rivers and Maei, Tanlwe, Taungup, Thandwe, Kyeintali and Gwa creeks
flowing from north to south. With an average elevation of 3,000 feet the Rakhine Yoma
is a mountain range whose northern peaks are higher than those of the south. Sittway plain
is the largest flat land in the region, and the sea is doted with large Phayonga, Yanbye
and Manaung islands and a number of islets.
At the Special Projects Implementation Committee Meeting, held in November 1995,
Head of State Senior General Than Shwe said, “Rakhine State is a region where trans-
port is difficult, and the main means of transport is waterways. Although not a
border area, Sittway region is accessible by only a very few roads. Time passed by,
but the region’s roads remained in poor condition, and could not be improved for
certain reasons. The Government is launching the drive to develop every region of
the Union, and narrow the gap between one place and another. It will build a road
to improve transport between Yangon and Sittway, the capital of Rakhine State. The
work will be difficult because of the mountainous terrain covered with thick ever-
green forests and marked by a large number of rivers and creeks.”
With fraternal spirit, the Tatmadaw Government is striving utmost to harmoniously raise the
living standards of all the national races living in weal or woe in the Union.
Whether it is a state or a division, the Government has the same goodwill towards it,
fulfilling all necessary infrastructures and facilities, without making any discrimination
against any region, for harmonious development of the entire Union. Now I will present
the developments Rakhine State is witnessing as in all the sister regions.
Agriculture
Paddy can be cultivated only on one-fourth of the state’s land area, but the Government is
trying to develop its agricultural sector, making arrangements to grow crops on all cultivable
land, increase per acre yield, and boost agricultural production. In 1992, it introduced summer
paddy cultivation to the region, which cultivated only monsoon paddy before that time.
The Government has built Gyogyakwin Dam in Taungup Township, and Kanthaya and
Rahaikwin dams in Gwa Township for irrigation, and Hinywet Dam in An Township to supply
potable water. Pyaingchaung Dam, with the capacity to irrigate 4,000 acres of land, in Kyauktaw
Township and Zeechaung Dam are under construction.
Pyaing Chaung Dam in Kyauktaw Township, Sittway District

Large and small dams and waterworks have extended the area of mixed-cropping in the
state more than fifteen times. Food sufficiency of the state has reached 166 percent. The state
can put more land under beans and pulses and edible oil crops, and is extending pepper and
rubber plantations, with the assistance of the Government, to grow them on commercial scale.
As the Government has been providing necessary infrastructures and assistance, Rakhine
State, with favourable soil and weather for cultivation, is witnessing the emergence of more
sound foundations in the agricultural sectors than in 1988. The table will prove it.
Development in the agriculture sector of Rakhine State

Land resource
cultivable land
Water supply task
Development in the agriculture sector of Rakhine State


thousand 40155 85046 44891
- Regional rice sufficiency percent 112 166 54
Rubber acreage acre 2165 22228 20063
Progress in acreage of pepper acre - 28110 28110
Acreage of edible oil crop
- Groundnut acre 11965 66964 54999
- Sesame acre 1900 4306 2406
- Mustard acre 12865 74471 61606
- Niger acre - 1261 1261

Livestock breeding has been extended for Rakhine State to produce an adequate amount
of food for local consumption. The state is raising 62 million heads of livestock, up from 26
million in 1988.
A significant development of the state at present is fresh water and sea water prawn farming.
The industry is showing encouraging signs for local distribution as well as for export. The
industry did not exist in the state in the past, but now it is running 155,533 acres of prawn farms,
up from 19 acres in the past.
Development in the livestock breeding sector of Rakhine State

- Buffalo head 219468 298549 79081
- Cattle head 592914 751607 158693
- Sheep/goat head 89842 162391 72549
- Pig head 69966 192278 122312
- Chicken head 1505460 4501835 2996375
- Duck head 112027 245671 133644
-Prawn breeding acre 19 155533 155514
Forest Conservation
The forest conservation project of the state is developing alongside other sectors. The state
has been setting up more reserve forests, public protected forests and natural parks. It now has
over 60,000 acres of forest plantations, up from just 1,000 acres in the past because of the
ardent participation of the local people. The mass movement in 1988 managed to grow only
100,000 saplings, but now the local people have planted over eleven million saplings. The table
has something more to tell readers about the development in forest conservation and plantation
of the state.
Development in the forestry sector of Rakhine State

Protected public forest sq/mile 0 1818.19 1818.19
Natural land area sq/mile 0 677.88 677.88
-Commercial plantation acre 1350 55595 54245
-Village firewood acre 50 8010 7960
-Watershed plantation acre 0 50 50
-Thitseint plantation acre 0 600 600
(in Million) 0.10 11.7 11.6
Road and Transport

The colonial government totally ignored the transport sector of the state, with mountains,
forests and rivers, because the matter was out of its interest. And during the post-independence
period, the matter was out of reach due to certain reasons.
The Tatmadaw Government is always thinking about plans to assist and develop all the
seven states and seven divisions of the Union and to make them prosper and stronger.
The Government has opened the new chapter of transport in the state. First, it launched
the 202 mile and three furlong Yangon-Sittway Union Highway, and then the 110 mile
Thandwe-Gwa-Ngathaingchaung road, the 45 mile An-Padekyaw-Maei road, the 41 mile
Yangon-Taungup-Kyauk-pyu road (Pyinwun-Min-byin section), and 42.5 mile Taungup-
Maei road. All are tarred facilities.
As the state has a large number of natural watercourses, sometimes, roads are being built
through marshes, with much difficulty. Many large and small bridges have been built on rivers
and creeks, and the number of over 180 foot bridges in the state has reached 47, up from
only 11 in the past.
The large bridges on Kissapanadi River and Dalet, Myaungbwe, Tanlwe, Lamu, Maei,
Sanepauk, Londawpauk, Deedokpauk, Kaingshe, Pikauk, Min, Ramong, Yaw, Hsatthwa and
Thanthamagyi creeks in the state have been built under the special projects of the
Government.The 2,704 foot Minkyaung Creek Bridge, the 703 foot Thanthamache Bridge,
the 592 foot Thazintan-pauk Bridge on Yangon-Kyaukpyu highway in Yanbye Township,
and the Wunphaik Bridge have been constructed.
The Kyauktan Bridge on Yangon- Sittway highway in Sittway Township is under construction.
The table documents the transport development of the state.
Ramaung Bridge
Sa-ne-pauk Bridge
Development in the transportation sector of Rakhine State

Airways
- above 5000 ft runway airfield field 1 3 2
- under 5000 ft runway airfield field 6 4 upgrading
Water transport
- Jetty (Inland) jetty 4 6 2
Development in the transportation sector of Rakhine State

- earth road mile 20/0 144/2 124/2
Bridge
- Public Works
- Completed bridge* bridge 11 46 35
- Bridge under construction** bridge - 1 1
*Completed 180 feet and above bridges **Bridge under construction

1.Dalaetchaung 9. Dedokpauk 1. Kyauktan Bridge (Sittway)
2. Myaungbwe 10. Kaingshe
3. Kitsapanadi 11. Pikauk
4. Tanlwechaung 12. Minchaung
5. Lamuchaung 13. Yamaung
6. Maeichaung 14. Yawchaung
7. Sanepauk 15. Hsethwa
8. Londawpauk 16. Thanthamagyi
Communications
The Government has developed and facilitated the transport and communications sectors of
the state. The table compares the present situation and that of the 1988.
Development in the Communication sector of Rakhine State


Facsimile 1 40 39
Computer telegraph - 4 4
Development in the Communication sector of Rakhine State

