Respiratory or cardiac arrest Alternate airway control
Unconsciousness or obtusion when conventional intubation without gag reflex techniques are unavailable or Risk of aspiration unsuccessful Obstruction due to foreign body, burns, trauma, etc. Surgical Airway Indications Respiratory extremis due to (needle cricothyrotomy with jet disease ventilation, Open Pneumothorax, hemothorax, or cricothyrotomy) hemopneumothorax with All other airway procedures respiratory difficulty have been exhausted and no other means will establish an Rapid Sequence Intubation Indication airway Impending respiratory failure due to intrinsic pulmonary disease Acute airway disorder, such as facial burns or laryngeal trauma Altered mental status with increased risk of vomiting and aspiration Status epilepticus Drug or alcohol intoxication
Digital Intubation Indications
Respiratory or cardiac arrest Unconsciousness or obtusion without gag reflex Unable to orotracheally intubate a cervical spine injured patient Copious secretions in the airway are unable to be removed and glottic visualization is impossible Awkward positioning of patient prevents traditional orotracheal intubation
Nasotracheal Intubation Indications
Possible spinal injury Clenched teeth Fractured jaw, oral injuries, or recent oral surgery Significant angioedema Obesity Arthritis