Professional Documents
Culture Documents
3 Product data.............................................................. 15
Bearing data general................................................... 15
Bearing tables ................................................................ 16
Bearings d 10 35 mm ............................................... 16
Bearings d 40 70 mm ............................................... 18
Bearings d 75 100 mm ............................................. 20
2
1 Product information 2 Recommendations 3 Product data
Customer benefits Page ............. 8 Page ............. 15
Wherever very high or very low environ- Extended service life Doubly shielded
mental temperatures are a limiting fac- SKF extreme temperature bearings The extreme temperature bearings
tor, a special bearing is normally need- are designed to give extended service can be fitted with protective shields,
ed. The application requirements low lives with a minimum of mainten- one on each side, to prevent ingress
friction and high radial loads define ance. SKF is the only bearing manu- of solid contaminants and to keep
the basic design concept as a deep facturer using graphite cage techno- the lubricant in place.
groove ball bearing. logy, thus eliminating the need for any
If the application is demanding and maintenance or service whatsoever. Environmentally safe
reliable operation under all temperature The SKF extreme temperature bear-
conditions including extreme operating Very wide operating temperature ings use environmentally friendly
temperatures with low operation costs range materials and do not emit any haz-
is mandatory, an SKF deep groove ball Special lubricants make it possible ardous products provided that their
bearing for extreme temperatures is to use some of the bearings down to maximum allowable operating tem-
definitely needed. 150 C and up to a maximum oper- perature is not exceeded.
ating temperature of +350 C.
3
1 Product information 2 Recommendations 3 Product data
Product range Page ............. 8 Page ............. 15
The range of SKF extreme temperat- dangerous gases or vapours are General rule
ure bearings covers deep groove ball emitted. The SKF extreme temperature
bearings in the 60, 62 and 63 series bearings are primarily intended for
currently in demand, in sizes from 10 2. 2Z/VA208 design for high shaft speeds up to approximately
to 100 mm bore diameter. Taking avail- demands 100 r/min. For applications with
ability into account, this constitutes the These bearings differ from the VA228 higher speeds or different oper-
most complete range on the market. design only in their cage. Instead of the ating conditions, please contact
All bearings are available with cylin- coronet cage, they have a segmented SKF for advice and support.
drical bore to suit most types of cage of graphite. The segments separ-
mounting methods. ate the balls and also provide the ne-
SKF extreme temperature bearings cessary lubrication. The bearings are
are available in five different final vari- fitted with two shields which axially
ants: guide the cage segments and prevent
the entry of solid contaminants. Be-
1. 2Z/VA228 design for top cause of the segmented cage, these
requirements bearings are primarily intended for 5. 2Z/VA216 for aggressive
This bearing variant is the top-of-the- slowly rotating applications. environments
line among SKF products for extreme For bearing arrangements where the
temperatures. It is fitted with the re- 3. VA201 design for the most environment is particularly aggressive,
cently developed coronet cage of common applications bearings of the 2Z/VA216 design are
pure graphite which makes the bear- These bearings are not sealed and recommended. These bearings are
ings suitable for new applications. The have a pressed steel cage. The radial charged with a creamy-white multi-
cage can support appreciably heavier internal clearance is four times C5. purpose grease based on a fluorinated
loads than the graphite segment cage. All bearing surfaces are manganese polyether oil mixed with PTFE for
This means that in practice these bear- phosphated. This protects the bearing operating temperatures from 40 to
ings are suitable for applications where from corrosion, enhances running prop- +230 C. Otherwise the bearings have
the operating temperature is in the erties and provides good adhesion the same design as 2Z/VA201.
