CaliforniaDepartmentofEducation

EnglishLanguageDevelopmentStandardsforGrades1112

Section1:Goal,CriticalPrinciples,andOverview

Goal:Englishlearnersread,analyze,interpret,andcreateavarietyofliteraryandinformationaltexttypes.Theydevelopanunderstandingofhowlanguageisa
complex,dynamic,andsocialresourceformakingmeaning,aswellashowcontentisorganizedindifferenttexttypesandacrossdisciplinesusingtextstructure,
languagefeatures,andvocabularydependingonpurposeandaudience.TheyareawarethatdifferentlanguagesandvariationsofEnglishexist,andtheyrecognizetheir
homelanguagesandculturesasresourcestovalueintheirownrightandalsotodrawuponinordertobuildproficiencyinEnglish.Englishlearnerscontributeactively
toclassandgroupdiscussions,askingquestions,respondingappropriately,andprovidingusefulfeedback.Theydemonstrateknowledgeofcontentthroughoral
presentations,writing,collaborativeconversations,andmultimedia.Theydevelopproficiencyinshiftinglanguageusebasedontask,purpose,audience,andtexttype.

CriticalPrinciplesforDevelopingLanguageandCognitioninAcademicContexts:WhileadvancingalongthecontinuumofEnglishlanguagedevelopmentlevels,English
learnersatalllevelsengageinintellectuallychallengingliteracy,disciplinary,anddisciplinaryliteracytasks.Theyuselanguageinmeaningfulandrelevantways
appropriatetogradelevel,contentarea,topic,purpose,audience,andtexttypeinEnglishlanguagearts,mathematics,science,socialstudies,andthearts.Specifically,
theyuselanguagetogainandexchangeinformationandideasinthreecommunicativemodes(collaborative,interpretive,andproductive),theyandapplyknowledge
oflanguagetoacademictasksviathreecrossmodelanguageprocesses(structuringcohesivetexts,expandingandenrichingideas,andconnectingandcondensing
ideas)usingvariouslinguisticresources.

PartI:InteractinginMeaningfulWays(page1of2) CorrespondingCommonCoreState
StandardsforEnglishLanguageArts*
A. Collaborative

1.Exchanginginformationandideaswithothersthroughoralcollaborativediscussionsonarangeofsocialandacademictopics SL.1112.1,6;L.1112.3,6

2.InteractingwithothersinwrittenEnglishinvariouscommunicativeforms(print,communicativetechnology,andmultimedia) W.1112.6;WHST.1112.6;SL.1112.2;
L.1112.3,6
3.Offeringandjustifyingopinions,negotiatingwithandpersuadingothersincommunicativeexchanges W.1112.1;WHST.1112.1;
SL.1112.1,4,6;L.1112.3,6

4.Adaptinglanguagechoicestovariouscontexts(basedontask,purpose,audience,andtexttype) W.1112.45;WHST.1112.45;SL.11
12.6;L.1112.1,3,6

B. Interpretive
5.ListeningactivelytospokenEnglishinarangeofsocialandacademiccontexts SL.1112.1,3,6;L.1112.1,3,6

6.Readingcloselyliteraryandinformationaltextsandviewingmultimediatodeterminehowmeaningisconveyedexplicitlyandimplicitly RL.1112.17,910;RI.1112.110;
throughlanguage RH.1112.110;RST.1112.110;SL.11
12.2;L.1112.1,3,6
7.Evaluatinghowwellwritersandspeakersuselanguagetosupportideasandargumentswithdetailsorevidencedependingonmodality,text RL.1112.45;RI.1112.4,6,8;
type,purpose,audience,topic,andcontentarea RH.1112.46,8;RST.1112.46,8;SL.11
12.3;L.1112.3,56
8.Analyzinghowwritersandspeakersusevocabularyandotherlanguageresourcesforspecificpurposes(toexplain,persuade,entertain,etc.) RL.1112.45;RI.1112.45;RH.1112.4
dependingonmodality,texttype,purpose,audience,topic,andcontentarea 5;RST.1112.45;SL.1112.3;
L.1112.3,56

CaliforniaEnglishLanguageDevelopmentStandardsforGrades1112October5,2012 1
 CaliforniaDepartmentofEducation
EnglishLanguageDevelopmentStandardsforGrades1112

PartI:InteractinginMeaningfulWays(page2of2) StandardsCorrespondingCommonCore
StateforEnglishLanguageArts*

C. Productive

9.Expressinginformationandideasinformaloralpresentationsonacademictopic SL.1112.46;L.1112.1,3

10.Writingliteraryandinformationaltextstopresent,describe,andexplainideasandinformation,usingappropriatetechnology W.1112.110;WHST.1112.12,410;
L.1112.16

11.Justifyingownargumentsandevaluatingothersargumentsinwriting W.1112.1,89;WHST.1112.1,89;
L.1112.13,6

12.Selectingandapplyingvariedandprecisevocabularyandlanguagestructurestoeffectivelyconveyideas W.1112.45;WHST.1112.45;
SL.1112.4,6;L.1112.1,3,56

CaliforniaEnglishLanguageDevelopmentStandardsforGrades1112October5,2012 2
 CaliforniaDepartmentofEducation
EnglishLanguageDevelopmentStandardsforGrades1112

PartII:LearningAboutHowEnglishWorks CorrespondingCommonCoreState
StandardsforEnglishLanguageArts*

