KEY TERMS FOR 16 & 17: PHARMACOLOGY

Attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder (ADHD): condition characterized

by poor attention span, behavior control issues, and/or hyperactivity.

Bipolar disorder (manic depression): characterized by extreme and opposite

moods, such as euphoria and depression.

Depression: characterized by a sad or despondent mood. Symptoms can

include lack of energy, sleep disturbances, abnormal eating patters, feelings
of despair, guilt and misery.

Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT): therapy used to TX serious & life-

threatening mood disorders that are unresponsive to pharmacotherapy.

Mania: characterized by an expressive, impulsive, excitable, & over-reactive

nature.

Monoamine oxidase inhibitor (MAOI): drugs inhibiting monoamine oxidase,

an enzyme that terminates the actions of neurotransmitters such as
dopamine, norepinephrine, epinephrine, & serotonin.

Mood disorder: disorder involving a change in behavior such as clinical

depression, emotional swings or manic-depression.

Mood stabilizer: drugs that level mood to TX bipolar disorder & mania.

Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI): drugs that selectively inhibit

the reuptake of serotonin into nerve terminals.

Serotonin syndrome (SES): s/s associated with over-medication with

antidepressants.

Tricyclic antidepressant (TCA): drugs used in pharmacotherapy of

depression.
Tyramine: form of amino acid tyrosine found in many foods.

Akathisia: inability to rest or relax.

Delusions: firm ideas & beliefs not founded in reality.

Dopamine type D2 receptor: receptors for dopamine in CNS.

Dysonia: severe muscle spasms, particularly of the back, neck, tongue &
face.

Extrapyramidal side effects (EPSE): acute dysonia, adathisia, parkinsonism,

& tardive dyskinesia.

Hallucination: seeing, hearing or feeling something that is not there.

Illusions: distorted perceptions of actual sensory stimuli.

Malignant syndrome: potentially fatal condition caused by some anti-

psychotic meds; symptoms include extremely high body temp, drowsiness,
changing BP, irregular heartbeat & muscle rigidy.

Negative symptoms: symptoms that subtract from normal behavior including

a lack of interest, motivation, responsiveness, or pleasure in daily activities.

Neuroleptic: another name for antipsychotic meds.

Paranoia: extreme suspicion & delusion of being harmed or followed.

Parkinsonism: tremor, muscle rigidity, stooped posture & shuffling gait.

Positive symptoms: symptoms that add on to normal behavior including

hallucinations, delusions & disorganized thought or speech pattern.

Schizoaffective disorder: similar to schizophrenia & mood disorders.

Schizophrenia: psychosis characterized by abnormal thoughts & thought
processes, withdrawl from other people & outside environment and apparent
preoccupation with mental state.

Tardive dyskinesia: unusual tongue & face movements like lip-smacking and
worm-like motions of the tongue.