GERUNDS AND INFINITIVES

ADMIT, APPRECIATE, AVOID, CAN'T HELP, CAN'T STAND, CONSIDER, DELAY, DENY, DETEST,
DISLIKE, ENJOY, ESCAPE, EXCUSE, FACE, FEEL LIKE, FINISH, FORGIVE, GIVE UP, HATE, IMAGINE, GERUND FORM
+
INVOLVE, LIKE, MENTION, MIND, MISS, POSTPONE, PRACTISE, PUT OFF, RECOMMEND, REGRET, -ING
RESENT, RISK, SUGGEST, UNDERSTAND.

INFINITIVE WITHOUT
CAN, COULD, MAY, MIGHT, MUST, NEED, HAD BETTER, WOULD RATHER. +
"TO"

OBJECT + INFINITIVE
FEEL, HEAR, HELP, KNOW, LET, MAKE, SEE, WATCH. +
WITHOUT "TO"

AFFORD, AGREE, APPEAR, ARRANGE, ASK, ATTEMPT, BEAR, BEGIN, CARE, CHOOSE, CONSENT,
DARE, DECIDE, DETERMINE, EXPECT, FAIL, FORGET, HAPPEN, HATE, HELP, HESITATE, HOPE,
INFINITIVE WITH
INTEND, LEARN, LIKE, LOVE, MANAGE, MEAN, OFFER, PLAN, PREFER, PREPARE, PRETEND, +
"TO"
PROMISE, PROPOSE, REFUSE, REGRET, REMEMBER, SEEM, START, SWEAR, THREATEN, TROUBLE,
TRY, WANT, WISH.

ADVISE, ALLOW, ASK, CAUSE, COMMAND, ENCOURAGE, EXPECT, FORBID, FORCE, GET, HATE,
HELP, INSTRUCT, INTEND, INVITE, LEAVE, LIKE, MEAN, NEED, OBLIGE, ORDER, PERMIT, OBJECT + INFINITIVE
+
PERSUADE, PREFER, PRESS, RECOMMEND, REQUEST, REMIND, TEACH, TELL, TEMPT, TROUBLE, WITH "TO"
WANT, WARN, WISH.

REMEMBER (the gerund is used when the action happens before the remembering; the
infinitive refers to an action that happens after), FORGET (when used with the gerund
means 'forget what you have done'; when used with the infinitive with to means GERUND OR
'forget what you have to do'), STOP (when used with the gerund means 'stop INFINITIVE WITH
+
something you do'; when used with the infinitive with to means 'stop in order to do DIFFERENCE IN
something'), TRY (when used with the gerund means make an experiment'- doing the MEANING
action may not be successful; when used with the infinitive means 'make an effort'-
the action may be difficult or impossible to do) .

GERUND OR
CAN'T BEAR/STAND, HATE, LIKE, LOVE, PREFER. When these verbs are used with the
INFINITIVE WITH
infinitive they refer to more specific situations. When they are used with the gerund, +
DIFFERENCE IN
they refer to more general situations. The difference in meaning is very slight.
MEANING

GERUND OR
BEGIN, CONTINUE, HATE, LIKE, LOVE, PREFER, START. +
INFINITIVE WITH 'TO'

ADJECTIVES + PREPOSITIONS: AFRAID OF, BAD AT, BORED WITH, CLEVER AT, FOND OF, GOOD
+ GERUND
AT, KEEN ON, INTERESTED IN, WORRIED ABOUT.

VERBS + PREPOSITIONS: APOLOGISE FOR, APPROVE OF, BE USED TO, DECIDE AGAINST, DREAM
+ GERUND
OF, GET USED TO, INSIST ON, LOOK FORWARD TO, SUCCEED IN, THINK OF/ABOUT.

PREPOSITIONS: AFTER, AS WELL AS, BEFORE, BESIDES, BY, DESPITE, IN SPITE OF, INSTEAD OF,
+ GERUND
WHILE, WITHOUT.

OBJECT +
ACCUSE OF, CONGRATULATE ON, FORGIVE FOR, PREVENT FROM, STOP FROM, SUSPECT OF,
+ PREPOSITION +
THANK FOR, WARN ABOUT.
GERUND
 PREPOSITIONS AFTER ABSTRACT NOUNS

A REASON, A DEMAND, A REQUEST, A NEED, AN OPPORTUNITY, A HOPE + FOR

AN OBSESSION, AN IDEA, A COMPLAINT, AN OPINION + ABOUT

A RISE, A FALL, AN INCREASE, A DECREASE, AN IMPROVEMENT + IN

A CAUSE, A RESULT + OF

A SOLUTION, AN ANSWER, AN INVITATION, AN ATTITUDE + TO

A RELATIONSHIP, A CONNECTION + WITH