range 150 to +350 C and the speeds for the lubricant. For normal cases, the lubricant fill
are up to 100 r/min. The extreme temperature bearings is between 25 and 35 % of the free
The coronet cage is an SKF develop- of the VA201 design are lubricated with space in the bearing. On request
ment and only available in SKF bear- a polyalkylene glycol/graphite mixture other filling grades can be supplied
ings. It not only separates the balls but which can be used at temperatures (expressed as % of the free space in
also presents a unique lubrication sys- between 40 and +250 C. At temper- the bearing):
tem. The minute quantities of graphite atures above +200 C, dry lubrication
powder released by the cage during pertains. 10 to 15 % (suffix A)
rotation provide adequate lubrication 45 to 60 % (suffix B)
for the bearing. The bearing is also 4. 2Z/VA201 design added 70 to 100 % (suffix C)
equipped with two shields which pre- protection with shields
vent particulate contamination from These bearings are of the same design
entering the bearing and also guide as the VA201 bearings but have pro-
the cage axially. tective shields at both sides to prevent
All surfaces of the bearing, including the ingress of solid contaminants.
the shields, are manganese phosphated Additionally, these bearings have
to protect against corrosion and also to twice the amount of the polyalkylene
enhance running properties. The radial glycol/graphite mixture as the open
internal clearance is four times C5. An- bearings.
other advantage of these bearings is
that they are environmentally friendly.
Even at maximum temperatures, no
4
VA228 VA201
VA208 2Z/VA201
2Z/VA216
1 Product information 2 Recommendations 3 Product data
Product range Page ............. 8 Page ............. 15
Customised for special The surfaces of the grey cast iron hous- Accessories for optimum
ings are coated with zinc and yellow
purposes chromate; this galvanised layer provi-
performance
SKF extreme temperature bearings des added protection against corrosion The boundary dimensions of the SKF
are designed for the most common and gives the housings a distinctive extreme temperature deep groove ball
extreme temperature applications e.g. appearance. bearings of the 60, 62 and 63 series
kiln truck wheels, support rollers and To meet the widely differing engineer- are in accordance with the ISO Dimen-
general wheel arangements. ing demands in this wide temperature sion Plan. The bearings of series 62
Specific customer requirements are range, two different versions of bear- can be used directly in SKF housings
satisfied by special order bearings. ings of series of TVN design. These housings are
SKF can supply extreme temperature Full details YAR 2-2FW are available in five sizes for shafts of
bearings which can replace the exist- will be found in used: VA201 35 up to 65 mm diameter. In order to
brochure 4415
ing bearing design or which are the SKF Y-bearing and VA228. further protect the bearing, a heat
direct result of a joint design coopera- units for extreme The range of resistant seal strip made of aluminum
temperatures.
tion with the customer. SKF has a long Y-bearing units boron silicate can be used to prevent
tradition of supplying special feature is for shaft dia- the ingress of contaminants from the
bearings for especially demanding meters of 30 to surrounding environment. For more
applications. 60 mm and 3/4 information please contact SKF.
to 2 7/16 in.
Y-bearing units for extreme
temperatures
The SKF product range also includes
Y-bearing units for operating temperat-
ure range 150 to +350 C. They are
available as
6
1 Product information 2 Recommendations 3 Product data
Design features Page ............. 8 Page ............. 15
difference
The various designs of SKF extreme SKF extreme temperature bearings
temperature bearings are made with with suffix 2Z/VA208 have a segmented
the customers needs and require- cage made from special graphite. The
ments in mind bearing also has two shields which will
protect the bearing from particulate
Extended service life contamination as well as keep the
Different lubrication systems graphite powder inside the bearing.
