IJIRST International Journal for Innovative Research in Science & Technology| Volume 3 | Issue 04 | September 2016

ISSN (online): 2349-6010

A Study on Soil Structural Interaction of Multi

Storied Framed Structure with Different Support
Conditions
K. S. Sai Kumar Mr. M. K. M. V. Ratnam
PG Student Assistant Professor
Department of Civil Engineering Department of Civil Engineering
DNR College of Engineering & Technology Bhimavaram, DNR College of Engineering & Technology Bhimavaram,
Andhra Pradesh, India Andhra Pradesh, India

Dr. U. Ranga Raju

Professor
Department of Civil Engineering
DNR College of Engineering & Technology Bhimavaram, Andhra Pradesh, India

Abstract
The response of a structure to earthquake shaking is affected by interactions between three linked systems: the structure, the
foundation, and the soil underlying and surrounding the foundation. Soil structure interaction analysis evaluates the collective
response of these systems to a specified ground motion. The terms Soil-Structure Interaction (SSI) and Soil-Foundation-Structure
Interaction (SFSI) are both used to describe this effect in the literature. In this report, the foundation is considered part of the
structure, and the term SSI has been adopted. The present study provides systematic guidelines for determining the natural
periods of frame buildings due to the effect of soil-flexibility and identification of spring stiffness for different regular and
irregular story buildings. Specific techniques are described by which SSI phenomena can be simulated in engineering practice,
and recommendations for modelling seismic soil-structure interaction effects on building structures are provided. The study is
carried out by considering high raised building of about G+19 storied considering all the basic parameters like stiffness factors,
base shear, wind forces etc., It also studies on seismic analysis of buildings in which the stiffness is reduced for time being.
Keywords: Base Shear, Soil Structural Interaction, Displacement, Wind Forces, Relative Stiffness
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________

I. INTRODUCTION

Soil-structure interaction (SSI) analysis evaluates the collective response of three linked systems: the structure, the foundation,
and the soil underlying and surrounding the foundation. Problems associated with practical application of SSI for building
structures are rooted in a poor understanding of fundamental SSI principles. Implementation in practice is hindered by a
literature that is difficult to understand, and codes and standards that contain limited guidance. This report represents an
advancement in the state of SSI knowledge for practicing engineers. It provides a synthesis of the body of SSI literature,
distilled into a concise narrative, and harmonized under a consistent set of variables and units. Techniques are described by
which SSI phenomena can be simulated in engineering practice, and specific recommendations for modelling seismic soil-
structure interaction effects on building structures are provided. The resulting recommendations are illustrated and tested, in
detail, on realistic example buildings.

II. LITERATURE REVIEW

Koushik Bhattacharya et.al (2006), Studied the effect of soil structure interaction which was ignored in the design of a low rise
building resting on shallow foundation, ignoring such effects it may create an unsafe seismic design. Later the effect of soil
structure interaction is considered for low rise building to conducted the investigation for formulating direct design guidelines,
calculated the design spectrum based on code specified for the elastic domain. Dynamic characteristic of the building with
various numbers of storeys, bays, etc. are computed to seismic vulnerability of low rise building with isolated footing and Mat
foundation. The study attempts to identify the influence of various parameter effects to regulating the SSI of base shear and
torsional to lateral period ratio for low rise building. A number of curves forming a variation of these two parameters, these
curves help with evaluation of the effect of SSI and important to dynamic characteristic parameters for designers, at least
preliminary seismic design identify the expected vulnerability by ignoring the influenced SSI in the process of design.
Ravikumar C M et.al (2012), Addressed many buildings have irregular configurations in both plan and elevation. This in a
future earthquake subjected to devastating such type of buildings. In case, it identifies the necessary performance of the new and

All rights reserved by www.ijirst.org 158

 A Study on Soil Structural Interaction of Multi Storied Framed Structure with Different Support Conditions
(IJIRST/ Volume 3 / Issue 04/ 028)

existing structure to withstand against disaster. This paper studid the two kinds of irregularities in the structure, namely plan
irregularity with diaphragm and geometric discontinuity and vertical irregularity with sloping ground and setback. This
irregularity is framed as per IS 1893 (part 1), class 7.1 code. The considered in identifying the most vulnerable buildings, in
both linear and nonlinear seismic demands to identify the performed various analytical approaches. It is also tested by different
lateral loads for various irregular buildings with the performance of pushover analysis. Finally, the result shows that the building
capacity may be significant, but the seismic demand differs with respect to the configuration. The eccentricity between centre of
rigidity and centre of mass is differ in the absence of dual system. This study generates the awareness of seismic vulnerability in
practicing engineering.

