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SHORT ANSWER

1. The apparent weight of an object increases horizontal all the time but will gain vertical
in an elevator while accelerating upward. A downward velocity so its path will be
moongphaliwala sells his moongphali using vertical downward.
a beam balance in an elevator. Will he gain
more if the elevator is accelerating up?
Ans: No
[Sol. Effect will be on both side.] o g
g
2. A boy puts a heavy box of mass M on his
head and jumps down from the top of a ]
multi-storeyed building to the ground. How
much is the force exerted by the box on his 4. Is it possible for a particle to describe a
head during his free fall? Does the force curved path if no force acts on it? Does your
greatly increase during the period he answer depend on the frame of reference
balances himself after striking the ground? chosen to view the particle?
Ans: Zero, Yes Ans: No, Yes (If I move in circular path
[Sol. around the particle it will appear that the
(a) Zero, as both fall down with particle is moving in circular path around

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acceleration g downward. In the me.)
reference frame of body. [Sol.
mg N They have same acceleration g downward
jS g so at any instant there velocity is velocity is
Upward mg same. Hence, no relative velocity hence no
is pseudo force
motion.]
mg
N + mg = mg g 5. You are riding in a car. The driver suddenly
ira
N = 0. applies the brakes and you are pushed
(b) When they reaches on ground both will forward. Who pushed you forward?
have velocity and as the block is Ans: No one
stopped in small time force is exerted by
man in form of normal which is large as 6. It is sometimes heard that inertial frame of
N

time is small. reference is only an ideal concept and no


N such inertial frame actually exists.
v Comment.
Ans: Since every body in the universe
] attracts every other body, thus we cannot
find anybody whose acceleration is zero.
3. A person drops a coin. Describe the path of Therefore, no such inertial frame exists.
the coin as seen by the person if he is in (a)
a car moving at constant velocity and (b) in 7. An object is placed far away from all the
a freely falling elevator. objects that can exert force on it. A frame of
Ans: (a) moves down (b) coin stays with reference is constructed by taking the origin
him. and axes fixed in this object. Will the frame
be necessarily inertial?
v [Sol. Yes, because definition of inertial frame is
that it has no acceleration. ]
o v

v
[Sol.
If car is moving with velocity v both man
and coin will have velocity v in horizontal.
So, coin will be in rest w.r.t. man in
8. Figure shows a light spring balance 12. According to Newton's third law each team
connected to two blocks of mass 20 kg pulls the opposite team with equal force in a
each. The graduations in the balance tug of war. Why then one team wins and the
measure the tension in the spring. (a) What other loses?
is the reading of the balance? (b) Will the [Sol. T is same but friction is different.
reading change if the balance is heavy, say
2.0 kg? (c) What will happen if the spring is T
light but the blocks have unequal masses?
f1 f2 ]

13. A spy jumps from an airplane with his


parachute. The spy accelerates downward
Ans: 20 Kg, No, Yes for some time when the parachute opens.
[Sol. In case (a) and (b) spring balance will be The acceleration is suddenly checked and
rest and F.B.D. will be the spy slowly falls on the ground. Explain
20 N the action of parachute in checking the
acceleration.
T = 20
Ans: air applies force on parachute in

ir
kx = 20N
T upward direction
[Sol. Air applies force on parachute in upward
(c) T jS direction which depends on velocity when
kx = T parachute opens velocity is more so air
System will accelerate and spring force resistance is more than gravitational force
(reading) will be same as tension in the hence spy deaccelerates.]
spring.]
14. Consider a book lying on a table. The
ira
9. The acceleration of a particle is zero as weight of the book and the normal force by
measured from an inertial frame of the table on the book are equal in magnitude
reference. Can we conclude that no force and opposite in direction. Is this an example
acts on the particle? of Newton's third law?
Ans: No, but we can say that there is no net
N

Ans: No
force acting on the particle.
N
10. Suppose you are running fast in a field
when you suddenly find a snake in front of
you. You stop quickly. Which force is N
responsible for your deceleration? mg
[Sol.
[Sol. My forward velocity is decreased by Normal on book in upward direction and
friction in the backward direction.] same magnitude normal in downward
direction on table are action reaction pair.]
11. If you jump barefooted on a hard surface,
your legs get injured. But they are not
injured if you jump on a soft surface like
sand or pillow. Explain.
dP
[Sol. F = in both cases change in
dt
momentum is same but time taken to stop in
first case is less.]
15. Two blocks of unequal masses are tied by a 17. A plumb bob is hung from the ceiling of a
spring. The blocks are pulled stretching the train compartment. If the train moves with
spring slightly and the system is released on an acceleration 'a' along a straight horizontal
a frictionless horizontal platform. Are the
track, the string supporting the bob makes
forces due to the spring on the two blocks
equal and opposite? If yes, is it an example an angle tan 1 (a /g) with the normal to the
of Newton's third law? ceiling. Suppose the train moves on an
Ans: Yes, No inclined straight track with uniform
velocity. If the angle of incline is
tan 1 (a /g), the string again makes the same
[Sol. kx kx
angle with the normal to the ceiling. Can a
Yes, spring force will be same.
No, they are not action reaction pair. person sitting inside the compartment tell
Spring force on 1 block and force by by looking at the plumb line whether the
same block on spring is action reaction train is accelerated on a horizontal straight
pair.] track or it is going on an incline? If yes,
how? If no, suggest a method to do so.
16. When a train starts, the head of a standing Ans: By finding the time period of SHM

ir
passenger seems to be pushed backward.
l
Analyse the situation from the ground (a) T 2 on horizontal surface
g 2 a2
frame. Does it really go backward? Coming
jS
back to the train frame, how do you explain
the backward movement of the head on the
basis of Newton's laws?
(b) T 2
l
g cos
on incline surface.

Ans: No, Pseudo force.


ira

f
N

[Sol.
As train moves friction acts on leg but
upper portion tries to be in rest from
Newtons 1st law and hence in starting it has
lesser velocity than train so it seems moving
backward.]

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