A. StructuringCohesiveTexts

1.Understandingtextstructure RL.1112.5;RI.1112.5;RH.1112.5;
RST.1112.5;W.1112.15,10;
WHST.1112.12,45,10;SL.1112.4
2.Understandingcohesion RI.1112.5;RH.1112.5;RST.1112.5;
W.1112.15,10;
WHST.1112.12,45,10;L.1112.1,36
B. ExpandingandEnrichingIdeas

3.Usingverbsandverbphrases W.1112.5;WHST.1112.5;SL.1112.6;
L.1112.1,36
4.Usingnounsandnounphrases W.1112.5;WHST.1112.5;SL.1112.6;
L.1112.1,36
5.Modifyingtoadddetails W.1112.45;WHST.1112.45;
SL.1112.6;L.1112.1,36
C. ConnectingandCondensingIdeas

6.Connectingideas W.1112.15;WHST.1112.12,45;
SL.1112.4,6;L.1112.1,36
7.Condensingideas W.1112.15;WHST.1112.12,45;
SL.1112.4,6;L.1112.1,36
PartIII:UsingFoundationalLiteracySkills RF.K1.14;RF.25.34(asappropriate)
*TheCaliforniaEnglishLanguageDevelopmentStandardscorrespondtoCaliforniasCommonCoreStateStandardsforEnglishLanguageArts(ELA)and,forgrades612,Literacyin
History/SocialStudies,Science,andTechnicalSubjects.EnglishlearnersshouldhavefullaccesstoandopportunitiestolearnELA,mathematics,science,history/socialstudies,andother
contentatthesametimetheyareprogressingtowardfullproficiencyinEnglish.

Note:Examplesprovidedinspecificstandardsareofferedonlyasillustrativepossibilitiesandshouldnotbemisinterpretedastheonlyobjectivesofinstructionorastheonlytypesof
languageEnglishlearnersmightorshouldbeabletounderstandorproduce.

CaliforniaEnglishLanguageDevelopmentStandardforGrades1112October3,2012 3
 CaliforniaDepartmentofEducation
EnglishLanguageDevelopmentStandardsforGrades1112

Section2:ElaborationonCriticalPrinciplesforDevelopingLanguage&CognitioninAcademicContexts
PartI:InteractinginMeaningfulWays
TextsandDiscourseinContext EnglishLanguageDevelopmentLevelContinuum
PartI,strands14CorrespondingCommon Emerging Expanding Bridging
CoreStateStandardsforEnglishLanguage
Arts: 1.Exchanginginformation/ideas 1.Exchanginginformation/ideas 1.Exchanginginformation/ideas
Engageinconversationalexchanges Contributetoclass,group,andpartner Contributetoclass,group,andpartner
1. SL.1112.1,6;L.1112.3,6 discussions,sustainingconversations discussions,sustainingconversationson
andexpressideasonfamiliarcurrent
2. W.1112.6;WHST.1112.6;SL.1112.2; onavarietyofageandgrade avarietyofageandgradeappropriate
eventsandacademictopicsbyasking
L.1112.3,6 appropriateacademictopicsby academictopicsbyfollowingturntaking
andansweringyesnoquestionsand
3. W.1112.1;WHST.1112.1; followingturntakingrules,askingand rules,askingandansweringrelevant,
whquestionsandrespondingusing
SL.1112.1,4,6;L.1112.3,6 answeringrelevant,ontopicquestions, ontopicquestions,affirmingothers,
phrasesandshortsentences.
4. W.1112.45;WHST.45;SL.1112.6; affirmingothers,providingadditional, andprovidingcoherentandwell

L.1112.1,3,6 relevantinformation,andparaphrasing articulatedcommentsandadditional

Purposesforusinglanguageinclude: keyideas. information.
A.Collaborative(page1of2)

Describing,entertaining,informing,
interpreting,analyzing,recounting, 2.InteractingviawrittenEnglish 2.InteractingviawrittenEnglish 2.InteractingviawrittenEnglish
explaining,persuading,negotiating, Collaboratewithpeerstoengagein Collaboratewithpeerstoengagein Collaboratewithpeerstoengageina
justifying,evaluating,etc. short,gradeappropriatewritten increasinglycomplexgrade varietyofextendedwrittenexchanges
exchangesandwritingprojects,using appropriatewrittenexchangesand andcomplexgradeappropriatewriting
Texttypesinclude: technologyasappropriate. writingprojects,usingtechnologyas projects,usingtechnologyas
Informationaltexttypesinclude: appropriate. appropriate.
descriptionsoraccounts(e.g.,scientific,
historical,economic,technical),recounts
(e.g.,biography,memoir),information
reports,explanations(e.g.,causal,factorial),
expositions(e.g.,speeches,opinionpieces,
argument,debate),responses(e.g.,literary
analysis),etc.

Literarytexttypesinclude:
stories(e.g.,historicalfiction,myths,
graphicnovels),poetry,drama,etc.

