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Actividad de Lectura 1
Read this text to understand how to use your dictionary in a better way.
USINGANENGLISHDICTIONARY
For foreign students of English, a good dictionary is a necessary reference book. Like
all tools, however, it is valuable only if it is used correctly and efficiently. A short time
spent on learning what a dictionary contains and how it should be used will save you
much time later.
Dictionaries to Avoid
Because new words come into the language and old meaning frequently change, it is
important to use only a dictionary that has been recently published or revised. Avoid a
dictionary that is more than ten or at most fifteen years old.
Small paper-covered dictionaries have only a limited value for your study needs. They
are abridgements of abridgements. Also, though they may have been published recently,
many of these pocket-size dictionaries are copied without changes from older
dictionaries.
5) to find the derivation of a word (the 5) encontrar las palabras derivadas (su
origins of the word ) origen)
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Words to Know
GUIDE WORDS - two words listed PALABRAS GUAS dos palabras en el borde
at the top of each dictionary page superior de cada pgina que sealan las palabras
that signal the words alphabetically enlistadas en la misma.
listed on the page
Actividad 1
Este enlace lo llevar a una hoja de prctica en espaol.
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to lose office
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2 . We built a run for our new greyhound so she could get daily
exercise
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to smuggle
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governing power
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5. After she broke her tooth, she had to get a bridge from her
dentist
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an electrical shunt
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a span
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6. Dont forget to turn off the iron when you have finished ironing
your clothes
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a harpoon
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a metal appliance with a handle and a flat bottom
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7. Diane has such class. She carries herself well and always dresses
with perfection
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a group of students
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a grade of mail
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8. The airline will have to charge extra if you want your cat to join
you onboard
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surprising news
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9. The young boy and his dog had to be saved when the raging river
flooded their village.
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to avoid waste
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to treat with care by avoiding fatigue
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to supply as required
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Categoras Lxicas.
Parts of Speech
Learning about the parts of speech is the first step in grammar study just as
learning the letters of the alphabet is the first step to being able to read and write.
From learning the parts of speech we begin to understand the use or function of
words and how words are joined together to make meaningful communication. To
understand what a part of speech is, you must understand the idea of putting
similar things together into groups or categories. Let's look at some examples of
categories.
Colors, fruits, drinks, and languages are categories. If I tell you that Grebo is a
language, you would understand exactly what Grebo is. If we did not have the
category language, it would be hard to explain what is meant by the word Grebo. It
is very convenient to have categories to talk about similar things. Let's look at some
more examples of categories. In the list below, which does not belong with the
others?
a) violin
b) hammer
c) drums
d) piano
e) guitar
If you chose hammer, you are right. Violin, drums, piano, and guitar are used to
make music, but a hammer is not used to make music. Hammer doesn't fit with the
other words because it is a tool and all of the others are musical instruments.
Let's try another example. Which of these does not belong with the others?
a) hammer
b) saw
c) violin
c) screwdriver
d) wrench
This time, the word violin does not belong because it is not a tool. It is very useful
to have categories like musical instruments and tools to organize our ideas. The
parts of speech are categories used to organize or classify words according to how
they are used. We use parts of speech as a way to make it easier to talk about
language.
The philosopher Aristotle and later scientists studied animals and classified them
according to what they have in common. For example, eagles, robins and sparrows
are kinds of birds;sharks, salmonand tuna are kinds of fish; and dogs, horses and
elephants are kinds of mammals. Aristotle and others also studied language and
classified words according to what they have in common. We usually use 8
categories or parts of speech to classify all the words we use in English. This
classification is not perfect. Sometimes it is hard to tell which category a word
belongs in. The same word may belong in different categories depending on how it
is used. There may be better ways to classify English than by using the 8 parts of
speech. But this classification has been used for a long time and many grammar
books use it, so it is easier to keep on using it. It is possible to speak or learn a
language without knowing the parts of speech, but for most of us, knowing about
parts of speech makes things easier.
Here is an example of how it can be helpful to know about the parts of speech. Look
at the sentence: The man surreptitiously entered the room. You probably don't
know the meaning of the word surreptitiously, but if you know about parts of
speech, you will recognize that it is an adverb and that it tells you something about
how the man entered the room. You may still not understand the exact meaning of
the word, but you can understand the whole sentence better than if you did not
know about parts of speech.
When you look up a word in a dictionary, you will find not only the meaning of the
word but also what part of speech it is. This information is very helpful in
understanding the full meaning of the word and knowing how to use it.
The 9 parts of speech that are used to describe English words are:
Interjections
This set of lessons will teach you about each of the parts of speech and show how
they are different from each other. They will help you recognize which part of
speech each word in a sentence is and that will help you become a better reader.
Review this lesson as many times as you want.
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Additional Reading
Parts of Speech
NOUNS Name a person, place, thing or idea.
ADJECTIVES Are modifying words that describe a noun, such as size, color
and number.
Examples:
In the sentence Sue runs very fast, very describes the adverb
fast and gives information about how fast Sue runs.
Most, but not all adverbs end in -ly as in But not all words that
end in -ly are adverbs (ugly is an adjective, supply and reply
can both be nouns or verbs). Many times an adjective can be
made into an adverb by adding -ly as in nicely, quickly,
completely, sincerely.
Examples: a the
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September
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March
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Wednesday
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October
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apple
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cherry
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peach
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lettuce
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car
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radio
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train
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airplane
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woman
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mother
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daughter
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aunt
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adjective
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article
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category
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pronoun
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conjunction
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classification
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noun
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preposition
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belong
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explain
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classify
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name
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8) Which of the following is the name of the category that the other words belong
to?
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philosophy
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subject
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history
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math
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subject
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clause
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object
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preposition
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yellow
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face
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Colorado
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notebook
Activity 2
TEST YOUR KNOWLEDGE
When you select your option, it will take you to another
site to give you feedback
Identify the part of speech of the highlighted word in each of the
following sentences: