02 BOPE - Description & Selection

Quartz School for Well Site Supervisors
Module 5
Well Heads & BOPE
Section 2
BOPE Description
& Selection
1 / 81 Quartz School. Module 5: Well Heads & BOPE / Section 2: BOPE Description & Selection
Well Control Equipment for Surface Installations
Blow Out Prevention Equipment
For Shallow Gas Drilling
The Diverter System
Diverter System
Diverter with Annular Packing Element
Flow line to
Annular packing
Shakers
element
Head
Piston
Diverter
open port
Diverter Body
close port
Functions should be
interlocked
Open Vent Line & Close Diverter Vent line to
over board
Or
Open Diverter & Close Vent Line
Diverter with Insert Type Packer
Functions should be Drill pipe
interlocked Insert packer

lockdown dogs
Diverter close port
Diverter
lockdown dogs
Standard packer
Flow- Line Seal
Insert packer
Flow / Vent line
Support
housing
Flow- Line Seal
Minimum Diverter Requirements
CLOSING TIME SHOULD NOT EXCEED 30 SECONDS FOR
DIVERTERS SMALLERS THAN 20 AND 45 SECONDS FOR
DIVERTERS OF ABOVE 20 NOMINAL BORE
A DIVERTER HEAD THAT IS CAPABLE OF PACKING OFF AROUND
THE KELLY, DRILL PIPE OR CASIND WILL BE USED
AT LEAST TWO RELIEF LINES SHALL BE INSTALLED TO PERMIT
VENTING OF THE WELL-BORE RETURNS AT OPPOSITE ENDS OR
SIDES OF THE RIG.
ON LAND RIGS A SINGLE LINE IS ACCEPTABLE
THE DIVERTER RELIEF LINE(S) SHALL BE AT LEAST 8 INCH
DIAMETER.
Schlumberger Policies: I.19

THE DRILLER WILL CHECK ALL DIVERTER AND OVERBOARD VALVES FOR PROPER
SETTING AT THE BEGINNING OF EACH TOUR.
Remember !!!
A diverter is not a well control device :
-It just allows for the flow to be diverted in a safe manner
-To contain the hazard for as long as possible
-To leave enough time for proper and safe evacuation of
personnel and/or move off from the location.
The Closing Unit / Accumulators Unit
for Operation of BOP Equipment
Accumulator Unit 26 Panel / Unit
35 Air Regulator
17 Accumulator Selector KOOMEY Valve
Bottles
18 Accumulator
Safety Valve
27 Pneumatic
24 Manifold
Bank exclusion 31 Pneumatic
Annular Pressure
Valves 23 BySafety
Pass Valve Transmitter of
Regulator
1500 / 3000 30
AccumulatorAnnular
Pressure BOP 34 Air Filter
36-37-38
1 Air Inlet To Drillers Panel
Pneumatic
28 Accumulator
Pressure Gauge
Regulator for the
Pressure Gauge
33 Pneumatic Transmitters
2529 Manifold
Manifold (Annular - Accumulator - Manifold) 2 Air
4 Airof
Transmitter
Pressure Gauge Pumps
32 Pneumatic Discharge Valve Lubricator
16 Accumulator
19 Fluid Filter Pressure Switch
21 RamsofManifold Annular Pressure
Transmitter
Exclusion Valve
20 Pressure Manifold Pressure
Regulator 22 Ways Valves
3000 > 1500
(Manually regulated) Fluid Tank 3 By Pass
Valve
12 Electrical
11 Electrical Pumps 6 Air Pump
Pumps
Pressure SwitchStarter
13 Suction 14 Suction 109Electrical
Check Valve8 Suction
11 / 81 Quartz School. Module 5: Well Heads & BOPE /15
Section 2: BOPE Description & Selection
Closing valve StrainerCheck Valves Pump Strainer
Accumulator Unit
Accumulator Unit
Manifold Regulator
4 Ways Valves
Principle
Note : It must not stay in neutral position.
Accumulator Unit
3000
1500
1500
Remote control panel
Accumulator Systems
THE ACCUMULATOR BOTTLES ARE CONTAINERS THAT STORE

HYDRAULIC FLUID UNDER PRESSURE TO:
- DECREASE BOP FONCTIONS RESPONSE TIME.