Audiencesinclude:
Peers(onetoone)
Smallgroup(onetogroup)
Wholegroup(onetomany)

CaliforniaEnglishLanguageDevelopmentStandardforGrades1112October3,2012 4
 CaliforniaDepartmentofEducation
EnglishLanguageDevelopmentStandardsforGrades1112

Section2:ElaborationonCriticalPrinciplesforDevelopingLanguage&CognitioninAcademicContexts
PartI:InteractinginMeaningfulWays
TextsandDiscourseinContext EnglishLanguageDevelopmentLevelContinuum
PartI,strands14CorrespondingCommon Emerging Expanding Bridging
CoreStateStandardsforEnglishLanguage
Arts: 3.Supportingopinionsandpersuading 3.Supportingopinionsandpersuading 3.Supportingopinionsandpersuading
others others others
1. SL.1112.1,6;L.1112.3,6 Negotiatewithorpersuadeothersin Negotiatewithandpersuadeothers Negotiatewithorpersuadeothersin
2. W.1112.6;WHST.1112.6;SL.1112.2; conversations(e.g.,askforclarification (e.g.,bypresentingcounter discussionsandconversationsin
L.1112.3,6 orrepetition)usinglearnedphrases arguments)indiscussionsand appropriateregisters(e.g.,to
3. W.1112.1;WHST.1112.1; (e.g.,Couldyourepeatthatplease?I conversationsusinglearnedphrases acknowledgenewinformationand
SL.1112.1,4,6;L.1112.3,6 believe...)andopenresponsesto (e.g.,Youmakeavalidpointbutmy politelyofferacounterpoint)usinga
4. W.1112.45;WHST.45;SL.1112.6; expressanddefendopinions. viewis...)andopenresponsesto varietyoflearnedphrases(e.g.,You
L.1112.1,3,6 expressanddefendnuancedopinions. postulatethatX.However,Ivereached
Purposesforusinglanguageinclude: adifferentconclusiononthisissue.)and
A.Collaborative(page2of2)

Describing,entertaining,informing, openresponsestoexpressanddefend
interpreting,analyzing,recounting, nuancedopinions.
explaining,persuading,negotiating,
justifying,evaluating,etc. 4.Adaptinglanguagechoices 4.Adaptinglanguagechoices 4.Adaptinglanguagechoices
Adjustlanguagechoicesaccordingto Adjustlanguagechoicesaccordingto Adjustlanguagechoicesaccordingto
Texttypesinclude: thecontext(e.g.,classroom, thecontext(e.g.,classroom, thetask(e.g.,grouppresentationof
Informationaltexttypesinclude: community)andaudience(e.g.,peers, community),purpose(e.g.,to researchproject),context(e.g.,
descriptionsoraccounts(e.g.,scientific, teachers). persuade,toprovideargumentsor classroom,community),purpose(e.g.,
historical,economic,technical),recounts counterarguments),task,and topersuade,toprovideargumentsor
(e.g.,biography,memoir),information audience(e.g.,peers,teachers,guest counterarguments),andaudience(e.g.,
reports,explanations(e.g.,causal,factorial), lecturer). peers,teachers,collegerecruiter).
expositions(e.g.,speeches,opinionpieces,
argument,debate),responses(e.g.,literary
analysis),etc.

Literarytexttypesinclude:
stories(e.g.,historicalfiction,myths,
graphicnovels),poetry,drama,etc.

Audiencesinclude:
Peers(onetoone)
Smallgroup(onetogroup)
Wholegroup(onetomany)

CaliforniaEnglishLanguageDevelopmentStandardforGrades1112October3,2012 5
 CaliforniaDepartmentofEducation
EnglishLanguageDevelopmentStandardsforGrades1112
Section2:ElaborationonCriticalPrinciplesforDevelopingLanguage&CognitioninAcademicContexts
PartI:InteractinginMeaningfulWays
TextsandDiscourseinContext EnglishLanguageDevelopmentLevelContinuum
PartI,strands58CorrespondingCommon Emerging Expanding Bridging
CoreStateStandardsforEnglishLanguage 5.Listeningactively 5.Listeningactively 5.Listeningactively
Arts: Demonstratecomprehensionoforal Demonstratecomprehensionoforal Demonstratecomprehensionoforal
5. SL.1112.1,3,6;L.1112.1,3,6 presentationsanddiscussionson presentationsanddiscussionsona presentationsanddiscussionsona
6. RL.1112.17,910;RI.1112.110; familiarsocialandacademictopicsby varietyofsocialandacademictopicsby varietyofsocialandacademictopicsby
RH.1112.110;RST.1112.110; askingandansweringquestionswith askingandansweringquestionsthat askingandansweringdetailedand
SL.1112.2;L.1112.1,3,6 promptingandsubstantialsupport. showthoughtfulconsiderationofthe complexquestionsthatshow
ideasorargumentswithmoderate thoughtfulconsiderationoftheideasor
7. RL.1112.45;RI.1112.4,6,8;
support. argumentswithlightsupport.
RH.1112.46,8;RST.1112.46,8;

SL.1112.3;L.1112.3,56
6.Reading/viewingclosely 6.Reading/viewingclosely 6.Reading/viewingclosely
8. RL.1112.45;RI.1112.45;
a)Explainideas,phenomena,processes, a)Explainideas,phenomena, a)Explainideas,phenomena,
RH.1112.45;RST.1112.45;
andtextrelationships(e.g., processes,andrelationshipswithinand processes,andrelationshipswithinand
SL.1112.3;L.1112.3,56
compare/contrast,cause/effect, acrosstexts(e.g.,compare/contrast, acrosstexts(e.g.,compare/contrast,
B.Interpretive(page1of2)

Purposesforusinglanguageinclude: evidencebasedargument)basedon cause/effect,themes,evidencebased cause/effect,themes,evidencebased