Telephone Service
Microwave station station 7 15 8
- VSTA station - 2 2
- MPT Satellite Terminal station - 68 68
Electricity
“If there are mountains, roads will be built on them, and they will be beautified with forest
plantations and highland farms. Likewise, bridges will span rivers and creeks and their waters
will be harnessed for electricity”, and that is the conviction and resolve of the Government to
serve public interest.
While building miles of roads and a large number of bridges in the state, the Government
is also implementing the 112.5 megawatt Thahtay Creek Hydel Power Project in Thandwe
Township and the 15 megawatt An Creek Hydel Power Project. The table compares the
present situation and that of the 1988.
\[[[poi
124111
Shwe offshore natural gas project in Rakhine State
Development in the electric power sector of Rakhine State

Electricity consumption unit(in million) 3.500 6.070 2.570
- Projects under implementation * project - 2 2
- Large Scale (above 10 megawatt) plant - 2 2
- Project to be implemented ** project - 2 2
Other power plants
- Biogas-used plant plant - 41 41
- private plant plant - 1235 1235
* Hydel power project under implementation ** Project to be implemented

1. Thahtaychaung 112.5 megawatt (large scale) 1.Thandwe 39 megawatt (large scale)
2. Anchaung 15.0 megawatt (large scale) 2. Kyeintali 28 megawatt (large scale)
Industrial Sector
The Government has been laying sound foundations for the progress of the state’s industrial
sector. The state now has 2141 private industries, up 1699 from only 442 in 1988. 29 cottage
industries and 22 State-owned industries are also manufacturing goods in the state.
Development in the industrial sector of Rakhine State


Private industry plant 442 2141 1699
-Cottage industry plant - 29 29
State-owned industry plant 26 22 (-)4
Technological University (Sittway)
Education Sector
The Government is implementing human resources development programmes regionwise.
The special national education promotion project has helped raise the education standard of
Rakhine State to a higher stage than it was in 1988.
The state has opened 325 new basic education schools, an arts and science university, an
education college and an arts and science college. Nearly 500,000 students are pursuing basic
education and higher education in the state.The table serves as the education indicator showing
the sector’s development.
Development in the education sector of Rakhine State

- Post primary school
- Primary school
school
school
-
2246
242
2224
} 220
- Preprimary school
Teachers’education
- Training college and school school 1 - upgraded
- Education College college - 1 1
Wastage
University, college, degree college 1 1 -
- Arts and Science University University - 1 1
- Degree college college 1 - upgrading
- College college - 1 1
e-Learning Centre centre - 2 2
No of WAN sites - 1 1
Teaching programmes 8 57 49
Human Resource Development Centrecentre - 1 1
Technological University (Sittway)
Science and Technology Sector

The Government has been paving the way for local youths to get access to professional
institutions of higher learning in their own regions to produce a larger number of engineers and
computer experts. Thus, youths in Rakhine State also get the opportunity to attend classes at
a computer university and a technological university in Sittway and a government technological
institute in Thandwe. Up to now, the state has produced over 2240 technocrats. Table shows
the opportunities of the youths in the state to study science and technology.
Development in the science and technology sector of Rakhine State


- Technological University (Sittway) university - 1 1
Development in the science and technology sector of Rakhine State

-Computer University university - 1 1
- Computer University (Sittway) university - 1 1
Technical Institute institute - 1 1
- Government Technical Institute (Thandwe) institute - 11
Health
The number of hospitals in Rakhine State has reached 43 — one 200 bed hospital,
three 100 bed hospitals, one 50-bed hospital, seven 25-bed hospitals, five 16-bed hospitals
and 26 station hospitals. In the past there were 36.
The Government has assigned 213 doctors and 426 extra health staff to the state. A 50
bed traditional medicine hospital and 13 traditional medicine dispensaries are treating patients
in the state. There are now two nursing schools in the state.
The table attests to the health development of the state.
Development in the health sector of Rakhine State

- 200 Bedded Hospital Hospital 1 1 -
- 100 Bedded Hospital Hospital 2 3 1
-16 Bedded Hospital Hospital 13 1 Upgrading
Center Center 1 1 -
Health Manpower Person 1065 1491 426
- Health Supervisor (1)/(2) Person 68 101 33
(16 Bed) Hoapital - 1 1
Training Schools School 1 2 -
- Midwifery Training School School 1 1 -

There are now 256 miles and six furlong of urban roads in the state. Of them 88 miles and
two furlongs are bituminous facilities. In the past, the state had 184 miles and four furlongs of
urban roads. The state has also maintained 617 urban bridges included in the construction of
urban roads is 98 miles and six furlongs of bituminous. Rural roads have also been extended
and upgraded in the state, which now has 586 miles and one furlong of rural roads, up 572
miles and three furlongs from 62 miles and two furlongs in 1988. To this date, the state has
built 634 rural bridges.
Of the 17 town water supply projects, 11 have completed. A total of 868 units of waterworks
have already been erected in 677 villages. The entire project covers the task of supplying clean
water to 922 villages.
Development in the development affairs sector of Rakhine State


Urban development
- Urban roads .mile 184/4 256/6 72/2
- Metalled road mile 88/7 85/0 upgrading
- Granite road mile 22/1 2/0 upgrading
- Earth road mile 19/0 71/0 52/0
- Other bridge - 9 9
Township where tasks to be carried town 17 11 11
out
Development in the development affairs sector of Rakhine State

Rural Development
- Rural roads mile 62/2 634/5 572/3

- Earth road mile 22/0 385/6 363/6

- Other bridge bridge - 10 10

- Rural housing house - 7 7

The Government’s Border Areas and National Races Development Project covers Rakhine
State together with many other regions. Sittway has a youth development training school and
Maungtaw has a vocational training school for development of local youths. The Table explains
the Government’s endeavours to develop the socio-economy of Rakhine State to catch up with
other regions, with exact figures.

affairs sector of Rakhine State

- Rakhine region region - 1 1
Road and bridge

- Bridge (large, small) bridge - 12/226/- 12/226/-

Health care service
- Clinic clinic - 7 7
- Sub Rural health centre centre - 9 9
Education

Agriculture
- Agriculture office office - 2 2
- Agriculture camp camp - 25 25
- Dam dam - 1 1

affairs sector of Rakhine State
Livestock breeding farm

- Livestock farm - 1 1
Energy
- Electric city city - 34 34
Public relations
Communications
- Telegraph service - 5 5
- Telephone service - 2 2
- Funds of PBANRDA kyat (in million) - 2763.03 2763.03
- Funds of ministries kyat (in million) - 19437.43 19437.43

The Government has been developing the information and public relations sector to enable
the people of Rakhine State to get in touch with everyday news about the national developments.
The table shows how the state is improving its information sector in the drive towards reaching
the golden land of unity and amity.
Development in the information and public relations sector of Rakhine State
- IPRD library library 6 22 16
- e-Library library - 1 1
- Sub-printing house (Sittway) house - 1 1
Inlay Phaungdawoo Pagoda

on a tour for worship by
local people
Poppy-substitute plantations in Technological University(Taunggyi)

