What do you understand by filters ?

IMPORTANCE OF FILTERS IN AC
Almost every air conditioning system has a filter upstream of the evaporator coil.
This can be in the return grille or in special slots in the duct system and can be a
fuzzy-looking or a folded paper filter. This filter removes particles from the air stream
to both keep the air conditioning system clean and to remove particles from the air.

As the filter does its job, it gets loaded with more and more particles. This actually
has the effect of making it more efficient, but it also increases resistance and
reducing airflow. When this happens, it is time to change the filter. How long it will
take to happen depends on how dirty the air is and how big the filter is.

If you dont change the filter, the air flow will go down, and the system will not
perform well. Not only that, but if the filter is too dirty, it starts to become a source or
air pollution itself.

If you take the filter out completely, you would solve the low air flow problem, but this
victory would be short lived. The particles that the filter would have taken out will now
build up on your evaporator coil and eventually cause it to fail. A new filter is a lot
cheaper.
When you do buy a new filter, ASHRAE recommends getting one with a Minimum
Efficiency Rating Value of MERV 6 or higher.

TYPES
Electrostatic filters
An electrostatic precipitator (ESP) is a filtration device that removes fine
particles, like dust and smoke, from a flowing gas using the force of an
induced electrostatic charge minimally impeding the flow of gases through the
unit. [1]

In contrast to wet scrubbers which apply energy directly to the flowing fluid
medium, an ESP applies energy only to the particulate matter being collected
and therefore is very efficient in its consumption of energy (in the form of
electricity)

Spray typE
Fibre Filters.
HEPA ( High Efficiency Particulate Arrestance )
High-efficiency particulate arrestance (HEPA),[1][2] also sometimes
called high-efficiency particulate arresting or high-efficiency particulate
air, is a type of air filter. Filters meeting the HEPA standard have many
applications, including use in medical facilities, automobiles, aircraft and
homes. The filter must satisfy certain standards of efficiency such as those set
by the United States Department of Energy (DOE). To qualify as HEPA by US
government standards, an air filter must remove (from the air that passes
through) 99.97% of particles that have a size of 0.3 m
HEPA filters are composed of a mat of randomly arranged fibres. [4]The fibres
are typically composed of fiberglass and possess diameters between 0.5 and
2.0 micrometers. Key factors affecting its functions are fibre diameter, filter
thickness, and face velocity. The air space between HEPA filter fibres is
typically much greater than 0.3 m. The common assumption that a HEPA
filter acts like a sieve where particles smaller than the largest opening can
pass through is incorrect and impractical.

What is a compressor ?

A gas compressoris a mechanical device that increases thepressure of

a gasby reducing itsvolume. An air compressor is a specific type of gas
compressor.

Compressors are similar to pumps: both increase the pressure on a fluid and
both can transport the fluid through a pipe. As gases are compressible, the
compressor also reduces the volume of a gas. Liquids are relatively
incompressible; while some can be compressed, the main action of a pump is
to pressurize and transport liquids.

describe the workings of a compressor ( At least 2 types.)

Air compressors function based on a very simple principle. When the air is
compressed, its volume decreases whereas the pressure increases.

The most common way to achieve this is with the help of a reciprocating
piston. Each reciprocating piston compressor has a crankshaft, connecting
rod, a piston, cylinder, and a valve head. In order for the entire mechanism
to work, you need power. Air compressors are usually powered by
electricity or gas depending on the model.
Centrifugal compressors use a rotating disk orimpeller in a shaped housing
to force the gas to the rim of the impeller, increasing the velocity of the gas. A
diffuser (divergent duct) section converts the velocity energy to pressure
energy.

Axial-flow compressors are dynamic rotating compressors that use arrays of

fan-like airfoils to progressively compress the working fluid. They are used
where there is a requirement for a high flow rate or a compact design.

The arrays of airfoils are set in rows, usually as pairs: one rotating and one
stationary. The rotating airfoils, also known as blades or rotors, accelerate the
fluid.