Ambahan

Ambahans inscribed on plants in a bamboo grove [Source: Antoon Postma]

The ambahan is the traditional poetry of the Hanunuo Mangyans of Oriental Mindoro. It is
usually written on bamboo in the Surat Mangyan, a centuries-old pre-Spanish script. The
syllabic script and the ambahan poetry have complemented each other, contributing to their
continued existence today.

Reproduced here are three extracts from the work of Antoon Postma, anthropologist and
Mangyan historian, and an ambahan anthology arranged according to the Hanunuo-
Mangyan lifecycle.
Nail care tools and equipment

1. 1. NAIL CARE TOOLS and EQUIPMENT By: ms_purpleblood

2. 2. TOOLS are the Articles used in any nail care service which are durable or
permanent and are hand-held. Tools are also referred to as
3. 3. Callous Remover is a tool designe d to strip off calluses and corns.
4. 4. Cuticle Nail Pusher is a tool used to push back and loosen the
5. 5. Cuticle Nipper is an impleme nt used to cut the cuticles.
6. 6. Cuticle Scissor is an impleme nt to cut stubborn cuticles.
7. 7. Finger or Manicure Bowl is a small bowl used for soaking the fingers to soften
the cuticles.
8. 8. Foot file is made of metal or sandpaper, with a rough file on one side to
remove calluses and a fine file on the other to smoothen the
9. 9. Foot Spa Basin is a large rectangular container used for bathing and soaking
the feet when giving a pedicure.
10. 10. Manicure Tray is a flat container where all the necessary tools and
implements are placed for use by the
11. 11. Manicure Nail Brush is a plastic handled brush with nylon bristles used to
clean dirt and cosmetic residue from
12. 12. Mixing bowl is a small open-top, rounded cup-like container used for mixing
the aromatic oils and other fluids for
13. 13. Nail Buffer used for smootheni ng and polishing the nails.
14. 14. Nail Cutter / Nail Clipper / Nail Trimmer is a hand tool made of metal used to
trim fingernails and
15. 15. Nail File used to shape the free edges of the nail with the coarse side and
bevel the nail with the finer side..
16. 16. Orangewood Stick is an implement with pointed and rounded ends to
17. 17. Pedicure Nail Brush is a tool used to remove cosmetics and cleanse nails.
18. 18. Plastic Container for Cotton is a small receptacle where cotton balls are put.
19. 19. is a tyPpeu omf vioclcean Sic tone rock, which is actually frothy lava solidified
to form a porous rock to remove dry and annoying skin of the feet as well as
calluses.
20. 20. is a flSatu pply Tray container that holds the necessary cosmetics and
21. 21. Trolley a wheeled cart that is pushed by hand and used for transporting
manicuring and pedicuring tools and materials.
22. 22. MATERIALS are the cosmetics and supplies that are consumed and should be
replaced from time to time. They are also called consumables.
23. 23. is an Alcohol organic compoun d used as sanitizer.
24. 24. Antiseptic Solution is an agent that reducesor prevents the multiplication of
microorganis ms.
25. 25. is an outeAr pron protective garment that covers primarily the front of the
body to protect clothes from
26. 26. Assorted Colored Nail is a lacquePro lish applied on fingernails and toenails to
decorate and/or protect the nail plate.
27. 27. is a clBeaar lsayeer oCf oat polish applied to the nail plate before the
application of colored Polish to smoothen surface for color and promote healthier
28. 28. Benzalconium Chloride is a yellow-white powder prepared in an aqueous
solution used as surface disinfectant and topical antiseptic.
29. 29. Bleaching Soap is a soap formulate d to whiten the skin.
30. 30. is a thCinl ing Wrap plastic film used for sealing the paraffin during a hand
spa.
31. 31. Cotton is a soft white downy fiber for dubbing or cleaning the nails and
removing nail polish.
32. 32. Cuticle Oil is a mixture of fats and waxes containing lanolin and petroleum
base to soften and lubricate the skin around the nails.
33. 33. isC au litqiucilde Remover used to soften nail cuticles and prepare them to be
cut.
34. 34. is a wEoomdeen,r syan bd oard paper-like stick with a fine texture on one
side and a coarse texture on the other side used to gently grind down the edges
of the nails.
35. 35. is a Solvent substance used to thin out the nailpolish when it has thickened.
36. 36. Toe Nail is a softS meatepriaal rator where toes are inserted to keep them
apart to prevent a freshlypainted toenail from staining another toe.
37. 37. Top Coat is a clear nail polish applied to the nails after the colored polish to
protect it from scratches and chips, it makes nails harder and keep them looking
shiny.
38. 38. is an Towel absorbent cloth for drying the hands and feet.
39. 39. EQUIPMENT are the items which are more or less durable and permanent
needed for a particular activity or purpose.
40. 40. Chairs are seats with back support which have four legs and some have rests
for the arms.
41. 41. Machine is an electronic gadget used for soaking, bathing and massaging the
feet during a foot spa.
42. 42. Foot Spa Stool is a simple seat with three or four legs designed to provide
comfort and elevation during a foot spa.
43. 43. Hand Spa Machine is an electronic gadget used to soothe pain of arthritis,
muscle spasms and dry cracked skin of the hands..
44. 44. Manicurists Chair is the adjustable upholstered seat fitted over a metal or
chrome.
45. 45. Manicure Table is a furniture especially designed for giving manicure. Usually
it has a Laminated plastic surface and a drawer for storing materials. It is often
fitted with ball caster for easy mobility.
46. 46. Sterilizer is an equipment in a salon used for sterilizing Metal implements to
kill micro-organisms.
47. 47. Timer is a device that can be preset to start or stop something at a given
time.
Recommended