Customised designs Powdered graphite is slowly trans-
Different seal arrangements ferred from the cage segments to the
Operational cost savings bearing surfaces ensuring constant
lubrication and long service life. No
The philosophy behind SKF extreme maintenance is required.
temperature bearings is based on con- SKF extreme temperature bearings
tinuous development aiming at rugged of the 2Z/VA228 design represent the
and reliable bearings which can be latest development. They are fitted
used even in the most demanding with a one-piece graphite cage instead
applications. SKF extreme temperature of the segmented cage. Tests, both at
bearings can often be used instead of low and high speeds (up to the max-
expensive special bearings or intricate, imum recommended) have shown ex-
extremely costly lubricants offered on tremely little wear. The service life has
the market. been appreciably extended as the cage
The SKF extreme temperature has an optimum fit round the balls and
bearings with the suffix VA201 offer the thus has a low specific load. The de-
customer extended service life since sign has very high performance and
the amount of lubricating paste is large, offers the longest service lives of all
thus ensuring a good supply and an the present extreme temperature
adequate reservoir of lubricant. When designs.
the bearing is fitted with two protective
shields, 2Z/VA201, the amount of lubric-
ant is even larger. This together with
the shields will further prolong the ser-
vice life. The shields also serve to
retain the lubricant inside the bearing.
2Z/VA228 design
7
1 Product information 2 Recommendations 3 Product data
Page ............. 3 Application examples Page ............. 15
Long service life, high reliability and can be found in many other industries Application examples
minimal maintenance requirements where bearings are subjected to
have made SKF extreme temperature extreme temperatures. Foil calenders
deep groove ball bearings the obvious One of the main reasons for SKFs The calenders were originally fitted with
choice in all industrial segments where dominant market position for extreme bearings which required frequent relub-
temperatures are very high or very low temperature bearings is the customers rication with expensive high temperature
and speeds low and where high run- ever increasing awareness about what grease. Three have now been convert-
ning accuracy is not required. The key bearing quality means to their machine ed to SKF deep groove ball bearings
segments with their typical require- life cycle cost. of the VA228 design which require no
ments are listed below, but applications maintenance. As a result, maintenance
costs have been reduced by more than
1,2 million SEK per annum. In addition,
the foil produced is much cleaner (no
lubricant leakage to soil it).
Kiln trucks
The wheels are fitted with SKF deep
groove ball bearings of the 2Z/VA208
design. Normal operating temperature
is +200 to +230 C. The original bear-
ing design lasted between 3 months
and one year but with the 2Z/VA208
design the service life could be extend-
ed to more than 4 years. Service lives
of up to more than 12 years have been
recorded in other similar applications.
This means much lower bearing costs
and also no wheel repairs were
required.
8
1 Product information 2 Recommendations 3 Product data
Page ............. 3 Application examples Page ............. 15
9
1 Product information 2 Recommendations 3 Product data
Page ............. 3 Calculation Page ............. 15
Influence of operating temperature bearing can be selected from the bear- and for the outboard (cover) side, from
At high temperatures, the load carrying ing tables (from page 16 onwards).
capacity of the bearings is reduced. If the requisite basic static load rating
G
This is taken into consideration by mul- lies between two values in the bearing C0 = 0
fT
tiplying the basic static load rating C0 table the bearing with the higher rating
by a temperature factor fT. Values of should be chosen.
this factor at different temperatures will The requisite basic static load rating of
be found in Table 1 . Selection of bearing size for kiln bearings in axleboxes inside or outside
truck wheels the wheel ( fig 5 , page 13) is ob-
Selection of bearing size based on Bearing size is selected on the basis tained using the equation
the static load rating of the basic static load rating as kiln
The size of bearing required for a given trucks operate at very slow speeds.
G
application is selected with reference For free wheels with two bearings of C0 = 2 0
fT
to the loads which are to be expected equal size ( fig 3 , page 13) the re-
and the load carrying capacity of the quisite basic static load rating for one
bearing. Bearings for extreme temper- bearing is obtained from the equation Using the values of the requisite basic
atures rotate at very slow speeds. static load rating C0 calculated using
Therefore, the requisite size is deter- the above equations, or obtained from
G
mined based on the basic static load C0 = 1,5 0 Table 2 , suitable bearings of series
fT
rating C0. The requisite basic static 60, 62 or 63 can be selected from the
load rating can be determined using bearing tables (from page 16 onwards).
