CE 39007 Concrete Lab

Mondays/Thursdays/Fridays

Instructors:
Nirjhar Dhang (CE, Monday)
Sudhirkumar Barai (CE, Monday)

S K Bhattacharyya (CE, Thursday)

Biswanath Banerjee (CE, Thursday)

Sushanta Chakrabarti (CE, Friday)

A George (ARP, Friday)

Mix Design

1
Mix Design Methods

Minimum void method

Maximum density method
Fineness modulus method
British Mix Design
ACI Mix Design
IS Mix Design

Data Requirement

Concrete
Cement
Aggregate
Water

2
Data Requirement - Concrete

Characteristic compressive Strength (fck)

Workability desired - Compacting factor
Degree of Quality Control
Type of Exposure

Data Requirement- Cement

Specific gravity
Compressive strength of cement

3
Data Requirement - Aggregate

Maximum size of aggregate

C.A. - Specific gravity, Water absorption (%), Surface moisture,
Sieve analysis
F.A. - Specific gravity, Water absorption (%), Surface moisture,
Sieve analysis

Data Requirement - Water

Water

4
IS 2000 Clauses

In specifying a particular grade of concrete, the following information shall be

included:
Type of mix that is design mix concrete or nominal mix concrete
Grade designation
Type of cement
Maximum nominal size of aggregate
Minimum cement content (for design mix concrete)
Maximum water-cement
water cement ration
Workability
Mix proportion (for nominal mix concrete)
Exposure conditions as per Table 4 and 5 of IS 456:2000
Maximum temperature of concrete at the time of placing
Method of placing; and
Degree of supervision

IS 2000 Clauses

In appropriate circumstance, the following additional information may be

specified.

Type of aggregate
Maximum cement content and
Whether an admixture shall or shall not be used and the type of
admixture and the condition of use.

5
Mix Design Steps

Design requirements
Characteristic compressive strength at 28 dyas, fck
Maximum size of the available aggregate
Shape of coarse aggregate
Degree of workability desired, compacting factor
Degree of quality control
Type of exposure

Mix Design Steps

Test data for concrete making materials

Specific gravity of cement
Specific gravity of coarse aggregate
Specific gravity of fine aggregate
Water absorption (air dray to saturated surface dry) in coarse
aggregate, percent
Water absorption (air dray to saturated surface dry) in fine
aggregate, percent
Surface moisture - coarse aggregate
Surface moisture - fine aggregate
Compressive strength of cement at 28 days
Sieve analysis results

6
Step 1: Computation of target mean
strength

Step 2: Determination of w/c ratio

7
Step 3: Computation of water quantity and
determination of entrapped air

Step 3: (Cont.)

8
Step 3: (Cont.)

Step 4: Determination of cement content

9
Step 5: Quantity of coarse aggregate (Ca)
and fine aggregate (Fa) per m3 of concrete.

Step 5: (Cont.)

10
Step 6: Determination of mix proportion

Step 6: (Cont.)

11
Step 7: Mix Design Implementation

12
 8/3/2016

1.TARGET MEAN STRENGTH

STANDARD DEVIATION

2. WATER-CEMENT RATIO

3. CEMENT CONTENT

4. WATER CONTENT

5. COARSE AGGREGATES

6. FINE AGGREGATES

7. CORRECTIONS FOR MOISTURE ABSORPTION

TARGET STRENGTH FOR MIX DESIGN

ACCEPTED PROPORTION OF LOW

RESULTS

1 in 5 0.84
1 in 10 1.28
1 in
i 15 1 50
1.50
1 in 20 1.65
1 in 40 1.86
1 in 100 2.33

2.1
IS10262-1982: Page 5

1
 8/3/2016

SUGGESTED VALUES OF STANDARD DEVIATION

GRADE OF CONCRETE STANDARD DEVIATION FOR DIFFERENT

DEGREE OF CONTROL IN N/mm2

M 10
3.5
M 15
M 20
4.0
M 25
M 30
M 35
M 40
5.0
M 45
M 50
M 55

Table 1
IS10262-2009: Page 2

SELECTION OF WATER CEMENT RATIO

CASE1:TestresultsforcementstrengthisNOTavailable
USEFIGURE1OFIS102621982ONPAGE7

3.1 & Figure 1

IS10262-1982: Page 7

2
 8/3/2016

CASE2:TestresultsforcementstrengthisAVAILABLE
USEFIGURE2OFIS102621982ONPAGE8

3.1 & Figure 2

IS10262-1982: Page 8

APPROXIMATE AIR CONTENT

NOMINAL ENTRAPPED AIR
MAX SIZE OF (% of Volume of 3.2 & Table 3
AGGREGATES Concrete) IS10262-1982: Page 9
(mm)
10 3.0
20 20
2.0
40 1.0

