A New Species of Ceratozamia (Zamiaceae, Cycadales) from Chiapas, Mexico

Author(s): Miguel A. Perez-Farrera, Andrew P. Vovides, Carlos Iglesias

Source: Novon, Vol. 9, No. 3 (Autumn, 1999), pp. 410-413
Published by: Missouri Botanical Garden Press
Stable URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/3391741 .
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 A NewSpeciesof Ceratozamia (Zamiaceae,
Cyeadales)from
Chiapas,Mexico
MiguelA. Perez-Farrera
Escuela de Biologia,Universidadde Cienciasy Artesdel Estadode Chiapas,
CalzadaSamuelLeon BrindisS/N, C.P.29,000, TuxtlaGutierrez,Chiapas,Mexico

AndrewR Vovides
Institutode Ecologfa,A.C., ApartadoPostal63, 91000, Xalapa,Veracruz,Mexico

CarlosIglesias
Institutode Ecologia,A.C., ApartadoPostal63, 91000, Xalapa,Veracruz,Mexico

ABSTRACT.A new species of cyead, Ceratozamia Ceratozamia alvarezii Perez-Farrera,

Vovides&
alvarezii(Zamiaceae)from Chiapas,is described Iglesias,sp. nov.TYPE:Mexico.Chiapas:Si-
and illustrated.This species has affinitieswith C. erra Madreof Chiapas,4 Mar.1996, M. A.
matudaifromChiapasand C. sabatoifromQuere- Perez-Farrera889 d (holotype,CHIP, iso-
taroand Hidalgo.It differsfromthese specieswith types, F, MEXU,MO).Figure1.
regardto trunk,leaf habit, and male and female
Plantatruncosubglobosoad cylindricum semihypogaeo
cones. It differsfromC. norstogii,also fromChia- ad hypogaeum,ramoso,1s50 cm alto;cataphyllislanatis
pas, in thatthe latteris a muchlargerunbranched triangularibus, stipulatis.Foliapinnata;petiolo14 42 cm
plantwith a spirallytwistingleaf rachis. longo;rhachidi25 66 cm longa;foliolisoppositisad sub-
opposita,2462jugis, lineari-lanceolatis.
Strobilusmas-
RESUMEN.Se describee ilustrauna nuevaespe- culinus lineari-cylindricus
11-31 cm longus pedunculo
cie, Ceratozamiaalvarezii(Zamiaceae).Esta espe- tomentoso>5 cm longo insidens;strobilusfeminineus
cie presentaafinidadcon C. matudaiy C. sabatoi 14.S19 cm longuspedunculotomentoso4.54.5 cm lon-
go insidens;seminibus1.7-2.5 cm longis.
de Queretaroe Hidalgo.Esta especie difierede las
anteriorespor la hoja, habito de los estrobilosy Trunksubglobose,10-50 cm long,partiallysub-
morfologfadel tronco.Tambiendifierede C. nors- terranean,becomingcylindricalwith age, branch-
togii dadoque la ultimaes una plantamas grande, ing freely,8.9-17.5 cm diam.andprotectedby per-
no ramificaday la raquistorcidaespiralmente. sistentpetiolebases.Cataphyllsstipulate,lanulose,
2.1-5 cm long, 1.5-3 cm wide, brown.Leaves4-
Duringthe course of botanicalexplorationsin 18, pinnate, spirally arrangedformingan open
one of the naturalareasof Chiapasthathas recently crown,5v109 cm long, 31.541 cm wide. Petiole
been decreedas a BiosphereReserve,we collected 14 42 cm long, rachis 2546 cm long, both as-
a species of Ceratozamia with a unique combina- cending,tomentose,especiallyat the base, armed
tion of trunk,leaf, and cone characters. with shortstoutprickles2-5 mm,which decrease
We believe that the new species is close to Ce- towardthe apical part of the rachis, occasionally
ratozamiamatudaiLundell.Specimensof the new mildly twisted. Leaflets24 62, linear-lanceolate,
plant and C. matudaiwere cultivatedunder the oppositeto subopposite,flat, coriaceous,margins
same conditionsfor comparisonpurposesfor a pe- entire, pubescentwhen immature,glabrouswith
riod of two years, in which time new leaf flushes age, adaxial surface dark green, abaxial surface
and cones occurred.The plants undercultivation light green, 1S32.5 cm long, W9 mm wide, ve-
continuedto present the same characteristicsas nation visible on the abaxial surface,numberof
those of the naturalhabitat.The cones of Cerato- veins 5-9, distancebetweenveins 0.05-1 mm.Mi-
zamia alvareziidifferedfromthose of C. matudai crostrobiluscylindricalto conical,lightgreento ol-
as well as those of C. norstogiiStevenson,which ive green upon emergence,light yellowto creamy
also is fromChiapas;C. norstogiialso differsin its yellow when mature,11-31 cm long, 2.54.5 cm
much largerhabit, and in having an erect non- diam.,peduncletomentose,W5 cm long, 1-1.8 cm
branchingtrunkand leaves with a spirallytwisted diam.Microsporophylls numerous,insertedspirally
rachis. with vertical rows, cuneiform,1.S1.7 cm long,
NOVON 9: 410413. 1999.
 to
......................
9 .....................
.....................
C. alvarezii
C.sabatoi

