6.

0 EXPECTED RESULTS

Solar Home Lighting Systems are an excellent solution for household level
electrification in rural and remote areas.

The amount of electricity generated at a particular site depends on how much of the sun's
energy reaches it. The solar energy has to meet your electricity needs efficiently and
economically.

When the constructed system was completed, it was necessary that some tests be
conducted to confirm that the circuit is working. The solar panel was switched to solar panel
side, supplied the required 12V dc needed to drive the charging circuit. The output of the
regulator IC 7808 (a 3 terminal, 1A, 8V regulator) connected through diode, D1 was the required
7.3V dc (due to 0.7V drop across the diodes, D1) needed to charge the battery. LED 1 was ON
when the battery was connected in reverse polarity while charging and finally, the lamp glows
when ON/OFF switch, S2, is switched ON to confirm that the battery was delivering the
required voltage to the output. Thus, the result obtained from the test shows that there was no
short circuit in the system and that the designed circuit worked as it was meant to.

However solar module has 12v,12wp which is used for daily Usage of solar system is 3 - 4 Hrs
and especially for emergency usage it provides 2 days autonomy for lighting during cloudy
weather

NOTE:

A stand-alone home solar electric or PV system operates "off-grid" -- it isn't connected to

a electricity distribution grid operated by a utility. A grid-connected home solar electric or PV
system receives back-up power from a utility's grid when the PV system is not producing enough
power. When the system produces excess power, the utility is required to purchase the power
through a metering and rate arrangement.

ESTIMATING ENERGY COST SAVINGS FOR NET-METERED PV SYSTEM

Using the equation below, you can estimate the annual electricity production and electric bill
savings for a grid-connected home solar electric system with a net metering arrangement.

Determine the PV system's size in kilowatts (kW). A typical range is from 1 to 5 kW. This
value is the "kW of PV" input for the equation below.

Based on your geographic location, select the energy production factor from the map
below for the "kWh/kW-year" input for the following equation.

Electricity production from the PV system = (kW of PV) (kWh/kW-year) = kWh/year

You can calculate your annual electric bill savings using the following equation. Note that the
residential rate should be in dollars per kWh; for example, a rate of 10 cents per kWh is input as
$0.10/kWh.

Electric bill savings = (kWh/year) (Residential Rate) = $/year

(To determine your monthly electric bill savings, divide the final number above by 12.)
 For example, a 2-kW system in Denver, CO, at a residential energy rate of 7 cents/kWh
will save about $266 per year: 2 kW 1,900 kWh/kW-year $0.07/kWh = $266/year (or
$22.17/month)