- Gas content analysis

o Wellsite canister desorption

o Clastic sedimentology
o Maturity assessment
o Desorbed gas composition
Standard volume of gas per unit weight of coal or rock
Indirect methods
o on sorption isotherm data
o empirical estimation curves of measured gas
content results plotted against other measurable
variables such as coalbed depth and coal rank
o Efforts to estimate the gas content of coalbeds
utilizing wireline geophysical logging tools have
also been attempted
Direct method (Canister desorption test) in reservoir
temperature + lost gas + residual gas (~ 40 hour per
sample)
 o US Bureau of Mines direct method
o US Bureau of Mines modified direct method
o Smith and Williams method
o Decline curve methods
o Gas Research Institute (GRI) method
o Australian standardQ3 method
o CSIRO-CET quick desorption method
Residual gas : crushing the sample smaller than a 60
mesh grain size

Proximate Analysis : to determine the moisture content, volatile
matter content, ash content, and fixed carbon content of the
coal (American Society for Testing and Materials, 1994).
ultimate analysis: provides the chemical makeup of the coal as
percentages of carbon, oxygen, hydrogen, nitrogen, sulfur, and
ash
proximate and ultimate analysis for correction
 a linear regression analysis on the results of the multiple sample
gas content measurements is performed to establish the
relationship between total gas content and the non-coal
fraction
The pure coal gas content is estimated by extrapolating the
regression line to pure coal
-
- Gas saturation
- Gas in place
o Average in situ coal density
From open hole density log data
Estimated using density of the ash, moisture, and organic (pure
coal) fractions
o Average in situ gas content
- Gas reserves
o Adsorption isotherm

o
Langmuir isotherm model
Grinding core to a fine mesh and systematically
measuring the amount of gas that the coal can store at
various pressures at reservoir temperature
Detailed reference : McLennan, et al 1995
Extended Langmuir Isotherm
BET (multilayer) theory
Freundlich isotherm
Dubinin theory of adsorption
- Reservoir thickness:
o wireline logs : open-hole density log
 o Net thinkness: Resistivity logs, well tests, production logs, or zonal
isolation tests
- Gas deliverability:
o Effective permeability
the only reliable way to accurately estimate in-situ natural
fracture system permeability : Pressure transient testing
Characteristics of CBM reservoirs must be considered in the
interpretation of the well test results: dual porosity system, two-
phase flow, stress dependent properties of coal, and multiple
seams.
Injection/falloff test: allows the use of single porosity models to
interpret the test results.
primary objective of well test: obtain estimates of the natural
fracture system pressure, permeability, and skin factor
o realistic relative permeability : History matching

cbm

Evaluation of Coalbed Methane Reservoirs

K. Aminian
Petroleum & Natural Gas Engineering Department
West Virginia University

prospective evaluation and prediction of coalbed methane production from a part of

raniganj and jharia coalfields in india

Karmakar, Bibhas
Indian School of Mines

2013

Measuring the gas content of coal: A review

William P. Diamond, Steven J. Schatzel