- BE ABBLE TO SHUT IN THE WELL, IN CASE OF POWER FAILURE.
- VOLUME OF ACCUMULATOR BOTTLE: 10 gal
- WORKING PRESURE: 3000 psi
- NITROGEN GAS IS USED TO PRE-CHARGE ACCUMULATOR BOTTLES.
- MINIMUM PRECHARGE PRESSURE: 1000 psi
- MINIMUM OPERATING PRESSURE: 200 psi ABOVE PRE-CHARGE
API RP 53 - Accumulator
Usable Hydraulic fluid is:

The fluid recoverable from the accumulator system between the
maximum accumulator pressure and 200 psi above pre-charge
pressure.
IPM & API RP 53Accumulator Capacity
The BOP control system should have sufficient usable hydraulic fluid
volume, with pumps inoperative, to:
- Close one annular
- Close all rams
- Open one HCR
The remaining pressure will be 200 psi or more above the minimum
pre-charge pressure.
Accumulator volumetric requirement(API 16E):
Pumps inoperative, the minimum stored volume has to satisfy the greater of
the 2 following requirements:
1- close all the BOPs in the BOP stack, plus 50% reserve, at 0 well bore
pressure.
2-After closing all the BOPs, the pressure of the remaining stored
accumulator fluid should exceed the minimum calculated operated
pressure required to close any ram BOP(excluding the shear rams) at the
maximum rated wellbore pressure of the stack.
Accumulator Capacity
New Schlumberger
Standard
The accumulator system shall be designed such that the loss of an individual
accumulator and/or bank will not result in more than 25% loss of the total accumulator
system capacity. The BOP accumulators shall have a minimum usable power fluid
volume, with pumps inoperative, to satisfy the two following requirements:
A FVR (Functional Volume Requirement) of one hundred percent (100%) of the BOP
manufacturers specified volume to close from a full open position at zero (0) wellbore
pressure, one annular BOP and all of the ram BOPs in the BOP stack and to open the
valve(s) of one side outlet on the BOP stack. If more than one annular BOP is present,
the larger closing volume requirement shall be used for sizing purposes.
API RP 53 Reservoir Capacity
Each closing unit should have a fluid reservoir with a
capacity equal to at least twice the usable fluid
capacity of the accumulator system
Accumulator Capacity
API & NEW SLB RULES requests
Surface BOP
EXAMPLE : for a BOP stack : 1 Annular + 3 Rams + HCR Valve
Closing Volume (CV): 20 + (3 x 10) = 50 Gal

Open Choke Line Valve (OV): 1 = 1 Gal
Usable Volume (UV): = 51 Gal
Nominal Volume (NV): 2 x UV = 102 Gal
11 accumulator bottles
API RP 53 - Minimum Calculated Operating Pressure:
Is the minimum pressure to effectively close and seal a ram BOP

against a well bore pressure equal to the maximum rated working
pressure of the BOP.
This pressure is equal to the maximum working pressure of the BOP
divided by the closing ratio specified for that BOP.
Pumps Systems
Pump Capacity Requirements
API 53 - 5.A.10
With the accumulator isolated from service:
The pump system should be capable of closing the annular on the minimum size drill pipe being
used, open the remote operated choke valve and provide the operating pressure level
recommended by the annular BOP manufacturer to effect a seal on the annulus within 2 minutes.
Pump Response Time:
Time to shut in the well with each pumping system (accumulators being
isolated from service)
API RP 53
Each group has to allow to shut the well in with the fast procedure in less than 2
minutes and have 1200 psi in the lines.
API RP 16 E
Each group has to allow to close each annular BOP on the minimum size of DP being
used, open the HCR, and provide the minimum recommended pressure in order to
effect a seal on the annular space within 2 minutes.
API RP 53 Pumps Systems
Each surface BOP control system should have a minimum of

2 pump system having independent power sources, such as
electric or air.
Each pump should provide a discharge pressure at least
equivalent to the BOP control system pressure.
Air pumps should be capable of charging the accumulators to
the system working pressure with 75 psi.
Each pump should be protected from over pressurization by a
minimum of 2 devices.
One device (pressure limit switch) should limit the discharge pressure so that it
will not exceed the working pressure of the BOP control system.
The second device (relief valve) should be size to relieve at a flow rate at least
equal to the design flow rate of the pump and should be set to relieve at not more
than 10 % over the control unit pressure.
Electric, and or, air supply should be

available at all times such that the pumps
will automatically start when the system
pressure has decreased to approximately
90 % of the system working pressure and
automatically stop within +0 to - 100 psi of
the control system working pressure.
API RP 53 BOP Response Time
Response time between activation and complete operation of a function is based on BOP
closure and seal off and defined by API RP 16 E
- Ram BOP : time < 30 s,
- Annular BOP 18 3/4 : time < 45 s.
SURFACE
18 3/4
3/4 18 3/4
3/4
30 sec. 45 sec.
30 sec.
Remote valves should not exceed the minimum observed for ram BOP
API RP 53 Initial Pressure Test
The initial pressure test on components that

could be exposed to well pressure should be to
the rated working pressure of the ram BOP or to
the rated working pressure of the well head (
whichever is lower).
Annular may be tested to a minimum of 70% of the

annular preventer working pressure.
Initial pressure test = first test on a new well.

