The guitar

VOLUME
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TUNING PEGS six
CONTROL strings tuned, from
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Electric-guitar D G B
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NECK
clockwise
the tension
wood to (from
of a 0
chambered toor
10)
string, to increase
thus
hollow raising the
designs.
The strings are stretched across the
level
The of the
or lowering
neck is signal
its pitch
glued thats
or untilsent
bolted ittoisfrom the
in body.
the
length of the neck, which is shaped so a
guitar
tune. to the amp.
guitarist can place their fingers and
Electronic tuners are usually used
thumbTONE CONTROL
to ensure accurate tuning
around
Theittone
to play notes.
control is turned clockwise
(fromrRETBOARD
FRETS
0 to 10) to increase the brightness
of This
Frets is the
divide area
the on the
strings
This makes a guitar sound much front
into of
separate
the signal
PICKUPS
notes. Fret sent from
markers, the guitar
normally
louder than when it s unplugged. It has to
in the
the form
neck
of dot where
Theinlays, guitarists
pickupsare used
have place
to their
quickly
magnets work
inside
four basic controls: volume, bass, middle out
fingertips
which
that fret to
is form
which.notes
The and chords.
following frets
and treble.
fuller VolumeTVeble
and warmer makesisthe thesound
opposite
are
sense the strings vibrations, then turn
louder
it makes The
the bass control
guitar soundmak#&
tight the
and
usually
the
sound marked: 3rd, 5th, 7th, 9th, 12th,
Sparkfy Middle is between bass and
sameTUNING
A small,KEY
POPULARsingle
MUSIC
bass-drum
THEORY head.
usually
square socket
wrench that
fits over the
lugs located
at the edge of
DOUBLE
theBASS-DRUM
drum. PEDAL
in construction to a single bass-
This bass-drum
A double is pedal is
drum
similarpedal, with a second
footplate to the left of the snare.
This pedal is also pressed down
to rotate a shaft connected to a
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have at cymbal
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least one
/lower cymbal
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the adjustable with struck
cymbal-
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when
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adjustment
i-hat. It by
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be used can
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provide
crash
e
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to
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that give greater flexibility of
is set-up and cymbal positions.
decays
sTUNING KEY slowly. Crashes come in a
wide
A small, usually square socket
range of sizes; the smaller the size,
wrench that fits over the lugs
located at the edge of the drum.
This is essential to ensure drums
are tuned and achieve a
consistent, clear tone. Lugs are
turned clockwise to raise pitch
and anti-clockwise to lower pitch.
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HI-HAT
RIDE CYMBAL i
parts in aCRASH
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creates a
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ride ismade
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kit and ison
mounted a large,
a hi-hatheavier
stand,cymbal oftenup
one facing
usedone
and to create an alternative
facing down. sound
The stand has to the
a foot
hi-hat.
pedal It canwhen
which, be used to provide
pressed, contrast
pushes the
top cymbal down onto the lower cymbal.
The sound produced by the hi-hat when
BASS DRUM
closed is a muted tick with no overtone.

2
The bass drum sits on its side on the
floor and is played with a foot pedal. It is
usually the biggest drum, producing the
lowest pitch in the drum kit, and provides
a rhythmic link with the bass player, who
will play notes in time with it.
SNARE DRUM

3
The snare sits on a stand between the
drummer's legs and is played more or less
flat. Metal wires, which are stretched over
the bottom head, vibrate when the drum is
 CYMBAL STAND BRUSHES

6
This
TOMS is typically a Brushes
metal tripod are comprised of
designed to support a mounted wire cymbal,
or plastic bristles
A typical kit has two or three
usually height adjustable, with that cymbal-
fan out when in use
(sometimes more) toms. High and medium
angle adjustment. Stands can andbe straight
often retract into a
toms are mounted on or over the bass
or angled to give greater flexibility of
rubber-coated hollow tube
drum, with a floor tom
set-up and cymbal positions.set up on the floor
when not in use. They are
withDRUM HEAD
legs, or hung off a stand. The sound

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typically used in blues or
produced
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and
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batter size on
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producing a swish sound
of the drum being played, and HI-HAT CLUTCH
a resonant
when played in a circular
The hi-hat
head on the unplayed side. Both heads can clutch v is
motion
used to on the
secure snare
the head.
top
be tightened or loosened using a tuning
key. cymbal to the hi-hat rod.
STICKS

8
Drum sticks are made /from single
pieces of wood, comprising which moves
tip, neck, up
shaft
and
and butt. Sticks vary in size, down on
material the
and
fixed of
thickness, but are used in pairs lower cymbal
matching qualities. when operated by
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I Unlike the double bass, most electric
bass guitars
AThe have
cable solid
(or
volume wooden
lead) bodies.
is plugged
control is turned As
in here
with and
the electric
carries guitar,
the the
signal neck
from is
the
clockwise (from 0 to 10) to increase usually
pickups to
bolted on
the or
amp,set (glued)
which to the
amplifies body.
the signal,
the level of the signal thats sent from i.e.
makes it loud.
NECK
FRETS Iare stretched across the
6
The strings
length of Frets
the neck, which is shaped so a
divide the~strings into separate
bassist can place their fingers and thumb
notes. Fret markers, normally in the form
around it to play notes.
of dot inlays, are used to quickly work out
TUNING PEGS
PICKUPS
which fret is which. The following frets are
TuningThe
pegs increase
pickups or
have decrease
magnets the
inside
FRETB0ARD
usually marked: 3rd, 5th, 7th, 9th, 12th,
tension of
that a string,
sense the thus raising
strings or
vibrations, then

3
15th,
This is 17th
the and
area 19th.
on the front of the
lowering its pitch until it is in tune.
turn the vibrations into a signal that can
neck where
Electronic bassists
tuners areplace
usuallytheir fingertips
used to
be amplified (made loud) by an amp.
to form notes and chords.
ensure accurate tuning.
from
root
rhythmnotes
to played
unison
steady
eighth-note
in
riffs
he electric bass
with guitars. For tight
guitar was first
grooves,
mass-produced
is essential that the
by Leo Fender. It
the upright bass,
Precision Cor P-Bass) had
frets so bassists would
know precisely where to
place their fingers
was such a success that
bass plays a diverse role
it is still on sale today
in rock and pop, ranging
leadmost
the
categories:
two
into
chordal
involves
usuallyaccompaniment,
coversprized.
rhythm
solos,
and Guitar
lead.
Rhythm
while
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playing
melodies
lthough isand
broadly guitar,
there
are
divided
fills. various types of
from to 12-string classical,
acoustic to
most common in rock andis
the
pop
six-string electric guitar.
This usually consists of
body
wooden
attached
or
a to neck of maple
rosewood. The choice of
wood affects
used isthe
important,
overall
as
woodssoundwhichofproduce
the
sustain instrument;
and good tone