Chemistry is a branch of science.

Chemists
study about matters including structures,
combinations and the interactions between
proportion of the substances. Chemical reactions relates to the mass and
relationships of substances and this is the heart of chemistry. Mass relationship is
the relationship between the mass and its substance in a chemical reaction. In order
to know the mass of a substance, the chemical structure of the substance is
important becaus it provides the infomation about the proportion of atom to use to
calculate mass of molecule. Chemical equation is a group of symbol which use to
represent the chemical reaction between the reactant and the product knowing this
helps to understand more about mass relationships. In this lab report we focus on
the experiment for crystal formation of Tetramethylammonium Pentaiodide (C4H12I3)
by crystalization. Crystalization is the proccess separating solid-liquid chemicals,
transfering the mass of solute in a liquid solution into a solid, crystal phase. The
objective is caculating the moles of substances when forming the crystal by using
elements in the Halogen group: Fuorine, Chlorine, Bromine, Iodine, Astatine.
50 ml. Beaker 2 weighing Papers Stirring rod Spatula Balance

Plate Laboratory Fumehood Ice bath Vacuum Filtration

 The results that we collected was determined by
using the mole calculation formula. According to the
experiment, we used 0.0025 mole of Me4NI and
0.0043 mole of Iodine as a reactant of the reaction
to produce 0.0017 mole of product which is
Me4NI5. So tretamethylammonium is the limiting reagent of the reaction and Iodine was
considered to be excess reagent of the reaction. This was because the number of moles for
tetramethylammonium is less than the number of moles for Iodine.
The crystal product, was slightly black and green in form of powder and a it had bits
of sparkle. The black colour of crystal was from the similar color of Iodine. As a result of the
experiment, the percent yield was 69.23%. The mass of both paper and glass is very
important because if we forgot to substract them from mass of our substance it will affect our
calculation.

Substance Moles Mass (g)

Tetramethylammonium 0.002478 0.5

Iodine 0.004330 1.3

Tetramethylammonium 0.001721 1.22

Pentaiodine

In conclusion, to calculate the mole of product, we

have to know the limiting reagent. This is by
calculating the mole of reactants by using the
information from the results obtained in the
experiment. The reactant that had lower number of moles was considered to be the limiting
reagent and another is considered as the excess reagent. After finding out the limiting
reagent we can calculate the mole of product. We obtained only 69.23% of
Tetramethylammonium Pentaiodide. The crystal color was blackish green which came from
the dark color of iodine.

We would need to eliminate external

factors that might influence the mass of
substances to quiver, such as, the air
conditions blowing on the weighing paper.
It caused the weighing paper to have an
unstable mass, affecting the moles of substances as a whole. Also other factors such as the
process of heating the substance in the fumehood, some mixture of tetremethylammonium,
ethanol and iodine might have evaporated by a bit, this could also affect the final percent
yield as well. Finally, during the process of suction filtration, we did not fully scrape all the
mixture onto the filter paper, which alot of the mixture was still on the sides of the beaker.
Appendices