Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Neighborhood Restoration
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Overview Imagine a community that provides access to
local city services in strip malls (e.g., postal
Neighborhood restoration is the fourth major services and Social Security and employment
component of Weed and Seed. It focuses on offices). A competitive grocery store that offers
revitalizing designated neighborhoods by lever quality food at affordable prices is often high on
aging local, state, tribal, and federal resources. residents’ wish lists. They would also like to
Restoring a community can be a complex and have clean streets with bright lights that deter
longterm process. This chapter highlights the crime. The neighborhood would benefit if busi
steps needed to implement a neighborhood nesses that have been operating from homes
restoration plan that encourages the leveraging without proper licenses would open their doors
of key resources at all levels to maximize their in storefronts or malls in the community. A pop
impact on the designated area. ular idea is to develop programs that encourage
residents to save their money and that provide
Vision matching funds they can use to buy a new
home, start a business, or complete an educa
Everyone wants to live in a community that has
tion. Training programs that provide residents
all the amenities—safe parks, grocery stores,
with increased technology skills would enable
schools, thriving businesses, homes, entertain
them to secure higher paying jobs. Some pro
ment, and medical services. When communities
grams could help residents correct their credit
experience a loss in the tax base, it is often
problems and prepare them for owning their
because of deteriorating conditions such as
own homes.
business closings, a shift away from home own
ership, negative changes in the quality of med Neighborhood restoration efforts should help
ical and social services, unkempt parks, and rid the community of crime, improve relations
increased prices for basic necessities in local between residents and police, and provide resi
stores. dents with programs and services that prevent,
intervene, or treat problems of youth, adults,
Communities that suffer from any of these
and families. That work lays the foundation for
conditions can be revitalized. Neighborhood
community restoration. Any effort to rid a com
restoration is about much more than physical
munity of negative elements brings positive
buildings—it is about restoring the human capi
resources and the physical assets needed to
tal in a neighborhood by providing tools to help
revitalize the community. Changes in popula
residents secure livablewage employment, start
tion, economic or physical conditions, social
new and thriving businesses, increase the stock
attitudes, and business patterns all affect com
of affordable housing, and increase the number
munities in complex ways. Many such changes
of homeowners. It recognizes the needs of both
are dictated by decisions made at the local gov
the young and the not so young. Youth activities
ernment level—which is why Weed and Seed is
in safe parks, senior housing and services, and
an ideal strategy for improving neighborhoods
increased medical and social services treat many
in distress. Working in collaboration with local,
community ills.
s
state, and federal government agencies, Weed restoration process begins with taking stock of
and Seed brings community stakeholders togeth what in the community can be developed, what
er to leverage their collective resources and can be recruited or secured, and what needs to
achieve the restoration goals for the Weed and be replaced by positive, communitybenefiting
Seed neighborhood. enterprises. This is not an easy task. However,
82 working in incremental steps and building on
The initial Weed and Seed strategy that results small accomplishments can end in success.
from analyzing needs and available resources Remember to work from the inside out—if
provides a safer, more stable community envi you build strong communities, businesses will
ronment that can promote restoration. Of the come. When businesses come, people become
four major Weed and Seed components, neigh employed, and when they are employed, they
borhood restoration offers residents the oppor begin to create wealth.
tunity to actually see improvements in their
community. It does more than just inject new
programs into a community. Neighborhood
Implementation Process
restoration is selfdefining: The process origi Restoration goals and objectives may have to be
nates from and is sustained by the actions and revisited after the local Weed and Seed’s first
choices of those living and working in the neigh phase strategy is underway to determine if they
borhood. The restoration process should reflect are appropriate. This review is recommended
the needs of the entire community, not just the because initial stabilization efforts may not work
judgment of community representatives on the exactly as planned, and because restoration
Steering Committee. Neighborhood restoration strategies do not work in highcrime neighbor
must also be viewed as a longterm strategy. hoods. Also, the value of any community is
determined by the consumers who live there.
Although certain changes can be made to the
Although the Steering Committee can identify
physical appearance of a community in a rela
basic restoration issues with help from the city
tively short period of time, restoring a communi
planning office, specific details and timing
ty implies that the whole area will return to its
should be coordinated with neighborhood resi
original state. For some locations, though, the
dents. For example, demolishing and recon
strategy involves restoring only certain aspects
structing homes, if identified as a priority in the
of a community while developing new compo
needs assessment, may not be as important to
nents—which moves neighborhood restoration
community members as publicprivate financing
into the arena of comprehensive community
to expand the local supermarket. Making
development.
restoration plans that contradict community
expectations and values can hinder the process
This manual does not cover community devel
and undermine stabilization efforts. Restoration
opment in great detail, but it can serve as the
designed without resident input can produce
cornerstone of effective neighborhood restora
negative effects within the community and unin
tion strategies. All communities are in some
tentionally accelerate decline.
state of development. Implementing neighbor
hood restoration strategies is necessary to help
As you begin to think about your plan, keep in
a distressed area work toward the vision of
mind the KISS principle (Keep It Simple Silly).
community restoration.