III. EXPERIMENTAL ANALYSIS

Modeling and Analysis

The soil Flexibility effects on Frame building resting on different types of soils, viz Hard, Medium, Soft is also trying to be
studied in the present work.
Main Design Parameters of the Structure are as follows:
Soil Parameters
Table - 1
Soil Parameters
Type of Soil N Value Mass Density (Kn/m3) Vs(m/sec) Poissions Ratio (v)
Medium 20 18.5 83 0.33
Wind Parameters
Table - 2
Wind Parameters
Wind zone 2
Terrain Category 3
Class of the Structure A
Topography Float that is Upward slope < 3o
Life of the Structure 100 Years
Physical Building Parameters
Table - 3
Physical Building Parameters
Length 17 m
Width 13 m
Height 15 m
Design Wind Pressure (Pz)
The designed Wind Pressure at any height above mean ground level shall be obtained by following relationship.
Pz = 0.6 Vz2
Table - 4
Design Wind Pressure
No. of Floors Height of Floor(m) Designed Wind Pressure( PZ) in N/m2
5 15 1646.1
10 30 1966
15 45 2194.7
20 60 2395
Load Combinations
According to IS Code, the Combination of loads has been taken in to Consideration:
Table - 5
Load Combinations
Factor Load Combination
1.5 (D.L + L.L)
1.2 (D.L + L.L + WL X)
1.2 (D.L + L.L + WL - X)
1.2 (D.L + L.L + WL Z)
1.2 (D.L + L.L + WL - Z)
1.2 (D.L + L.L + SL X)
1.2 (D.L + L.L + SL Z)

All rights reserved by www.ijirst.org 159

 A Study on Soil Structural Interaction of Multi Storied Framed Structure with Different Support Conditions
(IJIRST/ Volume 3 / Issue 04/ 028)

Base Shear Calculation

Table - 6
Base Shear Calculation
Description G +4 G +9 G +14 G +19
Effective Weight(Kn) 10445.06 22005.75 33501.8 45065.3
Base Shear(Kn) 334.24 484.12 536 540

IV. EXPERIMENTAL RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS

Since the thesis studied by considering different types of Support Conditions as like Fixed Support, Pinned Support and Fixed
but Support
The following are the graphs which are developed after final calculations:
Conclusions
Fixed Supports: Displacements
Table - 7
Fixed Supports: Displacements
Fixed Supports
Storeys G+4 G+9 G+14 G+19
Displacement(MM) 3.721 12.04 24.43 105.345

Fig. 1: Displacement v/s Floods

Fixed but Supports: Displacements

Table - 8
Fixed but Supports: Displacements
Fixedbut Supports
Storyes G+4 G+9 G+14 G+19
Displacement(MM) 7.77 29.83 50.801 187.154

Fig. 2: Displacement v/s Floods

All rights reserved by www.ijirst.org 160

 A Study on Soil Structural Interaction of Multi Storied Framed Structure with Different Support Conditions
(IJIRST/ Volume 3 / Issue 04/ 028)

Pinned Supports: Displacements

Table - 9
Pinned Supports: Displacements
Pinned Supports
Storeys G+4 G+9 G+14 G+19
Displacement(MM) 4.003 12.04 24.431 105.345

Fig. 3: Displacement v/s Floods

Base Shear Graphs :

Table - 10
Load Combinations
Storyes Base Shear(Kn)
5 334.24
10 484.12
15 536
20 540.78

Fig. 4: Displacement v/s Floods

REFERENCES
[1] Bhattacharya. K, and Dutta, S.C and Rana Roy, Seismic Design Aids for Buildings incorporating Soilflexibility, Journal of Asian Architecture and
Building Engineering, November 2006, pp 341-348..
[2] Elements of Earthquake Engineering by Jai Krishna, A.R. Chandra Shekaran, Brijesh Chandra From University of Roorkie
[3] IS Code 456:2000 of Plain and Reinforced concrete. Bureau of Indian Standards ,New Delhi
[4] IS 1893 (Part 1) :2002 Criteria for Earthquake Resistant Design of Structures, part 1-General provisions and buildings, fifth revision, Bureau of Indian
Standards, New Delhi, India
[5] IS 875 Part-3 -1987 Code of Practice for Design Loads for Buildings and Structure, Bureau of Indian Standards, New Delhi, India
[6] Sekhar Chandara Dutta and Rana Roy (2002), A Critical Review on Idealization and Modeling for Interaction among Soil-Foundation-Structural System.

All rights reserved by www.ijirst.org 161