Nail care
 Ako Si Jho

Manicure introduction
Becky_

Answers
Relevance

Best Answer: The continent of Asia has five physical divisions:-

1. The Northern Lowlands, made up of the Siberian Plain and the Turan Plain
2. The Central Mountain Belt..a complex system of fold mountains and plateaus.The mountains radiate
from the Pamir Knot and have intermontane plateaus and basins in between them.Some of the notable
ranges are The Himalayas, the Kunluns, the Hindukush, the Zagros , the Pontic ranges etc.The plateaus
of Tibet, Iran and Mongolia are some of the intermontane plateaus.
3. The Southern Plateaus, made of old , hard, crystalline rocks....namely the plateaus of Arabia, the
Deccan ,and, the Shan and Yunnan plateaus.
4.The Great River Valleys...made of vast stretches of fertile alluvium...they include the valleys of Tigris-
Euphrates, the Indus, The Ganga -Brahmaputra and the Chinese rivers,,,the Huang Ho, the Yangtze and
the Sikiang.
5.The Island Festoons of the East..including the Kurile islands, the Japanese Archipelago, Taiwan, the
Philippines and Indonesian islands.\

What is the geography of Asia?

Asia: Physical Geography. Asia is the largest and most populous continent, home to
the largest (Russia) and most populous (China) nations. Asia is the largest of the
world's continents, covering approximately 30 percent of the Earth's land area.

How many regions are there in Asia?

Asia itself is commonly divided into 5 regions: East Asia, Southeast Asia, South Asia,
Central Asia and West Asia.

How long is Asia?

 Asia is the largest continent on Earth. It covers 8.8% of the Earth's total surface area (or
30% of its land area), and has the largest coastline, at 62,800 kilometres (39,022 mi).

What are the boundaries of Asia?

The most commonly accepted boundaries place Asia to the east of the Suez Canal,
the Ural River, and the Ural Mountains, and south of the Caucasus Mountains and the
Caspian and Black Seas. It is bounded on the east by the Pacific Ocean, on the south
by the Indian Ocean and on the north by the Arctic Ocean.