API RP 53 Initial Pressure Test
Packing Unit
Pressure Test Schlumberger
Low Pressure Test

200 300 psi for 5 minutes prior to each high pressure test.
High Pressure Test

. Rams-type BOPs and related control equipment including the
choke manifold shall be tested at the anticipated surface pressure.
. Annular will be tested to 50 % of the rated working pressure of the
components.
. All high pressure tests will be conducted for 10 minutes*.
* Stabilized pressure.
Shell Test (Manufacturer test)
The body of new BOPs are subjected to a hydrostatic

proof testing or shell test prior shipment:
Rated Working Pressure API Size Designation 13 5/8 API Size Designation 16 3/4
(psi) and Smaller and Larger
2,000 4,000 3,000
3,000 6,000 4,500
5,000 10,000 10,000
10,000 15,000 15,000
15,000 22,500 22,500
20,000 30,000 ---
The hydraulic operating chamber shall be tested at a minimum test pressure equal to 1.5
times the operating chambers rated working pressure.
Cup Tester & Plug Tester
Choke / Kill Manifold
Choke Manifold
At least three flow paths must be provided that are capable of
flowing well returns through conduits that are 76.14 mm (3)
nominal diameter or larger.
At least one flow path:

Shall be equipped with a remotely controlled, pressure operated adjustable
choke. Simplified choke manifolds without remote control choke may be
acceptable on light rigs with 2 3K psi stacks
Shall be equipped with a manually operated adjustable choke
Must permit returns to flow directly to the pit, discharge manifold or other
downstream piping without passing through a choke.
Two gate valves with full rated working pressure must be provided in this
un-choked path
CHOKE MANIFOLD
API RP 53 Choke Manifolds & Kill Lines
Manifold equipment subject to well pressure (up-

stream including the choke) should have a
minimum working pressure at least equal to the
rated working pressure of the ram BOP in use.
All choke manifold valves should be full bore.
Function Tests: at least once a week.
MANUAL CHOKE Positive Chokes
Ajustable Chokes
CAMERON CHOKE
SWACO CHOKE
PARTICULARITY : It can be closed with an manual hydraulic pump or by

hand in case of power failure.
Flanged Connections & Ring Gaskets
Ring Gaskets
Type R
X
X type are pressure
energized meaning
Type RX that well pressure
helps to effect the
seal
Type BX
Ring Grooves
The most common ring grooves are:

API 6B - 2,000 / 5,000 psi
API 6BX - 2,000 / 20,000 psi
---------------------------------------------------
Ring gaskets to be used for specific grooves are:

API 6B - use API type R or type RX
API 6BX - use API type BX
Exercise
Which pressure energized ring gasket can match with a ring

groove API 6B ?
- BX
-R
- RX
RX
Flange Types
Stand-
Stand-off Closed Face
gives gives
instability stability
BX
R or RX Ring Gaskets
Ring Gaskets
API 6B Flange API 6BX Flange
Nominal Size
What does this mean ?

a 7 1/16 , 15M flange
Working pressure of
15000 psi
and
7 1/16 bore
Connection
Studded
Clamp Hub
Flanged
Components of BOP Stack
Annular BOP
BOPs
They are design to:
- Be closed on an open well (should be avoided)
- Reciprocate or rotate the string while maintaining a seal
against the well bore. (need approval during WC situation)
- Seal around a square or hexagonal Kelly.
- Pass the tool joints through while stripping.
-They can be operated with a variable Operating Hydraulic Pressure.
-Main Manufacturers:
Hydrill: MSP, GK, GL y GX.
Varco/Shaffer: Spherical
Cameron: D
Typical Annular BOP
As the contractor piston is raised

