International Journal of Civil Engineering and Technology (IJCIET)

Volume 8, Issue 1, January 2017, pp. 739747 Article ID: IJCIET_08_01_088

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NONLINEAR STATIC ANALYSIS

ANALYSIS OF RC BUILDING
USING ISOLATED BEARINGS
BEARINGS WITH DIFFERENT
HILL SLOPES
K. P. R. K. Sai Kumar
PG Student, Civil Engineering Department,
K L University, A.P, India

P. Sunder Kumar
Associate Professor,
Professor Civil Engineering Department,
K L University, A.P, India

ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: From field examinations over and again affirm that unpredictable
structures endure more harm than their general structures. Irregularities in measurement
influence the conveyance of firmness and impact the limit as well. METHODS/ANALYSIS:
The mass abnormalitieslities and forced on interest. Rise abnormalities have been seen to bring
about story disappointments because of non-uniform
non uniform dissemination of interest to-supply
to
proportions along the stature. Arrangement inconsistencies, then again, cause non-uniform
non
interest to-limit
limit proportions amongst the sections. In this paper the structure decided for study
is a 4 to 9 story business complex building. The building is situated in seismic zone V on a
stone soil site. Three dimensional numerical models for the same are created c in ETABS
programming. FINDINGS: For every single auxiliary component, M30 evaluation of cement
is utilized. The floor stomachs are thought to be unbending. Seismic burdens were viewed as
acting along both of the two primary bearings. Utilizing ETABS programming checking for 4
to 9 story RC structure with regular ground incline picking somewhere around 0 and 400
building what create less torsion impact for set-back
set back and venture back with sporadic setup in
even and vertical heading is displayed and brokebroke down. Furthermore, segregated bearing is
additionally utilized what oppose amid seismic tremor on building.
Key words: Setback-Step
Step back, Nonlinear Static Analysis, Base shear, Target displacement,
Hinge Status, Isolated bearing.
Cite this Article: K. P. R. K. Sai Kumar and P. Sunder Kumar,
Kumar Nonlinear Static Analysis of
RC Building using Isolated Bearings with Different Hill Slopes.
Slopes International Journal of Civil
Engineering and Technology,, 8(1), 2017, pp. 739747.
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 K. P. R. K. Sai Kumar and P. Sunder Kumar

1. INTRODUCTION
Developing expanding on a slanting territory. The expanding on an inclining landscape experiences serious
torsion under seismic tremor excitation because of impressive variety in the tallness of ground floor sections.
To settle on a choice on the security, sufficiency or to survey the genuine conduct of the structures, refined
expository strategies are required. Non straight Static (Pushover) Analysis has turned into a prominent
strategy amid the most recent couple of decades for the seismic evaluation of structure. Weakling
investigation can be executed as power controlled or uprooting controlled. In power controlled weakling
system, full load blend is connected as determined, that is, power controlled technique ought to be utilized
when the heap is known. Additionally, in power controlled sucker technique some numerical .Problems that
influence the exactness of results happen since target removal might be connected with a little positive or
even a negative parallel firmness in light of the improvement of instruments and P-delta impacts. It is the
favored instrument for seismic execution assessment of structures by the real recovery rules and codes since
it is thoughtfully and computationally basic. What's more, permits following the grouping of yielding and
disappointment on part and basic level and also the advancement of general limit bend of the structure. In this
the confined orientation are utilized as a part of which the seismic disconnection framework is to decouple
the building structure from the harming segments of the quake info movement, i.e. to keep the superstructure
of the working from retaining the seismic tremor vitality. The whole superstructure must be upheld on
discrete isolators whose dynamic attributes are uncoupled the ground movement. Some isolators are
additionally intended to add generous damping. Relocation and yielding are gathered at the level of the
separation gadgets, and the superstructure carries on particularly like an unbending body. B.G.Birajdar , S.S.
Nalawade displayed the outcomes got from seismic examination performed on three distinctive
configuration.viz., Step back building, Setback building, Step back-Setback building. 3-D investigation
including torsional impact has been done by utilizing reaction range technique. It has been found that mix of
stepback-setback building was less influenced by torsion when contrasted with stepback building. Thus they
watched that Stepback-Setback structures are observed to be more reasonable on slanting ground. N.
Jitendrababu, K.V.G.D Balaji and S.S.S.V Gopalaraju had finished up A symmetric 3 stunned structure can
oppose 70% more base shear than that of a lopsided 3 amazed structure up to flexible limit. The base shear
opposed by the Asymmetric 1 amazed expanding on slanting ground for a greatest removal up as far as
possible is 24% more than that of the base shear opposed by hilter kilter expanding on plain Ground. The
structure with vertical anomaly is more basic than a structure with arrangement abnormality. Mohammed
Umar, A.V.Kulkarni, Nayeemulla, Inamdarhas displayed a survey that Buildings laying on inclining ground
have more parallel uprooting contrasted with structures on plain ground and the nearness of Shear divider
diminishes the horizontal dislodging. The nearness of shear divider impacts the general conduct of structures
when subjected to horizontal powers. Parallel relocations and story floats are impressively decreased while
commitment of shear divider is considered. The quantities of Plastic pivot development in structures on
slanting ground are more in longitudinal bearing when contrasted with transverse heading in view of the
impact of asymmetry along longitudinal course. The execution of the structures on inclining ground proposes
an expanded weakness of the structure with arrangement of section pivots at base level and bar pivots at
every story level at execution point.