Mongla region in Shan State

and development in Shan State
Shan State with a total area of 60,155 square miles is situated in eastern part of
Myanmar. Kachin, Kokang, Taungyo, Danu, Palaung, PaO, Bamar, Lihsu, Wa, Ahkar and
Intha are residing in Shan State together with Shan nationals. At present, as the population
of Shan State is about 5390174 the population density is 90 in one square mile. Being
the hilly region, its mountain ranges lying from north to south are about 3,000 feet average
in height. Some mountains are as high as over 7,000 feet. There are also Heho, Hsipaw
and Kengtung plains among mountain ranges.
Head of State Senior General Than Shwe during his inspection tour of Shan
State in April 2002 had given guidance, saying that education, health, economy of
Shan State lagged behind in development due to lack of security and peace and
there had been armed insurgency in the region. In the time of the Tatmadaw
government efforts have been made for prevalence of peace and regional develop-
ment. Border areas of Shan State are contiguous to those of neighbouring nations.
This being the case, it is needed to catch up with them in terms of education, health
and economic sectors. Only when the national dignity and the national forces are
strong will the future of the State be bright.
Since its assumption of the State responsibility the Tatmadaw government with the
participation of the people has been forging national solidarity while building development
infrastructures in states and divisions. It has been able to bring armed insurgency to an
end. As a result, 17 armed groups have returned to the legal fold and are now joining
hands with the government in nation-building endeavours. With combined efforts of the
Tatmadaw and national race leaders unprecedented progress has been made in Shan State.
Progress made past and present in Shan State is doumented here.
Agriculture
Although various kinds of crops were grown paddy was not priority in Shan State in
the past. The government is striving for development of agricultural sector for ensuring
self-sufficiency in rice and edible oil and boosting the production of industrial crops and
pulses and beans for export. For development of agriculture of Shan State Zawgi Dam in
Poppy-substitute plantations in Mongla region in Shan State (East)
Yaksawk Township and Humon Dam in Lashio Township were built. At the same time,
hybrid paddy that suits to the region were grown and they are now thriving. The per-acre
yield of summer paddy has increased up to about 100 baskets. There has been self-
sufficiency in rice in the region as paddy production has increased nearly three times.
Kaukkwe Dam in Lashio Township and Myogyi Dam in Ywangan Township have been
built and Wanpon Dam in Namhsam Township is under construction and arrangements are
being made for implementing the Kenghkam Dam project plus one river water pumping
project. Progress in agriculture sector may be seen in the table.
Development in the agriculture sector of Shan State

Land resource
cultivable land
Water supply task
- Benefited acres Num 57450 169293 111843
- Task to be carried out Num - 2 2
Artesian wells Num - 13 13
thousand 39054 114333 75279
- Regional rice sufficiency percent 63 146 83
- Sugarcane acreage acre 15410 72361 56951
- Maize acreage acre 84234 341065 256831
- Tea acreage acre 134674 178731 44057
- Pepper acreage acre - 68 68
- Rubber acreage acre - 106197 106197
- Coffee acre acre 11593 24930 13337
Acreage of edible oil crops
- Groundnut acre 70557 119083 48526
- Sesame acre 18526 39791 21265
- Sunflower acre 11740 34546 22806
- Mustard acre 5284 16632 11348
- Niger acre 52997 181333 128336

Livestock breeding undertakings in Shan State have increased when compared with
that in 1988. In the past, altogether 3.7 million heads of animals were bred but now about
15.0 million heads of animals are being bred for development of the meat sector. Being
a plateau, progress has been made in fishery sector. In the past, there were 206 acres of
fish breeding ponds but there are now 2582 acres of fish breeding ponds for twelve times.
Honey production has been quadrupled, amounting to 99200 pounds.

Development in the livestock breeding sector of Shan State


- Buffalo head 457216 653499 196283
- Cattle head 942772 1258264 315492
- Sheep/goat head 13094 44100 31006
- Pig head 332413 1027392 694979
- Chicken head 1792778 11651915 9859137
- Duck head 147333 285812 138479
- Quail head - 11477 11477
Honey Production
- Bee- hives Num 455 2245 1790
- Honey Production pound 14653 99200 84547
- Pollination Service acre 13390 30950 17560
Forest Conservation
Measures are being taken for development of the forest sector in Shan State to keep
pace with development of agriculture and livestock breeding. As efforts are being made
for development of agriculture, meat and forest sectors the area of protected public forest
and natural forest has been on the increase. In 1988, the government in cooperation with
the people had been able to grow only over 500,000 saplings but in the time of the
Tatmadaw government over 53 million saplings have been planted. Extended establish-
ment of forest plantations is being launched with added momentum.
Catchment areas were extended for greening of the environs of Inlay Lake and pres-
ervation of rivers and creeks. The forest sector of Shan State covers commercial planta-
tions, plantations for village use, plantations for industrial raw materials and Thitseint
plantations.
Development in the forestry sector of Shan State


- Village firewood acre 3481 47591 44110
- Industrial plantation acre 600 14155 13555
- Watershed plantation acre 6301 51042 47441
Mass tree planting Tree 0.51 54.48 53.97
(in Million)
Road and Transport
The government is making efforts in all seriousness for ensuring better transport in
states and divisions while striving for improvement of socio-economic life of the entire
national people. There were only Mandalay-Nawnghkio-Kyaukme-Lashio route and
Meiktila-Thazi-Shwenyaung route as gateways of Shan State in 1988. People in the region
had to rely mainly on rail transportation as there were only two modes of transport—
motor road and railroads. Shan State marked by a series of rivers and creeks has moun-
tains and forests in abundance. These natural barriers prevent national brethren to get
closer but remain distant. The Tatmadaw Goverment, on its part, is determined to over-
come these barriers.
In the time of the Tatmadaw Government, a network of roads and bridges were built
and upgraded in Shan State. As a result, the Hsipaw-Namlan-Panketu road and the
Yaksawk-Kyaukgu-Nawnghkio road linking directly to Shan State (North) and Shan State
(South) have emerged. Moreover, the Hanmyintmo-Myogyi-Ywangan road and the
Pinlaung-Pyinmana road linking Mandalay Division and Shan State have also emerged.
Local people in Shan State has now been enjoying the fruits of better transport.
A total of 4634 miles of motor roads including 1948 miles long bituminous roads were
built in Shan State. In the past, there were only two major bridges—the Kunlong Bridge
789 feet and the Takaw Bridge 780 feet but in the time of the Tatmadaw Government,
the Thanlwin Bridge (Takaw-et) and the Thanlwin Bridge (Tahsan) were added. In addition,
special bridge projects—Namting bridge in Kunlong Township, Matlan bridge in Laikha

Township and Langkhio bridge in Lingkhio Township were also constructed.
Shweli bridge (Namkham) and Hsataw bridge (Mongkai) are under construction. Ar-
rangements are being made for construction of Shweli Bridge (Myithson) in Momeik
Township.
In the past, the route of railroads was only 186.55 miles but it has now tripled. The
101.92-mile Aungban-Pinlaung-Loikaw railroad, the 37.50-mile Shwenyaung-Yaksawk
railroad and the 165.06-mile Shwenyaung-Namhsan railroad have contributed much to
ensuring better transport in the region.
Moreover, the number of airport at which Jet aircraft can land and take off has increased
from four to six. The Lashio-Muse railroad, the ASEAN highway and the Asian highway
will soon emerge in Shan State.
The table shows progress made in the transport sector.
Dokhtawady Bridge (Naungkhio)

Development in the transportation sector of Shan State

Railways
- Route Mile* mile 168.25 496.26 328.01
- Track Miles mile 186.55 529.88 343.33
- Passenger person (1x1000) 1495.9 1602.0 106.1
- Goods Tons (1x1000) 58.0 47.0 11.0
- Goods/mile mile 6174.5 11503.7 5329.2
Airways
- above 5000 ft runway airfiled field 4 6 2
- gravel road mile 700/0 772/1 72/1
Bridge
- Public Works
- completed bridge** bridge 24 37 13
- under construction*** bridge - 4 4
- bridge to be built**** bridge - 1 1
*The railway road to be constructed