Volume9, Number3 Perez-Farreraet al. 411

1 999 Ceratozamia alvarezii fromChiapas

0.S0.9 cm wide, bicornatein the distalpart,with of the femalecone of C. a1zuarezii is thickanderect,

the fertileportioncovering1/2 2/3 of the abaxialsur- while that of C. matudaiis long, thin, and decum-
face excludingthe horns.Microsporangia numerous bent. Ceratozamia sabatoiVovides,VazquezTorres,
in sori of 3X, longitudinallydehiscent.Megastro- Schutzman& Iglesias(Vovideset al., 1993) differs
bilus cylindricalto barrel-shaped, olive greenupon from C. alvareziiby havingwider,longerleaflets
emergence,brownochrewhenmature,14.919 cm and blue-greento blue-brownmegastrobili.Cera-
long,5.7-1().5 cm diam.7peduncletomentose,4.S tozGgmzanorstogiiis a much largerplant with an
6.5 cm long, 1.8-2.2 cm diam. Megasporophylls unbranchingtrunkand a spirallytwistedleaf ra-
numerous,peltate, inserted spirally on the cone chis. The consistentdifferencesin cone and vege-
axis formingapparentvertical rows, 2.84.5 cm tativehabitled us to considerC. alvareziias a sep-
long, 1.5-2.9 cm wide, distal end hexagonal,bi- aratespecies. The chromosomecountfor the new
cornate,with brownochretomentumon the lobu- species (2n = 16) appearsconsistentwithmembers
late partaroundthe horns.Seed ovate,sarcotesta of this genus investigatedso far. We considerC.
whitewhenimmatureand creamyyellowwhenma- alvareziito be endangered,since the oakforestsin
ture,sclerotestasmoothandbeige in color,1.7-2.5 which it occursare being transformed for agricul-
cm long, 1.7-2.0 cm diam.with 7-9 radialridges. turalexpansion.
Chromosome number2n = 16. The followingkey separatesCeratozamiaalva-
reziifromC. matudai,C. sabatoi,and C. norstogii.
Paratype. MEXICO. Chiapas:SierraMadrede Chia-
pas, 2 Oct. 1996, Perez-Farrera
126f) 9 (XAL).
Otherspecimens examined. MEXICO. Chiapas:Sierra DIAGNOSTICKEY
Madrede Chiapas,Perez-Farrera 64, 67 (CHIP),Castillo-
Hernandez624, 44y5(CHIP),Breedlove70956, 60309 la. Leafrachisspirallytwisted...............................
C. norstogii
(CAS). lb. Rachisnot twisted.
2a. Leafletarticulation
yellow ................................
C. nzatudai
Ceratozamia alvareziiprincipallyoccurs in oak 2b. Leafletarticulation
green.
forestas describedby Rzedowski(1978) at an al- 3a. Leafletlanceolate,narrowlyobovateto
titude of 950 m. This forest has an overstoryof subulate;leaflet veins 9 to 14 ....
QuercusmagnifoliaNee, QuercusellipticaNee, and 3b. Leafletlinearlanceolate;leafletveins 5
Pinus ooacarpaSchiede above a shrubbylayer
dominatedby Calliandrahoustoniana(Mill)Stand-
ley and Canavaliahirsuta (Martens& Galeotti) Due to the morphological characteristicsthatthe
Standley.The herbaceouslayer consistsmainlyof new species presents,coriaceouslinear-lanceolate
AnthuriumcerrobaulenseMatuda,Lisiacisprocerri- leafletswithlong-attenuatetips, we includeit with-
ma (Hackel) Hitchcock, Elaphoglossumsartorii in the secondgroupwithinCeratozamia described
(Liebmann) Mickel, Polypodium furfuraceum by Stevensonet al. (1986),whichincludesC. mexi-
Schlechtendal& Chamisso,and Polypodiumsan- cana Brongniart,C. zarogozaeMedellin,C. matu-
tae-rosae(Maxon)C. Christensen. dai, C. kuesterianaRegel, C. robustaMiquel,C.
sabatoi, and, in our opinion, C. whitelockiana
DISCUSSION Chemnick& Gregory.
The specificepithetwas chosento honorthe late Acknowledgments.The principalauthorwish-
MiguelAlvarezdel Toro,in recognitionof his tire- es especially to thank Angel Hernandezand his
less pioneeringeffortsin conservation,which led son JairoHernandezLeonwhohelped and guided
to the establishmentof the firstbiologicalreserves us in our travels in the mountainsof the Sierra
in the state of Chiapas. Madrede Chiapas.The authorsalso thankJesus
Specificlocality informationfor this species is de la Cruz Rodriguez,RigobertoHernandezJo-
being purposelyomittedto avoid potentialillegal napa, ArmandoDominguezCruz, M.V.Z.Carlos
collectionand the possible decimationof its pop- Tejeda Cruz, and Nevin Coutinofor assistance
ulations.We have only locatedtwo populationsof withfieldworkandOscarFarreraSarmientoforthe
this species in a single geographicalarea in the identificationof some of the herbs. Finally, the
SierraMadrede Chiapas.Even thoughleaf char- authorsexpress their gratitudefor the grantsup-
acteristicsoccasionallydisplaymorphological sim- port of CONABIOprojectNo. FB177A/C120/94,
ilaritiesbetweenCeratozamia matudaiand C. al- Fondo Mexicanopara la Conservacionde la Na-
varezii(bothhave flat linear and linear-lanceolate turalezaprojectNo. B2-134, Faunaand FloraIn-
leaflets),the two species differwith respectto the ternacionalprojectNo. 96164115, and MAB-Trop-
growthhabit and the female cones. The peduncle ical EcosystemDirectorate,all of which partially
412 Novon

