Chapter 8

CHAPTER 8
2D MISCELLANEOUS PROBLEMS
Problem 1 : SINGLE BAY SINGLE STOREY PORTAL FRAME
(Concrete structure)
1. Geometry Creation :
New Project Select Plane Length =meters; Force=KN;

File Name=Portal Frame Next
Select Add beam Finish.
Click Snap Node/beam Edit
X-Y Plane
X Right 4m spacing 1m
Y Right 3m spacing 1m
Click (0,0), (0,3), (4,3) & (4,0) and Press Esc.
Switch off the grid by closing Snap/ Nodal beam.
Click dimension icon and verify the Geometry created.
2.Member Property :
Click General Property Define Rectangle YD=0.3 ZD=0.23

Add YD=0.35 ZD=0.23AddClose. Highlight YD=0.30 ZD=0.23 and
Select column member Assign to selected beam Assign Yes.
Highlight YD=0.35 ZD=0.23 and select beam member Assign to
selected
beam Assign Yes Close.
3. Supports :
Click Support Create Fixed Add. Highlight support 2 and select

bottom support nodes by windowing using node cursor Assign to
selected nodes Assign Yes Close De select the nodes and
change to
beam cursor.
4. Loading :
Click Load & Definition Click Load case details Add.

Primary Number 1 loading type: Dead Title: DL Add close.
Click Load case details Add.
Number 2 Loading type: Live
Title: LL Add close .
Number 3 Loading type: Wind
Title: WL Add close .
Click Load Combination Load Number: 4
Name: 1.5 (DL+LL) Normal Factor Default :1.5
Load case 1 1=1.5
Load case 2 2=1.5 Close.
Load case 1 1=1.5
Load case 1 1=1.2
Load case 2 2=1.2
Click Load case 1 Add Member Load uniform Force W1=-20 Gy
Add.
Add.
Click Load case 3 Add Nodal Load FX=5 Add.
Highlight DL=-20 and select beam member Assign to selected
beam
Assign YesClose.
Highlight LL=-10 and select beam member Assign to selected beam

Assign YesClose.
Highlight WL=5 KN/m and select node cursor and select left node at top
Assign to selected nodes Assign YesClose.
Load List:
Main menuCommandsLoading Load List (select Load combination
from
4 to 6 Load List OkClose.
6. Design :
Click Design ConcreteCurrent code :IS456 Define Parameters

Fc=30,000KN/m2 Add.
Fy main=415000KN/m2 Add
Fy sec=415000KN/m2 Add
Ratio=3% Add close.
Click Fck=30000 and select the entire structure Assign to selected
beam Assign Yes.
Click Fymain=415000 and select the entire structure Assign to
selected
beam Assign Yes.
Click Fysec=415000 and select the entire structure Assign to
selected
beam Assign Yes.
Click Ratio=3% and select the entire structure Assign to selected
beam
Assign Yes.
Click Design beam Add. Click Design column Add.
Click concrete Take off Add.
Highlight Design Beam and select beam Assign to selected beam
Assign Yes.
Highlight Design column and select column Assign to selected beam

Assign Yes.
Highlight Concrete Take off and select entire structure Assign to
Selected beam Assign YesClose.
7. Analysis :
Click Analysis/print No print Add Close.

Click post print Define commands Analysis resultsAdd Close,
Note: Save the File and Run the Program.
8. Analysis :
From Main Menu ` Analysis Run Analysis Done.