AMOUNT OF WATER CONTENT

AMOUNT OF CEMENT

AMOUNT OF FINE AGGREGATES

AMOUNT OF COARSE AGGREGATES

3
 8/3/2016

NOMINAL MAX SAND AS % of TOTAL

SIZE OF AGGREGATE BY ABSOLUTE
AGGREGATES VOLUME
(mm)

10 208 40
20 186 35
40 165 30
Saturated surface dry aggregate

ANGULAR
Fine Aggregate (natural sand) conforming Zone II of Table 4 of IS:
3 3 97
383-1970
w/c is 0.6 (by mass)
Workability corresponding to Compacting Factor of 0.8

3.3.2 & Table 4

IS10262-1982: Page 9&10

NOMINAL MAX SAND AS % of TOTAL

SIZE OF AGGREGATE BY ABSOLUTE
AGGREGATES VOLUME
(mm)

10 200 28
20 180 25
Saturated surface dry aggregate

ANGULAR Coarse Aggregate (conforming to IS:383-1970)

Fine Aggregate (natural sand) conforming Zone II of Table 4 (of
IS:383-1970)
w/c
/ is 0.35 (by
(b mass))
Workability corresponding to Compacting Factor of 0.8

3.3.3 & Table 5

IS10262-1982: Page 9&10

4
 8/3/2016

** Design Stipulation is Different from Previous Tables **

ADJUSTMENT OF VALUES IN WATER CONTENT AND SAND

PERCENTAGE

CHANGE IN CONDITION WATER % SAND in TOTAL

CONTENT AGGREGATE
(%)
For sand conforming to grading Zone I, 0 +1.5 % for Zone I
Zone III or Zone IV of Table 4 of -1.5 % for Zone III
IS:383-1970 -3.0 % for Zone IV
Increase or decrease in the value of 3 % 0
Compacting Factor by 0.1
Each 0.05 increase or decrease in free 0 1 %
w/c ratio
For rounded aggregate -7 %

3.3.4 & Table 6

IS10262-1982: Page 11

Water Content

Fine Aggregate % in Total Aggregate

Cement Content from W/C ratio

Coarse Aggregate % in Total Aggregate

Fine & Coarse Aggregate Content

5
 8/3/2016

3.5.1
IS10262-1982: Page 11

Minimum Cement Content, Maximum Water-cement Ratio and

minimum Grade of Concrete for Different Exposures
(Maximum Nominal Aggregate Size 10mm)
Minimum Cement Maximum Free Water- Minimum Grade of
Content (kg/m3) Cement Ratio Concrete

Mild 260 0.60 -

Plain Concrette

Moderate 260 0.60 M 15

Severe 280 0.50 M 20
Very Severe 290 0.45 M 20
Extreme 300 0.40 M 25

Mild 340 0.55 M 20

orced
crete

Moderate 340 0.50 M 25

Reinfo

Severe 360 0 45
0.45 M 30
Conc

Very Severe 380 0.45 M 35

Extreme 400 0.40 M 40
Cement content prescribed in this table is irrespective of the grads of cement and it is inclusive of additions mentioned in
5.2. The additions such as fly-ash or ground granulated blast furnace slag may be taken into account in the concrete
composition with respective to the cement content and water-cement ratio if the suitability is established and as long as
the maximum amounts taken into account do not exceed the limit of pozzolona and slag specified in IS:1489 and IS:455,
respectively.
Minimum grade for plain concrete under mild exposure condition is not specified.

Table-5 of IS 456-2000: Page 20,21

6
 8/3/2016

Minimum Cement Content, Maximum Water-cement Ratio and

minimum Grade of Concrete for Different Exposures
(Maximum Nominal Aggregate Size 20mm)
Minimum Cement Maximum Free Water- Minimum Grade of
Content (kg/m3) Cement Ratio Concrete

Mild 220 0.60 -

Plain Concrette

Moderate 220 0.60 M 15

Severe 240 0.50 M 20
Very Severe 250 0.45 M 20
Extreme 260 0.40 M 25

Mild 300 0.55 M 20

orced
crete

Moderate 300 0.50 M 25

Reinfo

Severe 320 0 45
0.45 M 30
Conc

Very Severe 340 0.45 M 35

Extreme 360 0.40 M 40
Cement content prescribed in this table is irrespective of the grads of cement and it is inclusive of additions mentioned in
5.2. The additions such as fly-ash or ground granulated blast furnace slag may be taken into account in the concrete
composition with respective to the cement content and water-cement ratio if the suitability is established and as long as
the maximum amounts taken into account do not exceed the limit of pozzolona and slag specified in IS:1489 and IS:455,
respectively.
Minimum grade for plain concrete under mild exposure condition is not specified.

Table-5 of IS 456-2000: Page 20,21

Minimum Cement Content, Maximum Water-cement Ratio and

minimum Grade of Concrete for Different Exposures
(Maximum Nominal Aggregate Size 40mm)
Minimum Cement Maximum Free Water- Minimum Grade of
Content (kg/m3) Cement Ratio Concrete

Mild 190 0.60 -

Plain Concrette

Moderate 190 0.60 M 15

Severe 210 0.50 M 20
Very Severe 220 0.45 M 20
Extreme 230 0.40 M 25

Mild 270 0.55 M 20

orced
crete

Moderate 270 0.50 M 25

Reinfo

Severe 290 0 45
0.45 M 30
Conc

Very Severe 310 0.45 M 35

Extreme 330 0.40 M 40
Cement content prescribed in this table is irrespective of the grads of cement and it is inclusive of additions mentioned in
5.2. The additions such as fly-ash or ground granulated blast furnace slag may be taken into account in the concrete
composition with respective to the cement content and water-cement ratio if the suitability is established and as long as
the maximum amounts taken into account do not exceed the limit of pozzolona and slag specified in IS:1489 and IS:455,
respectively.
Minimum grade for plain concrete under mild exposure condition is not specified.

Table-5 of IS 456-2000: Page 20,21

7
 8/3/2016

SAMPLE AMOUNT FOR SIEVE ANALYSIS

Maximum Nominal Size of Approximate Minimum
the Aggregate Weight of the Sample
4.75 mm 500 gm
10 mm 2000 gm
20 mm 2500 gm
40 mm 5000 gm

3.3 of IS 2386(part I)-1963(Reaffirmed 1997): Page 10

GRADED COARSE AGGREGATE IS AVAILABLE

COARSE AGGREGATES
IS SIEVE PERCENTAGE PASSING FOR GRADED AGGREGATE OF
DESIGNATION NOMINAL SIZE
40 mm 20 mm 16 mm 12.5 mm
40 mm 95-100 100
20 mm 30-70 95-100 100 100
16 mm - - 90-100 -
12.5 mm - - - 90-100
10 mm 10-35 25-55 30-70 40-85
4.75 mm 0-5 0-10 0-10 0-10
2.36 mm - - -

Table-2 of IS 383-1970: Page 9

8
 8/3/2016

Graded Coarse Aggregate Is Not Available

However, SINGLE SIZED AGGREGATE IS ABAILABLE

COARSE AGGREGATES
IS SIEVE PERCENTAGE PASSING FOR SINGLE SIZED AGGREGATE OF
DESIGNATION NOMINAL SIZE
40 mm 20 mm 16 mm 12.5 mm 10 mm
80 mm
63 mm 100
40 mm 85-100 100
20 mm 0-20 85-100 100
16 mm - - 85-100 100
12.5 mm - - - 85-100 100
10 mm 0-5 0-20 0-30 0-45 85-100
4.75 mm - 0-5 0-5 0-10 0-20
2.36 mm - - - 0-5

Choose a suitable proportion of individual single sized

aggregates such that the mixed aggregates show the
desired distribution that conforms with Table -1 of IS:
383-1970

Table-2 of IS 383-1970: Page 9

FINE AGGREGATES
IS SIEVE
PERCENTAGE PASSING FOR
DESIGNATION
GRADING GRADING GRADING GRADING
ZONE-I ZONE-II ZONE-III ZONE-IV
10 mm 100 100 100 100
4.75 mm 90-100 90-100 90-100 95-100
2.36 mm 60-95 75-100 85-100 95-100
1.18 mm 30-70 55-90 75-100 90-100
600 m 15-34 35-59 60-79 80-100
300 m 5-20 8-30 12-40 15-50
150 m 0-10 0-10 0-10 0-15

Table-4 of IS 383-1970: Page 11

9
 8/3/2016

SUGGESTED RANGES OF VALUES OF WORKABILITY OF CONCRETE FOR

DIFFERENT PLACING CONDITIONS
PLACING CONDITIONS DEGREE OF VALUES OF WORKABILITY
WORKABILITY
Concreting of shallow sections with Very low 10-20 s, VEE-BEE time
vibration or
0.75-0.80,, Compacting
p g Factor