1. Lasho- Musei road (145 mile)
**Seven major bridges built under special project
1. Thanlwin Bridge (Takaw-et) 5. Langkho Bridge (Langkho)
2. Thanlwin Bridge (Tarsan) 6. Tarpa Bridge ( Kutkai)
3. Nantein Bridge (Kunlon) 7. Dokhtawady Bridge( Naungkhio)
4. Matlan Bridge (Laikha)
****The road to be constructed
***Four roads under construction 1. Shweli (Myintsone)
1. Sartaw Bridge (Maingkaing)
2. Lane li Bridge (Pinlaung)
3. Shwele Bridge (Nagkhun)
4. Natpaung Bridge (Lashio)
Communications
The government is making all-out efforts for development of the communications
sector of Shan State. At a time when information and communications are making progress,
systematic steps are being taken for development of communications sector of states and
divisions to enable the nation to stand tall among the global nations.
The table indicates comparison of figures in the past and present.
Development in the communication sector of Shan State


Facsimile Num 1 137 136
Telephone Service
- auto/manual phone phone - 28944 28944
- mobile telephone phone - 15124 15124
- D-AMPS phone - 1334 1334
- GSM phone - 13790 13790
Microwave station station 2 45 43
Electric Power
Electric power plays a key role in boosting the national economy. Shan State consumed
only 42 megawatt of electricity in 1988. In the time of the Tatmadaw Government
measures were taken so that Shan State can consume ten times of electricity.
In the past, there were three hydel power plants in Shan State—the 0.2 megawatt
Nanhkam small-scale hydel plant, 0.225 megawatt Muse small-scale hydel plant and 1.2
megawatt Tatgyi medium-scale hydel power plant. At present, there are 12 small- and
medium-scale hydel power plants. There are the Namhmyaw, the Namhsaung Ngaung, the
Pakyethaw, the Namhsaung Chaung, the Zawgyi-1, the Zawgyi-2, the Namshan Chaung,
the Namwot, the Meipan, the Mongla, the Namlap and the Hsilu. Shweli hydel power
plant to generate 600 megawatt in Shan State (North) and Kengtawng hydel power plant
to generate 54 megawatt in Shan State (South) are under implementation. Arrangements
are being made for implementing Tahsan (Thanlwin) hydel power project in Shan State
to generate 7310 megawatt.
The table compares figures in 1988 and the present.
Zawgyi Hydel Power Plant in Yaksauk Township in Shan State (South)

Development in the electric power sector of Shan State


- Completed hydel power plant* plant 3 15 12
- Large Scale(above10 megawatt) plant - 2 2
- Medium (1-10 megawatt) plant 1 5 4
- Small (up to 1 megawatt) plant 2 8 6
Project under implementation** project - 3 3
- Large Scale(above 10 megawatt) plant - 3 3
- Hydel power plant to be impleted*** plant - 5 5
Other power plants
- Coal plant - 1 1
- Biogas - used plant plant - 6 6
* Completed hydel power plants

1. Namhkam (1988) 0.200 megawatt(small)
2. Muse (1988) 0.225 megawatt(small)
3. Nammyaw 4.000 megawatt(medium)
4. Namhsaungngaung 4.000 megawatt(medium)
5. Pakyathaw 0.100 megawatt (small)
Pakyathaw (extension) 0.200 megawatt (small)
6. Namhsaungchaung 0.500 megawatt (small)
7. Tatkyi 1.200 megawatt(medium)(1988)
8. Zawgyi-1 18.000 megawatt(heavy) (1988)
9. Zawgyi-2 12.000 megawatt(heavy) (1988)
10. Namshanchaung 0.150 megawatt(small) (1988)
11. Namwot 3.000 megawatt(medium) (1988)
12. Meipan 1.200 megawatt (medium) (1988)

13. Mongla 0.060 megawatt (small)
14. Namlap 0.495 megawatt (small)
15. Hsilu 0.024 megawatt (small)
** Implementing hydel power plants
1. Kyaingtaung 54 megawatt(large)
2. Shweli (1) 600 megawatt(large)
3. Tarsun 7310 megawatt(large)
*** Hydel power plants to be implemented
3. Pyaungsho 360 megawatt(large)
4. Namlun 177 megawatt(large)
5. upper kyaingtaung 60 megawatt(large)
Industry
In building the nation into a modern and developed one, the government based on
agriculture and industry is striving for the Union to become an industrialized nation. In
the process, priority is being given to development of private industrial sector.
Therefore, Taunggyi (Ayethaya) Industrial Zone in Shan State has emerged.Now, the
industrial zone has 750 industries. With the assistance of the government, it is in the
process of establishing modern foundries and mould shops like Mandalay and Monywa
industrial zones. The table shows progress at present compared with that in 1988.
Development in the industrial sector of Shan State

Industrial zones zone - 1 1
Industries industry - 750 750
- Cottage industry plant - 180 180
State-owned industry plant 22 43 21

Mining and Mineral Resources

Gem Lands and mining blocks in Shan State have been extended after 1988. As a
result, 18278 thousand carats of gems could be exploited. Mining and mineral secror of
Shan State is making progress to the extent that 721435 metric tons of coal, 21950 metric
tons of gypsum, 1091 metric tons of lead Zinc ore, 3082.6 metric tons of zinc ore, 250
metric tons of pure lead, 2278 metric tons of refined lead and 6948 metric tons of baryte
gawton 94390 tons, marble 1125 could be mined.
Mongshu Yadana Myay

Eduction
The government is making efforts for improvement of Shan State’s education sector
to be able to face the challenges of Knowledge Age. There are 4,666 basic education
schools with 23278 teachers in Shan State. Altogether 700000 students are pursuing
education at the school. In the higher education sector, there are four arts and science
universities and one education college where 20056 students are pursuing higher education.
Markedly, primary school enrolment rate has increased up to 96.68 per cent.
The table shows progress in 1988 and present.
Panglong University
Development in the education sector of Shan State


- Post primary school school - 629
} 943

- e-Learnng Centre centre - 94 94
- Number of student student 347878 690053 342157
- Preprimary school
- Training college and school school 1 - upgraded
- Education College college - 1 1
Wastage
University, college, degree college 2 4 2
- Arts and Science University university - 4 4
- Degree college college 1 - upgraded
- College college 1 - upgraded
- e-Learning Centre centre - 5 5
- No of WAN sites - 4 4
- Teaching programmes 16 97 81
- Number of teacher 170 541 371
- Number of student 2983 20056 17073
Human Resource Development Centre - 4 4

Development of science and technology is imperative in ensuring human resources
development. To bring about harmonious development across Shan State, the government
has designated and is implementing the four development regions—Taunggyi, Lashio,
Kengtung and Panglong. One technological university and one computer university each
were opened in those regions.
Progress figures are shown in the table.
Development in the science and technology sector of Shan State

- Technological University (Taunggyi) university - 1 1
- Technological University (Kengtung) university - 1 1
- Technological University (Panglong) university - 1 1
- Technological University (Lashio) university - 1 1
-Number of teacher teacher 50 380 330
-Number of student (graduate) student 2126 5895 376 9
-Number of student (current) student - 16 95 16 95
-Computer University / Training School university - 5 5
- Computer University (Taunggyi) university - 1 1
- Computer University (Kengtung) university - 1 1
-Number of courses course - 4 4
- Computer University (Lashio) university - 1 1
- Computer University (Panglong) university - 1 1
- Number of student (current) student - 76 2 76 2
Technical Training School (Taunggyi) school - 1 1
Technological University (Taunggyi)
Technological University (Lashio)

