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ABSTRACT
The present study was aimed to determine the antioxidant and microkinetic activity of methanolic extract
of leaves of Eucalyptus viminalis labill. The Eucalyptus viminalis labill leaves (EV1) and stem (EV2)
methanolic extracts were prepared by hot percolation (Soxhlation). EV1 and EV2 extracts were subjected
to aluminium trichloride assay for determination of flavonoids; Folin-Ciocalteu colorimetry for estimation
of phenolic content; DPPH and FRAP assay for evaluation of antioxidant potential; and agar well
diffusion and 96 well ELISA reader method for discerning of the antibacterial potential. The EV2 extract
possess high phenolic content (5.17 mg GAE equivalent/gm dried wt.) and flavonoid content (20.46 mg
Rutin equivalent/ gm dried wt.). During In vitro antimicrobial evaluation EV2 and EV1 displayed
significant inhibitory activity against E. Coli. Present study concludes that stem extract (EV2) of
Eucalyptus viminalis labill possess high total phenolic and total flavonoids contents compared to leaves
extract (EV1). Both EV1 and EV2 extracts possess DPPH radicals scavenging activity, reducing potential,
and high antibacterial extracts. Present study supports Eucalyptus viminalis labill methanolic extract
potential for antimicrobial and antioxidant activity.
Keywords: Eucalyptus viminalis, Total phenolic content, Flavonoid content, Antioxidant activity, Growth
curve
INTRODUCTION
Over the past three decades, there was an Hence, present study was aimed to determine the
exponential increment in the use of herbal total phenolic and flavonoid content, antioxidant
remedies in several medical conditions [1]. (by DPPH and FRAP) and antibacterial potential
Investigation supports the role of reactive oxygen of methanolic extract of leaves and stems of
species (ROS) and reactive nitrogen species (RNS) Eucalyptus viminalis.
in oxidative stress mediated damage of cellular MATERIAL AND METHODS
structures [2]. Oxidative stress causes Chemicals:
accumulation of free radicals and roots several Aluminium chloride, Methanol, potassium
pathophysiological processes, such as cancer, ferricyanide, trichloroacetic acid, gallic acid (GA),
diabetes, cardiovascular and neurodegenerative rutin (RU), and FolinCiocalteus reagent, 1,1-
diseases [3]. Antioxidants display free radical Diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), Sodium
scavengers activity stimulates immune defence carbonate, Ascorbic acid, Mueller Hilton media.
system and lowers the risk of degenerative All chemical reagents were of analytical grade.
diseases, by preventing and repairing damages Collection of plant material:
caused by ROS and RNS. The plant material was collected from the premise
Eucalyptus viminalis labill (family: myrtaceae) of AIMST University, Malaysia. The taxonomic
leaves are reported to possess volatile oil identification of plant was confirmed, and
constituents like 1, 8-cineole, pinene, eudesmol, herbarium was submitted to Pharmacognosy
and tannins. Eucalyptus viminalis labill plant is Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Herbarium
also reported for antiviral, antibacterial, voucher specimen Accession number
antirheumatic activities [4]. Although to the best AIMST/FOP/05).
of researcher's knowledge, validation of phenolic, Preparation of extracts:
flavonoid content, antioxidant and antibacterial The leaves and stem parts of Eucalyptus viminalis
activities of Eucalyptus viminalis labill is still an plant were separately collected and dried under
uninvestigated and unpublished area of research. shade at room temperature, and later powdered
Address for correspondence: using mechanical blender. The leaves and stem
Dr. Shivkanya Fuloria, extracts of Eucalyptus viminalis labill were
Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, prepared by hot percolation method. The hot
Faculty of Pharmacy,AIMST University, percolation method involved, placement of
Bedong- Semeling, Kedah, Malaysia 08100 powdered material in Soxhlet apparatus and
Email: shivani2jaju@gmail.com extraction with with methanol at 45-55C for 10-
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Fuloria Shivkanya et al,: Microkinetic potential of eucalyptus viminalis labill extracts
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Fuloria Shivkanya et al,: Microkinetic potential of eucalyptus viminalis labill extracts
Table 1: Total phenolic content and total flavonoid content of Eucalyptus viminalis
Total Flavonoid Content (mg rutin /100 Total Phenolic content (mg GAE equivalent gm
gm) dried weight)
EV1 EV2 EV1 EV2
14.27 20.46 4.94 5.17
250
EVI E. faecalis
150
EVI S.aureus
EVI E.coli
100
EV2 B. Subtilis
50 EV2 E. faecalis
EV2 S. aureus
0 EV2 E.coli
0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 500 550
Concentration (g/ml)
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION the drug using delta ODs in a shorter time than the
Present study, involved determination of total reference method (approximately 16-20 h) in this
phenolic and flavonoid content of methanolic assay.
extracts of leaves and stem prepared by hot In our study the methanolic stem extract showed
percolation method. Several studies documented comparatively higher antioxidant activity that of
that phenolic compounds are significantly the leaves extract, which is in accordance with the
responsible for antioxidant properties [7]. total phenolic and flavonoid content of the
Flavonoids act as antioxidants due to their ability extracts. In this study, a microbroth kinetic system,
to reduce free radical formation and to scavenge which provides kinetic data throughout the
free radicals. Phenolic compounds have powerful incubation period, was used to determine
antioxidant properties like prevention of free antibacterial activity. The results obtained in
radicals induced oxidative damage as well as present study suggest that Eucalyptus vimillais
different anticarcinogenic, vasodilatory, labill may be a potential plant to be explored for
hypoglycemic and neuroprotective effects [8] Plant its anti-inflammatory and anticancer activity.
materials rich in phenolics and flavonoids, are CONCLUSION
increasingly being used in the food industry for The present study concludes that Eucalyptus
their antioxidative properties and healthbenefits viminalis labill is a potential source for natural
[9]. The total phenolic content of each extract was antibacterial and antioxidant agents. Furthermore,
determined using Folin Ciocalteu method and phytochemical analysis is essential for the
expressed in terms of gallic acid equivalent (data isolation of bioactive molecules from the plant.
given in table 1). Among both extract EV2 ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
displayed highest phenolic content. The total The authors are thankful to AIMST University,
flavonoid content of each extract was determined Malaysia for providing necessary facilities and
using aluminium chloride method. Total flavonoid funding for the present study.
content was expressed as mg quercetin equivalent
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