Select the member and double click on it Shear bending Close.
9. Results :
Go to post processing mode. Maximize screen. Select various loads

and see the deflections.
Click Bending Moment icon Mz
Results View valueBeam results
Bending Moment Ends Mid span

Click Shear Force Fy icon
Shear Force Ends

Click Axial Force icon FX
Axial Force Ends

Design check:
Select column Double click the column concrete design.
Check whether the column fails or not. Similarly check the beam by
double
click the beam for finding the reinforcement.
Report:
Click Report set up.
Available Selected
Input Sections
Supports
Loadings
Output Beam End Forces
Reactions
Beam max. Axial Forces
Beam Max. Moments
Beam Force Details Summary Ok
Report Preview Report.
Problem 2 : SINGLE BAY SINGLE STOREY PORTAL FRAME
(Steel structure)
Data:
Portal Frame 6.0m x 4.50m
Steel section as shown in figure
Loads as given in Figure
Load comb considered Case1 DL Case2 LL Case 3 WL in X+ve
Case 4 75% of (DL+LL+WL in X +ve)
New Project Select Plane units: Length =meters; Force=KN;

File Name=Portal Frame 2 Next
Select Add beam Finish.
Type the co-ordinates of the joints on right hand side in Nodes label in the
data area.
Joint No. X Y Z
1 0 0 0
2 0 4.5 0
3 6.0 4.5 0
4 6.0 4.5 0
Click Add beam icon. Join the respective nodes to complete the structure.
Right click Labels check Node points, Node No., Member No.
2.Member Property :
Click General Property click section Database Select Steel table

Indian
select S -shape ISHB 150Add ISMB 300 AddClose.
Highlight ISHB 150 and select vertical member Assign to selected
beam
Assign Yes.
Highlight ISMB 300 and select horizontal member (Beam) Assign to
selected beam
Assign Yes Close.
3. Supports :

bottom support
nodes by windowing using node cursor Assign to selected nodes
Assign Yes
Close De select the nodes and change to beam cursor.
4.Loading :

Load case 1 1=1.0
Name: 0.75 (DL+WL) Normal Factor Default :0.75
Load case 1 1=0.75
Name: 0.8 (DL+LL+WL) Normal Factor Default :0.8
Load case 1 1=0.8
Load case 2 2=0.8
Add.
Add.
Highlight DL=-10 and select beam member Assign to selected beam
Assign YesClose.
Highlight LL=-5 and select beam member Assign to selected beam
Assign
YesClose.
Highlight WL=45 KN and select node cursor and select left node at top
Load List:
from 4 to 6
Load List OkClose.
6. Design :
Click Design steel design current code : IS 800 Click on Selected
Parameters by
clicking the << button Ok. Select Fyld, Ratio and Track in the selected
parameters
column from Available parameters column Ok.
Click Define Parameters
Enter the value of yield strength of steel=25,000KN/m2 Add.
Click on ratio enter value =1 Add.
Click on track select 2 AddClose.
Select Fyld 25000 in steel design and select whole structure Assign
to selected
beam Assign Yes.
Similarly Assign ratio & Track parameters to all the members.
Click on Commands in Steel design-whole structure dialog box.
Click on check code Add.
Click on Take of AddClose.
Select check code in steel design-Whole Structure dialog box.
Select all members Assign Yes.
Similarly Assign Take of to all the members to all membersClose.
7. Analysis type:
Click post- print Define commands Analysis resultsAdd Close,
8.Analysis :
9.Results:
Go to post processing mode.
After Analysis, Check any member fail or not.
Select By specificationAll failed beams.
There will be no member fail.
Click Deflection.
Resultsview valueBeam resultsDisplacement Annotate.
Click Bending Moment MZ icon.
Resultsview valueBeam results Bending Moment Check Ends &
maximum
Annotate.
Click Shear Force Fy icon.
Resultsview valueBeam resultsShear Force Check Ends
Annotate.
Click Axial Force Fx icon.
Resultsview valueBeam resultsAxial Force Check Ends
Annotate.
Design check:
Select column Double click the column steel design.
Report:
Available Selected
Input Sections
Supports
Loadings
Reactions
Beam Max. Moments
Problem 3: MULTI BAY MULTI STOREY PORTAL FRAME