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Volume 9, Number 3 Perez-Farreraet al. 413
1 999 Ceratozamia alvarezii fromChiapas

financedexplorationand monitoringstudiesof the LiteratureCited

cyeads of the SierraMadrede Chiapas.The sec-
ond authoracknowledgesCONACYTprojectNo.
1837P-N9507 for travel to Chiapasand partici-
pation in some of the explorations.The authors
also thank EdmundoSaavedrafor the excellent
botanicalillustrationsand the reviewersof Novon,
G. J. Breckon and D. W. Stevenson,for useful
commentsand suggestionsfor improvingthe man-
uscript.
Rzedowski,J. 1978. La vegetacionde Mexico.Limusa,
MexicoCity.
Stevenson,D. S. Sabato& M. VazquezTorres.1986. A
newspeciesof Ceratozam.ia (Zamiaceae) fromVeracruz,
Mexico withcommentson species relationships, habi-
tats, and vegetativemorphology in Ceratozamia. Brit-
tonia38: 17-26.
Vovides,A. P., M. VazquezTorres,B. Schutzman& C.
Iglesias. 1993. A new species of Ceratozamia (Zami-
aceae)fromQueretaroand Hidalgo,Mexico.Novon3:
502-506.

Figure1. Ceratozamia alvareziiPerez-Farrera,

Vovides& Iglesias.-a. Adultplant. b. Detailof petioles. c-e.
Leafdetails. f. Cataphyll. g. Microstrobilus. h. Detailof microsporophyll
andmicrosporangia.i. Megastrobilus.
j. Megasporophyll. k. Seed. 1. Seed withsclerotestaremoved.Basedon livingcollection(fromtypelocality)at
ClavijeroBotanicGarden,Xalapa,accessionnumber96-012.01. Femalecone!PerezFarrera1260 (XAL);malecone,
Perez-Farrera
s.n. (XAL).