NON-ISENTROPIC FLOW (Sec 2)

MENU

1. Shockwave & Expansion waves

Oblique shockwave
Prandtl Meyer expansion

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Non-Isentropic flow : Application

2 or 3 Dimensional Non-Isentropic Flow

Films

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Non-Isentropic flow : Oblique shockwave

Oblique Shock wave

Change of properties is not longer in one
dimensional (the direction of free stream flow)

1. Irreversible ( there is viscous effect) only 01 02 and

01 = 02
2. Non Adiabatic ( There is heat transfer) only 01 02
and 01 = 02
3. Combination of Both 01 02 and 01 02

02 02
2 1 = ln ln
01 01
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 Non-Isentropic flow : Oblique shockwave

Subsonic V a Sonic V a Supersonic V a

Mach wave

Mach Angle

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Non-Isentropic flow : Oblique shockwave

Oblique shock

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Non-Isentropic flow : Oblique shockwave

Oblique shock

deflection angle
shock wave angle
Mach angle

tan ( ) u2 1 2 ( 1) M 12 sin 2

tan u1 2 ( 1) M 12 sin 2

M12 sin 2 1
tan 2 cot 2
1
M ( cos 2 ) 2
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Non-Isentropic flow : Oblique shockwave

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Non-Isentropic flow : Oblique shockwave

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Non-Isentropic flow : Oblique shockwave

max max

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Non-Isentropic flow : Oblique shockwave
1 2
Mach number

2 ( 1) M 12 sin 2
M 2 sin( )
2M 12 sin 2 ( 1)

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Non-Isentropic flow : Oblique shockwave

Ratio of Pressure 1 2

p2 2
1 ( M 12 sin 2 1)
p1 1

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Non-Isentropic flow : Oblique shockwave
1 2
Ratio of Density

2 ( 1) M 12 sin 2

1 2 ( 1) M 12 sin 2

T2 p2 1

T1 p1 2

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Non-Isentropic flow : Oblique shockwave

Ratio of Total Pressure 1 2

1
p02 p2 (1 M 22 ) /( 1)
p2 T1
/( 1)

2
p01 p (1 1 M 2 ) /( 1) p1 T2
1 1
2

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 Non-Isentropic flow : Oblique shockwave
Determine in zones 2 and 3 the following properties :
Mach number, pressure, temperature, density and
Total pressure

3
M 1 2.0 1 2

Pt1 151.8 kPa

P1 19.4 kPa
T1 216.7 K

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 Non-Isentropic flow : Oblique shockwave

Expansion Wave

2 v (M 2 ) v (M1 )

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 AERODYNAMIC FORCES

Aerodynamic Coeffcient

L D
Cl Cd
q S ref q S ref

2 Dimesinoal

L/c ( pl pu ) cos( )
Cl
0.5 p M
2
0.5 p M 2
D/c ( pl pu ) sin( )
Cd
0.5 p M
2
0.5 p M 2

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 AERODYNAMIC FORCES

Examples
A flat plate in supersonic flow M= 3.0 and pressure = 1 atm. with angle
of attack of 8 deg.
1.Indicate shock waves and expansion waves occur on the flat plate
2. Calculate static pressure at upper and lower flat plate surfaces
3. Calculate lift coefficient and drag coefficient

M = 3.0

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 AERODYNAMIC FORCES

Examples
A bump with wedge angle of 4 deg.in supersonic flow M= 3.0 and
pressure = 1 atm. with angle of attack of 8 deg.
1. Indicate shock waves and expansion waves occur on the flat plate
2. Calculate static pressure at upper and lower flat plate surfaces
3. Calculate lift coefficient and drag coefficient

M = 3.0

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 AERODYNAMIC FORCES

Examples
A symmetric 2D airfoil having thickness-to-chord ratio of 7% with
wedge angle of 8 deg..in supersonic flow M= 2.5 and free-stream
pressure of 1 atm. with angle of attack of 7 deg.
1. Indicate shock waves and expansion waves occur on the flat plate
2. Calculate static pressure at upper and lower flat plate surfaces
3. Calculate lift coefficient and drag coefficient

M = 2.5

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