Concreting of lightly reinforced Low 5-10 s, VEE-BEE time

sections with vibration or
0.8-0.85, Compacting Factor

Concreting of lightly reinforced Medium 2-5 s, VEE-BEE time

sections without vibration or
0.85-0.92, Compacting Factor
Or
or
H
Heavily
il reinforced
i f d sections
i with
ih
25-75 mm Slump for 20 mm
vibration aggregates
Concreting of heavily reinforced High Above 0.92, Compacting Factor
sections without vibration or
75-125 mm Slump for 20 mm
aggregates

7.1 of IS 456-2000: Page 17

Table 20 of SP 23-1982
COMPARISON OF CONSISTENCY
MESUREMENTS BY VARIOUS METHODS
Workability SLUMP VEE-BEE COMPACTING
Description (mm) TIME (s) FACTOR

Extremely - 32-18 -
Dry
Very Stiff - 18-10 0.70
Stiff 0-25 10-5 0.75
Stiff Plastic 25-50 5-3 0.85

Plastic 75-100 3-0 0.90

Flowing 150-175 - 0.95

Relations between slump (in cm) and Vee-Bee (in s or Degree)

Figure 7
IS1199-1959(2004): Page 19

10
 8/3/2016

SUGGESTED RANGES OF VALUES OF WORKABILITY OF CONCRETE FOR

DIFFERENT PLACING CONDITIONS
PLACING CONDITIONS DEGREE OF SLUMP (mm)
WORKABILITY
Blinding concrete; Very low Compacting Factor
Shallow sections; 0.75-0.80
Pavements using pavers IS 1199
Mass concrete; Low 25- 75
25
Lightly reinforced sections in slabs,
beams, walls, columns;
Floors;
Hand placed pavements;
Canal lining;
Strip footings

Heavily reinforced sections in slabs, Medium 50-100

beams, walls, columns; 75-100
Slipform work;
Pumped concrete

Trench fill; High 100-150

In-situ piling tremie concrete Very High Flow measure IS 9103

7.1 of IS 456-2000: Page 17

EXAMPLE: Determine the CONCRETE MIX PROPORTION for

M25 grade and calculate the actual amount of various ingredients
required for casting the followings
1. 6 cylinders, base 150 mm diameter and axis 300 mm long
2. 6 cubes, each one is having 150 mm edge length
3 3 square prisms,
3. i base
b 100 mm side
id andd axis
i 500 mm long
l

Design Stipulations:
(Requirements)
1. Characteristic Compressive Strength (28 days) : 25 N/mm2
2. Maximum Nominal size of the Aggregates : 20 mm (Angular)
3. Degree of quality control : Good
4. Type of Exposure : Mild
5. Degree of workability in terms of Compacting Factor : 0.9

11
 8/3/2016

Graded Coarse Aggregate Test Result

Cumulative % of Mass Cumulative % Mass Passing IS:383-1970; Table-1; 20 mm

Sieve Size Retained Through Graded Distribution
40 0 100 100
20 3.5 96.5 95-100
10 67.8 32.2 25-55
4.75 97.6 2.4 0-10
2.36 100 0

TOTAL 268.9
Conforming
Fineness Modulus = 2.689

Fine Aggregate Test Result

Cumulative % Cumulative % IS:383-1970; Table-4

of Mass Mass Passing
Retained Through ZONE-I ZONE-II ZONE-III ZONE-IV
10 1.8 98.2 100 100 100 100
4.75 3.4 96.6 90-100 90-100 90-100 95-100
2.36 8.4 91.6 60-95 75-100 85-100 95-100
1.18 22.6 77.4 30-70 55-90 75-100 90-100
600 36.4 63.6 15-34 35-59 60-79 80-100
300 76 24 5-20 8-30 12-40 15-50
150 96.4 3.6 0-10 0-10 0-10 0-15

TOTAL 245
Fineness
2.45 2.71-4.00 2.11-3.37 1.71-2.72 1.35-2.25
Modulus

Fine Aggregate is conforming with ZONE-III of Table-4 of IS:383-1970

12
 8/3/2016

Calculation:

SUGGESTED VALUES OF STANDARD DEVIATION

GRADE OF CONCRETE STANDARD DEVIATION FOR DIFFERENT

DEGREE OF CONTROL IN N/mm2

M 10
35
3.5
M 15
M 20
4.0
M 25
M 30
M 35
M 40
5.0
M 45
M 50
M 55

Table 1
IS10262-2009: Page 2

13
 8/3/2016

SELECTION OF WATER CEMENT RATIO

CASE1:TestresultsforcementstrengthisNOTavailable
USEFIGURE1OFIS102621982ONPAGE7

3.1 & Figure 1

IS10262-1982: Page 7

Minimum Cement Content, Maximum Water-cement Ratio and

minimum Grade of Concrete for Different Exposures
(Maximum Nominal Aggregate Size 40mm)
Minimum Cement Maximum Free Water- Minimum Grade of
Content (kg/m3) Cement Ratio Concrete

