SS8H2abc SUMMARY: COLONIAL HISTORY OF GEORGIA

TOMOCHICHI MARY MUSGROVE JAMES OGLETHORPE

SS8H2a Explain the importance of James Oglethorpe, the Charter of
1732, reasons for settlement (charity, economics, and defense),
Tomochichi, Mary Musgrove, and the city of Savannah.

King George II of England granted The Charter of 1732 to

James Oglethorpe and 20 other Trustees to settle Georgia as
the 13th colony. The charter outlined who will govern the
colony (the trustees); for how long (21 years); where the
colony is to be located (lands between Savannah and Altamaha
Rivers); and what rules colonists could and could not do,
which are listed below. The colony of Georgia would be Tomochichi was a Mary Musgroves James Oglethorpe played a
designed differently than the previous 12 royal colonies. Yamacraw Indian Chief who mother was Creek significant role in persuading
signed the Treaty of Savannah Indian. Her father the monarch of England
which provided land to the was an English King George II
CHARITY ECONOMICS DEFENSE colonists (Yamacraw Bluff) trader. She played to create a colony in
This reason for colonizing The economic policy of thatfor
A major reason would later turn into the an important role Georgia. He was the Resident
Georgia involved giving mercantilism was another colonial
colonizing Georgia was capital
to of Georgia in Georgia Trustee of the Georgia colony
some of Englands worthy reason for colonizing protect the other the city of Savannah. The
12 English becoming a and sailed on the ship Ann
poor citizens a second Georgia. Because England treaty also promised the
colonies from Spanish colony because with the original colonists in
chance in life in order to imported silk, wine, and invasion. Spain Indians
has always would receive fair she served as a 1732-33. He also signed the
populate the colony. blue dyes from rival been a big rival prices
and threaton future trades, which translator in Treaty of Savannah to create
Previous attempts to create a countries in Europe it made to Britains dominancedeveloped
in a peaceful helping the the 1st settlement town in
colony in Georgia failed more sense to produce relationship
Europe and the New World. between Creek Indians and Georgia. Oglethorpe helped
which is why King George II these goods themselves. Oglethorpe wouldIndians
buildand colonists in order colonists co- design the city of Savannah
delegated power to The climate in England did towns and forts to
in gain
orderwealth
to from trade and exists. She was using a modern grid system
Oglethorpe and the Trustees. not support agriculture very claim the debatableprotect
landsthe colony from the bridge with town squares. He
Originally, James Oglethorpe well, but the colony of between the Altamaha Spanish invasion. between enforced strict rules in the
tried to create a debtors Georgia could. This led to Tomochichi and his family
River and Florida. Tomochichi and colony such as banning slavery
colony for those citizens in colonists growing grapes, would
Eventually, Spain andeventually travel to James Oglethorpe. and rum. He also put a limit
England who were in prison mulberry trees, and indigo England
England would fight to meet the Trustees,
in the She also was a on land at 500 acres to keep
for owing the government plants in order to provide War of Jenkins Earbuilding
over a trustworthy trader and made social classes from developing.
money, however, the trustees raw materials to the mother relationship
control of the east coast of for future land her living Some of his rules would later
decided on worthy poor country of England, then treaties. Tomochichi and
North America. Colonists operating a be challenged by the
citizens instead. These manufacture goods from would defeat theJames
Spanish Oglethorpe
in are a great trading post. This Malcontents and eventually
worthy poor were given 50 these materials and export the Battle of Bloodyexample
Marshof two cultures helped the force him out of the colony.
acres of land and supplies for to other countries, even to secure the colonyworking
from together for the relationship After Oglethorpe, the King
one year. back to the colonies. any Spanish threat. common good. between English appointed Royal Governor to
colonists and rule the colony.
Creek Indians
remain peaceful.
CITY OF SAVANNAH
The first permanent settlement in the colony of
Georgia was located on Yamacraw Bluff along the
Savannah River. Savannah would become the
colonial capital of Georgia. The town is unique
MERCANTILISM because of its many town squares that offered
political, social, and religious community centers.
Roads were built using a grid system that were
parallel and perpendicular to one another. A
palisade was built to protect the city from invasion.
 SS8H2abc SUMMARY: COLONIAL HISTORY OF GEORGIA
SS8H2b Evaluate the Trustee Period of Georgias colonial history, SS8H2c Explain the development of Georgia as a royal colony with
emphasizing the role of the Salzburgers, Highland Scots, malcontents, regard to land ownership, slavery, government, and the impact of the
and the Spanish threat from Florida. royal governors.
SALZBURGERS HIGHLAND SCOTS MALCONTENTS LAND OWNERSHIP
Colonists allowed to own more than 500
acres of land. Land can now be sold and
women can inherit land. Large plantations
(farms) develop with slave labor producing
more profitable crops such as rice, cotton,
and tobacco. Social classes develop with
planters gaining wealth and power.

Protestant colonists led
by Johann Martin
Boltzius who migrated to
Georgia seeking religious
freedom because they
were persecuted in
Germany / Austria for not
being Catholic. They
also built the town of
Ebenezer along the
Savannah River. Some
moved to Fort Frederica.
They also helped defend
the colony from the
Spanish invasion, and
also opposed slavery due
to religious beliefs.
Well trained soldiers
from Scotland who
were recruited by James
Oglethorpe to help
defend the colony from
the Spanish threat in
Florida. They built the
fort / town of Darien on
the southern border of
the colony on the
Altamaha River. Helped
defeat Spanish troops in
the Battle of Bloody
Marsh. This group also
opposed slavery in
Georgia.
SLAVERY
Upset colonists who Slavery is legalized in Georgia in 1751
after the Malcontents pressured the trustees
opposed the laws created
to change their policy banning slavery.
by the Trustees and Only wealthy white landowners could own
wanted Georgia to be slaves who worked on rice plantations
more like South Carolina along Georgias coast. Slavery changed the
so that they could economy of Georgia allowing land owners
succeed economically. to grow rich. Slaves were property and had
They wanted rum and no rights, despite the belief by the
slavery to be legalized, Salzburgers, Highland Scots, and many
and they wanted to own others that slavery was cruel and immoral.
more land and for
women to be able to John Reynolds Henry Ellis James Wright
inherit that land. The 1754-57 1757-60 1760-76
Trustees gave in to their
demands and the colony
of Georgia changed.

Allowed colonists to vote He helped restore the He was very popular

SPANISH THREAT FROM FLORIDA and make laws thru a bi-
cameral legislature. Set up
The Battle of Bloody Marsh was an important a court system in the
battle on St. Simons Island in which James colony. However, he
Oglethorpe, English colonists, Salzburgers, became very unpopular and
Highland Scots, and Creek Indians defeated the refused to listen to
Spanish who tried to invade Georgia. The Spanish colonists; did not relate to
retreated back to Florida, and Georgia claimed the the Indians very well; tried
debatable land between the Altamaha and St. to move the capital out of
Marys River. The event helped make the colony Savannah. Colonists
of Georgia safe and secure allowing the colony to convinced the King of
grow geographically and economically. England to remove him
from office (power).
colony by allowing because the economy of
colonists to have a voice Georgia became very
in government. He developed and rich. The
reformed government size of Georgia increased
and helped improve the to include modern day
economy. He improved Mississippi and Alabama
the colonys relationship and the southern border
with the Creek Indians extended from the
and he also divided the Altamaha River to St.
colony into parishes Marys River. He would
(counties) to help remain Royal Governor
government become until the American
more efficient. Revolution.