Describing,entertaining,informing, closereadingofavarietyofgrade argument)basedonclosereadingofa argument)basedonclosereadingofa
interpreting,analyzing,recounting, appropriatetexts,presentedinvarious varietyofgradeappropriatetexts, varietyofgradeleveltexts,presented
explaining,persuading,negotiating, printandmultimediaformats,using presentedinvariousprintand invariousprintandmultimedia
justifying,evaluating,etc. phrases,shortsentences,andaselect multimediaformats,usingincreasingly formats,usingavarietyofdetailed
setofgeneralacademicanddomain detailedsentences,andarangeof sentencesandprecisegeneralacademic
Texttypesinclude: specificwords. generalacademicanddomainspecific anddomainspecificwords.
Informationaltexttypesinclude: words.
descriptionsoraccounts(e.g.,scientific,
historical,economic,technical),recounts b)Explaininferencesandconclusions b)Explaininferencesandconclusions b)Explaininferencesandconclusions
(e.g.,biography,memoir),information drawnfromclosereadingofgrade drawnfromclosereadingofgrade drawnfromclosereadingofgradelevel
reports,explanations(e.g.,causal, appropriatetextsandviewingof appropriatetextsandviewingof textsandviewingofmultimediausinga
factorial),expositions(e.g.,speeches, multimedia,usingfamiliarverbs(e.g., multimediausingavarietyofverbsand varietyofverbsandadverbials(e.g.,
opinionpieces,argument,debate), seemsthat). adverbials(e.g.,indicatesthat, createstheimpressionthat,
responses(e.g.,literaryanalysis),etc. suggests,asaresult). consequently).

Literarytexttypesinclude: c)Useknowledgeofmorphology(e.g., c)Useknowledgeofmorphology(e.g., c)Useknowledgeofmorphology(e.g.,
stories(e.g.,historicalfiction,myths, commonprefixesandsuffixes),context, affixes,GreekandLatinroots),context, derivationalsuffixes),context,
graphicnovels),poetry,drama,etc. referencematerials,andvisualcuesto referencematerials,andvisualcuesto referencematerials,andvisualcuesto
determinethemeaningofunknownand determinethemeaningofunknown determinethemeaning,including
Audiencesinclude: multiplemeaningwordsonfamiliar andmultiplemeaningwordson figurativeandconnotativemeanings,of
Peers(onetoone) topics. familiarandnewtopics. unknownandmultiplemeaningwords
Smallgroup(onetogroup) onavarietyofnewtopics.
Wholegroup(onetomany)

CaliforniaEnglishLanguageDevelopmentStandardforGrades1112October3,2012 6
 CaliforniaDepartmentofEducation
EnglishLanguageDevelopmentStandardsforGrades1112
Section2:ElaborationonCriticalPrinciplesforDevelopingLanguage&CognitioninAcademicContexts
PartI:InteractinginMeaningfulWays
TextsandDiscourseinContext EnglishLanguageDevelopmentLevelContinuum
PartI,strands58CorrespondingCommon Emerging Expanding Bridging
CoreStateStandardsforEnglishLanguage 7.Evaluatinglanguagechoices 7.Evaluatinglanguagechoices 7.Evaluatinglanguagechoices
Arts: Explainhowsuccessfullywritersand Explainhowsuccessfullywritersand Explainhowsuccessfullywritersand
5. SL.1112.1,3,6;L.1112.1,3,6 speakersstructuretextsanduse speakersstructuretextsanduse speakersstructuretextsanduse
6. RL.1112.17,910;RI.1112.110; language(e.g.,specificwordorphrasing language(e.g.,specificwordor language(e.g.,specificwordor
RH.1112.110;RST.1112.110; choices)topersuadethereader(e.g.,by phrasingchoices)topersuadethe phrasingchoices)topersuadethe
SL.1112.2;L.1112.1,3,6 providingevidencetosupportclaimsor reader(e.g.,byprovidingwellworded reader(e.g.,byprovidingwellworded
connectingpointsinanargument)or evidencetosupportclaimsor evidencetosupportclaimsor
7. RL.1112.45;RI.1112.4,6,8;
createotherspecificeffects. connectingpointsinanargumentin connectingpointsinanargumentin
RH.1112.46,8;RST.1112.46,8;
specificways)orcreateotherspecific specificways)orcreateotherspecific
SL.1112.3;L.1112.3,56
effects,withmoderatesupport. effects,withlightsupport.
8. RL.1112.45;RI.1112.45;

RH.1112.45;RST.1112.45;
8.Analyzinglanguagechoices 8.Analyzinglanguagechoices 8.Analyzinglanguagechoices
SL.1112.3;L.1112.3,56
Explainhowawritersorspeakers Explainhowawritersorspeakers Explainhowawritersorspeakers
B.Interpretive(page2of2)

Purposesforusinglanguageinclude: choiceofphrasingorspecificwords choiceofphrasingorspecificwords choiceofavarietyofdifferenttypesof

Describing,entertaining,informing, (e.g.,describingacharacteroractionas (e.g.,usingfigurativelanguageorwords phrasingorwords(e.g.,hyperbole,
interpreting,analyzing,recounting, aggressiveversusbold)produces withmultiplemeaningstodescribean varyingconnotations,thecumulative
explaining,persuading,negotiating, nuancesordifferenteffectsonthe eventorcharacter)producesnuances impactofwordchoices)produces
justifying,evaluating,etc. audience. anddifferenteffectsontheaudience. nuancesanddifferenteffectsonthe
audience.
Texttypesinclude:
Informationaltexttypesinclude:
descriptionsoraccounts(e.g.,scientific,
historical,economic,technical),recounts
(e.g.,biography,memoir),information
reports,explanations(e.g.,causal,
factorial),expositions(e.g.,speeches,
opinionpieces,argument,debate),
responses(e.g.,literaryanalysis),etc.