Mild 190 0.60 -

Plain Concrette

Moderate 190 0.60 M 15

Severe 210 0.50 M 20
Very Severe 220 0.45 M 20
Extreme 230 0.40 M 25

Mild 270 0.55 M 20

orced
crete

Moderate 270 0.50 M 25

Reinfo

Severe 290 0 45
0.45 M 30
Conc

Very Severe 310 0.45 M 35

Extreme 330 0.40 M 40
Cement content prescribed in this table is irrespective of the grads of cement and it is inclusive of additions mentioned in
5.2. The additions such as fly-ash or ground granulated blast furnace slag may be taken into account in the concrete
composition with respective to the cement content and water-cement ratio if the suitability is established and as long as
the maximum amounts taken into account do not exceed the limit of pozzolona and slag specified in IS:1489 and IS:455,
respectively.
Minimum grade for plain concrete under mild exposure condition is not specified.

Table-5 of IS 456-2000: Page 20,21

14
 8/3/2016

NOMINAL MAX SAND AS % of TOTAL

SIZE OF AGGREGATE BY ABSOLUTE
AGGREGATES VOLUME
(mm)

10 208 40
20 186 35
40 165 30
Saturated surface dry aggregate

ANGULAR
Fine Aggregate (natural sand) conforming Zone II of Table 4 of IS:
3 3 97
383-1970
w/c is 0.6 (by mass)
Workability corresponding to Compacting Factor of 0.8

3.3.2 & Table 4

IS10262-1982: Page 9&10

Calculation:

15
 8/3/2016

** Design Stipulation is Different from Previous Tables **

ADJUSTMENT OF VALUES IN WATER CONTENT AND SAND

PERCENTAGE

CHANGE IN CONDITION WATER % SAND in TOTAL

CONTENT AGGREGATE
(%)
(3) For sand conforming to grading 0 +1.5 % for Zone I
Zone I, Zone III or Zone IV of Table 4 -1.5 % for Zone III
of IS:383-1970 -3.0 % for Zone IV
(2) Increase or decrease in the value of 3 % 0
Compacting Factor by 0.1
(1) Each 0.05 increase or decrease in 0 1 %
free w/c ratio
For rounded aggregate -7 %

3.3.4 & Table 6

IS10262-1982: Page 11

Calculation:

16
 8/3/2016

3.2 & Table 3

IS10262-1982: Page 9

APPROXIMATE AIR CONTENT

NOMINAL ENTRAPPED AIR
MAX SIZE OF (% of Volume of
AGGREGATES Concrete)
(mm)
10 3.0
20 2.0
40 1.0

Calculation:

17
 8/3/2016

Water Cement Fine Aggregate Coarse Aggregate

(liter) (kg) (kg) (kg)

Item No of
Items

Cylinders 6 0.03181
Cubes 6 0.02025
Prisms 3 0.018
Total 0.07006

Actual amount of ingredients

Water Cement Fine Aggregate Coarse Aggregate

18
CE 39007 Concrete Lab
Mondays/Thursdays/Fridays

Instructors:
Nirjhar Dhang (CE, Monday)
Sudhirkumar Barai (CE, Monday)

S K Bhattacharyya (CE, Thursday)

Biswanath Banerjee (CE, Thursday)

Sushanta Chakrabarti (CE, Friday)

A George (ARP, Friday)

Mix Design

1
Mix Design Methods

Minimum void method

Maximum density method
Fineness modulus method
British Mix Design
ACI Mix Design
IS Mix Design

Data Requirement

Concrete
Cement
Aggregate
Water

2
Data Requirement - Concrete

Characteristic compressive Strength (fck)

Workability desired - Compacting factor
Degree of Quality Control
Type of Exposure

Data Requirement- Cement

Specific gravity
Compressive strength of cement

3
Data Requirement - Aggregate

Maximum size of aggregate

C.A. - Specific gravity, Water absorption (%), Surface moisture,
Sieve analysis
F.A. - Specific gravity, Water absorption (%), Surface moisture,
Sieve analysis

Data Requirement - Water

Water

4
IS 2000 Clauses

In specifying a particular grade of concrete, the following information shall be

included:
Type of mix that is design mix concrete or nominal mix concrete
Grade designation
Type of cement
Maximum nominal size of aggregate
Minimum cement content (for design mix concrete)
Maximum water-cement
water cement ration
Workability
Mix proportion (for nominal mix concrete)
Exposure conditions as per Table 4 and 5 of IS 456:2000
Maximum temperature of concrete at the time of placing
Method of placing; and
Degree of supervision

IS 2000 Clauses

In appropriate circumstance, the following additional information may be

specified.

