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Pravara Institute of Medical Sciences (Deemed University), Loni Dist. Ahmednagar, Maharashtra, India.
3Postgraduate student, Dept. of Obstetrics and Gynaecology (OBGY), Rural Medical College & Pravara Rural Hospital of
Pravara Institute of Medical Sciences (Deemed University), Loni Dist. Ahmednagar, Maharashtra, India.
Abstract: Oligohydramnios or reduced amount of amniotic fluid volume is a commonly observed obstetric problem
during third trimester of pregnancy. It accompanies a broad range of reproductive disorders including anomalies of fetus
and functional disorders of mother, fetus and placenta. Reduced amniotic fluid volume is associated with adverse perinatal
outcome. A prospective hospital based study of total 100 cases of oligohydramnios coming for delivery to Pravara Rural
Hospital, Loni was undertaken over a period of two years from October 2007 to September 2009. The information
regarding bio-social characteristics, maternal and perinatal outcome were collected and results were analyzed by using
percentage and proportion. In the present study, the majority of the cases( 78%) were unbooked and belonged to the age
group of 20-30 years and had associated maternal or fetal complications. Postdated pregnancy, pregnancy induced
hypertension and fetal congenital anomalies were the commonest complications associated with oligohydramnios. Forty
four percent cases were delivered by caesarean section. Overall perinatal mortality was 24%. Cases with severe
oligohydramnios and anhydramnios were associated with intrapartum fetal heart rate abnormalities, (16%) low Apgar
score and (8%) meconium aspiration syndrome. Every case of oligohydramnios needs careful evaluation, parental
counseling and individualized decision regarding timing and mode of delivery. Continuous intrapartum fetal monitoring
and good neonatal care support is essential for optimum perinatal outcome.
Introduction:
Oligohydramnios or reduced volume of amniotic fluid Medical College and Pravara Rural Hospital- a tertiary
poses challenge to obstetrician, when it is diagnosed level health care referral centre in Loni, Maharashtra,
before term. Oligohydramnios can develop in any India over a period of 2 years from October 2007 to
trimester, although it is more common in third trimester. September 2009. Hundred pregnant women in 3rd
[1] About 12% of women, whose pregnancies continue for trimester of pregnancy, diagnosed as oligohydramnios
two weeks beyond expected date of delivery; develop with amniotic fluid index (AFI) less than 5 cm and intact
oligohydramnios due to declining placental function. membranes were included in the study. Findings were
Oligohydramnios accompanies a broad range of analyzed with the special emphasis on bio-social
reproductive disorders including anomalies of fetus and characteristics of the patient and maternal and perinatal
functional disorders of mother, fetus and placenta. outcome. The ethical committee of the institute had
Decreased amount of amniotic fluid, particularly in third approved the study. Results were analyzed by using
trimester, has been associated with multiple fetal risks percentage and proportion.
like, pulmonary hypoplasia and intrauterine growth
restriction. Oligohydramnios may cause compression of Results:
umbilical cord, leading to fetal distress during labour. It was observed (table 1) that, 78% women with
Oligohydramnios is found to be associated with an oligohydramnios were in the age group of 20-29 years.
increased risk of caesarean delivery for fetal distress, low The mean ( SD) maternal age was 22.8 4.2 years. By
Apgar score and high perinatal morbidity and mortality [2]. gestational age, 22% of women were in the gestational
Hence, the present study was carried out to find out the age group of 34-36 weeks followed by 20% women in 38-
incidence of oligohydramnios during pregnancy and its 40 and >40 weeks. The mean gestational age was 36.7
effect on maternal and perinatal outcome. 4.1 weeks. By parity, 54% women were primigravidas
followed by 46% multigravidas.
Material & Methods:
A retrospective hospital based study was carried out in the It was observed that (table 2), pregnancy induced
department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology of Rural hypertension (16%), postdated pregnancy (16%) and
*Corresponding Author:-
Dr. Vidyadhar B. Bangal.,
Professor and Head,
Dept. of Obstetrics and Gynaecology (OBGY),
Rural Medical College, Loni, Dist. Ahmednagar,
Maharashtra, India Pin- 413736 Quick response code (QR- Code) for mobile user to
Contact no- (+91) 02422- 273600, 09822096723. Assess JPBMS website electronically.
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