1.1 PLASTIC HINGE

Plastic pivots are disappointment focuses at which the revolution achieves unendingness, there by
which the auxiliary part comes up short bringing about basic breakdown. In this weakling
investigation the goal is to find this pivots in earth shake holding auxiliary individuals for various
incremental burdens formation of Plastic hinge in Building When it is subjected to Pushover.

1.2 Plastic Hinge Mechanisms

Plastic pivot developments for the three building systems have been gotten at various removals levels.
The pivoting examples are plotted in figures 2, 3 and 4. Correlation of the figures 2, 3and 4 uncovers

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 Nonlinear Static Analysis of RC Building using Isolated Bearings with Different Hill Slopes

that the examples for the three building are entirely comparative. Plastic pivots development begins
with bar closures and base segments of lower stories , then spreads to upper stories and proceed with
yielding of inside middle of the road sections
sections in the upper stories. Be that as it may, since yielding
happens at occasions B, IO and LS individually, the measure of harm in the three structures will be
restricted.

Figure 1 Configuration of plastic Hinges in Building at what time it is subjected to Pushover Plastic Hinge
Mechanisms

Figure 2 Hinges patterns 5 story building for different displacements levels

4-BAY 00 BAY 16.320

4-BAY 4-BAY 21.580 4-BAY 26.560 4-BAY 31.560

Figure 3 Buildings on sloping grounds with different sloping angles

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 K. P. R. K. Sai Kumar and P. Sunder Kumar

DRIFTS

4
4-BAY when we use only fixed supports

4
4-bay when we are using isolated bearing

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 Nonlinear Static Analysis of RC Building using Isolated Bearings with Different Hill Slopes

Figure 4 BAY DISPLACEMENTWHEN WE USE FIXED SUPPORTS

1.3 BASE ISOLATION

Base detachment is a standout amongst the most effective instruments of quake designing relating to
the aloof auxiliary control advancements. It is intended to empower a building or non-building
non
structure to survive a possibly annihilating seismic effect through
through a legitimate starting outline or
ensuing changes. At times, use of base seclusion can raise both a structure's execution and its seismic
supportability impressively.

1.4 DESCRIPTION OF STRUCTURES.

The structure picked is of sort misfortune step back which is 4 to 9-storied
storied with various slope inclines
differing from 0 to 40 degrees..The nearness of unexpected decrease of the parallel measurement of
the working at particular levels of the rise. This building classification is known as 'difficulty and
venture
re back building'. The structure picked material in which is subjected to less torsion impact.

2. OBJECTIVES:
The goal of this work is to think about the direct, nonlinear conduct and execution of building edge
on inclining ground relies on upon different slope slants of rock soil and number of stories. The target
of study is as per the following:
1. To study the variety of base shear, uprooting, floats as for variety in different slope inclines of rock soil.
2. To study the objective uprooting, execution i.e. plastic pivots arrangement in different bumpy inclines.
What's more, finding the point that subjected to less torsion and which is sheltered in expanding the
stature of building.
3. An separated bearing is additionally used to diminish that seismic tremor impactim on the building and
discovering pivots when it is subjected to sucker investigation

