Professional Documents
Culture Documents
FACULTY OF ECONOMICS
AND BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION
SPECIALIZATION: FINANCE & BANKING (English line)
Group No 4
2010
UNIVERSITY OF CENTERAL PUNJAB
Introduction
MOTIVATION AND IMPORTANCE OF THEME
REFERENCES
APPENDICES
INTRODUCTION
MOTIVATION OF THEME
I have chosen this theme because I like informatics, robotics, science-fiction, and
a subject like Artificial Intelligence makes me feel comfort to talk about, and everything I
have done for this project Ive done with pleasure.
CHAPTER 1.
INTELLIGENCE BEHAVIOR
1.1. DEFINITION
1.1.2. CHARACTERISTICS
3
CHAPTER 2. ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE
2.1. DEFINITION
2.2. HISTORY
In Figure 1 I presented the major events from the Artificial Intelligent history.
4
2.3. THE FOUNDERS
AI
A linguist
interested in subtle points
of grammar or Applications engineering
A logical philosopher
who express all knowledge
in the first-order to
predicate calculus
3.1. COMPONENTS
In Figure 3 you can see the major components of Artificial Intelligence, and their
description, examples of uses, below.
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Figure 3. The major components of Artificial Intelligence
Expert
syste
ms
Neural
Roboti
networ
cs
ks
Artificial
Intellige
nce
Learni
Vision
ng
syste
syste
Natura ms
ms
l
langua
ge
proces
sing
3.1.1. ROBOTICS
Robotics involves developing mechanical or computer devices that can paint cars
for example, and other tasks that are hazardous for humans or require a high degree of
precision.
Robots are essential components of todays automated manufacturing and military
systems, future robots will find applications in banks, restaurants, homes, doctors offices
and nuclear stations.
For many businesses, robots are used to do dirty and dangerous jobs (ex:
manufactures use robots to assemble and paint products).
Examples:
Based originally on evolution ER-1 mobile robot is: Carmela (CMAssist) see
videos from appendices;
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The Porter Adventist Hospital in Denver, Colorado uses a $1.2million da Vinci
surgical system to perform surgery on prostate cancer patients; The biggest
advantage is that it improves recovery time.
3.1.2. VISION SYSTEMS
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Sound waves
Words
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3.1.4. LEARNING SYSTEMS
Another part of AI deals with learning systems, a combination of software and
hardware that allows a computer to change how it functions or reacts to situations based
on feedback it receives.
For example: some computerized games, if the computer does not win a game, it
remembers not to make the same moves under the same conditions again.
Learning systems software requires feedback on the results of actions or
decisions, minimum to indicate whether the results are desirable or undesirable.
An expert system consists of hardware and software that stores knowledge and
makes inferences, similar to those of a human expert. Like human experts, computerized
expert systems use heuristics to arrive at conclusions or make suggestions.
Expert systems have also been used to determinate credit limits for credit cards.
As another example, an agricultural company can use expert systems to
determinate the best fertilizer mix to use on certain soils to improve crops while
minimizing costs.
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3.2. DIFFERENCE BETWEEN NATURAL AND ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE
NATURAL ARTIFICIAL
ABILITY TO:
INTELLIGENCE INTELLIGENCE
BE CREATIVE AND
++ +
IMAGINATIVE
USE A VARIETY
++ ++
INFORMATION SOURCES
MAKE COMPLEX
+ ++
CALCULATIONS
TRANSFER INFORMATION + ++
MAKE A SERIES OF
CALCULATIONS RAPIDLY + ++
AND ACCURATELY
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3.3. EXAMPLES
CHAPTER 4. CONCLUSIONS
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REFERENCES
Books:
GINZBERG, M.J. & REITMAN, W. (1982): Decision support systems,
Amsterdam: North-Holland;
PERRY, Greg (2007) , Microsoft Office 2007 : 5 n 1: Word, Excel,
PowerPoint, Outlook, OneNote, Ed. Teora;
REITMAN, W. (May, 1983), Artificial Intelligence applications for
business proceedings of the NYU symposium;
RUSSELL, Stuart & NORVIG Peter (1995), Artificial Intelligence: A
modern approach, 3rd Edition, New Jersey: Prentice;
STAIR, R. & REYNOLDS, G.(2008), Fundamentals of Information
Systems, 4th Edition, Thomson Course Technology;
Internet:
http://news.cnet.com/Getting-machines-to-think-like-us/2008-11394_3-
6090207.html (02-11-2010)
http://library.thinkquest.org/2705/ (02-11-2010)
http://www.cs.cmu.edu/~coral/cmassist/ (03-11-2010)
http://www.porterhospital.org/body.cfm?id=485(03-11-2010)
http://www.articlesbase.com/management-articles/scope-of-artificial-
intelligence-in-business-328608.html(03-11-2010)
http://www.google.com/imghp (04-11-2010)
http://www.gainextinction.com/artificial-intelligence.html (05-11-2010)
http://www.enotes.com/business-finance-encyclopedia/artificial-
intelligence (05-11-2010)
News-papers:
New York Times, Feb. 17, 1983;
APPENDICES
VIDEOS
1
Voice recognition Video 6 A funny video about a voice recognition system in
an elevator.
DEFINITIONS OF TERMS
Expert system refers to hardware and software that stores knowledge and makes
inferences, similar to a human expert.
Heuristics are rules of thumb arising from experience;
Inferences means to indicate or involve as a conclusion;
Intelligent agents is a system that perceives its environment and takes actions that
maximize its chances of success;
Learning systems refers to a combination of software and hardware that allows
the computer to change how it functions or reacts to situations based on feedback
it receives;
Natural language processing is processing that allows the computer to understand
and react to statements and commands made in a natural language, such as
English;
Neural networks is a computer system that can act like or simulate the functioning
of a human brain;
Robotics are mechanical or computer devices that perform tasks requiring a high
degree of precision or that are hazardous for humans;
Vision systems represent the hardware and software that permit computers to
manipulate visual images and pictures;