Health
The government is striving for the entire national people to be free from diseases, to
be healthy and fit, and to enjoy longevity. With this end in view, public health care services
are being provided in the whole Shan State.
Development in the health sector of Shan State

- Specialist Hospital Hospital 1 1 -
Center Center 2 3 1
Health Manpower* Person 1825 3850 2025

Development in the health sector of Shan State

- Health Supervisor 1/2 Person 91 332 241
(16 Bed) Hospital - 1 1
Training Schools School 2 6 4
- Nurses Training School School 1 3 2
- Midwifery Training School School 1 3 2

Unprecedented urban and rural development has been achieved in Shan State. In the
past, the length of urban roads was 400 miles but it has now increased to 383 miles two
furlong including 783 miles three furlong. Bituminous roads have 317miles seven furlong
The number of bridges in urban areas has topped 1,668. Water supply was facilitated to
31 towns out of 54. The length of rural roads has increased from 93 miles six furlong to
4948/3 miles including 277 miles bituminous roads with 958 bridges. A total of 2001
water works were facilitated to 1449 villages out of 2,780.
Development in the development affairs sector of Shan State

Urban development
- Urban roads mile 400/1 783/3 383/2
- Granite road mile 6/6 13/7 7/1
- Earth road mile 179/4 206/3 26/7
- Township where tasks to be carried out town 54 31 31
- Completed work work 4 31 27
Rural Development
- Rural roads mile 93/6 4948/1 4854/3
- Earth road mile 71/2 3136/5 3065/3


Shan State, which lagged behind in development in successive eras, is making signifi-
cant progress and it has been able to catch up with border areas of neighbouring countries.
This is the fruitful result of integrated and well-coordinated efforts of the Tatmadaw
and national race leaders. Border areas and national races development project started in
Shan State. When national race leaders joined hands with the Tatmadaw, ten border area
development regions have emerged. The ten regions are now making more progress than
other cities in the plains. The national race leaders realizing the genuine goodwill of the
government are actively engaged in regional development drive.
The table shows tangible results of border area development.
Golden Triangle Resort (Tachilek)

affairs sector of Shan State

- Kokang region region - 1 1
- Wa region region - 1 1

- Shan region region - 1 1
- Kachin North East region region - 1 1
- Palaung region region - 1 1
- Kengtung East region region - 1 1
- Homein region region - 1 1
- Monehtaw, Monehta region region - 1 1
- Mawhpa region region - 1 1
- Pa-O region region - 1 1
Road and bridge
- Earth road mile - 1885/7 1885/7
- Bridge (large, small, suspension) bridge - 23/186/2 23/186/2
Health care service
- Sub rural health centre centre - 52 52
Education
Agriculture
- Agriculture farm farm - 65 65
- Dam dam - 28 28

Livestock Breeding
- livestock Farm farm - 16 16
- Distribution of Donkeys head - 81 81
Energy
- Towns / Village with Electric city town / village - 88 88
- Towns / Village with hydel power town / village - 13 13
- TV retransmission station sation - 54 54
Mineral Exploration and
Mining
- Ruby karat - 249280.26 249280.26
- Sapphire piece - 507.7 507.7
Communications
- Telegraph service - 21 21
- Telephone service - 59 59
Raligion Affairs
- Ceti - 13 13
- Monastery - 55 55
- Monasteric schools school - 3 3
- Other Religious Buildings - 16 16

Higher education standard and right concept of national people are
essential for improvement of socio-economic life of the entire national people and trans-
forming the Union into a modern and developed one. The government is improving its
information sector that serves as a bridge between the State and the people in Shan State
in the drive towards reaching the golden land of unity and amity. Progress made in this
field may be seen in the the table.
Development in the information and

public relations sector of Shan State
- IPRD library library 14 74 60
- Departmental library library - 63 63
- e-Library library - 4 4
- Sub-printing house * house - 3 3
*Sub-printing houses 1. Lashio 2. Taunggyi 3. Kengtung
Cultural Museum and Library (Taunggyi)

The greening Minwun Mountain
Meza Bridge A metal mill in Kyay-sin-taung

and development in Sagaing Division
The Union of Myanmar has prospects for development if the national people further
enhance peace and unity in harmony.
It is known to all that since its assumption of State duties, the Tatmadaw has paid priority
to national reconsolidation, while upholding Our Three Main National Causes — non-disintegration
of the Union, non-disintegration of national solidarity, and perpetuation of sovereignty.
The government is building infrastructures in diversified spheres for equitable development
of all parts of the nation, reducing the development gap between one region and another, and
raising the living standard of the people. In its bid to construct economic, education, health and
transport infrastructures of the states and divisions, the government is making efforts with might
and main and enlisting the strength of the people and the governmental staff based on self-
reliance. The harmonious endeavours of the State, the people and the Tatmadaw have yielded
sustainable progress of states and divisions and it is making significant contributions towards the
development of the entire Union. Now, almost all of the infrastructures required for national
development have been in place.
During the inspection tour of Rakhine State on 29 November 2004, Head of State Senior
General Than Shwe gave guidance to the officials, saying that since the assumption of
State responsibilities, the Tatmadaw has been doing its utmost with a robust concept
that all regions of the nation and national races will be able to enjoy equal develop-
ment in a short time. Basically, he said, all the regions of the nation are the same, but
they have specific features and characteristics of their own. It is required to utilize the
significant natural resources of the regions in a correct and effective way to narrow
the development gap between one region and another and for ensuring proportion-
ate development of all. There will be development only if terrestrial and aquatic
resources are tapped efficiently and effectively by manpower, he said.
The national people are indeed capable of taking a correct approach to what is going on
in the world as well as to the internal affairs. So they are now marching to a new golden land
of unity and amity by means of participating in the nation-building endeavours whatever role it
may be for ensuring perpetual existence of their mother country as well as for social and
economic progress of the entire people.
I have presented the government’s unremitting endeavours and activities for bringing equi-
table progress to the hilly regions and the plains of the nation and harmonious development of
all sectors in the interests of the nation and the people. I would also like to present development
of the seven divisions in which various national races live in unison and harmony, comparing the
conditions in 1988 and those at present starting with Sagaing Division.
Sagaing
In the east of Sagaing Division are Kachin State, Shan State and Mandalay Division, in the
south Mandalay Division and Magway Division, and in the west Chin State. With a total area
of 36,535 square miles, the Division is like a mini union in which a diversity of national races
such as Bamar, Shan, Naga, Chin, Gadu and Ganan have been living in unity. Its population
is around 6158676 and population density is 169 per square mile.
Its northern part is more populous. Its southern part has small mountain ranges and plains.
Its north-west part shares border with India, and along this border line are more-than-10,000-
foot-high Patkwaing Mountain Range and about 8,000 foot high Naga Mountain Range, on
which the 12,553-foot-high Mount Sarameri lies. There are other mountain ranges such as
Minwum, Pontaung and Ponnya. The Ayeyawady River, the Chindwin River and the Mu River
flow through the region. Among the plains in the region, Shwebo Plain is the largest, and such
plains as Homalin, Kabaw valley, Myittha valley, Monywapale, Meza valley and Katha are
famous.
Agriculture
Sagaing Division is located between the Ayeyawady and Chindwin rivers and the region is
long if compared with its width. Its lower part was a region where water was scarce in the past.
It gets only a little rainfall, and there was shortage of water in supplying water to the farmland
even in the rainy season.
However, the government has been able to upgrade the agricultural sector of the region, and
now it has become the granary of the Upper Myanmar. The government reclaimed the virgin
and fallow lands of the region. It has constructed water pumping stations, dams and diversion
weirs with the agricultural purpose.
In the past, there were more than 3.5 million arable acres in the region and now the sown
acreage has increased to more than 9.0 million in total.
Over the one-year period after the Tatmadaw had taken State duties, it was able to launch
projects of irrigation facilities — the underground water tapping project, Zedi Diversion Weir,
Letyetma Dam, Wetshu Diversion Weir, Tonegyaw Diversion Weir, Nwekhway Dam, YeU
Dam, Thazi Dam, Ywathaya artesian well, Htanzalok Dam, Kindat Dam, Kyepintet Dam,
Letpan Dam, Ngwetha Dam and Salingyi Dam one after another. These facilities benefit 9021614
acres of farmland. The multiple-cropping acreage of irrigated farmland has increased close to
3.2 million, up from more than 0.55 million in the past. So the multiple- cropping increased to
3.8 million.
Sagaing Division has got river water pumping stations, which had never been in the past in
Myanmar. So far, altogether 55 water pumping projects have been completed, five projects are
under way, and three projects will be launched in the region. In consequence, the region can
put another 0.13 million acres under crops, and the region is greening all-year round.
The opening ceremony of the Thaphanseik Dam, the region’s greatest showcase that enhances
the prestige of the nation, took place on 17 April 2001. Head of State Senior General Than
Shwe graced the occasion with his presence and delivered a speech to the ceremony, saying
“It took more than 40 years for previous governments just to carry out feasibility study for
Myaukyamayeku Reservoir in Pale Township, Monywa District