by hydraulic pressure, the rubber
packing unit is squeezed inward
to a sealing engagement with
anything suspended in the
wellbore.
Hydril GX
Seals on open hole. Wear plate and Packing unit replaceable on the field
same as the GK model. Max Press: 15M.
Hydril GK
Only two moving parts, seals on open hole. Wear plate and Packing unit
replaceable on the field with pipe in hole.
Hydril GL
1- Latched Head
2 - Opening Chamber Head
3 - Opening Chamber
4 - Closing Chamber
5 - Secondary Chamber
6 - Piston Seals
7 - Piston
8 - Packing Unit
Mainly designed for Subsea operations, seals on open hole (but not
recommended), WHP helps to increase closing pressure.
54 / 81
Offers the longest life packing init for annular BOP in the industry
Quartz School. Module 5: Well Heads & BOPE / Section 2: BOPE Description & Selection
Hydril GL: Secondary Chamber - (Mainly
used for Offshore)
Standard Surface Hookup Optional Surface Hookup
Connects the secondary chamber to the Connects the secondary chamber to the closing
opening chamber chamber
- Least amount of fluid to close/open - Increase closing pressure for optimum
closing
Cameron DL
Quick-Release Top
Donut
Packer
Access Flaps
Outer Cylinder
Locking Grooves Lock Down
Packer Insert Vent Port
Operating Piston
Pusher Plate
Closing Hydraulic Port
Opening Hydraulic Port
Vent Port
Components subject to wear are field replaceable, most of the models requires
less hydraulic fluid to operate compared with the other products.
Spherical Shaffer
This model is particularly suitable in
case of frequent closures and
stripping operations.
Two versions are available:

1. with bolted head in small
size models and with low
working pressure values
2. with latched head in larger
models and with high
working pressure values
It has a nylon wear gasket (wear

band) to center the piston movement.
Closure is partially assisted by
well pressure.
U BOP Cameron - Manual Lock
Pressure energized system. Is the most widely used RAM BOP for land, platform
and Subsea operations
U type Cameron operation
U BOP OPERATING DATA AND FLUID REQUIREMENTS

Bore Size 135/8" 163/4"
& 71/16" All 11" except 11" 135/8" Except 163/4" 183/4" 203/4" 211/4" 211/4" 233/4"
15000 psi 15000 psi 15000 psi 3000&5000 psi
WP 15000 psi 10000 psi 10000 psi 3000 psi 5000 psi 10000 psi 3000 psi
Working Pressure Model B Model B
Gallons to Open
1,3 3,4 6,1 6,4 10,4 9,8 11,6 21,2 7,9 27,2 24,5 10,1
Pipe Rams (1 set)
Gallons to Close
1,3 3,5 6,2 5,8 10,6 10,6 12,4 23,1 8,4 29,9 26,9 10,8
Pipe Rams (1 set)
Locking Screw
18 27 32 32 45 38 45 54 46 54 51 58
Turns (Each End)
Closing Ratio 6,9 : 1 7,3 : 1 9,8 : 1 7,0 : 1 10,6 : 1 6,8 : 1 6,8 : 1 7,4 : 1 7,0 : 1 6,2 : 1 7,2 : 1 7,0 : 1
Open Ratio 2,2 : 1 2,5 : 1 2,2 : 1 2,3 : 1 3,6 : 1 2,3 : 1 2,3 : 1 3,7 : 1 1,3 : 1 4,0 : 1 4,0 : 1 1,0 : 1
Cameron Type - U
Operating
Piston Operating
Bonnet Cylinder
Ram change
cylinder
Ram change piston
Seal Rings Assy.

Bonnet
Ram Assy.
Body
Intermediate
Flange
Cameron Variable Bore Ram Assy.
Top Seal
Packer
Body
Shearing Blind Rams
Upper Shear Ram Top Seal
Blade
Side Packer
Lower Shear
Ram assembly
Face Seal
Shaffer Rams - NL
Block Retaining screw
Rubber Holder
Retaining screw
Cameron Wedge Lock
Hydril MPL (Multiple Position Lock)
Hydraulically-actuated mechanical clutch mechanism
Shaffer POSLOCK (One Position Locking Mechanism)
Locks the RAM regardless of the wear on the

RAMS packing
Shaffer Ultralock
RAM & Ratios
Closing Ratio 13 5/8 -10M:
10000psi 7 = 1428 psi
Opening Ratio 13 5/8 -10M

If available koomie pressure
is 3000 psi:
2.3 * 3000 psi = 6900 psi
Surface Safety Valve, Inside BOP
and Float Valve
Safety Valve - Kelly Cock
Full Opening Safety Valve
Upper seat
Ball
Crank
Lower Seat
Body
Inside BOP
BOPs - GRAY Valve
Release Rod
Locking Screw Release tool
Valve Release rod
Upper Body
Seat
Valve
Valve Spring
Lower Body
Float Valves
USED TO:
Prevent sudden influx entry into the drill string.
Prevent back flow of annular cuttings from plugging
bit nozzles.
Schlumberger Policies: I.14