Type of aggregate
Maximum cement content and
Whether an admixture shall or shall not be used and the type of
admixture and the condition of use.

5
Mix Design Steps

Design requirements
Characteristic compressive strength at 28 dyas, fck
Maximum size of the available aggregate
Shape of coarse aggregate
Degree of workability desired, compacting factor
Degree of quality control
Type of exposure

Mix Design Steps

Test data for concrete making materials

Specific gravity of cement
Specific gravity of coarse aggregate
Specific gravity of fine aggregate
Water absorption (air dray to saturated surface dry) in coarse
aggregate, percent
Water absorption (air dray to saturated surface dry) in fine
aggregate, percent
Surface moisture - coarse aggregate
Surface moisture - fine aggregate
Compressive strength of cement at 28 days
Sieve analysis results

6
IS Codes Mix Design

IS: 10262-2009, Indian standard Concrete mix

proportioning - guidelines (First revision)
Bureau of India Standard

IS 10262
10262-1982
1982, Indian Standard
Standard,
Recommended guidelines for concrete mix
design, Bureau of India Standard

Mix Design Steps

7
8
 8/3/2016

1.TARGET MEAN STRENGTH

STANDARD DEVIATION

2. WATER-CEMENT RATIO

3. CEMENT CONTENT

4. WATER CONTENT

5. COARSE AGGREGATES

6. FINE AGGREGATES

7. CORRECTIONS FOR MOISTURE ABSORPTION

TARGET STRENGTH FOR MIX DESIGN

ACCEPTED PROPORTION OF LOW

RESULTS

1 in 5 0.84
1 in 10 1.28
1 in
i 15 1 50
1.50
1 in 20 1.65
1 in 40 1.86
1 in 100 2.33

2.1
IS10262-1982: Page 5

1
 8/3/2016

SUGGESTED VALUES OF STANDARD DEVIATION

GRADE OF CONCRETE STANDARD DEVIATION FOR DIFFERENT

DEGREE OF CONTROL IN N/mm2

M 10
3.5
M 15
M 20
4.0
M 25
M 30
M 35
M 40
5.0
M 45
M 50
M 55

Table 1
IS10262-2009: Page 2

SELECTION OF WATER CEMENT RATIO

CASE1:TestresultsforcementstrengthisNOTavailable
USEFIGURE1OFIS102621982ONPAGE7

3.1 & Figure 1

IS10262-1982: Page 7

2
 8/3/2016

CASE2:TestresultsforcementstrengthisAVAILABLE
USEFIGURE2OFIS102621982ONPAGE8

3.1 & Figure 2

IS10262-1982: Page 8

Minimum Cement Content, Maximum Water-cement Ratio and

minimum Grade of Concrete for Different Exposures
(Maximum Nominal Aggregate Size 10mm)
Minimum Cement Maximum Free Water- Minimum Grade of
Content (kg/m3) Cement Ratio Concrete

Mild 260 0.60 -

Plain Concrette

Moderate 260 0.60 M 15

Severe 280 0.50 M 20
Very Severe 290 0.45 M 20
Extreme 300 0.40 M 25

Mild 340 0.55 M 20

orced
crete

Moderate 340 0.50 M 25

Reinfo

Severe 360 0 45
0.45 M 30
Conc

Very Severe 380 0.45 M 35

Extreme 400 0.40 M 40
Cement content prescribed in this table is irrespective of the grads of cement and it is inclusive of additions mentioned in
5.2. The additions such as fly-ash or ground granulated blast furnace slag may be taken into account in the concrete
composition with respective to the cement content and water-cement ratio if the suitability is established and as long as
the maximum amounts taken into account do not exceed the limit of pozzolona and slag specified in IS:1489 and IS:455,
respectively.
Minimum grade for plain concrete under mild exposure condition is not specified.