Development in the agriculture sector of Sagaing Division

Land resource
cultivable land
Water supply task
River water pumping project
- Task to be carried out Num - 3 3
Damming creek - 68 68
- Average benefited acres acre - 12045 12045
Artesian wells Num - 2823 2823
thousand 51540 134206 82666
construction of the Thaphanseik Dam, but they could not put the project into reality due
to various reasons. Yet, we set up a robust determination to see to that, and now the over-
40-year-long dream has come true. We have realized the project with the confidence that
if we do so, local people will be able to carry out double or triple cropping and they can
elevate their living and social standards cumulatively,” he added.
The speech reflected the Tatmadaw Government’s firm commitment to this project, the
genuine goodwill to the nation and the people, and a prudent provision for the nation’s
future.
With 108 feet high and 22,587 feet (more than four miles) long earthen embankment,
the dam is the largest of its kind in the nation. And the facility’s embankment is the longest
of its kind in South-East Asia. It benefits more than 500,000 acres of crops in Shwebo,
KhinU, Kanbalu, Daze, YeU, Dabayin, Budalin and Ayadaw townships all-year round.
The table shows the agricultural progress of Sagaing Division.
Development in the agriculture sector of Sagaing Division


Sugarcane acreage acre 5339 165088 159749
Progress in Maize acreage acre 74122 189651 115529
Rubber acreage acre - 4273 4273
Tea acre 5019 9583 4564
Pepper acre - 278 278
edible oil crop
- Groundnut acre 299582 574859 275277
- Sesame acre 686384 809901 123517
- Sunflower acre 86050 369374 283324
- Mustard acre 11771 28616 16845
- Niger acre 26507 92422 65915
Physic nut acre 396 408115 407719

Taking into account the food security of the nation’s future population of more than 100
million, the government is constructing good foundations in various sectors. It is also taking
measures for enabling Sagaing Division to become a region that provides a great deal of fish
and meat for other states and divisions.
The region is adhering to the guidance of the Head of State on distribution of pedigree
species of fish and breeding fish in rural regions on a commercial scale. Honey production has
been eight times now larger than 1988, reaching 277800 pounds.The table shows progress of
the livestock and fishery sector.
Development in the livestock breeding sector of Sagaing Division


- Buffalo head 319584 412193 92609
- Cattle head 1727420 2152175 424755
- Sheep/goat head 225971 430034 204063
- Pig head 303944 791924 487980
- Chicken head 2874560 9926347 7051787
- Duck head 59022 206082 147060
- Quail head - 67633 67633
- Honey production
- Bee-hives Num 1086 4730 3644
- Honey production pound 33100 277800 244700
- Pollination service acre 31786 53970 22184
Forest Conservation
The regional development tasks and environmental conservation are interdependent. Only
when the nation’s natural resources are well conserved and protected, will the steps be taken
effectively for national progress. So, it is needed to prevent the people from cutting down the
trees indiscriminately so as to avert the deforestation, while growing trees for forming new
forests.
Strictly following the guidance of the Head of State, Sagaing Division has managed to
conserve forests and set up new forests annually in the region. It has planted trees on all the
vacant lands on Sagaing Hill and speeded up implementation of the project for the greening of
Minwun Mountain.
The table shows the region’s progress in implementing the nine districts greening project in
cooperation with local authorities, service personnel and the locals.
Development in the forestry sector of Sagaing Division


- Teak special plantation acre - 13000 13000
- Village firewood acre 1364 34025 32661
- Industrial plantation acre - 3550 3550
- Watershed plantation acre 600 22425 21825
Mass tree planting Tree 0.55 18.12 17.57
(in Million)
Road and Transport

Being large and mountainous and endowed with rivers and creeks, Sagaing Division had
poor transport in the past. In the time of the Tatmadaw Government, Sagaing-Monywa Road,
Monywa-Kale Road, Tagaung-Shwegu Road, Tamu-Zedi Road, Hkamti-Lahe Road ( 56
miles), Htamanthi-Leshi Road (41 miles), Kalewa-Monywa Road (115 miles), and Kyepin-et
Dam bypass (10 miles and three furlongs) section of Shwebo-Myitkyina Road were upgraded.
The total length of the road in the region has increased to 2,095 miles including 1,031 miles
of bituminous roads, compared to only 1332 miles in 1988. The region is now enjoying better
transport.
Besides, new bridges emerge one after another. In the past, there were only 17 bridges,
each of which is more than 180 feet long. Now, the region has got 13 more such kind of bridges
including 465-foot Meza Bridge (Indaw), 2,330-foot Shweli Bridge (Katha), 4,730.2-foot
Chindwin Bridge (Monywa), 1,320-foot Myittha Bridge (Kalewa) and 4,957-foot Hsinbyushin
Bridge (ChaungU). Phainglin Bridge has been built and Kangyiwa Bridge project on Tamu-Zedi
Road in Tamu Township and Yetphachaung Bridge (408 feet) Project on Thetkekyin-Phaungpyin-
Homalin-Hkamti Road are under construction. Nantsalein Bridge (250 feet) on Hkamti-Lahe
Road will be launched in future.
Meza Bridge
Chindwin Bridge
With respect to the bridge projects implemented in Sagaing Division by the government, it
can be noted that only the two large bridges spanning Chindwin River were constructed. Up
to 1988, there were no bridges across the river and the region’s transport sector was poor in
the past.
The government is opening transport facilities one after another in the region including two
large bridges — Chindwin Bridge (Monywa) and Sinbyushin Bridge (ChaungU). Sinbyushin
Bridge lies on ChaungU-Pakokku-Gangaw-Kale railroad, which is contributing towards all-
round development of Sagaing Division.
The 277.34-mile ChaungU-Kale railroad links east banks and west banks of the Ayeyawady
River and the Chindwin River in Sagaing Division. The facility was built with the aim of ensuring
all-round progress of Pakokku, Gangaw and Kale regions and Chin State. The 146-mile
ChaungU-Kyaw railroad section was inaugurated in April 1997 and the 105.34-mile Kale-
Yaymyetni railroad section in July 1997. The two sections have 70 stations. Yaymyetni-Kyaw
section is under construction. In order to complete this section, the officials have to overcome
many natural barriers including the construction of the 5,610-foot-long Pondaung-Ponnya tun-
nel.
In addition, the government reconstructed Budalin-YeU railroad and extended it up to