A float (solid or ported) will be run while drilling and
opening hole prior to setting surface casing or any time
the posted well control plan is to divert.
Float Valves
Mud / Gas Separator
MUG GAS SEPARATOR
Pressure Build up/operating limit of MGS are

mainly governed by:
Inside Diameter of Vent pipe
Height of the Vent pipe
Mud Gas Separator
Circulating through
Circulating through MGS, above design
MGS, no gas no capacity, unloading
pressure gas to shakers
Circulating gas Possible

through MGS, within improvement of mud
design capacity seal height
Typical Offshore Set-up Typical Land Rig Set-up Typical Offshore Set-up Typical Land Rig Set-up
The mud gas separator is a low pressure vessel
Mud Gas Separator
GAS
1 - Diameter and length of the vent line controls
the amount of back pressure in MGS
Baffle Plate
From Choke
Manifold 2 - Diameter, height and internal design controls
the separation efficiency in MGS
Siphon Breaker
Mud
To Shakers
3 - Height of the U tube control the
working pressure and the fluid level to
stop the gas going out of the MGS
Drain Line with valve
The function of the MGS is to mechanically separate gas from the mud.
Mud Gas Separator
Vent line
What is the maximum operating pressure of

this MGS with 11.3 ppg mud ?
From Choke
Manifold
MGS
= 0,052 x 11,3 x 10 = 5,9 psi
In fact we apply a safety coefficient,
depending of Companies
22
22
To Shale
Shakers
Vacuum Degasser
The Vacuum De-gasser is designed to remove the small

bubbles of gas in mud:
Left after passing through the MGS
In case of gas cut mud
When circulating any trip gas
The Vacuum De-gasser will be line up at all times during the Well Control
operation and should be tested every tour.
API RP53
Recommended Practices for BOPE Systems
for Drilling Wells
Abstract

02 BOPE - Description &amp; Selection

Uploaded by

Document Information

Original Description:

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

02 BOPE - Description &amp; Selection

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

Quartz School for Well Site Supervisors

Functions should be Drill pipe

interlocked Insert packer

Diverter close port

Flow / Vent line

Schlumberger Policies: I.19

THE ACCUMULATOR BOTTLES ARE CONTAINERS THAT STORE

- DECREASE BOP FONCTIONS RESPONSE TIME.

- VOLUME OF ACCUMULATOR BOTTLE: 10 gal

- WORKING PRESURE: 3000 psi

- NITROGEN GAS IS USED TO PRE-CHARGE ACCUMULATOR BOTTLES.

- MINIMUM PRECHARGE PRESSURE: 1000 psi

- MINIMUM OPERATING PRESSURE: 200 psi ABOVE PRE-CHARGE

Usable Hydraulic fluid is:

EXAMPLE : for a BOP stack : 1 Annular + 3 Rams + HCR Valve

Closing Volume (CV): 20 + (3 x 10) = 50 Gal

Usable Volume (UV): = 51 Gal

Nominal Volume (NV): 2 x UV = 102 Gal

Is the minimum pressure to effectively close and seal a ram BOP

Pump Response Time:

Each surface BOP control system should have a minimum of

Electric, and or, air supply should be

The initial pressure test on components that

Annular may be tested to a minimum of 70% of the

Initial pressure test = first test on a new well.

Low Pressure Test

High Pressure Test

The body of new BOPs are subjected to a hydrostatic

At least one flow path:

Shall be equipped with a manually operated adjustable choke

Manifold equipment subject to well pressure (up-

PARTICULARITY : It can be closed with an manual hydraulic pump or by

The most common ring grooves are:

Ring gaskets to be used for specific grooves are:

Which pressure energized ring gasket can match with a ring

API 6B Flange API 6BX Flange

What does this mean ?

As the contractor piston is raised

Two versions are available:

It has a nylon wear gasket (wear

U BOP OPERATING DATA AND FLUID REQUIREMENTS

Seal Rings Assy.

Block Retaining screw

Locks the RAM regardless of the wear on the

10000psi 7 = 1428 psi

Opening Ratio 13 5/8 -10M

2.3 * 3000 psi = 6900 psi

Valve Release rod

Schlumberger Policies: I.14

Pressure Build up/operating limit of MGS are

Inside Diameter of Vent pipe

Height of the Vent pipe

Circulating gas Possible

The mud gas separator is a low pressure vessel

Drain Line with valve

What is the maximum operating pressure of

The Vacuum De-gasser is designed to remove the small

You might also like

02 BOPE - Description & Selection

02 BOPE - Description & Selection