where If the requisite basic static load rat-
C0 = requisite basic static load rating ing lies between two values in the
P0
C0 = 2 of a single bearing, N bearing table, the bearing with the
fT
G0 = radial load acting on one wheel, N higher load rating should always be
fT = temperature factor ( Table 1 ) chosen. The diameter of the journal
where must always be checked with regard to
C0 = requisite basic static load rating of Table 2 applies to arrangements com- its strength.
the bearing, N prising two bearings of the same size
P0 = equivalent static bearing load, N mounted symmetrically with respect to
fT = temperature factor ( Table 1 ) the plane of the load and gives the re-
quisite basic static load rating depend-
The equivalent static bearing load is ing on wheel load and temperature,
obtained from calculated using the above equation,
for one bearing.
P0 = 0,6 Fr + 0,5 Fa For a free-wheel arrangement with
bearings of different size ( fig 4 ,
where page 13) the requisite value of C0 for
P0 = equivalent static bearing load, N the inboard (tyre rim) side is obtained
Fr = actual radial bearing load, N from
Fa = actual axial bearing load, N
G
When calculating P0, the maximum C0 = 2 0
fT
load which can occur should be used
and its radial and axial components
inserted in the equation above. If
P0 < Fr, then P0 = Fr should be used.
Using the requisite basic static load
rating calculated from above, a suitable
10
1 Product information 2 Recommendations 3 Product data
Page ............. 3 Calculation Page ............. 15
Factor fT Table 1
Calculation example
A kiln truck has four wheels of the free Operating Factor
wheel type, i.e. the axle does not temperature fT
rotate. Each wheel has two bearings of C
the same size.
150 1
Operating conditions: 200 0,95 2
250 0,9
Speed: Intermittent, approximately 300 0,8
350 0,64
2 r/min
Load per wheel: 15 000 N
Temperature: 250 C
G
C0 = 1,5 0
fT
so that Table 2
Wheel Requisite basic static load rating C0
C0 = 1,5 15 000/0,9 load for operating temperatures
150 C 200 C 250 C 300 C 350 C
C0 = 25 000 N N N
Thus a bearing having a basic static 3 000 4 500 4 740 5 000 5 630 7 030
load rating C0 of at least 25 000 N 4 000 6 000 6 320 6 670 7 500 9 380
is required, for example, bearing 5 000 7 500 7 900 8 380 9 380 11 700
6211-2Z/VA208, which has a C0 value 6 000 9 000 9 470 10 000 11 300 14 100
= 29 000 N. 7 000 10 500 11 100 11 700 13 100 16 400
8 000 12 000 12 600 13 300 15 000 18 800
11
1 Product information 2 Recommendations 3 Product data
Page ............. 3 Application advice Page ............. 15
Fig 1 Fig 2
D =4
a
12
1 Product information 2 Recommendations 3 Product data
Page ............. 3 Application advice Page ............. 15
Free wheels
journal g6
hub bore J7
Rotating axles 2
journal j6
hub bore H71)
1)
Tolerance D10 is recommended for
autoclave trucks
Axlebox inside the wheel, TVN housing, type B (non-locating side) and axlebox
outside the wheel, TVN housing, type A (locating side), respectively
Fig 5
13
1 Product information 2 Recommendations 3 Product data
Page ............. 3 Mounting and maintenance Page ............. 15
14
1 Product information 2 Recommendations 3 Product data
Page ............. 3 Page ............. 8 Bearing data general
15
1 Product information 2 Recommendations 3 Product data
Page ............. 3 Page ............. 8 Deep groove ball bearings
for extreme temperatures
d 10 35 mm
B
r2
r1
r1
r2
D D2 d d1
d D B C0
min max
mm N m kg
16
1 Product information 2 Recommendations 3 Product data
Page ............. 3 Page ............. 8
ra
ra
Da da
d d1 D2 r1,2 da Da ra
min min max max
mm mm
20 28,5 40,6 1 25 42 1
28,5 40,6 1 25 42 1
28,5 40,6 1 25 42 1
28,5 40,6 1 25 42 1
33,4 46,3 1 30 47 1
33,4 46,3 1 30 47 1
33,4 46,3 1 30 47 1
33,4 46,3 1 30 47 1
30 40,3 54,1 1 35 57 1
40,3 54,1 1 35 57 1
40,3 54,1 1 35 57 1
40,3 54,1 1 35 57 1
17