File Name=Multi Bay Multi storey Portal Frame Next
Select Open Structure Wizard Finish.
Change to Frame models from Truss models Select Bay Frame and
double click on
it.
Length X=7.0m No. of Bays =2 Each Bay =3.50m
Height Y=15m No. of Bays=5 Each Bay=3.0m
Width Z=0m (2D Frame) Apply Transfer Model YesClose.
Go to front view.
2. Member Property :

Add
YD=0.35 ZD=0.23AddClose. Highlight YD=0.45 ZD=0.23 Main menu
Select
Beam parallel to Y axis Assign to selected beam Assign Yes.
Highlight YD=0.35 ZD=0.23 . Main menu Select Beam parallel to
X axis
Assign to selected beam Assign Yes Close.
Select middle column and highlight YD=0.45 ZD=0.23. Click Beta angle
Beta angle
=90 AssignOK.
3. Supports :

bottom support
Assign Yes
4. Loading :

Load case 1 1=1.5
Load case 1 1=1.5
Load case 1 1=1.2
Load case 2 2=1.2
Click Load case 1 Add Member Load uniform Force W1=-40KN/m
Gy Add.
Gy Add.
FX=20 Add.
FX=15 Add.
FX=10 Add.
FX= 5 Add.
Highlight DL=-40 and select beam parallel X Assign to selected
beam
Assign YesClose.
Highlight LL=-20 and select beam parallel toX Assign to selected
beam
Assign YesClose.
Highlight WL=25 KN and select left side top most node
Assign to selected nodes Assign Yes.
Highlight WL=20 KN and select left side forth floor node
Highlight WL=15 KN and select left side third floor node
Highlight WL=10 KN and select left side second floor node
Highlight WL=5 KN and select left side first floor node
Load List:
from 4 to 6
Load List OkClose.
6. Design :
Fc=30,000KN/m2 Add.
Ratio=3% Add close.
beam
Assign Yes.
selected beam
Assign Yes.
selected beam
Assign Yes.
beam
Assign Yes.
Click concrete Take of Add.
Highlight Design Beam and select beam parallel to X Assign to
selected beam
Assign Yes.
Highlight Design column and select Beam parallel to Y Assign to
selected
beam Assign Yes.
Highlight Concrete Take of and select entire structure Assign to
selected beam
Assign YesClose.
7. Analysis Type :
8. Analysis:
9. Results:
Shear Force Ends
Axial Force Ends
Design check:
Select bottom most GF column Double click the column concrete
design.
Check whether the column fails or not. Similarly check the first floor
beam by double
Report:
Available Selected
Input Sections
Supports
Loadings
Reactions
Beam Max. Moments
Problem 4: ANALYSE AND DESIGN OF RCC PORTAL FRAME AS PER
IS1893
File Name= Portal Frame using IS1893 Next
double click on
it.
Length X=21.0m No. of Bays =5 Click Bay1 =3.0m