Holistic Health is actually an approach to life. Rather than focusing on

illness or specific parts of the body, this ancient approach
to health considers the whole person and how he or she interacts with
his or her environment. It emphasizes the connection of mind, b The
Growing Child: Adolescent (13 to 18
Years)
How much will my adolescent grow?
The teenage years are also called adolescence. Adolescence is a time for growth spurts
and puberty changes. An adolescent may grow several inches in several months
followed by a period of very slow growth, then have another growth spurt. Changes with
puberty (sexual maturation) may occur gradually or several signs may become visible at
the same time.

There is a great amount of variation in the rate of changes that may occur. Some
teenagers may experience these signs of maturity sooner or later than others.
ody, and spirit.

Sexual and other physical maturation that occurs during puberty is a result of hormonal
changes. In boys, it is difficult to know exactly when puberty is coming. There are
changes that occur, but they occur gradually and over a period of time, rather than as a
single event. While each male adolescent is different, the following are average ages
when puberty changes may occur:

Beginning of puberty: 9.5 to 14 years old

First pubertal change: enlargement of the testicles

Penis enlargement: begins approximately one year after the testicles begin
enlarging
 Appearance of pubic hair: 13.5 years old

Nocturnal emissions (or "wet dreams"): 14 years old

Hair under the arms and on the face, voice change, and acne: 15 years old

Girls also experience puberty as a sequence of events, but their pubertal changes
usually begin before boys of the same age. Each girl is different and may progress
through these changes differently. The following are average ages when puberty
changes may occur:

Beginning of puberty: 8 to 13 years

First pubertal change: breast development

Pubic hair development: shortly after breast development

Hair under the arms: 12 years old

Menstrual periods: 10 to 16.5 years old

There are specific stages of development that both boys and girls go through when
developing secondary sexual characteristics (the physical characteristics of males and
females that are not involved in reproduction such as voice changes, body shape, pubic
hair distribution, and facial hair). The following is a brief overview of the changes that
occur:

In boys, the initial puberty change is the enlargement of the scrotum and testes.
At this point, the penis does not enlarge. Then, as the testes and scrotum continue to
enlarge, the penis gets longer. Next, the penis will continue to grow in both size and
length.

In girls, the initial puberty change is the development of breast buds, in which
the breast and nipple elevate. The areola (dark area of skin that surrounds the nipple of
the breast) increases in size at this time. The breasts then continue to enlarge.
Eventually, the nipples and the areolas will elevate again, forming another projection on
the breasts. At the adult state, only the nipple remains elevated above the rest of the
breast tissue.

Pubic hair development is similar for both girls and boys. The initial growth of hair
produces long, soft hair that is only in a small area around the genitals. This hair then
becomes darker and coarser as it continues to spread. The pubic hair eventually looks
like adult hair, but in a smaller area. It may spread to the thighs and, sometimes, up the
stomach.
 Pang-ugnay- Ang Pang-ugnay ay mga salitang nagpapakita ng relasyon ng dalawang yunit sa
pangungusap, maaaring salita, dalawang parirala o ng dalawang sugnay.

Mga Pang-ugnay (Connectives)

a. Pangatnig (conjunction) - mga salitang nag-uugnay ng dalawang salita, parirala o sugnay

b. Pang-angkop (ligature) - mga katagang nag-uugnay sa panuring at salitang tinuturingan

c. Pang-ukol ( preposition) - mga salitang nag-uugnay sa isang pangngalan sa iba pang salita

May tatlong pang-ugnay sa Wikang Filipino. Ito ay ang mga sumusunod:

1. Pang-angkop ito ay ang mga katagang nag-uugnay sa at salitang tinuturingan. Ito ay

nagpapaganap lamang ng mga pariralang pinaggagamitan. May dalawang uri ng pang-angkop.

a. Ang pang-angkop na na ay ginagamit kapag a ng unang salita ay natatapos s katinig maliban sa n.

Hindi ito isinusulat ng nakadkit sa unang salita. Inihihwalay ito. Nagigitnaan ito ng salita ng panuring.
b. Ang pang-angkop ng ng ay ginagamit kung ang unang salita at nagtatapos sa mga patinig. Ikinakabit ito
sa unang salita.