1 Product information 2 Recommendations 3 Product data
Page ............. 3 Page ............. 8 Deep groove ball bearings
for extreme temperatures
d 40 70 mm
B
r2
r1
r1
r2
D D2 d d1
d D B C0
min max
mm N m kg
18
1 Product information 2 Recommendations 3 Product data
Page ............. 3 Page ............. 8
ra
ra
Da da
d d1 D2 r1,2 da Da ra
min min max max
mm mm
19
1 Product information 2 Recommendations 3 Product data
Page ............. 3 Page ............. 8 Deep groove ball bearings
for extreme temperatures
d 75 100 mm
B
r2
r1
r1
r2
D D2 d d1
d D B C0
min max
mm N m kg
20
1 Product information 2 Recommendations 3 Product data
Page ............. 3 Page ............. 8
ra
ra
Da da
d d1 D2 r1,2 da Da ra
min min max max
mm mm
21
The SKF group
a worldwide corporation
SKF is an international industrial Group development has also played a vital
operating in some 130 countries and is role, resulting in many examples of
world leader in bearings. epoch-making innovations.
The company was founded in 1907 The business of the Group consists
following the invention of the self-align- of bearings, seals, special steel and a
ing ball bearing by Sven Wingquist and, comprehensive range of other high-
after only a few years, SKF began to tech industrial components. The experi-
expand all over the world. ence gained in these various fields
Today, SKF has some 45 000 em- provides SKF with the essential know-
ployees and around 80 manufacturing ledge and expertise required in order
facilities spread throughout the world. to provide the customers with the most
An international sales network includes advanced engineering products and
a large number of sales companies and efficient service.
some 7 000 distributors and retailers.
Worldwide availability of SKF products
is supported by a comprehensive
technical advisory service.
The key to success has been a con-
sistent emphasis on maintaining the
highest quality of its products and
services. Continuous invest-
ment in research and
22
The SKF Group is the first major bearing SKF has developed the Channel concept in
manufacturer to have been granted approval factories all over the world. This drastically
according to ISO 14001, the international reduces the lead time from raw material to
standard for environmental management end product as well as work in progress
systems. The certificate is the most com- and finished goods in stock. The concept
prehensive of its kind and covers more than enables faster and smoother information
60 SKF production units in 17 countries. The SKF Engineering & Research Centre flow, eliminates bottlenecks and bypasses
is situated just outside Utrecht in The unnecessary steps in production. The
Netherlands. In an area of 17 000 square Channel team members have the know-
metres (185 000 sq.ft) some 150 scientists, ledge and commitment needed to share the
engineers and support staff are engaged in responsibility for fulfilling objectives in areas
the further improvement of bearing perform- such as quality, delivery time, production
ance. They are developing technologies flow etc.
aimed at achieving better materials, better
designs, better lubricants and better seals
together leading to an even better under-
standing of the operation of a bearing in its
application. This is also where the SKF Life
Theory was evolved, enabling the design
of bearings which are even more compact
and offer even longer operational life.
23
Copyright SKF 1999
The contents of this publication are the
copyright of the publisher and may not
be reproduced (even extracts) unless
permission is granted. Every care has
been taken to ensure the accuracy of
the information contained in this pub-
lication but no liability can be accepted
for any loss or damage whether direct,
indirect or consequential arising out of
the use of the information contained
here in.
Publication 4402/II E