Bay 2=5.0m Bay 3=5.0m Bay 4=5.0m Bay 5=3.0m
Height Y=15m No. of Bays=5 Each Bay=3.0m
Width Z=0m (2D Frame) Apply Transfer Model YesClose.
Go to front view.
Add
Highlight YD=0.45 ZD=0.23 . Select Beam parallel to Y axis
Assign to
selected beam Assign Yes.
Highlight YD=0.45 ZD=0.23 . Select Beam parallel to X axis
Assign to
selected beam Assign Yes Close.
3. Supports :
bottom support
Assign Yes
4. Loading :
Click Load & Definition Click Definitions Add.
Seismic Parameter screen will appear.
Select type: iS1893-2002.
Click Generate Add.
IS1893 Seismic Parameter screen will appear.
Load case 1 1=1.5
Load case 1 1=1.5
Load case 1 1=1.2
Load case 2 2=1.2
Gy Add.
Gy Add.
FX=20 Add.
FX=15 Add.
FX=10 Add.
FX= 5 Add.
Highlight DL=-40 and select beam parallel X Assign to selected
beam Assign YesClose.
Highlight LL=-20 and select beam parallel toX Assign to selected
beam
Assign YesClose.
Highlight WL=25 KN and select left side top most node
Highlight WL=20 KN and select left side forth floor node
Highlight WL=15 KN and select left side third floor node
Highlight WL=10 KN and select left side second floor node
Highlight WL=5 KN and select left side first floor node
Load List:
from 4 to 6 Load List OkClose.
6. Design :
Fc=30,000KN/m2 Add.
Ratio=3% Add close.
beam
Assign Yes.
selected beam
Assign Yes.
selected beam
Assign Yes.
beam
Assign Yes.
Click concrete Take of Add.
Highlight Design Beam and select beam parallel to X Assign to
selected beam
Assign Yes.
Highlight Design column and select Beam parallel to Y Assign to
selected
beam Assign Yes.
Highlight Concrete Take of and select entire structure Assign to
selected beam
Assign YesClose.
7. Analysis Type:
8. Analysis :
9. Results :
Shear Force Ends
Axial Force Ends
Design check:
Select bottom most GF column Double click the column concrete
design.
Check whether the column fails or not. Similarly check the first floor
beam by double
Report:
Available Selected
Input Sections
Supports
Loadings
Reactions
Beam Max. Moments
Problem : 5 ANALYSE AND DESIGN OF SLAB, BEAM, COLUMN AND RC

WALL
OF A SPACE FRAME USING FEM
DATA:
Length =12m, Height =4.5m & Width =6.0m
Column: 230 x 450 mm
Beam : 230 x 450mm
Slab & Wall Thickness: 150mm
Factored Load on Slab :12KN/m
New Project Select space Length =meters; Force=KN;
File Name= Space Frame with RC wall Next
Select Structure Wizard Finish.
Proto type model Type Surface/plate models and Double click on quad
plate.
Choose element type as quadrilateral.
Type X,Y,Z co-ordinates for corners A,B,C,D as follows:
A: 0 0 0
B: 12 0 0
C: 12 0 6
D: 0 0 6
AB: 1 24
BC: 1 12
CD: 1 24
DA: 1 12 Apply.
Click on EditAdd/ Paste model in STAAD ProYes confirming model
transfer.
Move proto type model by 0 0 0 Ok.
Click on save in File.
Right click mouse buttonLabelsNode numbers, Beam
NumbersApplyOk.
Click on Add beam IconAdd beam between nodes 1 &2.
Click on Beam cursorSelect the beam No. 289GeometryTranslational
Repeat
X direction
No. of steps 23 default step spacing to 0.5Ok.
Select beams 289 to 312 using window.
Click on Right button of mouseClick on copy option again click right
button of
mouseclick on paste button Type Z=6Ok.
Similarly, add edge beams along Z direction.
Click on right button of mouseLabelsNode numbersswitch of beam
numbersApplyOk.
Click on GeometryRun Structure WizardChoose node type as
surface/plate
models Double click Quad Plate.
Type the co-ordinates as
A: 6 0 0
B: 6 0 6
C: 6 -4.5 6
D: 6 -4.5 0
Type bias and divisions as
AB: 1 12
BC: 1 9
CD: 1 12
DA: 1 9 Apply.
Click on file Merge model with STAAD Pro model Confirm the Model
transferYesOk Give co-ordination as 0 0 0.
Ignore duplicate nodes Click on Isometric view icon, to view whole
structure.
To create column, add button node of the column as 0 -4.5 0.
Click on add beam cursorAdd member between nodes 1 & New node.
Select newly added columnRight click of mouse click on copyagain
click right
button Paste beamsType Z=6mOkOk.
Similarly, select both the columns, copy and paste at a distance of
X=12m.
2.Member Property :
Click on CommandPlate thicknessSet material to concrete.
Specify thickness as 0.15m AddClose.
Highlight the Reference 1 in properties dialog boxAssign to
viewAssign
YesClose.
select the
material to concrete Add Close. Assign to view Assign Close.
To specify material constants:
Click on STAAD Editor IconChange the value of constants to
requirementsSaveExit. (OR)
Click on Commands Material constantsDensity
Enter Value=25 Assign to viewOk.
Similarly specify elasticity and poisson ratio.
3. Supports :
bottom support
nodes of column using node cursor Assign to selected nodes
Assign Yes
4. Loading :
Primary Number 1 loading type: none Title: DL+LL Add close.
Self weight Self weight YFactor -1Add.
Click on Plate in Load specification dialog box Enter pressure W1=-12
GY Add. Highlight W1=-12 and select top portion of slab Assign
to selected
beam Assign YesClose.
5. Design :
Click Design Concrete design select Current code as IS456 Click
on Input units
icon select Millimeter and Newton
Ok.
Select ParametersEly, Elz, Fy main, Fy sec, Max main,Max sec, Min main,
Ratio, reinft,
Torsion, Track.
Define Parameter and assign the above parameters by cursor selection to
relevant
members Change units to Meter Kilo Newton.
Click on Commandsdesign slab/ Element in the design dialog box
Add. Click on Design beam Add.
Click on design column Add. By cursor selection.
Assign the element, beam and column design
6. Analysis :
7. Analysis :
8. Results :
Go to post processing mode. Maximize screen.
Problem 6: TWO STOREYED STEEL BUILDING WITH WIND LOAD
DATA:
LENGTH :9m
HEIGHT :7m
WIDTH :8m
BEAMS: ISMB 300
COLUMNS: ISMB 200
SUPPORTS: FIXED.
New Project Select Space Length =meters; Force=KN;
File Name=Steel building with wind Next
double click on it.
Length X=9.0m No. of Bays =2 click Bay 1=4.0m Bay2 =5.0m