Table-5 of IS 456-2000: Page 20,21

3
 8/3/2016

Minimum Cement Content, Maximum Water-cement Ratio and

minimum Grade of Concrete for Different Exposures
(Maximum Nominal Aggregate Size 20mm)
Minimum Cement Maximum Free Water- Minimum Grade of
Content (kg/m3) Cement Ratio Concrete

Mild 220 0.60 -

Plain Concrette

Moderate 220 0.60 M 15

Severe 240 0.50 M 20
Very Severe 250 0.45 M 20
Extreme 260 0.40 M 25

Mild 300 0.55 M 20

orced
crete

Moderate 300 0.50 M 25

Reinfo

Severe 320 0 45
0.45 M 30
Conc

Very Severe 340 0.45 M 35

Extreme 360 0.40 M 40
Cement content prescribed in this table is irrespective of the grads of cement and it is inclusive of additions mentioned in
5.2. The additions such as fly-ash or ground granulated blast furnace slag may be taken into account in the concrete
composition with respective to the cement content and water-cement ratio if the suitability is established and as long as
the maximum amounts taken into account do not exceed the limit of pozzolona and slag specified in IS:1489 and IS:455,
respectively.
Minimum grade for plain concrete under mild exposure condition is not specified.

Table-5 of IS 456-2000: Page 20,21

Minimum Cement Content, Maximum Water-cement Ratio and

minimum Grade of Concrete for Different Exposures
(Maximum Nominal Aggregate Size 40mm)
Minimum Cement Maximum Free Water- Minimum Grade of
Content (kg/m3) Cement Ratio Concrete

Mild 190 0.60 -

Plain Concrette

Moderate 190 0.60 M 15

Severe 210 0.50 M 20
Very Severe 220 0.45 M 20
Extreme 230 0.40 M 25

Mild 270 0.55 M 20

orced
crete

Moderate 270 0.50 M 25

Reinfo

Severe 290 0 45
0.45 M 30
Conc

Very Severe 310 0.45 M 35

Extreme 330 0.40 M 40
Cement content prescribed in this table is irrespective of the grads of cement and it is inclusive of additions mentioned in
5.2. The additions such as fly-ash or ground granulated blast furnace slag may be taken into account in the concrete
composition with respective to the cement content and water-cement ratio if the suitability is established and as long as
the maximum amounts taken into account do not exceed the limit of pozzolona and slag specified in IS:1489 and IS:455,
respectively.
Minimum grade for plain concrete under mild exposure condition is not specified.

Table-5 of IS 456-2000: Page 20,21

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ENVIRONMENTAL EXPOSURE CONDITIONS

Environment Exposure Conditions
Mild Concrete surface protected against weather or aggressive conditions, except those
situated in coastal area

Moderate 1. Concrete surface sheltered from severe rain or freezing whilst wet.
2. Concrete exposed to condensation and rain.
3. Concrete continuouslyy under water.
4. Concrete in contact or buried under non-aggressive soil/ground water.
5. Concrete surface sheltered from saturated salt air in coastal area.

Severe 1. Concrete surfaces exposed to severe rain, alternate wetting and drying or
occasional freezing whilst wet or severe condensation.
2. Concrete completely immersed in sea water.
3. Concrete exposed to coastal environment.

Very Severe 1. Concrete surfaces exposed to sea water spray, corrosive fumes or severe freezing
conditions whilst wet.
2. Concrete in contact with or buried under aggressive sub-soil/ground water.

Extreme 1. Surface of members in tidal zone.

2. Members in direct contact with liquid/solid aggressive chemicals

Table 3 of IS456-2000: Page 18

APPROXIMATE WATER CONTENT

NOMINAL MAX
SIZE OF
AGGREGATES
(mm)
GRAVEL WITH
gg g
Coarse Aggregates ANGULAR SUB-ANGULAR CRASHED
PARTICLES
10 208 198 188
20 186 176 166
40 165 155 145
Workability corresponding to SLUPM => 25-50 mm

Increase of water content by 3% per every 25 mm increase of SLUMP

Presence of water reducing Admixtures: Decrease water content by 5-10 %
Presence of Superplasticizing Admixtures: Decrease water content by 20 %

4.2 & Table 2

IS10262-2009: Page 2&3

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NOMINAL MAX SAND AS % of TOTAL

SIZE OF AGGREGATE BY ABSOLUTE
AGGREGATES VOLUME
(mm)

10 208 40
20 186 35
40 165 30
Saturated surface dry aggregate

ANGULAR
Fine Aggregate (natural sand) conforming Zone II of Table 4 of IS:
3 3 97
383-1970
w/c is 0.6 (by mass)
Workability corresponding to Compacting Factor of 0.8

3.3.2 & Table 4

IS10262-1982: Page 9&10

NOMINAL MAX SAND AS % of TOTAL

SIZE OF AGGREGATE BY ABSOLUTE
AGGREGATES VOLUME
(mm)

