Factors affecting reaction rate

Concentration- is a measure of the amount of particles in a given volume. Can be

increased by either increasing the number of particles, keeping the volume the
same or decreasing the volume, keeping the particles the same.
Pressure (gases can be compressed but solid and liquids cannot.) For the reaction
between gas A and B to occur, they must collide with a sufficient energy. A collision
resulting to a reaction.
Volume decreased = increased in concentration therefore an increase in rate of
reaction.

Temperature- particles need a certain amount of energy called activation energy for
their collisions to react.
Increase in temperature = increase the average kinetic energy of the particles
therefore increase of rate of reaction
surface area-
total mass will remain the same = surface area increased therefore increase in
reaction rate

Rate Law
Rate law only depends on the reactants
Order of reactions- determines how reactants affects reaction rate. The order of a
reaction can be determined only by experiment.
Zero order- concentration doesnt affect the rate n= 0
2N2O(g) -> 2 N2(g) + O2(g)

First order-concentration affects the rate directly n=1

2N2O5(g) -> 4NO2(g) + O2(g) Rate = k[N2O5]n Rate = k[N2O5]1

Second order- concentration changes the rate to the power of 2 n=2

NO2(g) + CO(g) -> NO(g) + CO2(g)
Rate = k[NO2]n[CO]m
Trial 1 Trial 2 Reaction order
[A] =1 , rate = 1 [A] =2 , rate = 2 1st order with respect to
A
[A] =1 , rate = 1 [A] =2 , rate = 4 2nd order with respect to A
[A] =1 , rate = 1 [A] =2 , rate = 4 Zero order with respect to
A

1st order + 1st order -> 2nd order overall

Rate