Height Y=7.0m No. of Bays=2 Bay 1=3.50m Bay2 =3.50m
Width Z=8.0m No. of Bays =2 Bay 1=4.0m Bay2 =4.0m
Apply Transfer Model YesClose. Select Members 12,14,17 &20 and
delete the
selected membersSave.
Go to front view .
Click on General Material in Side Menu.
Click on Create in MaterialWhole Structure dialog boxIsotropic material
dialog box
appears. Select Steel in Title box of Material Whole Structure dialog box.
Select all the
Members AssignClose.
Click on Commands Member Property Steel table Indian ISMB
300 (for
beams) Add. ISMB 200 (for Columns) Add Close.
Highlight ISMB 300 . Main menu Select Beam parallel to X axis
Assign to
selected beam Assign Yes.
Highlight ISMB 200. Main menu Select Beam parallel to Y axis
Assign to selected beam Assign Yes Close.
3. Supports :
bottom support
Assign Yes
4. Loading :
Click Load & Definition Click DefinitionWind Load Add.
Type 1Add.
Comments: wind Add.
Click type 1 Add.
Wind load Definition screen will appear.
Intensity select type: type 1
Intensity(KN/m2) Height(in m)
1.0 3.5
1.5 7.0
Add.
Click Exposures Add Exposure Factor :0.90 Add close.
Highlight the exposure and select node cursor & entire structure
Assign.
APPLY THE DEFINED WIND LOAD:
Number 1 Loading type: wind
Title: Wind X+ve Add Close.
Title: Wind X -ve Add Close.
Title: Wind Z +ve Add Close.
Title: Wind Z -ve Add Close.
Click load case detail 1Add.
Wind Load X direction Factor: 1
Y range Minimum value: 0 Maximum value : 7.0 Add Close.
Wind Load X direction Factor: -1
Y range Minimum value : 0m Maximum value :7.0m Add Close.
Wind Load Z direction Factor: 1
Y range Minimum value :0m Maximum value :7.0m Add Close.
Wind Load Z direction Factor: -1
Y range Minimum value : 0m Maximum value : 7.0mAdd Close.
Number 5 Loading type: Dead
Title: DL Add Close.
Selfweight Y =-1 Add.
Click Member Weight Floor with Y range
Enter load =-10 Y range Mini.=3.4, Max.=3.6
X range Mini.=0, Max.=4.0
Z range Mini.=0, Max.=8.0 Accept.
Enter load =-8.0 Y range Mini.=3.4, Max.=3.6
X range Mini.= 4, Max.=9.0
Z range Mini.=0, Max.=8.0 Accept.
Enter load =-8.0 Y range Mini.=6.9, Max.=7.1 Accept.
Name: 1.0 (DL+WL X+ve) Normal Factor Default :1.0
Load case 1 1=1.0
Name: 1.0 (DL+WL X-ve) Normal Factor Default :1.0
Load case 2 1=1.0
Name: 1.0 (DL+WL Z+ve) Normal Factor Default :1.0
Load case 3 1=1.0
Name: 1.0 (DL+WL Z-ve) Normal Factor Default :1.0
Load case 4 1=1.0
Load List:
Main hetmenuCommandsLoading Load List (select Load
combination from 6 to
9 Load List OkClose.
5. Design :
Click on Commands Design Steel Design Select IS 800 from
current code list
at top of the data area.
Click on Select Parameters.
Clear all selected parameters by clicking the << button Ok.
Select Fyld, Ratio and Track to the Selected Parameters column from
Available
Parameters column Ok.
Click on Define parameters.
Enter the Value of Yield strength of strength of steel=25000KN/m2 Add.
Click on Ratio Enter value =1 Add.
Click on Track Select 2 Add Close.
Select Fyld 25000 in Steel design- Whole structure dialog box.
Select all the members Assign Yes.
Similarly Assign Ratio &Track parameters to all the members.
Click on Commands in Steel design- Whole structure dialog box.
Click on Check code Add.
Click on Take of AddClose .
Select Check Code in Steel design- Whole structure dialog box.
Select all the members Assign Yes.
Similarly Assign Take of to all the members Close.
6. Analysis :
7. Analysis:
8. Results :
Go to post processing mode. Maximize screen. Select the required
load cases
ApplyOk.
Click on deflection icon to see the deflections.
Click on Bending Moment icon Mz
Axial Force Ends
Design check:
Select bottom most GF column Double click the column Steel
design.
Check whether the column fails or not. Similarly check the beam by
double click the
beam for finding the Steel design.
Report:
Available Selected
Input Sections
Supports
Loadings