Literarytexttypesinclude:
stories(e.g.,historicalfiction,myths,
graphicnovels),poetry,drama,etc.

Audiencesinclude:
Peers(onetoone)
Smallgroup(onetogroup)
Wholegroup(onetomany)

CaliforniaEnglishLanguageDevelopmentStandardforGrades1112October3,2012 7
 CaliforniaDepartmentofEducation
EnglishLanguageDevelopmentStandardsforGrades1112
Section2:ElaborationonCriticalPrinciplesforDevelopingLanguage&CognitioninAcademicContexts
PartI:InteractinginMeaningfulWays

TextsandDiscourseinContext EnglishLanguageDevelopmentLevelContinuum

PartI,strands912CorrespondingCommon Emerging Expanding Bridging

CoreStateStandardsforEnglishLanguage 9.Presenting 9.Presenting 9.Presenting
Arts: Plananddeliverbrieforal Plananddeliveravarietyoforal Plananddeliveravarietyoforal
9. SL.1112.46;L.1112.1,3 presentationsandreportson presentationsandreportsongrade presentationsandreportsongrade
10. W.1112.110;WHST.1112.12,410; gradeappropriatetopicsthat appropriatetopicsthatpresent appropriatetopicsthatexpresscomplex
L.1112.16 presentevidenceandfactsto evidenceandfactstosupportideas andabstractideas,wellsupportedby
11. W.1112.1,89;WHST.1112.1,89;L.11 supportideas. usinggrowingunderstandingof evidenceandreasoning,andaredelivered
12.13,6 register. usinganappropriatelevelofformalityand
12. W.1112.45;WHST.1112.45;SL.11 understandingofregister.
12.4,6;L.1112.1,3,56
Purposesforusinglanguageinclude: 10.Writing 10.Writing 10.Writing
Describing,entertaining,informing, a)Writeshortliteraryand a)Writelongerliteraryand a)Writelongerandmoredetailedliterary
C.Productive(page1of2)

interpreting,analyzing,recounting,explaining, informationaltexts(e.g.,an informationaltexts(e.g.,anargument andinformationaltexts(e.g.,anargument

persuading,negotiating,justifying,evaluating, argumentaboutfreespeech) aboutfreespeech)collaboratively aboutfreespeech)collaboratively(e.g.,
etc. collaboratively(e.g.,withpeers) (e.g.,withpeers)andindependently withpeers)andindependentlyusing
andindependently. usingappropriatetextorganization appropriatetextorganizationandregister.
Texttypesinclude: andgrowingunderstandingofregister.
Informationaltexttypesinclude:
descriptionsoraccounts(e.g.,scientific, b)Writebriefsummariesoftexts b)Writeincreasinglyconcise b)Writeclearandcoherentsummariesof
historical,economic,technical),recounts(e.g., andexperiencesusingcomplete summariesoftextsandexperiences textsandexperiencesusingcompleteand
biography,memoir),informationreports, sentencesandkeywords(e.g., usingcompletesentencesandkey concisesentencesandkeywords(e.g.,
explanations(e.g.,causal,factorial), fromnotesorgraphicorganizers). words(e.g.,fromnotesorgraphic fromnotesorgraphicorganizers).
expositions(e.g.,speeches,opinionpieces, organizers).
argument,debate),responses(e.g.,literary
analysis),etc.

Literarytexttypesinclude:
stories(e.g.,historicalfiction,myths,graphic
novels),poetry,drama,etc.

Audiencesinclude:
Peers(onetoone)
Smallgroup(onetogroup)
Wholegroup(onetomany)

CaliforniaEnglishLanguageDevelopmentStandardforGrades1112October3,2012 8
 CaliforniaDepartmentofEducation
EnglishLanguageDevelopmentStandardsforGrades1112

Section2:ElaborationonCriticalPrinciplesforDevelopingLanguage&CognitioninAcademicContexts
PartI:InteractinginMeaningfulWays
TextsandDiscourseinContext EnglishLanguageDevelopmentLevelContinuum
PartI,strands912CorrespondingCommon Emerging Expanding Bridging
CoreStateStandardsforEnglishLanguage 11.Justifying/arguing 11.Justifying/arguing 11.Justifying/arguing
Arts: a)Justifyopinionsbyarticulating a)Justifyopinionsandpositionsor a)Justifyopinionsorpersuadeothersby
9. SL.1112.46;L.1112.1,3 sometextualevidenceor persuadeothersbymaking makingconnectionsanddistinctions
10. W.1112.110;WHST.1112.12,410; backgroundknowledgewithvisual connectionsbetweenideasand betweenideasandtextsandarticulating
L.1112.16 support. articulatingrelevanttextualevidence sufficient,detailedandrelevanttextual
11. W.1112.1,89;WHST.1112.1,89; orbackgroundknowledge. evidenceorbackgroundknowledge,using
L.1112.13,6 appropriateregister.
12. W.1112.45;WHST.1112.45;
SL.1112.4,6;L.1112.1,3,56 b)Expressattitudeandopinionsor b)Expressattitudeandopinionsor b)Expressattitudeandopinionsor
Purposesforusinglanguageinclude: temperstatementswithfamiliar temperstatementswithavarietyof temperstatementswithnuancedmodal
Describing,entertaining,informing, modalexpressions(e.g.,can,may). familiarmodalexpressions(e.g., expressions(e.g.,possibly/potentially/
C.Productive(page2of2)

interpreting,analyzing,recounting,explaining, possibly/likely,could/would). certainly/absolutely,should/might).