10 200 28
20 180 25
Saturated surface dry aggregate

ANGULAR Coarse Aggregate (conforming to IS:383-1970)

Fine Aggregate (natural sand) conforming Zone II of Table 4 (of
IS:383-1970)
w/c
/ is 0.35 (by
(b mass))
Workability corresponding to Compacting Factor of 0.8

3.3.3 & Table 5

IS10262-1982: Page 9&10

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** Design Stipulation is Different from Previous Tables **

ADJUSTMENT OF VALUES IN WATER CONTENT AND SAND

PERCENTAGE

CHANGE IN CONDITION WATER % SAND in TOTAL

CONTENT AGGREGATE
(%)
For sand conforming to grading Zone I, 0 +1.5 % for Zone I
Zone III or Zone IV of Table 4 of -1.5 % for Zone III
IS:383-1970 -3.0 % for Zone IV
Increase or decrease in the value of 3 % 0
Compacting Factor by 0.1
Each 0.05 increase or decrease in free 0 1 %
w/c ratio
For rounded aggregate -7 %

3.3.4 & Table 6

IS10262-1982: Page 11

NOMINAL VOLUME OF COARSE AGGREGATE PER UNIT VOLUME OF TOTAL

MAXIMUM SIZE OF AGGREGATE FOR DIFFERENT ZONES OF FINE AGGREGATE
AGGREGATE w/cisassumedtobe0.5
(mm) GRADING GRADING GRADING GRADING
ZONE-I ZONE-II ZONE-III ZONE-IV

10 0.44 0.46 0.48 0.50

20 0.60 0.62 0.64 0.66
40 0.69 0.71 0.73 0.75

PLACEMENT OF CONCRETE USING PUMPED: DECREASE CA BY 10%

Table-3 of IS 456-2000: Page 3

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APPROXIMATE AIR CONTENT

NOMINAL ENTRAPPED AIR
MAX SIZE OF (% of Volume of 3.2 & Table 3
AGGREGATES Concrete) IS10262-1982: Page 9
(mm)
10 3.0
20 20
2.0
40 1.0

3.5.1
IS10262-1982: Page 11

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EXAMPLE: Determine the CONCRETE MIX PROPORTION for

M25 grade and calculate the actual amount of various ingredients
required for casting the followings
1. 6 cylinders, base 150 mm diameter and axis 300 mm long
2. 6 cubes, each one is having 150 mm edge length
3 3 square prisms,
3. i base
b 100 mm side
id andd axis
i 500 mm long
l

Design Stipulations:
(Requirements)
1. Characteristic Compressive Strength (28 days) : 25 N/mm2
2. Maximum Nominal size of the Aggregates : 20 mm (Angular)
3. Degree of quality control : Good
4. Type of Exposure : Mild(Reinforced Concrete)
5. Degree of workability in terms of SLUMP : 100 mm

Graded Coarse Aggregate Test Result

Cumulative % of Mass Cumulative % Mass Passing IS:383-1970; Table-1; 20 mm

Sieve Size Retained Through Graded Distribution
40 0 100 100
20 3.5 96.5 95-100
10 67.8 32.2 25-55
4.75 97.6 2.4 0-10
2.36 100 0

TOTAL 268.9
Conforming
Fineness Modulus = 2.689

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Fine Aggregate Test Result

Cumulative % Cumulative % IS:383-1970; Table-4

of Mass Mass Passing
Retained Through ZONE-I ZONE-II ZONE-III ZONE-IV
10 1.8 98.2 100 100 100 100
4.75 3.4 96.6 90-100 90-100 90-100 95-100
2.36 8.4 91.6 60-95 75-100 85-100 95-100
1.18 22.6 77.4 30-70 55-90 75-100 90-100
600 36.4 63.6 15-34 35-59 60-79 80-100
300 76 24 5-20 8-30 12-40 15-50
150 96.4 3.6 0-10 0-10 0-10 0-15

TOTAL 245
Fineness
2.45 2.71-4.00 2.11-3.37 1.71-2.72 1.35-2.25
Modulus

Fine Aggregate is conforming with ZONE-III of Table-4 of IS:383-1970

Calculation:

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Calculation:

Calculation:

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Calculation:

Calculation:

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Water Cement Fine Aggregate Coarse Aggregate

(liter) (kg) (kg) (kg)

Item No of
Items

Cylinders 6 0.03181
Cubes 6 0.02025
Prisms 3 0.018
Total 0.07006

Actual amount of ingredients

Water Cement Fine Aggregate Coarse Aggregate

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