Reactions
Beam Max. Moments

Chapter 8

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CHAPTER 8

New Project Select Plane Length =meters; Force=KN;

Click Support Create Fixed Add. Highlight support 2 and select

Click Load & Definition Click Load case details Add.

Click Design ConcreteCurrent code :IS456 Define Parameters

Click Analysis/print No print Add Close.

From Main Menu ` Analysis Run Analysis Done.

Go to post processing mode. Maximize screen. Select various loads

Bending Moment Ends Mid span

Shear Force Ends

Axial Force Ends

New Project Select Plane units: Length =meters; Force=KN;

Click General Property click section Database Select Steel table

Click Support Create Fixed Add. Highlight support 2 and select

Click Load & Definition Click Load case details Add.

Problem 3: MULTI BAY MULTI STOREY PORTAL FRAME

Click General Property Define Rectangle YD=0.45 ZD=0.23

Click Support Create Fixed Add. Highlight support 2 and select

Click Load & Definition Click Load case details Add.

Length X=21.0m No. of Bays =5 Click Bay1 =3.0m

Problem : 5 ANALYSE AND DESIGN OF SLAB, BEAM, COLUMN AND RC

Length X=9.0m No. of Bays =2 click Bay 1=4.0m Bay2 =5.0m

Output Beam End Forces

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