KhinU, and built 2,125-foot bridge spanning Mu River to link Mandalay-Myitkyina railroad and
Sagaing-Monywa railroad stretching from east to north.
With farsightedness, the government is constructing new airports, railroads, roads and bridges
to shape the better future of the nation. Plans are under way to construct more transport
facilities in the region.
Asian highways, ASEAN highways, and transnational highways will be constructed in future.
The table shows progress of transport facilities of Sagaing Division that is enjoying prospects
for progress.
Myittha Bridge
Development in the transportation sector of Sagaing Division

Railways
- Route mile mile 316.50 420.63 104.13
- number of travellers mile 5211.6 5732.0 520.4
- number of mile mile 381905.9 483039.0 101133.1
- Track mile mile 350.11 460.59 110.48
- Goods Ton (1x1000) 176.1 236.6 60.5
- Goods/mile mile 26138.5 45093.7 18955.2
Development in the transportation sector of Sagaing Division


Airways
- above 5000 ft runway airfiled field 1 4 3
- earth road mile 297/0 341/1 44/1
Bridge
- Public Works
- completed bridge* bridge 17 30 13
- under construction** bridge - 2 2
- bridge to be built*** bridge - 1 1
- completed bridge bridge 694 979 285
*Five above 180-feet bridges **Two bridges under construction

built under special project 1. Uru Bridge (Homalin) (Special project)
1. Mezar Bridge (Indaw) 2. Nantsalein Bridge (Hkamti)
2. Shweli Bridge (Katha)
3. Chindwin Bridge (Monywa) ***Bridge to be built
4. Myittha Bridge (Kalaywa) 1. Yethpachaung Bridge
5. Hsinbyushin Bridge (ChaungU)
Communications
The region’s communication sector is making progress in parallel with other sectors. The
table reflects the State’s capabilities for progress of the region in external and local
communication.
Development in the communication sector of Sagaing Division


Post office office 158 158 -
Facsimile 1 80 79
Computer telegraph - 9 9
Telephone Service
- telephone office Office 23 90 67
manual exchange exchange 21 48 27
- auto/manual telephone phone 1892 20815 18923
- ARTS phone - 115 115
- DECT phone - 247 247
- CDMA (fixed) phone - 1 1
- mobile telephone phone - 3946 3946
- CDMA (mobile) phone - 95 95
- GSM phone - 3851 3851
Microwave station 4 22 18
Email/Internet - 43 43
- MPT Satellite Terminal - 127 127
Local satellite channel
- MPT Satellite Terminal - 508 508
Electric Power
The government is taking measures for supply of more electricity for the region. In 1988,
the region’s electricity consumption was more than 87 million units only. At that time, there was
not a single hydropower plant. But, after that period, the region was facilitated with the 30-
megawatt Thaphanseik hydropower plant, the 1.26-megawatt Zeegyaung hydropower plant,
and the 0.05-megawatt hydropower plant Lahe hydropower plant, increasing the figures of the
units to 282.19 million.
The capacity of generators has risen to 41.853 megawatt, up from 11.888 megawatts in
1988. The government is never content in serving the interests of the nation and the people.
The 1,200-megawatt Htamanthi, the 642-megawatt Shwesaryay hydel-power plant and
Yazagyo projects will emerge in the region soon. The table indicates progress of the electric
power sector of the region.
Development in the electric power sector of Sagaing Division
- Completed hydel power plant* plant - 3 3
- Medium (1-10 megawatt) plant - 1 1
- Small (up to 1 megawatt) plant - 1 1
Project under implementation** project - 3 3
- Small ( up to 1 megawatt) plant - 1 1
- Project to be carried out project - 2 2
- Large Scale (above 380 megawat)***plant - 2 2
Other power plants
- Diesel-used plant plant 92 64 (-) 28
(Megapower
supply increased)
- Biogas - used plant plant - 19 19
- Solar energy - used plant plant - 24 24
- Wind energy - used plant plant - 14 14
*Completed hydel power plants *** Project to be carried out

1. Thahpanseik 30.00 megawatt (Large Scale) 1. Mnipura 380.00 megawatt (Large Scale)
2. Zeechaung 1.260 megawatt (medium) 2. Mawlite 400.00 megawatt (Large Scale)
3. Lahe 0.050 megawatt (small)
**Hydel power project under implementation
1. Htamanthi 1200 megawatt (Large Scale)
2. Shwesaryay 642 megawatt (Large Scale)
3. Yazagyo 4.00 megawatt (medium )
Industry
Sagaing Division is enjoying cumulative progress in the industrial sector. In the region
are Monywa and Kale industrial zones.
The number of private factories and plants has grown to more than 3,000 alongside 351
small-scale industries and 60 State-owned industries. The table represents progress of the
region’s industrial sector.
Metal Mill at Kyay-sin-taung in Sagaing Division

Development in the industrial sector of Sagaing Division


Industrial zones - 2 2
Industries - 1250 1250
-Cottage industry plant - 351 351
State-owned industry plant 48 60 12
Mining and Minerals

The region is extending its mining industry. The number of its mining blocks of jade, copper,
gold and coal is on the increase. It also discovered other mineral deposits including quart. In
2007, it produced 135000 kilos of jade, 28593 metric tons of copper, 1579 troy ounces of
pure gold, 1559 troy ounces of raw gold, and 25854 metric tons of coal.
Education
Sagaing Division is contributing towards the government’s drive for producing more intellec-
tuals and intelligentsia and outstanding educated persons so as to enable the nation to exist
forever and ensure national progress. So far, the government has opened 1087 post-primary
schools to help local youths pursue education constantly. The figures of basic education schools
have increased to 4585 including 335 basic education middle schools and 244 basic education
high schools.
The government opened an institute of economics, and a university in Monywa, a university
of education in Sagaing, a university in Kale, a degree college in Shwebo, and an education
college each in Sagaing and Monywa, to enable local people to pursue education in respective
regions. The number of students of higher education has surged 34 times.
The table depicts the region’s progress in the educational sector.
Development in the education sector of Sagaing Division

- Number of schools school 3603 4585 982
- Post primary school
- Primary school
school
school
-
3379
1087
2956
} 627

- Number of student student 600501 918443 317942
- Preprimary school
- Number of schools school - 155 155
-Training college and school school 1 upgraded
-Education college college - 2 2
-Number of teacher teacher 15 114 99
-Number of trainees trainee 146 2298 2152
School enrolment rate prcent 67.97 97.64 29.67
Wastage
- University, college, degree college 2 4 2
- Institute - 2 2
- Arts and Science University university - 1 1
- Degree college college - 1 1
- College college 2 - upgraded
e-learning centre centre - 8 8
Number of WAN sites site - 4 4
Teaching programmes 8 96 88
Human Resource Development Centrecentre - 4 4
Institute of Economics (Monywa)

The region is also enjoying the improvement of the science and technology sector. The
table shows progress of the number of students in the region.
Development in the science and technology sector of Sagaing Division


- Technological University (Monwya)university - 1 1
- Computer University university - 1 1
- Computer University (Monywa) university - 1 1
Development in the science and technology sector of Sagaing Division


Technological College / Training School college - 3 3
- Government Technological College
(Sagaing) college - 1 1
- Government Technological College
(Shwebo) college - 1 1
Technical Training School (Monywa) school - 1 1
Technological University (Monywa)

