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MARIKINA POLYTECHNIC COLLEGE

Mayor Chanyungco St., Barangay Sta. Elena, Marikina City

FACTORS AFFECTING THE ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE IN SPECIALIZED

SUBJECT OF ABM STUDENT IN EASTERN STAR ACADEMY

YEAR 2016-2017

In partial fulfillment for the requirements for Curriculum Development.

by:

Radino Q. Pangilinan
MTE-Electrical

March 2017
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CHAPTER 1

THE PROBLEM AND ITS BACKGROUND

Introduction

Accounting systems are methods, procedures, and standards followed in

accumulating, classifying, recording, and reporting business events and

transactions. And as a competitive advantage, the business should have a good

accounting system. A good accounting system possesses simplicity-in terms of

usage, facileness or easiness-in terms of learning the system, accuracy-in terms

of recording transactions and flexibility or adaptability of the system to change.

The system should also provide timely information so that it can be available to

users early enough to make decisions; it must be within the budget to implement

and maintain the system; safeguard the business from the possibilities of fraud

and errors: avoids redundancy in processes; and take into account the nature,

timing and extent of the business as well as the accounting capabilities of the

user (Patsula, 2001).

Business operations are those ongoing recurring activities involved in the

running of a business for the purpose of producing value for the stakeholders.

These includes the generation of recurring income which is the most important

part of operations, increasing value of the business and securing the income and

the value of the business.

All businesses must be concerned with its accounting system in order to

have a clear view of business condition and its performance. It must also
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consider its operations so that it can effectively manage its resources to provide

income for the business. A computer rental shop is also subject to these needs

just like any other businesses. Since this kind of business starts to gain

population in the market, operations here become more complicated. From the

moment the customer enters the shop until service is finally rendered, several

considerations must be taken into account. These bring the need for the

business to have an accounting system and consider its operations.

Theoretical Framework

The researchers adapted the general systems theory by Edward Deming (J.

Horine,1993) to support this study. The theory generally states that the success in any

system requires more than best efforts and hard work from the administrators. The most

serious observation is that majority of problems to Deming; roughly, 95% of problems

belong to the system and the responsibility of the management while the workers

are just trying to do the best job that they can deliver within the constraints of the

system.21

The theory explains that a system is a series of functions or activities sub

process (stages-hereafter components) within an organization that work together for its

aim. People, materials, methods and equipments are the components that form a

network in support of common characteristics: purpose, input, process and output (J.

Horine, 1993)22

Purpose determines the thrust and direction of a system input, on the other hand,

is characterized as the primary element that motivates an action of a system.

Meanwhile, processes are the sequences of work stages that transform inputs to outputs

and output is what the system produces.

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Conceptual Frame work

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Statement of the Problem

1. What are the factors that affect the academic performance of the students in

terms of:
1.1 extrinsic factors; and
1.2 intrinsic factor?
2. What are the academic performance of ABM students in terms of:
2.1 written works: and
2.2 performance task; and
2.3 quarterly exams?
3. What is the significant relationship between the factors that affect the

academic performance and the academic performance of the ABM students

in their specialized subjects?

Hypothesis
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There is no significant relationship between the factors that affect the academic

performance and the academic performance of ABM students in their specialized

subjects.

Significance of the Study

This researcher wants to find out about the factors affecting the academic

performance of ABM student in Eastern Star Academy. The following may

benefits from research:

STUDENT. The students will know what will be the factors that can affect

their academic performance in case of what major theyll choose or take.

TEACHERS - The teachers can show to their students an example about

researching.
DepED - The DepEd can spread to others research paper and they can

take it as reference in lesson plan or module.

RESEARCHER - The researcher can get an idea in our research paper in

case we have the same research.

INCOMING GRADE 11 STUDENTS The incoming grade 11 students

Scope and Delimitation

This researcher wants to find out about the factors that may affect the

academic performance of ABM student. This research is going to be an

instrument to discover the extrinsic factors such as the teacher, environment and

the weather. It is also gives information about the intrinsic factors such as

language skills, ability of understanding, and character. The research is going to

state how do such factors may affect the academic performance of the students

in their specialized subjects especially at the fundamentals of ABM1 and

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Business Math. It will also show the reflection of the effects of the factors to the

students, how it affect their written works, performance tasks and in the quarterly

exams. This research is meant to help the student to discover those factors to

help them improve their performance at school. The respondents is going to be

the ABM students in Eastern Star Academy, 23 ABM students is going to be peck

by using the random sampling in answering questions and interview.

Chapter II

Literature review
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Related Literature

According to Newman-Ford, Lloyd and Thomas, 2009 says that

attendance can affect students learning. The major reasons given by students for

absents include assessment pressures, poor delivery of lectures, timing of

lectures, and work priorities. It is like when Educational services are often not

tangible and are difficult to measure because they result in the form of

transformation of knowledge, life skills and behavior modifications of learners

(Tsinidou, Gerogiannis, & Fitsilis, 2010). Students will learn by how knowledge is

served to them, and how their priorities block their interest to learn to the subject

matter.

But they say that social skills are important for preparing young people to

mature and succeed in their adult roles within the family, workplace, and

community (Ten Dam & Volman, 2007).

The Developmental and Social Factors emphasize that learning is

influenced by social interactions, interpersonal relationships, and communication

with others. Learning is often developed when children have an opportunity to

interact with and collaborate with others on instructional tasks. In these

situations, children have opportunities for perspective taking and reflective

thinking that can enhance their self-esteem and development. Quality

interpersonal relationships can provide trust and caring that increase childrens

sense of belonging, self-respect, self-acceptance, and produce a positive

learning condition. Parents, teachers, and friends are very important people in

the childs social world and their relationships with the child can either enhance
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or undermine the childs learning. (Learning Theories.com 2012) . This research

are determining the extrinsic and intrinsic factors that affecting the academic

performance of the students.

So, these factors may yield a fairly accurate indicator of how much he is

learning, unless he can show it well (Seif, 2009).

Related studies

Galiher (2007), used GPA to measure student performance because the

main focus in the student performance for the particular semester. Some other

researchers used test results or previous year result since they are studying

performance for the specific subject or year (Hijazi and Naqvi, 2007). And some

other researchers have discussed the different factors that affect the student

academic performance in their research. There are two types of factors that

affect the students academic performance. These are internal and external

classroom factors and these factors strongly affect the students performance.

Internal classroom factors includes students competence in English, class

schedules, class population, English modules, test results, learning facilities,

homework, environment of the class, complexity of the course material, teachers

role in the class, technology used in the class and exams systems. External

classroom factors include extracurricular activities, family problems, work and

financial, social and other problems. Research studies shows that students

performance depends on many factors such as learning facilities, gender and

age differences, etc. that can affect student performance (Hansen, Joe B., 2000).
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Harb and El-Shaarawi (2008) found that the most important factor with

positive effect on students' performance is Parental Involvement. Like in this

research we are searching for the different factors that may affect the students

performance. Much of the previous research that seeks to examine factors

affecting students academic performance in accounting have suggested that

factors such as gender, prior knowledge in accounting, scientific and

mathematical intelligence can cause difference in students scores. Since many

previous researches have been conducted on students performance in America

and Europe (Yilmaz Guney, 2009)

Francisco Cano (2008) tried to study the relationship between family

environment, learning strategies, and academic performance. This study on

secondary school students examined the interrelationship between family

environment variables as predictors of learning strategies and academic

performance. It was found that the better family intellectual climate have a

significant positive impact on the students beliefs about learning and academic

achievement.