Criminology, Spring 2015: Assignment #2 [125 points]

Due April 19 at beginning of class (changed from original due date

of April 12)
You may turn in the assignment early. I will not accept late
assignments.
For the following multiple-choice questions, follow the formatting rules that
apply to your Practice Tests (i.e., type out the answer for each question).

Multiple-Choice (2 points each = 80 total points):

1. Congress defined a hate crime as a criminal offense motivated in whole or in part by all of the
following offender biases EXCEPT:
a. race c. sexual orientation
b. religion d. political affiliation

2. _____ amended the Hate Crime Statistics Act to enhance penalties for offenses that involve a
motivation bias.
a. Church Arson Prevention Act of 1996
b. Campus Hate Crimes Right to Know Act of 1997
c. Violent Crime Control and Law Enforcement Act of 1994
d. Matthew Shepard and James Byrd, Jr., Hate Crimes Prevention Act of 2009

3. All of the following are considered hate crimes motivated by persons status as homeless
according to the model state legislation EXCEPT:
a. acts that result in the death of a person
b. acts that deface, damage, or destroy, or attempt to deface, damage, or destroy the personal
property of the person
c. assault, aggravated assault, battery, or aggravated battery on the person
d. all of the above are considered hate crimes motivated by persons status as homeless

4. _____ involves terrorist activities against the government that are committed by rebellious
groups.
a. dissident terrorism c. state-sponsored terrorism
b. criminal terrorism d. religious terrorism

5. Byers and Crider used what theory to examine hate crimes against the Amish?
a. labeling theory c. neutralization theory
b. social learning theory d. routine activities theory

6. _____ is a communication frame that exposes corrupt or illegal behavior.

a. reportage frames c. contention frames
b. investigative frames d. mythic frames

7. All of the following are considered general goals for achieving homeland security EXCEPT:
a. respond to and recover from incidents that occur
b. prevent and disrupt terrorist attacks
c. protect the American people, critical infrastructure, and key resources
d. maintain the foundation of America

8. A criminal activity that has been linked to terrorist financing is fraud involving all of the
following EXCEPT:
a. food stamps c. white collar
b. credit cards d. welfare
9. The majority of bias motivated incidents reported by law enforcement agencies were
motivated by a _____ bias.
a. religious c. sexual orientation
b. ethnicity/national origin d. racial

10. Homeland security is a concerted national effort to prevent and disrupt terrorist attacks,
protect against man-made and natural hazards, and respond to and recover from incidents that
do occur.
a. all hazards c. meta hazards
b. security uber alles d. jurisdictional hazards

11. All of the following use game theory EXCEPT:

a. businesses c. schools
b. military d. politics

12. _____ is responsible for administration of immigration and naturalization adjudication

functions.
a. U.S. Customs and Border Protection c. U.S. Secret Service
b. U.S. Immigration & Customs Enforcement d. U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services

13. All of the following are considered fundamental rights granted to citizens in the United States
EXCEPT:
a. right to private records c. right of access to the courts
b. right to confront witnesses d. presumption of innocence

14. All of the following are one of the four significant areas of concern for homeland security
according to the USA PATRIOT Act EXCEPT:
a. conducting foreign intelligence investigations
b. issuing city-level search warrants
c. controlling money laundering
d. collection of communications information and data

15. Compared with left-wing groups, right-wing terrorist activities _____.

a. are common c. occur at the same rate
b. occur at a greater rate d. are rare

16. A burglar is caught in the middle of burglarizing a residential home of a well-known area
Muslim imam (priest). As the burglar runs from the scene of the crime he yells a racial slur at the
home owner. The offenders identity is unknown. Is this a hate crime?
a. Yes
b. No

17. The sheltering group within an umbrella organization does all of the following EXCEPT:
a. develop ideology for the organization c. develop support structures
b. manage supplies d. obtain intelligence