Health
The State has upgraded 11 hospitals in the region to provide better health care services for
the people. The figures of hospital have stood 90 including three 200-bed hospitals, four 100-
bed hospitals and two 50-bed hospitals. It also opened nine more health care centres, 22
traditional health care centres and two traditional medicines hospitals. A total of nearly 1044
health staff including 257 specialists and assistant surgeons have been appointed in these health
care facilities. It also opened a nurses training school along with a midwifery training
school to produce nurses and midwives.
The table shows progress of health staff in the region.
Development in the health sector of Sagaing Division

- 200-Bedded Hospital Hospital - 3 3
- 150 -Beddded Hospital Hospital 1 - upgrading
- 100-Bedded Hospital Hospital 3 4 1
- 50-Bedded Hospital Hospital 3 2 upgrading
- 25-Bedded Hospital Hospital 4 12 8
- 16-Beddded Hospital Hospital 27 16 upgrading
- Hospital of other Ministry Hospital 1 4 3
Health Centres and Teams centre 222 231 9
- Rural Health Centre Centre 175 184 9
- Maternal and Child Health Centre Centre 41 41 -
- Primary and Secondary Health Center Center 1 1 -
-School Health Team Team 5 5 -
Development in the health sector of Sagaing Division


Health Manpower * Person 1957 3001 1044
Traditional Medicine
-Traditional Medicine Hospital(16Bed) Hospital - 2 2
Training School School 1 2 1
- Midwifery School School 1 1 -

Sagaing Division has been facilitated with a network of transport facilities. The length of the
urban roads has risen from 186 to 714/4 miles including 240/3 miles of bituminous roads. The
region has a total of 1108 urban bridges. So far, urban water supply projects have been
completed in 18 out of 37 towns.
At the same time, the length of rural roads has surged over 20 times from more than
160 miles to over 3886 miles. The region has 1503 rural bridges. The water supply project
has thoroughly covered 2437 out of 3575 villages.
Development in the development affairs sector of Sagaing Division

Urban development
-Urban roads mile 185/7 714/4 528/5
- Granite road mile 17/0 35/4 18/4
- Earth road mile 40/2 283/5 243/3

Township where tasks to be carried out town 37 18 18
Rural Development
- Rural roads mile 160/3 3886/7 3726/4
- Earth road mile 39/5 3119/0 3079/3
- concrete bridge - 367 367
- wood bridge - 971 971
- conduit conduit - 67 67
- other bridge - 98 98
Progress of Border Areas and National Races

Only when the education level of national races in border areas is high, will they have a wide
view of things along with good ideas and be able to play a leading role in the regional
development tasks. The government has been building basic foundations for regional progress
in Naga and Kabaw regions in order to effectively reduce the development gap between
one region and another. The table shows progress of the border areas and national races
development sector.
affairs sector of Sagaing Division
- Naga region region - 1 1
- Kabaw region region - 1 1
Road and bridge
- Bridge (large, small, suspension) bridge - 13/152/14 13/152/14
Health care service
- Sub Rural health centre centre - 18 18
Education
- Highschool school - 8 8
- Teacher teacher - 531 531
- Student student - 16294 16294

affairs sector of Sagaing Division
Agriculture
- Agriculture farm farm - 4 4
- Dam dam - 9 9
Livestock breeding
- Livestock farm farm - 1 1
- Distribution of donkey - 4 4
Energy
- Electricity - 21 21
- Hydroelectric power - 1 1
Public relations
Communication
- Telegraph office - 5 5
- Telephone office - 8 8
Religion Affairs
- Ceti - 8 8
- Monastery - 33 33
- Other Religious Buildings - 3 3
Human Resources
The government established the University for Development of National Races to bring
progress to the Union and to help locals participate in the project for progress of border areas
and national races and to create opportunities for the teachers, produced by the institute for
development of national races, shouldering duties across the nation to pursue education in the
university and to lift their lifestyle by themselves.
The training centres for development of youths are nurturing the youths in such border
regions in Sagaing Division as Kale, Hkamti, Leshi and Lahe. The Institute of Agriculture
has been established in Shwebo to disseminate agricultural methods to local farmers in the
region. The table indicates progress in the field.
Development of the Union and Human Resource Development

in Sagaing Division
University for Development of
National Races university - 1 1
Cooperatives College college - 1 1
Youth Development Training School* school - 3 3
Agriculture Institute institute 1 1 -
*Youth Development Training School

1.Hkamti 2. Layshi 3. Lahe
University for Development of National Races

The Tatmadaw Government is employing the public mass media to ensure oneness of
the parts of the nation and the national races sharing the same views and outlooks. The
table shows progress of the information sector in the region.
Development in the information and public relations sector of Sagaing

Division

-TV retransmission station station 1 23 22
-IPRD office office - 39 39
-IPRD library library 12 39 27
-Departmental library library - 87 87
-Rural library library - 5887 5887
-e-Library library - 58 58
-Sub-printing house (Kalay) house - 1 1
River water-pumping project
The scenic beauty of

coastal line
Kyweku-Kyaukpya Bridge Yedagun natural gas exploration

project

2007 Chronicle Eng Page93 To 207

Uploaded by

Document Information

Original Title

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

2007 Chronicle Eng Page93 To 207

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

Changing scenes of modernization

and development in Chin State

Development in the agriculture sector of Chin State

Subject Count 1988 31-12-2007 Progress

Development in the agriculture sector of Chin State

Subject Count 1988 31-12-2007 Progress

Livestock and Fisheries

Development in the livestock breeding sector of Chin State

Extended livestock breeding

- Buffalo head 19636 40674 21038

- Cattle head 83918 132862 48944

- Sheep/goat head 37664 67129 29465

- Pig head 139270 236267 96997

- Chicken head 721074 2404055 1682981

- Duck head 8010 25150 17140

- Turkey, goose, muscovy duck head 301 7297 6996

Fish and prawn breeding

- Fish breeding pond acre 16 101 85

Development in the forestry sector of Chin State

Subject Count 1988 31-12-2007 Progress

Road and Transport

Inauguration ceremony of Mindat-Matupi Road

Development in the transportation sector of Chin State

Subject Count 1988 31-12-2007 Progress

Development in the communication sector of Chin State

Development in the electric power sector of Chin State

Subject Count 1988 31-12-2007 Progress

Electricity consumption unit(in million) 2.700 4.65 1.95

*Completed Hydel power plant

Development in the industrial sector of Chin State

Subject Count 1988 31-12-2007 Progress

Upgrading of industrial power

Development in the education sector of Chin State

Basic education level

- Multi media classroom room - 31 31

Development in the education sector of Chin State

Subject Count 1988 31-12-2007 Progress

Science and Technology

Development in the science and technology sector of Chin State

Subject Count 1988 31-12-2007 Progress

Technological University university - 1 1

Technological University (Kalay)

Subject Count 1988 31-12-2007 Progress

Urban and Rural Development

Development in the development affairs sector of Chin State

Subject Count 1988 31-12-2007 Progress

Border Areas and National Races Development

Development in the border areas and national races

Subject Count 1988 31-12-2007 Progress

Development in the border areas and national races

Information and Public Relations

Development in the information and public relations sector of Chin State

Subject Count 1988 31-12-2007 Progress

Thanlwin Bridge (Mawlamyine) Yadana natural gas project

Changing scenes of modernization

Kataik Reservoir in Paung Township, Thahton District

Development in the agriculture sector of Mon State

*Dams under construction

Seikkyun Sluice Gate

Livestock and Fisheries

Development in the livestock breeding sector of Mon State

Subject Count 1988 31-12-2007 Progress

Development in the forestry sector of Mon State