Steering Committee members are not community
development experts, and it would be unrealistic
Restoring a community begins with a vision
to try to execute massive projects without
of what it might become in the future. The
Community Capacity Development Office: Weed and Seed Implementation Manual
sufficient expertise on board. In addition, neigh contact them. Remember, individuals who agree
borhood restoration is one of the components of to serve on the subcommittee should understand
Weed and Seed that allows residents to actively that their participation is voluntary and that
participate in the transformation of their com their organization or agency will not receive
munity through lowcost or nocost activities. funds. Also make sure that subcommittee mem
Remember, a team effort is necessary to bring bers have the time to attend meetings. Other 83
about community change. Weed and Seed does members often are frustrated when someone
not have to be solely responsible for everything. who attends meetings infrequently wants the
Although many people may want a new shop group to revisit issues that were addressed in
ping center in their community, this should not past meetings.
be a top goal for Weed and Seed. Support exist
ing community development corporations, which
generally have the expertise to carry out these
types of projects.
In developing an implementation plan for neigh
borhood restoration, the following steps should
be taken.
Step 1: Create a Subcommittee
The creation of a neighborhood restoration
subcommittee is key to involving residents and
other community stakeholders in an organized
restoration process. Although several local com How does the subcommittee connect to the
munity organizations may exist, they often focus Weed and Seed Steering Committee? The Weed
solely on providing a specific service to residents and Seed Steering Committee promotes restora
and do not consider how they might all work tion plan development by enlisting professional
with each other and leverage their resources. help for the plan’s design, targeting local
This does not mean that they are not interested. resources, and soliciting local, state, and federal
Often, they just need to be brought together to cooperation.
address a common purpose. The subcommittee
unites the groups. Step 2: Revisit the Needs Assessment
Conducted for the Neighborhood
The subcommittee could include representatives One of the benefits of conducting a needs
from the Steering Committee and from commun assessment is that the priorities identified can
ity organizations who are not members of the be used to formulate goals for each of the four
Steering Committee but who have an interest or Weed and Seed components. Because much of
expertise relevant to neighborhood restoration. the assessment may focus on the economic con
Residents are generally interested in this type ditions of a target area, this information should
of committee, as are community development serve as a basis for creating neighborhood
corporations, community action agencies, gov restoration goals. In a subcommittee planning
ernment agencies, financial institutions, founda session, the group may want to examine these
tions and small businesses. issues and to determine what role it can play in
addressing each of them.
Make a list of organizations that may be inter
ested in participating on this subcommittee and
Neighborhood Restoration
Step 3. Formulate Goals and Objectives
To Be Accomplished
Once the subcommittee has identified issues, it
can formulate goals and objectives and focus on
how these goals and objectives should be met.
84 Remember that some goals are directed at stabi
lizing the community and some at restoring it.
Subcommittee members must consider activities
or tasks that yield both short and longterm
results.
Residents may be frustrated by initiatives that
start out strongly but finish poorly; they look for Step 5: Secure Approval From the
immediate evidence that Weed and Seed is a Steering Committee
positive investment in their community. Short After the implementation plan is developed, it is
term activities to produce visible results include submitted to the Steering Committee for
conducting neighborhood cleanups and allocat approval—an important process because it pro
ing special days for graffiti removal—activities vides additional opportunities for residents and
that residents can see, participate in, and benefit other stakeholders to provide input on the plan
from. and on how the activities described in the plan
complement other Weed and Seed components’
Longterm neighborhood restoration challenges activities. Everyone involved with Weed and
include asset building, reducing unemployment, Seed should understand the implementation
encouraging business startups, upgrading the plans for all components of the program.
quality of housing stock, and increasing the
number of homeowners in the community. The coordinator is responsible for scheduling
activities to ensure minimal duplication of events
Step 4: Develop Activities To Achieve that target residents for participation. The Steer
Goals and Objectives ing Committee has ultimate responsibility for
After formulating goals and objectives, it is time monitoring the entire site plan; however, the
to identify relevant activities that emphasize neighborhood restoration subcommittee is
serving residents. Activities may require a series directly responsible for implementing neigh
of partners, both internal and external to the borhood restoration activities. The progress of
community. Some activities that are popular planned activities is reported to the Steering
with Weed and Seed sites include (1) job fairs Committee on a regular basis. No component of
attended by employers and employment assis Weed and Seed is more important than another.
tance organizations; (2) workshops on starting a Communication between the subcommittee and
business by partnering with the Chamber of the Steering Committee not only ensures suc
Commerce or other business organization; and cessful implementation of the Weed and Seed
(3) workshops on financial management and strategy but also permits maximum resources to
asset building. be applied to each of the planned activities.