18. One of the predominant forms of terrorism for the past several decades is _____.
a. dissident terrorism
b. criminal terrorism
c. state-sponsored terrorism

19. Homeland security is a symbol used to justify government efforts to curtail civil liberties.
a. all hazards c. meta hazards
b. security uber alles d. jurisdictional hazards
20. Which answer below is not one of the key components that must be present for a crime to
occur according to routine activities theory?
a. suitable target
b. adequate guardianship
c. willing offender

21. _____ is a communication frame that consists of hero stories.

a. reportage frames c. contention frames
b. investigative frames d. mythic frames

22. The term terrorism originated from the French phrase meaning _____ that prevailed during
the French Revolution.
a. reign of terror c. terror organization
b. revolution of panic d. institution of fear

23. _____ includes terrorist acts that transpire due to the guidance of the state or government
against perceived enemies.
a. dissident terrorism c. state-sponsored terrorism
b. criminal terrorism d. religious terrorism

24. _____ made it unlawful to willfully cause bodily injury, or attempt to do so, with a dangerous
weapon when the offense is committed because of the actual or perceived race, color, religion,
national origin, gender, sexual orientation, gender identity, or disability of any person.
a. Campus Hate Crimes Right to Know Act of 1997
b. Violent Crime Control and Law Enforcement Act of 1994
c. Matthew Shepard and James Byrd Jr. Hate Crimes Prevention Act of 2009

25. Within the religious bias grouping of motivation categories, the majority of crimes were
against what religion?
a. Jewish c. Christian
b. Muslim d. Buddhist

26. Terrorism is easily analyzed because there is an abundance of reliable data on cases of each
major form of terrorism to provide a foundation for statistical inference.
a. True b. False

27. Part of the Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service is now part of the U.S. Customs and
Border Protection agency.
a. True b. False

28. The Department of Homeland Security is a Cabinet department of the U.S. federal
government, established in response to the Oklahoma City bombings.
a. True b. False

29. The punishment for arson of a church can vary from one (1) year imprisonment and a fine to
death.
a. True b. False

30. The left category of political violence applies to those political trends and movements that
stress group rights.
a. True b. False

31. The first known terrorist group was the Sicarii, an extremist group of the religious sect of
Zealots.
a. True b. False
32. Most of the terrorist attacks that occurred in 2011 were suicide attacks.
a. True b. False

33. The term terrorism was initially considered a positive action.

a. True b. False

34. There is no clear and concise definition of the word terrorism.

a. True b. False

35. Terrorism is often considered a downward crime; these offenses are committed by individuals
from a lower social standing.
a. True
b. False

36. There are documented connections between terrorist groups and drug trafficking, particularly
in reference to smuggling pseudoephedrine.
a. True b. False

37. Censorship refers to whether media coverage of a terrorist incident inspires more terrorism.
a. True b. False

38. When a hate crime is not exclusively a federal offense, the federal government can, and
does, investigate and prosecute hate crimes as civil rights violations.
a. True b. False

39. The drug cartels in Mexico are an example of dissident terrorism.

a. True b. False

40. Terrorism had not existed prior to the September 11 attacks.

a. True b. False

Listing Questions (45 total points): For each question, please label your answers (a,
b, c).

41a 41c
According to Byers and Crider, what are 3 reasons why the Amish were perceived as suitable
targets?

42a 42c
Identify the 3 issues associated with the media and reporting terrorism.

43a 43b
Give 2 examples of domestic terror threats as defined by the Federal Bureau of Investigation.

44a 44c
What are the 3 general barriers to understanding terrorism as defined by Brian Frost?

45a 45c
What is the 3-step process associated with money laundering?

46a 46b
The Church Arson Prevention Act of 1996 prohibits what 2 things?
47a 47b
What 2 factors must terrorist organizations have to interact with change?

48a 48b
Identify 2 of the several pieces of information that institutions of Higher Education must disclose
according to the Campus Hate Crimes Right to Know Act of 1997.