12/12/16

Review: Newtons First Law Review: Newtons First Law

If you dont mess with an object, it will keep moving with If you dont mess with an object, it will keep moving with
constant velocity. constant velocity.

So if you mess with the object, what must So if you mess with the object, what must
happen? happen?

A) Object must accelerate. A) Object must accelerate.

B) The direction of travel of the object must change.
C) The speed of the object must change.
D) None of the above.

Newtons Second Law Newtons Second Law

If you mess with an object, it will accelerate! If you mess with an object, it will accelerate!

To sound scientific, we call messing with an object To sound scientific, we call messing with an object
applying a force. applying a force.

So how would we go about measuring force? So how would we go about measuring force?

e.g. given two forces F1 and F2, how could we e.g. given two forces F1 and F2, how could we
decide which is stronger? decide which is stronger?

A bigger force should produce a bigger acceleration!

Newtons Second Law The Meaning of Mass

F = ma Rewrite Newtons 2nd law:

a = F/m
If m is very big, then the acceleration is very small!

Mass measures how hard it is to mess with an object.

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Problem Problem
You drop a ball from the top of a building. You drop a ball from the top of a building.
While the ball is in flight, is there a net force acting While the ball is in flight, is there a net force acting
on the ball? on the ball?

A) Yes. A) Yes. :: How do you know?

B) No. B) No.
C) Only at time when it hits the ground. C) Only at time when it hits the ground.
D) Not sure. D) Not sure.

Problem Problem
A ball rests on top of a table. Is there a net force A ball rests on top of a table. Is there a net force
acting on the ball? acting on the ball?

A) Yes. A) Yes.
B) No. B) No.
C) Yes and no. C) Yes and no.
D) Not sure. D) Not sure.

Ms. Rozos Law of Touching Balanced Forces

If two things touch, they will exert forces on each other!

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Unbalanced Forces Measuring Force

If F=ma, what units is force measured in?

Mass is measured in kg.

Acceleration is measured in m/s2.

So, Force is measured in (kg)(m/s2).

This is clunky, though, so we call this unit a Newton (N).

Problem Problem
A bowling ball has a mass of 7.3 kg. A bowler throws it A 240-kg all-terrain vehicle has an acceleration of 4
down the lane with an acceleration of 3.7 m/s2. What is m/s2. The mass of the driver is 75-kg. What is the
the unbalanced force acting on the bowling ball? force acting on the ATV and the driver?

Problem
A bullet with a mass of 0.12kg is fired into a fixed
target with a velocity of 20m/s. The bullet is brought
to rest in 0.1 seconds. What is the force of the bullet?

Hints:
What is the velocity of the bullet at rest?
What is the relationship between velocity and acceleration?