Community Capacity Development Office: Weed and Seed Implementation Manual
Step 6: Adjust the Goals, of key activities. The first level pertains to out
Objectives, or Activities come measures established as part of the overall
After goals and objectives have been formulated planning process that relate to the objectives.
and implementation activities have begun, it For example, if an objective includes offering
may be necessary to evaluate and adjust them. workshops on small business development, two
When groups formulate their plans, they often evaluation indicators are the number of work 85
tend to be overly ambitious. The time required shops offered and the number of people who
to pull new initiatives together may be under attended these workshops.
estimated, or unforeseen challenges may arise
The next level of indicators is broader than the
that hamper the progress of certain activities.
objectives and may take months to fully docu
Initial goals may turn out to conflict with other
ment. Referring again to the example of the
community activities, or the support needed
small business workshop, the secondlevel indi
from local organizations to achieve these goals
cator is the increase in new business startups in
may not be forthcoming. Remember that the
the neighborhood. Where would you get infor
goals are established for the local community.
mation to document the level of business devel
If Weed and Seed goals appear to conflict with
opment? The city’s department of economic
those of other community organizations, try to
development or the department handling busi
incorporate these organizations into the Weed
ness registration can usually assist in docu
and Seed strategy, or revise the goals.
menting an increase in the number of new
Based on the community needs assessment con businesses.
ducted by the Planning Committee, the site
Core indicators are important because they
should have a list of issues to be addressed in
measure the overall effectiveness of the restora
restoring the neighborhood, which have been
tion process, which includes both stabilization
identified by community stakeholders. If adjust
activities and restoration activities. You need to
ments to the goals or objectives are needed,
document whether the conditions in the com
revisit the assessment to ensure that the Weed
munity that affect residents are improving and
and Seed strategy is working to address these
resulting in more residents securing employ
priority issues. Sometimes the goal or objective
ment, increased capital investment in the area
is fine, but the time needed to implement an
through new businesses, and higher rates of
activity may have to be extended. Adjustments
home ownership. Such increases suggest anoth
are acceptable as long as the group remains
er level of investment in the community.
focused on activities consistent with neighbor
hood restoration. Specific indicators to consider are—
Neighborhood Restoration
� Building permits. Increases in building per Implementation Issues
mits usually mean an improvement in the
neighborhood. However, they should be The subcommittee does not have to be directly
analyzed closely because permits to convert responsible for the implementation of neigh
singlefamily housing to multifamily units, for borhood restoration activities. Instead, it can
example, may not necessarily indicate com coordinate such activities by already existing
86
munity improvement. organizations that have the appropriate
expertise.
� Property taxes. A decrease in tax payment
delinquencies indicates an increase in in Also, if neighborhood residents are not partici
comes and greater community commitment pating in the program, restoration will probably
and confidence. fail. Participation does not mean listening to
Weed and Seed updates at the local community
� Household income. Although difficult to center; it means volunteering in activities de
measure, increases in household income are signed to remove negative influences and create
directly related to neighborhood conditions. a positive living environment. Expanding volun
teers’ participation can be difficult, but it can be
� Home ownership. Increases in home done. There is no formula for creating an envi
ownership mean that the community is ronment that results in effective community par
improving. ticipation. Community policing officers can help
involve residents because they talk with the resi
Recap of the Process dents frequently.
� Assemble a diverse team of individuals to
serve on the neighborhood restoration It may be necessary to occasionally reexamine
subcommittee the composition of the subcommittee. As some
people lose interest or cannot attend meetings,
� Review the needs assessment completed by their positions may need to be filled with new
the initial Planning Committee.
members. Community youth can also play an
important role in restoration efforts. Also, if it
� Formulate goals, objectives, and activities to
is not possible to secure the participation of
be accomplished.
top officials from local organizations, make sure
� Submit the neighborhood restoration plan for that individuals who do participate have the
Steering Committee approval, and ensure power or direct access to power to make deci
neighborhood restoration tasks complement sions on behalf of their organizations.
the other components of the Weed and Seed
The timing of subcommittee meetings might be
strategy.
an organizational challenge. Although meetings
� Implement the plan, recognizing that adjust for staff representing organizations might be
ments may be needed over time. ideal during the day, the number of employed
residents able to attend at that time may be lim
� Establish core indicators, and evaluate the ited. It is important to find the best schedule for
plan on a regular basis. everyone.
Community Capacity Development Office: Weed and Seed Implementation Manual
Planning and managing a successful restoration on the time required to restore a neighborhood
process is difficult because many of the socio helps balance expectations for change and
economic market forces that affect the value of results in critical activities, programs, and serv
the community cannot be controlled by the ices that positively affect the lives of residents.
Weed and Seed strategy. Keeping a realistic eye
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Neighborhood Restoration