persuading,negotiating,justifying,evaluating,
etc. 12.Selectinglanguageresources 12.Selectinglanguageresources 12.Selectinglanguageresources
a)Usefamiliargeneralacademic a)Useanincreasingvarietyofgrade a)Useavarietyofgradeappropriate
Texttypesinclude: (e.g.,temperature,document)and appropriategeneralacademic(e.g., general(e.g.,alleviate,salutary)and
Informationaltexttypesinclude: domainspecific(e.g.,cell,the fallacy,dissuade)anddomainspecific domainspecific(e.g.,soliloquy,
descriptionsoraccounts(e.g.,scientific, Depression)wordstocreateclear (e.g.,chromosome,federalism) microorganism)academicwordsand
historical,economic,technical),recounts(e.g., spokenandwrittentexts. academicwordsaccuratelyand phrases,includingpersuasivelanguage,
biography,memoir),informationreports, appropriatelywhenproducing accuratelyandappropriatelywhen
explanations(e.g.,causal,factorial), increasinglycomplexwrittenand producingcomplexwrittenandspoken
expositions(e.g.,speeches,opinionpieces, spokentexts. texts.
argument,debate),responses(e.g.,literary
analysis),etc. b)Useknowledgeofmorphologyto b)Useknowledgeofmorphologyto b)Useknowledgeofmorphologyto
appropriatelyselectbasicaffixes appropriatelyselectaffixesina appropriatelyselectaffixesinavarietyof
Literarytexttypesinclude: (e.g.,Thenewsmediarelieson growingnumberofwaysto waystomanipulatelanguage(e.g.,
stories(e.g.,historicalfiction,myths,graphic officialsources.). manipulatelanguage(e.g.,Thecardiac changinginauguratetoinauguration).
novels),poetry,drama,etc. muscleworkscontinuously.).

Audiencesinclude:
Peers(onetoone)
Smallgroup(onetogroup)
Wholegroup(onetomany)

CaliforniaEnglishLanguageDevelopmentStandardforGrades1112October3,2012 9
 CaliforniaDepartmentofEducation
EnglishLanguageDevelopmentStandardsforGrades1112

Section2:ElaborationonCriticalPrinciplesforDevelopingLanguage&CognitioninAcademicContexts
PartII:LearningAboutHowEnglishWorks
TextsandDiscourseinContext EnglishLanguageDevelopmentLevelContinuum
PartII,strands12Corresponding Emerging Expanding Bridging
CommonCoreStateStandardsforEnglish 1.Understandingtextstructure 1.Understandingtextstructure 1.Understandingtextstructure
LanguageArts: Applyanalysisoftheorganizational Applyanalysisoftheorganizational Applyanalysisoftheorganizational
1. RL.1112.5;RI.1112.5;RH.1112.5; structureofdifferenttexttypes(e.g., structureofdifferenttexttypes(e.g., structureofdifferenttexttypes(e.g.,
RST.1112.5;W.1112.15,10; howargumentsareorganizedby howargumentsareorganizedby howargumentsareorganizedby
WHST.1112.12,45,10;SL.1112.4 establishingclearrelationships establishingclearrelationshipsamong establishingclearrelationshipsamong
2. RI.1112.5;RH.1112.5;RST.1112.5; amongclaims,counterclaims, claims,counterclaims,reasons,and claims,counterclaims,reasons,and
W.1112.15,10; reasons,andevidence)to evidence)tocomprehendingtextsand evidence)tocomprehendingtextsand
WHST.1112.12,45,10;L.1112.1,36 comprehendingtextsandtowriting towritingincreasinglyclearand towritingclearandcohesive
briefarguments,informative/ cohesivearguments,informative/ arguments,informative/explanatory
Purposesforusinglanguageinclude:
explanatorytexts,andnarratives. explanatorytexts,andnarratives. texts,andnarratives.
Describing,entertaining,informing,

A.StructuringCohesiveTexts

interpreting,analyzing,recounting,
2.Understandingcohesion 2.Understandingcohesion 2.Understandingcohesion
explaining,persuading,negotiating,
a)Applyknowledgeoffamiliar a)Applyknowledgeofagrowing a)Applyknowledgeofavarietyof
justifying,evaluating,etc.
languageresourcesforreferringto numberoflanguageresourcesfor resourcesforreferringtomaketexts

maketextsmorecohesive(e.g.,using referringtomaketextsmorecohesive morecohesive(e.g.,using
Texttypesinclude:
pronounsorsynonymstoreferback (e.g.,usingnominalizationstoreferback nominalization,paraphrases,or
Informationaltexttypesinclude:
tocharactersorconceptsintroduced toanactionoractivitydescribedearlier) summariestoreferenceorrecapanidea
descriptionsoraccounts(e.g.,scientific,
earlier)tocomprehendingand tocomprehendingtextsandtowriting orexplanationprovidedearlier)to
historical,economic,technical),recounts
writingbrieftexts. increasinglycohesivetextsforspecific comprehendinggradeleveltextsandto
(e.g.,biography,memoir),information
purposesandaudiences. writingclearandcohesivetextsfor
reports,explanations(e.g.,causal,
specificpurposesandaudiences.
factorial),expositions(e.g.,speeches,