Kapag ang unang salita naman ay nagtatapossa n tinatanggal o kinakaltas ang n at ikinakabit ang ng

2. Pang-ukol ito ay isang uri ng pang-ugnay na nagsasaad ng kuagnayan ng pangngalan o panghalip

sa ibang salita sa pangungusap.
Halimbawa:
Para sa, ukol sa, laban sa, alinsunod sa, labag sa, ayon sa, para kay/kina, ukol kay/ kina

3. Pangtanig ito ay bahagi ng salitang nag-uuganay ng isang salita o kaispan sa isa pang salita o
kaisipan sa isang pangungusap.

a. Pamukod ginagamit upang itangi ang isa sa isa pang bagay.

b. Paninsay o pasalungat ginagamit kung nagsasaaad ng pagsalungat
Halimbawa:
Subalit, datapwat, bagamat
c. Panubali o Panlinaw nagsasaaad ng panubali o pasakali.
d. Pananhi tumutugon sa tanong na bakit, nagsasaaad kadakilaan
Halimbawa:
Sapagkat, dahil sa, palibahasa

Hinese
susi - sosi
siopao - shio pao
mami - ma-mi
ditse - di-chi
instik - in-chiak (his uncle)
Spanish:
silya-silla
mesa-mesa
lapis-lapiz
kuwarderno-cuaderno
papel-papel
guapo/a-guapo/a
kabayo-caballo
karne-carne
sige-sigue
baka-vaca
kalye-calle
kalsada-calsada
tonto/a-tonto/a
****-****
kuba-cuba
pisara-pizarra
tisa-tisa
pulgas-fulgas
kotse-coche
panyo-pano (ene ang spelling)
palabra de honor
cargo de conciencia
amor propio
atras-atras
para-para (for)
para-para (when stopping the car)
pero-pero (because)
medyo-medio
kumusta-como esta
bueno-bueno
aber-aver (let's see)
adios-adios
mano-mano (hand)
kuwelyo-cuello (neck)
pitso-pecho (breast)
menudo
adobo
caldereta
bintana-ventana
puerta-puerta (door)
labi-labio
kamiseta
calzoncillo
sapatos-z

In 1993, she completed a comparative study on some indigenous songs of the

Cordillera. Included in her research were five ethnic songs of Kalinga -- Ay, Ay
Salidummay, Dakami a Tingguian, Oggayam, Owwawi, and Sowi-i. Below are the
musical and social descriptions of each song:

1. Ay'Ay Salidummay

Musical Characteristics: Seven-tone scale, key of Fb major, wide range, statis-

stepwise-skipwise motion, 2/4 time signature, moderate tempo, monophonic,
strophic, ternary, round song and neumatic-syllabic setting.

Social Characteristics: Salidummay tunes have been harmonized and popularly

sung in Kalinga. Ay'Ay Salidummay is an entertainment song presented during
social gatherings as a chorus in three parts and as a round song. It expresses a
positive attitude of the Kalingas toward adversities in life.

Ay'Ay Salidummay

Notation: ANATALIA MAGKACHI SABOY,

sung by PORTIA SABOY-BANGANAN, et al.
 Ay ay salidummay, salidummay diway (no meaning)

Dong-dong-ay si dong-i-lay (no meaning; dong-i-lay, is a name of a weed that

happens to fit the rhyming)

Insinali dum-ma-ay

Ay, ay, salidummay, salidummay diway

Itako manlaglagsak (lets be merry)

Uray adu un ligat (despite our many hardships)

Elallay, elallay (no literal meaning)

Kaykayngan mabaybay-an (its a pity to neglect)

Ugali kapintasan (a traditional so beautiful)

No ay,ay, no ay, ay (no meaning)

Lagsak intay ipap-papas (lets enjoy life to the fullest)

Kasta koma ti panagbiag (thats how we should live)

Lilallay, lilalilallay (no meaning)

Dong-dong-ay si dong-i-lay

Insinali dumma-ay

LIlallay, lilallay, lilalilay

Dummay diway
apatos