3. METHODOLOGY
Static investigation techniques are comprehensively named straight static and nonlinear static
examination .In direct static investigation will create the impact of the higher methods of vibration and
the genuine conveyance of powers in the flexible reach i.e, which the reaction of building is accepted
as direct versatile way .This examination is done according to IS1893-2002(Part
IS1893 2002(Part-1) Nonlinear static
examination
mination is a changeover direct static and direct element examination as in it permits the inelastic

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 K. P. R. K. Sai Kumar and P. Sunder Kumar

conduct of the structure .The nonlinear investigation of a structure is an iterative methodology .It relies
on upon the last dislodging ,as the successful damping relies on upon the hysteric vitality misfortune
because of inelastic misshapenness h thus relies on upon the last uprooting .This makes the
investigation system iterative. Trouble in the arrangement is confronted close to a definitive burden, as
thee solidness framework now gets to be negative positive because of flimsiness of the structure turning
into a component. Programming accessible to perform nonlinear static investigation as
ETABS,(Extended Three Dimensional Building System) and Structural Analysis An Program limited
component program that works with complex geometry and screen distortions at all pivots to decide
extreme misshappening.
shappening. It has worked in defaults for ACI 318 material properties and ATC-40and
ATC
FEMA 273 pivot properties. Additionally it has ability for inputting any material or pivot property.
ETABS 9.7 manages the structures as it were. The investigation in ETABS 9.7 includes the
accompanying four step.1) Modeling.2) Static examination, 3) Designing, 4) Pushover investigation
Steps utilized
ilized as a part of performing.

Figure A Diagram demonstrates the bend Force V/s. Twisting

1. Point A relates to emptied condition.
2. Point B speaks to yielding of the component.
3. The ordinate at C relates to ostensible quality and abscissa at C compares
compares to the disfigurement at which
noteworthy quality corruption starts.
4. The drop from C to D speaks to the underlying disappointment of the component and imperviousness to
horizontal loads past point C is normally untrustworthy.
5. The remaining resistance from D to E permits the edge components to maintain gravity loads. Past
point E, the greatest disfigurement limit, gravity burden can never again be managed.

4. RESULTS FROM LINEAR STATIC ANALYSIS

The storey drift in any storey should be a minimum partial load factor of 1shall not exceed 0.004times
the storey height.
In the 4th storey when the structure was in the normal condition the maximum target
displacement(119mm) and the maximum base shear (535.36kn) has been decreased when the isolated
bearings are introduced to the structure , hence the maximum target displacement (109mm)
(109mm and
maximum base shear (533kn)
In the 5th storey when the structure was in the normal condition the maximum target displacement
(130mm) and the maximum base shear (682kn) has been decreased when the isolated bearings are
introduced to the structure , hence
hence the maximum target displacement (119mm) and maximum base
shear (681.05kn)

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 Nonlinear Static Analysis of RC Building using Isolated Bearings with Different Hill Slopes

Table 1 Detailed data of buildings

General details of building
No of Storey 4 to 9
Storey Height Floor to Floor Height=3.5mts
Plinth Height=1.75mts
Building frame system OMRF
The concrete floors are modeled as Rigid
Building use Commercial Building
Foundation type Stepped
Seismic Zone V
Soil Type ROCK
Material Properties
concrete grade M30
Steel grade 415N/mm2
Youngs Modulus of M40 concrete, E 5000fck
Density of concrete 25kN/m3
Poisons ratio (of concrete) 0.2
Density of Brick masonary 20 KN/m3
Structural members
Thickness of Slab 0.15mts
All beam Size For 4 storied=0.23*0.45mts
For 5 storied=0.30*0.45mts
All Column Size For 4 storied=0.23*0.50mts
For 5 storied=0.30*0.50mts
Thickness of wall Full brick wall=0.230mts
Half brick wall=0.115mts
Assumed Dead load intensities
Floor finishes 1.5KN/m3
Live load 3KN/m3
as per Clause 7.3.1 and 7.3.2 of IS 1893 of Earthquake LL slab (part-1)-2002
Roof No load on roof
Floor 0.25 x 3.0 = 0.75kN/m2

EARTHQUAKE PARAMETERS
Time period T 0.09h/d
Importance factor 1
Sa/g 1/T,2.50
Response Reduction Factor 3
LOAD CASES FOR PUSHOVER ANALYSIS
Pushover Names Loads Controlled by
cases
1 Gravity DL+0.25LL Forces
2 PUSH X EQX Displacements
3 PUSHY EQ Displacements

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 K. P. R. K. Sai Kumar and P. Sunder Kumar