opinionpieces,argument,debate),
b)Applyknowledgeoffamiliar b)Applyknowledgeoffamiliarlanguage b)Applyknowledgeoffamiliarlanguage
responses(e.g.,literaryanalysis),etc.
languageresourcesforlinkingideas, resourcesforlinkingideas,events,or resourcesforlinkingideas,events,or

events,orreasonsthroughoutatext reasonsthroughoutatext(e.g.,using reasonsthroughoutatext(e.g.,using

Literarytexttypesinclude:
(e.g.,usingconnecting/transition connecting/transitionwordsand connecting/transitionwordsand
stories(e.g.,historicalfiction,myths,
wordsandphrases,suchasfirst, phrases,suchasmeanwhile,however, phrases,suchasonthecontrary,in
graphicnovels),poetry,drama,etc.
second,finally)tocomprehending ontheotherhand)tocomprehending addition,moreover)tocomprehending

andwritingbrieftexts. textsandtowritingincreasingly gradeleveltextsandwritingcohesive
Audiencesinclude:
cohesivetextsforspecificpurposesand textsforspecificpurposesand
Peers(onetoone)
audiences. audiences.
Smallgroup(onetogroup)

Wholegroup(onetomany)

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 CaliforniaDepartmentofEducation
EnglishLanguageDevelopmentStandardsforGrades1112

Section2:ElaborationonCriticalPrinciplesforDevelopingLanguage&CognitioninAcademicContexts
PartII:LearningAboutHowEnglishWorks
TextsandDiscourseinContext EnglishLanguageDevelopmentLevelContinuum
PartII,strands35Corresponding Emerging Expanding Bridging
CommonCoreStateStandardsforEnglish
LanguageArts: 3.Usingverbsandverbphrases 3.Usingverbsandverbphrases 3.Usingverbsandverbphrases
Useavarietyofverbsindifferent Useavarietyofverbsindifferenttenses Useavarietyofverbsindifferenttenses
3. W.1112.5;WHST.1112.5;SL.1112.6; tenses(e.g.,past,present,future)and (e.g.,past,present,future)andaspects (e.g.,past,present,future),aspects
L.1112.1,36 aspects(e.g.,simple,progressive) (e.g.,simple,progressive,perfect) (e.g.,simple,progressive,perfect),and
4. W.1112.5;WHST.1112.5;SL.1112.6; appropriateforthetexttypeand appropriateforthetexttypeand mood(e.g.,subjunctive)appropriatefor
L.1112.1,36 disciplinetocreateshorttextson disciplinetocreateavarietyoftexts thetexttypeanddisciplinetocreatea
5. W.1112.45;WHST.1112.45; familiaracademictopics. thatexplain,describe,andsummarize varietyoftextsthatdescribeconcrete
SL.1112.6;L.1112.1,36 concreteandabstractthoughtsand andabstractideas,explainprocedures
ideas. andsequences,summarizetextsand
Purposesforusinglanguageinclude:
ideas,andpresentandcritiquepointsof
B.Expanding&EnrichingIdeas

Describing,entertaining,informing,
view.
interpreting,analyzing,recounting,

explaining,persuading,negotiating,
4.Usingnounsandnounphrases 4.Usingnounsandnounphrases 4.Usingnounsandnounphrases
justifying,evaluating,etc.
Expandnounphrasestocreate Expandnounphrasesinagrowing Expandnounphrasesinavarietyof

increasinglydetailedsentences(e.g., numberofways(e.g.,addingadjectives ways(e.g.,complexclauseembedding)
Texttypesinclude:
addingadjectivesforprecision)about tonouns,simpleclauseembedding)to tocreatedetailedsentencesthat
Informationaltexttypesinclude:
personalandfamiliaracademictopics. createdetailedsentencesthat accuratelydescribeconcreteand
descriptionsoraccounts(e.g.,scientific,
accuratelydescribe,explain,and abstractideas,explainproceduresand
historical,economic,technical),recounts
summarizeinformationandideasona sequences,summarizetextsandideas,
(e.g.,biography,memoir),information
varietyofpersonalandacademictopics. andpresentandcritiquepointsofview
reports,explanations(e.g.,causal,
onavarietyofacademictopics.
factorial),expositions(e.g.,speeches,

opinionpieces,argument,debate),
5.Modifyingtoadddetails 5.Modifyingtoadddetails 5.Modifyingtoadddetails
responses(e.g.,literaryanalysis),etc.
Expandsentenceswithsimple Expandsentenceswithagrowing Expandsentenceswithavarietyof

adverbials(e.g.,adverbs,adverb varietyofadverbials(e.g.,adverbs, adverbials(e.g.,adverbs,adverb