Table 2 Results from Nonlinear Static Analysis

X-Direction
TARGET BASESHEAR PERFORMANCE
MODELS NO OF HINGES
DISPLACEMENT(mm) (KN) LEVEL
4-Bay 00 128 546.409 LS-CP 382
16.320 96 612.650 LS-CP 330
21.580 101 596.305 C-D 304
26.560 115 555.25 C-D 286
31.560 119 535.36 C-D 276
Isolated bearing 4- 116 548.20 LS-CP 343
Bay 00
16.320 86 610.650 LS-CP 303
21.580 93 595.305 LS-CP 288
26.560 105 555.20 LS-CP 261
31.560 109 533.32 LS-CP 253
MODELS TARGET BASESHEAR PERFORMANCE NO OF HINGES
DISPLACEMENT(mm) (KN) LEVEL
5-Bay 00 141 646.88 LS-CP 474
0
16.32 114 703.851 LS-CP 422
21.580 121 702.473 D-E 396
0
26.56 128 690.58 D-E 391
0
31.56 130 682.26 D-E 380
Isolated bearing 5- 128 646.88 LS-CP 427
Bay 00
16.320 104 703.851 LS-CP 380
0
21.58 111 702.473 LS-CP 365
26.560 117 690.58 C-D 358
0
31.56 119 681.05 C-D 346

5. CONCLUSIONS
1. The execution of fortified solid casings was researched utilizing the weakling examination
2. From this examination the perceptions are as the edge of incline builds base shear increments and
uprooting diminishes.
3. The base shear acts more in longitudinal course than in transverse heading.
4. It is watched that left sections, which are on the higher side of the inclining ground and are short, are
generally influenced. Extraordinary consideration is required while planning short sections.
5. These perceptions are decreased i.e relocation, floats and the vast compels it can oppose when we are
utilizing detached heading at backings at it shifts upto about 10% .
6. From nonlinear investigation as the slant expands no of pivots will diminishes.
7. From this we watched that for 16.32, 21.58, 26.56, 31.56 degrees are sheltered upto 5-straight .But as
the inlet expands all the more no of pivots are to be shaped and subjected to fall locale.
8. When we utilize segregated orientation we can build the structure upto 6 to 7 sound for these points and
disappointment stage is additionally lessened.
9. In static direct investigation we watched that as the point of incline builds story shear declines and base
shear diminishes
10. As the point of incline expands removal and floats diminishes.

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 Nonlinear Static Analysis of RC Building using Isolated Bearings with Different Hill Slopes

11. Form the above results we observed that plastic limit are less in case of structures laying on sloping
ground as the inclination increases. The beams and columns which are in LS-CP state require
retrofitting.

REFERENCES
[1] ATC-40: Seismic Evaluation and Retrofit of Concrete Buildings.
[2] FEMA-356: Prestandard and Commentary forthe Seismic Rehabilitation of the Buildings.
[3] Nonlinear static pushover analysis of irregular space frame structure , Govind M1, Kiran K.
Shetty2, K. Anil Hegde3 1M. Tech Final Year (Structures), Department of civil engineering, M.I.T
Manipal, Karnataka, India 2Associate Professor (senior scale), Department of civil engineering,
M.I.T Manipal Karnataka, India 3Senior Structural Consultant, Vimal Anil Structural Consultants,
Mangalore, Karnataka, India
[4] A Performance study and seismic evaluation of RC frame buildings on sloping ground Mohammed
Umar Farooque Patel1, A.V.Kulkarni2, Nayeemulla Inamdar3 1(Asst Professor, Civil Engineering
Department, BLDE EnggCollege,Bijapur, India) 2(Professor Civil Engineering Department, BLDE
Engg College, Bijapur, India) 3(Asst Professor, Civil Engineering Department, BLDE
EnggCollege,Bijapur, India)
[5] Seismic Analysis of Buildings Resting on Sloping Ground with Varying Number of Bays and Hill
SlopesDr. S. A. Halkude1, Mr. M. G. Kalyanshetti2, Mr. V. D. Ingle3 (Civil Engg. Dept. W. I. T.
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2k.V.G.D Balaji& 3s.S.S.V Gopalaraju1assistant Professor, K L University, Guntur, India
2professor, Gitam University, Visakhapatnam - 530 045, Andhra Pradesh, India 3professor & Head
Gitam University, Hyderabad, India
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