Literarytexttypesinclude:
phrases,prepositionalphrases)to adverbphrases,prepositionalphrases) phrasesandclauses,prepositional
stories(e.g.,historicalfiction,myths,
providedetails(e.g.,time,manner, toprovidedetails(e.g.,time,manner, phrases)toprovidedetails(e.g.,time,
graphicnovels),poetry,drama,etc.
place,cause)aboutfamiliaractivities place,cause)aboutfamiliarornew manner,place,cause)aboutavarietyof

orprocesses. activitiesorprocesses. familiarandnewactivitiesand
Audiencesinclude:
processes.
Peers(onetoone)
Smallgroup(onetogroup)
Wholegroup(onetomany)

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 CaliforniaDepartmentofEducation
EnglishLanguageDevelopmentStandardsforGrades1112

Section2:ElaborationonCriticalPrinciplesforDevelopingLanguage&CognitioninAcademicContexts
PartII:LearningAboutHowEnglishWorks
TextsandDiscourseinContext EnglishLanguageDevelopmentLevelContinuum
PartII,strands67Corresponding Emerging Expanding Bridging
CommonCoreStateStandardsforEnglish 6.Connectingideas 6.Connectingideas 6.Connectingideas
LanguageArts: Combineclausesinafewbasicways Combineclausesinagrowingnumberof Combineclausesinavarietyofwaysto
6. W.1112.15;WHST.1112.12,45; (e.g.,creatingcompoundsentences waystocreatecompoundandcomplex createcompoundandcomplex
SL.1112.4,6;L.1112.1,36 usingand,but,so;creatingcomplex sentencesthatmakeconnections sentencesthatmakeconnections
7. W.1112.15;WHST.1112.12,45; sentencesusingbecause)tomake betweenandlinkconcreteandabstract betweenandlinkconcreteandabstract
SL.1112.4,6;L.1112.1,36 connectionsbetweenandjoinideas ideas,forexample,toexpressareason ideas,forexample,tomakea
(e.g.,Iwanttoreadthisbookbecause (e.g.,HestayedathomeonSundayin concession(e.g.,Whilebothcharacters
Purposesforusinglanguageinclude:
ittellsthehistoryofPi.). ordertostudyforMondaysexam.)orto striveforsuccess,theyeachtake
Describing,entertaining,informing,
C.Connecting&CondensingIdeas
makeaconcession(e.g.,Shestudiedall differentapproachesthroughwhichto
interpreting,analyzing,recounting,
nighteventhoughshewasntfeeling reachtheirgoals.),ortoestablishcause
explaining,persuading,negotiating,
well.). (e.g.,Womensliveswerechanged
justifying,evaluating,etc.
foreverafterWorldWarIIasaresultof

joiningtheworkforce.).
Texttypesinclude:

Informationaltexttypesinclude:
7.Condensingideas 7.Condensingideas 7.Condensingideas
descriptionsoraccounts(e.g.,scientific,
Condenseideasinafewbasicways Condenseideasinagrowingnumberof Condenseideasinavarietyofways
historical,economic,technical),recounts
(e.g.,bycompoundingverbor ways(e.g.,throughembeddedclauses (e.g.,throughavarietyofembedded
(e.g.,biography,memoir),information
prepositionalphrases)tocreate orbycompoundingverbor clauses,orbycompoundingverbor
reports,explanations(e.g.,causal,
preciseanddetailedsimple, prepositionalphrases)tocreatemore prepositionalphrases,nominalization)
factorial),expositions(e.g.,speeches,
compound,andcomplexsentences preciseanddetailedsimple,compound, tocreateprecisesimple,compound,
opinionpieces,argument,debate),
(e.g.,Thestudentsaskedsurvey andcomplexsentences(e.g.,Species andcomplexsentencesthatcondense
responses(e.g.,literaryanalysis),etc.
questionsandrecordedthe thatcouldnotadapttothechanging concreteandabstractideas(e.g.,The

responses.). climateeventuallydisappeared.). epidemic,whichultimatelyaffected

Literarytexttypesinclude:
hundredsofthousandsofpeople,did
stories(e.g.,historicalfiction,myths,
notsubsideforanotheryear.).
graphicnovels),poetry,drama,etc.

Audiencesinclude:
Peers(onetoone)
Smallgroup(onetogroup)
Wholegroup(onetomany)

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 CaliforniaDepartmentofEducation
EnglishLanguageDevelopmentStandardsforGrades1112

Section2:ElaborationonCriticalPrinciplesforAcademicLanguageDevelopmentandCognition
FoundationalLiteracySkills:
LiteracyinanAlphabetic
WritingSystem
Printconcepts
Phonologicalawareness
Phonics&wordrecognition
Fluency
PartIII:UsingFoundationalLiteracySkills
SeeAppendixAforinformationonteachingreadingfoundationalskillstoEnglishlearnersofvariousprofilesbasedonage,nativelanguage,
nativelanguagewritingsystem,schoolingexperience,andliteracyexperienceandproficiency.Someconsiderationsare:
Nativelanguageandliteracy(e.g.,phonemeawarenessorprintconceptskillsinnativelanguage)shouldbeassessedforpotential
transferencetoEnglishlanguageandliteracy.
SimilaritiesbetweennativelanguageandEnglishshouldbehighlighted(e.g.,phonemesorlettersthatarethesameinbothlanguages).
DifferencesbetweennativelanguageandEnglishshouldbehighlighted(e.g.,somephonemesinEnglishmaynotexistinthestudents
nativelanguage;nativelanguagesyntaxmaybedifferentfromEnglishsyntax).

CaliforniaEnglishLanguageDevelopmentStandardforGrades1112October3,2012 13